MAHATMA GANDHI

YOUR LIFE
The Indian politician became the head of his country and nationalism through the
principle of nonviolence won Britain granted independence to India in 1947. And
thanks to his example of civil resistance in the fight for the rights of all pe
ople, the figure of Gandhi is also a symbol of pacifism in the world.
CHRONOLOGY
October 2, 1869: Born in Porbandar (in modern Gujarat). 1893: He goes to South A
frica.
Gandhi belonged to the caste of merchants and educated in Britain, where he grad
uated with a law degree from University College London. He began to practice law
in the Indian city of Bombay but later was dedicated to promoting civil disobed
ience campaigns against British rule (which led to his arrest by the authorities
) and the dissemination of his teachings: directed, for example, a march on sea
to resist the payment of taxes such as the salt. In their struggle for independe
nce of his country, opposed the partition of Indian territory, through hunger st
rikes calling for peaceful coexistence between Hindus and Muslims.
THE INDEPENDENCE OF INDIA
In India, during the First World War, Gandhi made humanitarian work and then aft
er the massacre by British soldiers demonstrators in Amritsar, opposed the colon
ial policy of the United Kingdom. He became the leader of Indian National Congre
ss, the party that led the independence movement culminated in the division of t
he country in the new states of India and Pakistan. Gandhi, in his childhood 190
3: India Association founded the Transvaal. 1904: Creates the journal 'Indian Op
inion'. 1914: Returns to India 1919: Tragedy of Amritsar. WEST PAKISTAN 1922-192
4: The British authorities arrested and imprisoned him. Bombay INDIA New Delhi B
URMA EAST PAKISTAN
SOUTH AFRICA
In his youth, an Indian company Gandhi sent to their offices in Durban (South Af
rica) as legal counsel. In these lands remained 20 years, time in which he defen
ded the rights of the Indian community and founded the Transvaal Indian Associat
ion and the journal 'Indian Opinion'. Also lived Boer War (1899-1902), for which
he organized a group of ambulances and a group of the Red Cross.
1947
In Londres.entrando in St. James's Palace 1924: He retired from political activi
ty.
First ambulances used in the Boer War Gandhi used a policy of non-cooperation wi
th authorities and non-violent civil resistance (called 'satyagraha') based on t
ruth and courage to fight against discrimination and for the independence of the
ir country .
RESPECT FOR THE INDIANS
The Indians revered Gandhi as a saint and began to call him Mahatma (meaning 'gr
eat soul' in Sanskrit), a title reserved for the greatest sages. However, a Hind
u extremist, Nathura Vinayak Godse, assassinated him in New Delhi on January 30,
1948, on his way to his usual afternoon prayer.
1930: Leads the Salt March.
Shawl
Leading the march of salt from 1930 to 1934: Resuming his campaign of civil diso
bedience. 1934: Jawaharlal Nehru replaced him as leader of Indian National Congr
ess. 1947: India becomes independent from Britain. January 30, 1948: Nathura Vin
ayak Godse assassinated Gandhi.
GANDHI PHILOSOPHY
Gandhi's leadership for some time led to the meeting of Hindus and Muslims in th
e Indian National Congress. His teachings against violence, followed by the poli
ticians of their country of those years have inspired peace movements around the
world.
belo treatment against re Gandhi Indian fry in its estuary and racist that ran t
he theo des uráfrica and 'satyagraha' S and practice d rite which means c (term
sans a ') and strength to fight ad' verd civil culties . by country and the fre
edoms of RENDS indep With a state of division (India) and another majority hin D
ú akistán) are Muslim (P confrontations and at nts of thousands were killed ie
c eople. p
Loincloth
Their dress was the same as those used by the lower castes, a shawl and a loincl
oth. Their diet consisted of vegetables, fruit juice and goat's milk.
Infographic: 5W Infographics
Text: Manuel Irusta / EL MUNDO