IJSTE - International Journal of Science Technology & Engineering | Volume 3 | Issue 07 | January 2017

ISSN (online): 2349-784X

Improvement in Power Quality of IGBT based

Front-End Converter using MATLAB
Binita Tailor Ayaz Pathan
UG Student UG Student
Department of Electrical Engineering Department of Electrical Engineering
Shroff S.R. Rotary Institute of Chemical Technology, Vataria Shroff S.R. Rotary Institute of Chemical Technology, Vataria
India India

Harsh Patel Ritesh Khushwaha

UG Student UG Student
Department of Electrical Engineering Department of Electrical Engineering
Shroff S.R. Rotary Institute of Chemical Technology, Vataria Shroff S.R. Rotary Institute of Chemical Technology, Vataria
India India

Mr. Jignesh Joshi

Assistant Professor
Department of Electrical Engineering
Shroff S.R. Rotary Institute of Chemical Technology, Vataria India

Abstract
The paper presents the modeling, simulation and analysis of an IGBT based front-end converter. It provides a suitable control
algorithm for a pulse width modulation rectifier, which reduces ripple from the DC output side as well as shapes the input current
as input voltage. The basic objective of IGBT based front-end converter is to regulate the DC output voltage and also ensure a
sinusoidal input current and unity power factor operation. This is implemented by high speed IGBT switches connected in H-
Bridge. The output voltage is controlled by switching of IGBTS and higher order ripples at the output can be easily eliminated
with the help of passive filter. Lower order harmonics are eliminated using PWM technique. The control subsystem generates
gating pulse to the universal bridge by passing the output voltage through a network consisting of comparator, discrete PI
controller and discrete PWM generator. The output of this generator is the gating pulses to be applied to the universal bridge. By
this control method, we have tried to reduce the input current harmonic distortion and bring the input current and voltage in same
phase as well as make it sinusoidal.
Keywords: Improvement of Power Quality, IGBT based Front-End Converter, Eliminate Line Current Distortion,
MATLAB Simulation, Reduce Input Current %THD
________________________________________________________________________________________________________

I. INTRODUCTION

A switching power rectifier in the power system converts one level of electrical energy into another level of electrical energy.
Converters in the AC to DC conversion field are the most widespread and the operation of a converter can be explained in terms
of the input quantities, output quantities and the switching pattern used to obtain the preferred output.
Types of semiconductor devices used in the rectifier are as follows:
Uncontrolled rectifiers - Diodes as switches
Phase-controlled rectifiers - SCR (silicon controlled rectifiers)
Pulse-width modulation rectifiers - IGBTs (insulated gate bipolar transistors) or power MOSFETs (metal oxide field-effect
transistors)
The ability to control the system to obtain unity power factor operation of a boost rectifier is an important feature of the
rectifier topology. The power factor (PF) is defined as the ratio of working power to apparent power. The power quality
problems, such as large values of harmonics, poor power factor and high total harmonic distortion, are usually associated with
operations of AC to DC converters. An increase in the current harmonics and a decrease in the displacement power factor in AC
power lines produced by diode and thyristors are serious problems.
IGBT based front end converter is distribution systems represents the best solution, in terms of performance and effectiveness,
for elimination of harmonic distortion as well as power factor correction, balancing of loads, voltage regulation and flicker
compensation. Sinusoidal PWM is a technique employed where the sinusoidal waveform or modulation signal is compared with
a very high frequency triangle or carrier signal to obtain the switching pulses for the device. A method of identification of supply

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 Improvement in Power Quality of IGBT based Front-End Converter using MATLAB
(IJSTE/ Volume 3 / Issue 07 / 040)

current will be developed by using MATLAB/Simulink for elimination of the harmonics of current and to obtain a sinusoidal
current of the line.

II. PROBLEM IDENTIFICATION

From the study in this paper, there are a large number of switching converter topologies and composite switching converters are
possible. The power quality problems, such as large values of harmonics, poor power factor and high total harmonic distortion,
are usually associated with operation of AC/DC converters. The other important problem is that the input current and voltage
waveforms are not in phase due to the distortions. There have been many approaches to mitigate the harmonics and other
problems in the rectifier system. [1]

III. OBJECTIVE OF THE PAPER

The objective of this Project is to design, simulate and implement of diode based rectifier and IGBT based front-end converter
which more efficient and able to solve the nonlinear problem with optimum way.
1. To reduce the Input current THD (Total Harmonic Distortion)
2. Input voltage and current should be in the same phase i.e. unity power factor.
3. The input current should be sinusoidal.

IV. IGBT BASED FRONT END CONVERTER

In this paper boost rectifier using IGBT for operating at higher frequency is reported. Sinusoidal Pulse width modulation
technique is used for switching of IGBTs is explained. This converter providing the desirable dc output voltage with unity power
factor and less %THD. The power circuit for this rectifier with closed loop using PI controller is simulated in MATLAB.

