NAME: FATMA MARDADI

TASK: PRODUCE A REPORT

To make a standard
Introduction: solution of sodium

In this experiment, we worked as a group. The purpose of this experiment is to

prepare a standard solution of sodium carbonate. Standard solution is one whose
concentration is known exactly. Standard solution can be use as titration which
is used to find out the concentration of other solution. Moreover, this
experiment was more based preparing a standard solution of sodium carbonate
to use it later in another practical.

Equipment used:

Googles
Glass rod
Teat pipette
spatula
De -ionised water
Anhydrous sodium carbonate, Na2CO3(s)
100 cm3 beaker
250 cm3 beaker
250 cm3 volumetric flask with stopper
Filter funnel

Method:

Firstly, we prepared everything that was needed for this experiment. We first
place clock glass on balance and set to zero, then we weighed out 1.3g of sodium
carbonate, carefully added the sodium carbonate to a beaker containing 150cm3
of deionised water. We then Stirred the mixture until fully dissolved. After we
used a funnel to transfer the solution to a 250cm3 volumetric flask, we had to
do this carefully by pouring down the glass rod first and then remove the last
drop of solution from the glass rod onto the funnel. After that we washed the
beaker, rod and funnel several times using de-ionised water from the wash
bottle, letting the washings go into the flask. We made up to the mark on the
volumetric flask with de-ionised water and then shake the flask thoroughly to
mix the contents. Finally, we then labelled the flask clearly with our group
name, the date, and the contents of the flask.

Unit 2 A

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 NAME: FATMA MARDADI
TASK: PRODUCE A REPORT

Ph titration of HCI against NaOH

Aim: In this experiment, we had to determine the concentration of NaOH by

volumetric Ph titration of HCI using a calibrated Ph meter.

Apparatus:
Ph meter
Buffer solutions of Ph 4,7 and 9.2 in beakers
Burette
Pipette
2 conical flask
100 cm3 beaker
250 cm3 beaker
Stand and clamp
Distilled water bottle

Risk assessment:
Hydrochloric acid is an irritant which irritates the eyes
and skin.
NaOH is an irritant. It also irritates the eyes and skin.

Method:

During this experiment, the first thing we did was that we placed Ph meter into
buffer solution 4 and leave it for three minutes. Then we started recording the
Ph on the meter. We then rinsed the Ph meter with distilled water and then
place the meter in the buffer solution 7 beakers, we left it for three minutes
and then record the Ph. After that we rinsed the Ph meter with distilled water.
Then repeated with Ph buffer solution 9.2. Afterwards we used a pipette filler
to transfer 25 cm3 of HCI into a conical flask, rinsed the burette with water
and then with a small amount of NaOH. Then we clamp the burette to the stand
ensuring it does not move, then placed funnel at the top of the burette and fill
the burette with NaOH to the zero mark. After that we placed the conical flask
directly underneath the burette so that we can put the PH meter into the
conical flask and record the Ph of the solution. Afterwards we added 1cm3 of
NaOH to the conical flask and swirl the contents of the flask and record the PH
of the solution. We added another 1cm3 of NaOH from the burette and swirl
the contents of the flask and recorded the Ph meter. We then repeated the
steps 8 to 10 of adding NaOH, then started to record the Ph until all the NaOH

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 NAME: FATMA MARDADI
TASK: PRODUCE A REPORT

has been used up. To conclude, we then had to record the Ph meter readings in a
table below.

Results:

Buffer Ph meter Correction

solution reading
4 4.20 -0.20

7 6.98 -0.02

9.2 9.21 -0.01

Volume of PH Volume PH
NaOH cm3 of
NaOH
cm3
0 1.22 36 12.46
1 1.09 37 12.49
2 1.11 38 12.51

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 NAME: FATMA MARDADI
TASK: PRODUCE A REPORT

3 1.23 39 12.52
4 1.15 40 12.55
5 1.17 41 12.56
6 1.20 42 12.58
7 1.23 43 12.58
8 1.27 44 12.60
9 1.30 45 12.61
10 1.36 46 12.66
11 1.41 47 12.62
12 1.45 48 12.64
13 1.52 49 12.65
14 1.60 50 12.71
15 1.71
16 1.80
17 1.94
18 2.11
19 2.44
20 4.38
21 9.40
22 11.09
23 11.55
24 11.75
25 11.93
26 12.03
27 12.10
28 12.16
29 12.22
30 12.28
31 12.31
32 12.35
33 12.40
34 12.42
35 12.45
36 12.46
37 12.49
38 12.51

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