HOMELAND - News From Portugal - 01

The State is no longer a Darwinian phoenix, CODE The Strangeness of
driving force for quality FOR HUMAN EVOLUTION Something Familiar

Housing production has been An evolutionary urban to rethinking the notion of
disconnected from a strategic regeneration dynamics. homeland as something that
vision for society A living and learning creature goes beyond soil and blood
homeland
News from Portugal
01
June
2014
14th International
Architecture
Exhibition
Venice
DIRECTOR Pedro Campos Costa
Enacting the
transitory P.14
Post-modern without ever Portuguese
Pavilion
Discussing the condition
of transiencein the specific
context of Porto
having been modern? Portugal is officially
represented at the
Somewhere between the exotic and
the peripheral, Portugal remains
forth between opulence and deca-
dence without ever having found a
and had an empire. In 1974 there was a
revolution, the empire was dissolved, de-
14th International
(even for the Portuguese) somewhat happy medium between the two. We mocracy was instated and modernization
Architecture Exhibition
Defining indecipherable.
The mythical past and an unclear
future collide in a present moment of
have been known to lose the plot; to
start things without finishing them.
Those who inhabit this space are the
came charging in; some thirty years later
the country has seen more change than in
the entire course of its history; we are now la Biennale di Venezia
Informal P.18
crisis and commonplace tragic des- Portuguese, scattered all around the in the midst of a crisis in a foggy Europe
tiny, now that the crisis has returned world in increasingly larger numbers and, post-modern without ever having been through a newspaper
to once gain tax the people of this occasionally, in their homeland. Forty modern; European and peripheral; no-
country, sentenced to swing back and years ago they lived under a dictatorship mads in the age of globalization. P.37
Extensively distributed in different edi-
From the knowledgeof
Portuguese architecture and film P.38

tions, over the six month period of the
the territory towards exhibition, Homeland, News from Por-
communities and public tugal intends to report news about cur-
rent architectural, social and economic
and collective interest life in Portugal, reflecting on and in-
forming about a variety of aspects of the
modernization of the country over the
past 100 years.
On the verge
Specifically, Homeland aims to address
the issues raised by architect Rem Kool-
haas (Fundamentals Absorbing Mo-
dernity: 1914-2014) through a critical
of a nervous and purposeful reflection on housing, a

field of excellence for experimentation
with modernity which has always been
breakdown P.22
an essential element of urban and rural
environments and a social and cultural
reflection of its inhabitants.
Promoting new
Modern
procedures that allow
for the completion
of unfinished buildings
Housing
Rooftop 1914-2014,
Porto and
Hypotesis P.26 Lisbon P.04
Reversing the process of
55 notable examples of multi-family
degradation of the historic housing selected for their importance
city center as prototypes of the last 100 years from
Lisbon and Porto. Designed by such
masters as Cassiano Branco, Ruy
Athouguia, Nuno Teotnio Pereira, Vi-
tor Figueiredo, Fernando Tvora, Con-
Building ceio Silva, Alvaro Siza, Gonalo By-

rne, Eduardo Souto de Moura, they
range from single-house clusters to ter-
Intimacy P.30
race houses and urban high-rises. The
buildings are illustrated with plans and
photographs.
Intimacy as a tool for regional

development Housing Overview in 2011
11%
Rural
24%
Hype P.34 In Portugal as elsewhere, the way architectural modernity matured during the
MIGUEL Henriques
65%
Reflecting on the agricultural twentieth century was not simply a process of erasing national characteristics in favour
of universal trends: it was a negotiated adoption of modernity tropes (of language and others)
legacy inherited in Alentejo layered onto local custom and circumstance. The result was a varied and rich modern built
towards new living patterns environment, which can be discovered upon a closer inspection.
Dwellings used under Dwellings without lack Overcrowded
their housing capacity of or surplus rooms dwellings
2 NEWS FROM PORTUGAL Homeland, June 2014 Homeland, June 2014 NEWS FROM PORTUGAL 3
Highlights Editorial Opening
Public
SOCIETY
Sandra M. Pereira Experience Venice in Portugal

