Research Paper

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences

7(1): 053-054, January-February (2016)
ISSN: 0976-1675 https:// www.rjas.org DI: 3038-0610-2015-014

Influence of Various Chemicals on Flowering and Fruiting Characteristics of

Kesar Mango
J J Amarcholi, V Singh*, K M Sharma, R J Patel, G V Chaudhari and S K Momin
Depertment of Fruit Science,
A. C. H. F, Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari - 396 450, Gujarat, India
*Depertment of Horticulture, College of Agriculture (NAU), Bharuch - 392 001, Gujarat, India
e-mail: amarcholijaykishan@gmail.com

Received: 06 October 2015; Revised accepted: 27 December 2015

ABSTRACT
An investigation was carried out to know the influence of chemicals on flowering and fruiting characteristics of
Kesar mango at Horticulture farm, College of Agriculture (NAU), Bharuch during the year 2013-2014. Thirteen
treatments comprised of KNO 3 with 0.5%, 1.0% and 1.5%, Cycocel with 50 ppm, 100 ppm and 150 ppm, Ethrel with
100 ppm, 200 ppm and 300 ppm and KH2PO4 with 0.5%, 1.0% and 1.5% including control were used in randomized
block design with three replications. The foliar application of chemicals applied twice during the investigation,
once at flower bud differentiation followed by another spray during the full bloom stage in eight year old Kesar
mango orchard. Flowering and fruiting characteristics were significantly influenced by various chemicals treatment
during the investigation as compare to control. The foliar application of KNO3 1.0% (T3 treatment) noted maximum
flowering percentage (26.12%), fruit set percentage (0.21%) and Fruit retention percentage (20.45%) statistically at
par with KH2PO4 0.5% and Ethrel 200 ppm. However, the highest number of fruit per panicle (2.10), number of fruit
per tree (276.33) and fruit yield (11.30 ton/ha) recorded by KNO3 1.0% (T3 treatment) was closely followed by
treatment T11 (KH2PO4 0.5%) and T9 (Ethrel 200 ppm) in Kesar mango.

Key words: Mango, Kesar, Flowering, Fruiting, KNO3, Cycocel, KH2PO4, Ethrel

M ango is the most important fruit of India and this

fruit has developed its own importance all over
the world. Being a choosiest and delicious fruit, it was the
part of culture and religion since earlier. From ancient time,
it has been favourite of the kings and commoners because of
its nutritive value, taste, attractive fragrance and health
promoting qualities and now it is recognized as one of the
best fruits in the world market. Numerous cultivars of
mango are cultivated in India with diversity of flavour and
taste among them, Kesar has its own identity on the base of
flavour and pulp colour with excellent Sugar: acid ratio.
Management of mineral nutrition of fruit crops during
particular stage through foliar application is an essential
practice in an orchard. Mango flowering and fruit sets are an
important physiological event that sets the start of fruit
production. The objective of this experiment was to study
the foliar effects of chemicals on flowering and fruiting of
Kesar mango.
Campus situated in Bharuch (Gujarat) district during the
year 2013-2014 with an aim to improve the quality and shelf
life of mango. The experiment was conducted on 8 year old
mango trees of cv. Kesar. The experiment was laid in
randomized block design with thirteen treatments and three
replications. All the trees selected for experiments were
almost uniform in growth and vigour. The treatments were
comprised of KNO3 with 0.5%, 1.0% and 1.5%, Cycocel
with 50 ppm, 100 ppm and 150 ppm, Ethrel with 100 ppm,
200 ppm and 300 ppm and KH2PO4 with 0.5%, 1.0% and
1.5% and control (water spray). The foliar application of
chemicals applied twice during the investigation, once at
flower bud differentiation followed by another spray during
the full bloom stage in Kesar mango orchard. The data
were recorded for flowering (%), fruit set(%), fruit retention
(%), number of fruits per panicle, number of fruits per tree
and fruit yield (ton/ha) at periodically interval. The data
were subjected to the analysis of variance.

MATERIALS AND METHODS RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

The present investigation was carried out at the The study revealed that foliar application of chemicals
Horticulture Farm, Collage of Agriculture, NAU, Bharuch showed significant influence on all the flowering and

