color and light

Without light there is color

Aristotle, a Greek philosopher who lived 384-322 BC, seems to have been the firs
t to realize that the eyes can not see color without light.
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Image formation
Our eyes work like prisms, giving the brain everything we see. The eye is a glob
e housed in its orbit. At the bottom of the globe the retina receives the images
and send them to the brain.
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Subject
Iris
Image
Cornea Pupil
Retina
Crystalline
The colored iris controls the size of the opening (pupil) where it enters the li
ght. Iris Open Pupil dilated iris closed Pupil The pupil contracted determines t
he amount of light as the opening of a single chamber.
The colors of white light
Newton (1676) - "spectrum of light" - Decomposition of white light into its seve
n colors light.
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Red Orange Sunlight contains several types of radiation that constitute the elec
tromagnetic spectrum. Each wavelength corresponds to a type of radiation. Yellow
Green Blue Indigo Violet
Colored light waves of color
Color circle
The color circle or color wheel is a visual representation of colors.
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The organization of color has been a concern of many scientists. It's a way to c
lassify the colors and putting them in order.
Isaac Newton
Isaac Newton developed the first color circle
In his Optics, he proposed a circular logging for study. Subsequently, the color
circle became all symmetrical.
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Newton concluded that as a dispersion, the white light is split into seven color
s: red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo and violet.
We can see this phenomenon in the formation of the rainbow
RYB - Johannes Itten (1888-1967)
In 1961, the artist Johannes Itten wrote the book, The elements of color, who ar
e the three primary red, yellow and blue.
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RGB - Frans Gerritsen
Frans Gerritsen, a famous Dutch scientist who did research on color, says in the
book, The phenomenon of light, that white light consists of a few wavelengths t
hat can be divided into three groups:
â ¢ shortwave light that make us feel blue â ¢ Half - light wavelength green light â ¢
long waves that give us the sensation of red
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Main perceptual attributes of color
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(1888-1967) in 1975, made a new attempt by Frans Gerritsen,
arrange the colors according to the laws of color perception.
All colors were sorted according to:
COLOR TINT
It is the attribute most closely related to the stimulus wavelength. Different c
olors have different shades.
SATURATION
Is related to the amount of white that is in the stimulus tones are highly satur
ated monochromatic A less saturated color is white. For example, pink is less sa
turated than red and more saturated than white.
BRIGHT
It relates to the amount of light from the source or reflected by the subject
The color exists because of the individual who perceives and depends on the exis
tence of light and subject matter that reflects it.
The color of the objects
The color of an object is given by the color it reflects, that is, when a white
light on it, all colors are absorbed except his.
An object is white because it absorbs no color, that is, it reflects all the col
ors that compose white light. When white light strikes the red apple, all colors
are absorbed except the wavelengths corresponding to red. The red color is refl
ected.
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An object is black because it absorbs all the colors that relate to it. No color
was reflected.
Additive synthesis
When a designer is to use the computer to create digital material you are using
additive synthesis. Additive synthesis begins with black and ends with the white
, which means that the more color is added, the result is lighter and tends to s
tay white.
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In the RGB system the mixing of two colors always results in a brighter color. W
hen you mix the three primary colors at maximum intensity, attains the white.
Subtractive synthesis
When you mix colors using paint, or through the printing process, we are using s
ubtractive synthesis. Things that do not produce light are colored by a process
called "Removal of color." Subtractive color mixing means that begins and ends w
ith the white to black. To add color, the result tends to be darker and black.
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"Particularly misleading is the claim that the lights are mixed additively, whil
e the pigments are mixed subtractive."
Rudolf Arnheim Art and Visual Perception
COLOR LIGHT
wavelengths> Physics
COLOR PIGMENT
chromatic pigments> Chemistry
natural pigments or synthetic light absorption
PRIMARY COLORS pure colors. It is from them that makes all other colors.
â ¢ Color RGB â ¢ Color-light-transparent pigment RYB opaque CMY
Primary Colors-light
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Additive synthesis
RBG
Primary
Red + Blue + Green Red Blue Green
Primary Colors-transparent pigment
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Subtractive synthesis
CMY
Primary
+ + Cyan Magenta Yellow Cyan Magenta Yellow
-Opaque color pigment Primary Subtractive synthesis
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RYB
Primary
Red + Yellow + Blue Red Yellow Blue
Secunia COLORS are colors that result from mixing equal parts of two primary col
ors.
Secondary colors-light
YELLOW
R + G
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GREEN
MAGENTA
G + B RED
BLUE
CYAN BLUE
R + B
Secondary Colors-transparent pigment color and light
BLUE (VIOLET)
C + M
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MAGENTA
RED
M + Y CYAN BLUE
YELLOW
GREEN
C + Y
Secondary colors-opaque dye
ORANGE
R + Y
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YELLOW
GREEN
Y + B RED
BLUE (VIOLET)
PURPLE
R + B
Systems CMY RGB RYB
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Color light
Corespigmento transparent
Corespigmento opaque
CMYK
The CMYK color system is the system used for color printing and is an example of
subtractive color method. The four colors that make up the standard of the prin
ting process are the cyan, magenta, yellow and black
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BLUE CYAN MAGENTA YELLOW BLACK
How much is printed in black was added to a channel with K color (CMYK)
CMY system or RYB?
Since about 1975, accepted - that there are two versions of subtractive synthesi
s or mixture of pigments. Result of many years of study on the light, as we see
light and how the brain and eyes to work, replaced the magenta red in all mixtur
es. The traditional color circle of Itten is still used. .
There is a new color wheel, more updated, which prevails in industry and art (de
sign, photography, digital art ...)
Traditional color circle
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Color circle current
Magenta
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Violet Blue
Red
Blue Cyan
Green
Yellow
In current practice
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Mixing the primary colors you will get the secondary colors
+
Blue Yellow Blue Cyan Cyan
=
magenta, green and violet
+ +
Yellow
=
Orange red
magenta
In current practice
There are millions of mixed color that the eye can see. Look at the following po
ssibilities:
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+ + + + + +
= = = = =