In what way does the evolution of
housing in Portugal mirror the evolution
of Portuguese society? To what extent
Housing as a critical reflection of 100 years of modernity in Portugal Space
do the rhythms and contents of their
respective transformations move in RICARDO COSTA
tandem? Let us venture into the territory This moment of modernity inscribed Director newspaper Expresso
of the houses of our contentment P.17 tradition as a tool for modernity.
PEDRO CAMPOS COSTA In the last decades, and without prec-
Curator
edent, Portuguese architects have be-
come renowned world wide, winning
ECONOMY How was modernity absorbed in the two Pritzker Prizes and several Inter-
last 100 years? To make this critical re- national prizes between different gen-
Augusto Mateus flection in Portugal, we chose to look at

housing, as a decisive and primary ele-
ment of urban and territorial construc-
erations, this made Portuguese archi-
tecture one of the most awarded and
admired architectures in only 30 years.
T
Cities are constructions for human tion, and as a social and cultural reflec- Paradoxically architects were more so-
freedom. Today they are asserting tion of those who inhabit it. licited to design museums, schools,
themselves as privileged sites for the Housing was always a fertile ground public buildings, tourism facilities, and he title of this short article
creation of wealth; cities face many for experimentation and one of the infra-structure equipments. The mar- seems far too easy and obvi-
challenges and opportunities that are main subjects of modernity. During kets totally conquered the collective ous. But after searching
often mistaken for problems or dead- this century there were decisive mo- housing sector, especially during the around for other solutions, I
ends. P.21 ments of modernity, relating to terri- 90s and they also influenced the urban found myself repeatedly re-
tory, urban process, social participa- process creating a territorial system, turning to it.
tion, political engagement with archi- during the 80s. As a result of this, the Talking about journal-
tecture. One of these historical mo- core experimentation in housing, in ism or architecture is, in
POLITICS ments was the SAAL Operations Lo- both quantity and quality, was mainly essence, talking about public space,
cal Ambulatory Support Service, which made through detached housing. in the broader and narrower sense
Ricardo Carvalho started 40 years ago, in June of 1974,

in the hot aftermath of the revolution
a unique national operation that was
This alienation from the political,
territory and society is not only a na-
tional problematic but the consequence
of the term. Neither journalism nor
architecture make sense outside
public space and all its conditioning
Portuguese architecture has known focused on participation, experimental of several years of architecture closing elements, changes or contradictory
times when the experience of collective typologies; an enormous flow of mo- itself in academic speculations, closing forces. The timeframes, rhythms
housing laid the foundation for policy dernity that embraced the whole terri- itself in technical discourses, trying to and goals of journalism and archi-
and was capable of actually shaping the tory, from the North to South of Portu- be a technically specialized service, tecture are radically different. They
city; from the garden city of the Alvalade gal. The SAAL Operations marked the very much alike engineering, distant are necessarily different. Journal-
neighbourhood to the Olivais new-town territory and the ideals of several gen- and unseen to society. Well, probably ism has always been ephemeral and
to the S.A.A.L participatory architecture erations. we are already there. even when it managed to perpetuate
operations. All things that todays Another important moment that This project is not just a critical re- a large part of its work through the
generations of architects cannot hope joins territory, architecture and soci- flection, to be printed in an exhibition Internet (where practically nothing
for. P.25 ety, it was not an activist movement or as catalogue, it pretends to go much Vacation Getaway, from the series House Beautiful: Bringing the War Home is deleted and everything becomes
In the News!
MARTHA ROSLER, 1967-72
a state building operation, simply a further than that. We are using the Bi- eternal) speed and immediacy
group of architects making an Inquiry ennale of Venice to promote, engage, grew increasingly important in the
into Popular architecture, in 1954, 20 start processes, debates, make books process.
CULTURE years before SAAL. During the dicta- and projects in Portugal at this very But one of the obligations of jour-
torship of Salazar, they mapped Portu- moment. For the next 6 months , 6 ar- nalism is precisely to fight ephemer-
Joo Seixas gals Vernacular architecture, anony-