053
 Amarcholi et al. 2016
fruiting characteristics of Kesar mango as compare to
control. The maximum flowering percentage (26.12%), fruit
set percentage (0.21%) and fruit retention percentage
(20.45%) were obtained through KNO3 1.0% (T3 treatment)
followed by KH2PO4 0.5% (T11 Treatment) and Ethrel 200
ppm (T9 Treatment). KNO3 is one of the chemical inducing
substances that shown some potential for inducing flowering
in mango and enhance fruit production (Barba 1974).
Lauchil et al. (2006) explained that KNO3 might be involved
in the inductive process where active components of KNO 3
might transfer shoots from the vegetative phase to the
reproductive phase, then grow into panicles and finally bear
flowers. The results are in agreement with Nulit et al.
(2014), Sudha et al. (2012), Nahar et al. (2010).
Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences 7(1)
However, the highest number of fruit per panicle (2.10),
number of fruit per tree (276.33), and fruit yield (11.30
ton/ha) recorded by KNO3 1.0% (T3 treatment) was closely
followed by treatment T11 (KH2PO4 0.5%) and T9 (Ethrel
200 ppm) in Kesar mango. Potassium nitrate and
potassium di-hydrogen phosphate interacted positively with
set fruits, encouraged their favourable characters and their
active implications increased fruit set and fruit retention.
The foliar application of potash promotes the growth of
settled fruit and boost up their retention on the tree till
harvesting. Similar results were recorded by Sudha et al.
(2012), Singh et al. (2005) in mango while Srivastava et al.
(2013) in ber which are in agreement with the present
investigation.

Table 1 Influence of various chemicals on flowering and fruiting characteristics of Kesar mango
Flowering Fruit set Fruit retention Number of fruit per Number of Fruit yield
Treatments
(%) (%) (%) panicle fruit per tree (ton/ha)
T1 : Control 20.10 0.14 14.92 1.47 185.67 5.83
T2 : KNO3 0.5% 21.63 0.17 17.70 1.70 239.00 8.40
T3 : KNO3 1.0% 26.12 0.21 20.45 2.10 276.33 11.30
T4 : KNO3 1.5% 22.79 0.18 19.04 1.80 262.00 9.50
T5 : Cycocel 50 ppm 23.48 0.16 17.76 1.63 235.33 7.48
T6 : Cycocel 100 ppm 23.81 0.17 17.96 1.67 242.67 8.88
T7 : Cycocel 150 ppm 24.01 0.18 18.23 1.73 261.33 9.92
T8 : Ethrel 100 ppm 23.95 0.16 16.21 1.60 235.33 8.10
T9 : Ethrel 200 ppm 25.09 0.19 19.78 2.00 271.33 11.04
T10 : Ethrel 300 ppm 24.08 0.17 16.07 1.50 250.33 8.86
T11 : KH2PO4 0.5% 26.05 0.20 20.02 2.07 265.67 10.79
T12 : KH2PO4 1.0% 25.01 0.17 17.95 1.70 259.33 9.44
T13 : KH2PO4 1.5% 23.17 0.15 15.44 1.53 252.67 8.06
S. Em. 0.81 0.01 0.60 0.08 12.70 0.57
C. D. (5%) 2.37 0.02 1.76 0.23 37.07 1.67
C. V. % 5.92 6.81 5.88 7.74 8.83 10.98

From the investigation it can be concluded that
flowering and fruiting characteristics were significantly
influenced by various chemicals treatment during the
investigation as compare to control. The foliar application of
KNO3 1.0% (T3 treatment) noted maximum flowering
percentage (26.12%), fruit set percentage (0.21%) and fruit
retention percentage (20.45%) statistically at par with
KH2PO4 0.5% and Ethrel 200 ppm. However, the highest
number of fruit per panicle (2.10), number of fruit per tree
(276.33) and fruit yield (11.30 ton/ha) recorded by KNO 3
1.0% (T3 treatment) was closely followed by treatment T 11
(KH2PO4 0.5%) and T9 (Ethrel 200 ppm) in Kesar mango.

LITERATURE CITED
Barba R C. 1974. Induction of flowering of mango by chemical spray. Proceedings of Crop Science 5: 54-160.
Lauchil U, Pierre M and Normand F. 2006. Season effect of leaf nitrogen partitioning and photosynthesis water use
efficiency in mango. Journal of Plant Physiology 163(1): 48-57.
Nahar N, Choudhary M S H and Rahim M A. 2010. Effect of KClO3, KNO3 and urea on the flowering and fruiting of mango
and longan. Journal of Agro Environment 4(1): 31-34.
Nulit R, Afiqah A N, Hawa Z E J and Kusnan M. 2014. Improving the yield of Chok Anan mango with potassium nitrate
foliar sprays. International Journal of Fruit Science 14: 416-423.
Singh N P, Mahli C S and Sharma R C. 2005. Effect of foliar feeding of N, P and K on vegetative and fruiting characters of
mango cv. Dusehri. International Conference on Mango and Date Palm: Culture and Export. pp 27-31.
Srivastava A, Singh S P and Kumar A. 2013. Effect of foliar spray of different sources of potassium on fruiting, yield and
shelf-life of ber (Ziziphus mauritiana Lam.) cv. Banarasi Karaka. International Journal of Agricultural Science and
Technology 2(1): 19-21.
Sudha R, Balamohan T N and Soorianathasundaram K. 2012. Effect of foliar spray of nitrogenous chemicals on flowering,
fruit set and yield in mango (Mangifera indica L.) cv. Alphonso. Journal of Horticultural Science 7(2): 190-193.

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