V. DESIGN CALCULATION

Input Voltage
Vm=2230 =325 V

Line filter Inducter

0.03 Vs
L=
2f Is

Output filter Capacitor

Vr Is
=
V 2Vdc 4f

Output DC Voltage
2 Vm
=

Switching Frequency
1
Time period T=
f

VI. DESIGN CONSIDERATION AND RESULTS

Design Specification:
Input voltage: 325V
Frequency: 50Hz
Line Filter at input side: 0.1 , 4.7 mH
Reference DC Voltage: 207 V

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 Improvement in Power Quality of IGBT based Front-End Converter using MATLAB
(IJSTE/ Volume 3 / Issue 07 / 040)

Fig. 5: Simulation of IGBT based front end converter

In this paper IGBT based front end converter for operating at high frequency is reported.
Simulation of IGBT based front end converter is as shown in Simulink model. In this there is H-Bridge rectifier circuit with
gate controlled switches i.e. IGBT.s. For triggering the IGBTs we have generated gate pulses using closed loop arrangement. By
comparing output voltage of PWM rectifier and reference Dc voltage given to the PI controller. Output of PI controller is to be
multiply with supply voltage. The multiplier output voltage is compared with carrier signal (triangular wave). This will generate
gate pulses for triggering the IGBT. By varying the values of output side filter capacitor and resistive load values. We can gate
the DC output voltage with minimum of ripple. By this simulation we also reduce the input current %THD to 8.59% also input
current same phase with input voltage i.e. unity power factor.

VII. RESULTS OF THIS SIMULATION

Input Current

Input current [Scale: X axis:0.005 s/div , Y axis:0.100 Amp/div]

Fig. 6: Waveform of input current

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 Improvement in Power Quality of IGBT based Front-End Converter using MATLAB
(IJSTE/ Volume 3 / Issue 07 / 040)

Output Voltage

Output voltage [Scale: X axis:10 s/div , Y axis:50 V/div]

Fig. 7: Waveform of output voltage

Fig. 8: Input current FFT analysis

FFT Analysis

Fig. 9: FFT window

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 Improvement in Power Quality of IGBT based Front-End Converter using MATLAB
(IJSTE/ Volume 3 / Issue 07 / 040)

VIII. CONCLUSION

It provides suitable control algorithm for a pulse width modulation rectifier, which reduces ripple from the DC output side as
well as shapes the input current as input voltage.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We are grateful to Mr. Jignesh Joshi, Assistant Professor in the Department of Electrical Engineering, SRICT. We are extremely
thankful and indebted to him for sharing expertise, and sincere and valuable guidance and encouragement extended to us and
thankful to Mr. Praful P. Chudasama, Head of Department of Electrical Engineering, SRICT for giving us valuable support.
We take this opportunity to express gratitude to all of the Department faculty members for their help and support. We also
thanks our parents for the unceasing encouragement, support and attention.

REFERANCES
[1] Mahasweta Bhattacharya ECE Improvement of Power Quality Using PWM Rectifiers Future Institute of Engineering & Management ,Kolkata
International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, Volume 4, Issue 7, July 2014 ISSN 2250-3153
[2] Prof. P. N. kapil Assi. Professor Electrical Department Simulation of Closed Loop AC-DC Converter for Power Quality Improvement International
Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT) Nirma University Ahmedabad, India Vol. 4 Issue 03, March-2015, ISSN: 2278-0181
[3] Maulik J. Shah, Hirenkumar D. Patel and Niravkumar D .Patel Student, Dept. of Electrical Engineering, Simulation of PWM Control Scheme Designed
for 1-phaseUnity Power Factor Active Rectifier Nirma University, Ahmedabad ,Gujarat, India Designed for 1- Conference Paper December 2010
[4] Renju Mathew, Neha Agarwal, Manisha Shah, and P. N. Tekwani Design, modelling and simulation of three-phase front-end converter for unity power
factor and reduced harmonics in line current2013 Nirma University International Conference on Engineering (NUiCONE)
[5] Maulik J. Shah, U.A. Patel, Rameshvar P. Sadhu, Mitesh N. Priyadarshi Design and Simulation of 1kW Active Rectifier institute of technology, nirma
university Ahmedabad 382481, 9-11 December, 2010 Conference Paper
[6] Deepakkumar Varu, Nitin H. Adroja, Narendrasinh Rana Department of Active Electrical Engineering, Power Factor Improvement in Single Phase
System Using Front End Converter Atmiya Institute of Technology & Science, Rajkot, Gujarat, India Conference Paper April 2016
[7] J. Bauer Single Phase Pulse Width Modulation Rectifier Acta PolytechnicVol.4 No.3/2008

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