mous architecture from the different
regions of the country, Architecture
chitects will edit the news of 6 archi-
tects in 6 cities, testing, questioning
possibilities of future modernity in re-
ality, caching the nowness, trends,
tastes and styles and above all, what
remains from what passes. Few
How do we shift from a relevant yet without architects. These books were lationship with local administration, things can symbolize this better than
static view on urban rehabilitation to one the big umbrella for the new modern private developers and local inhabit- architecture, whose work accompa-
that is a vital code of a genetically more Portuguese architecture, hiding the ants. An inversion of what is normally nies our daily life for many years, dec-
human and evolutionary sequence P.29 modern movement behind popular vo- on exhibition at this event, the projects ades and centuries.
cabulary. After the Estado Novo of are in Portugal, some starting, some Bringing Architectural Modernity Home That tension between journalism
Salazar, it was still this romantic iden- will finish ,some will continue , some and architecture was clear to see in
tity that bonded with Portuguese cul- will open up a debate, some will pro- the last few decades, in a process
INTERNATIONAL ture, it became an emotional support, voke polemic, some will develop in whereby newspapers discovered
an identity tool and an obvious com- ways that we can not guess. Venice will and discussed architecture, made it
Nelson Mota monplace for several misunderstand-

ings, clichs and formalist prisons.
influence, but this time we will have
Venice in Portugal. Illustration: Ana Arago
known and opened its doors. It was
not a movement by a single jour-
nalist or paper and even less so a
How can architecture cope with the movement by a single architect or
anxiety of contamination in contemporary
societies? To what extent can design
decisions contribute to overcoming the
Inhabiting Venice, Holding New covers of home friendly publications The celebrity of architects such as l- and the willingness to engage with the
school of architecture, or in a single
geographical location. It was also
not a simple or one-way process, and
Architecture in Our Hands Eclipse

fear of ambiguity and ambivalence? A PEDRO GADANHO such as Time magazine. varo Siza and Eduardo Souto de Moura power of opinion making. even less so one without its share of
Curator, Department of Architecture
reflection on the emancipatory potential
and Design, MOMA
In countries where modernity arrived has certainly contributed to Portuguese Today, absorbing modernity sounds obstacles. But it became an estab-
of strangeness P.33 late, architecture too had a belated me- architectures increasing presence in too much like modern, progressive ide- lished trend.
dia reception. Even if architects were ac- the local press. Nonetheless, this was als are being made to disappear into As with almost everything rooted
tive in their circles, they reached beyond only the tip of the iceberg of an evolu- some homogenizing reality. As the rise in journalism, it was a thing that
Nobody doubts that, in large measures, an enlightened clientele only at much lat- tion that allowed newspapers to finally of the modern middle classes is de- just happened. The truth is that
TERRITORY perts in a myriad of scientific areas group of authors as diverse as Frank Lloyd 20th century modernity has been er stages. In Portugal, it took a revolution assume their modern mission, and play clared dead, a new Dark Age seems to architecture is on good terms with
SAMUEL REGO will also gather around the notion JOS MATEUS Wright, Alvar Aalto, Le Corbusier, Mies brought to ones living room by the me- for architecture to really hit the news. a relevant role in both disseminating dawn. Like other professionals in the all journalistic genres: the feature
lvaro Domingues Director-General for the Arts President Lisbon Architecture Triennale
of moder nism a nd Por t uguese van der Rohe, Gerrit Rietveld, Adolf Loos dia. Sure, toasters and mass-produced But when it did, it did so in style. While a and discussing architecture. Media new intellectual proletariat, architects story, the interview, the news item,
architecture, and their contribu- and many others, whose relationship with carpets have offered a sense of domes- 40-year long fascist regime endured, presence undoubtedly echoed the rapid should rely on their practical knowl- the opinion piece or even the con-
tions to the editions of Homeland One of the essential characteristics of history varies radically. When he distin- tic modernity fostered by ever-more modern architecture was remitted with growth of a suddenly fashionable pro- edge to bring forth ideas on how to sus- troversial headliner. And it is on ex-
Tragic destiny of Portugal! The mythical Arthur Miller said, in 1961: a good News from Portugal will be their the European spirit as observed by Pan- guished between vanguard and experi- accessible technologies. But newspa- other cultural expressions to the fringes fession as, after being stable for near- cellent terms with photography and
past and awn unclear future collide in a newspaper, I suppose, is a nation talk- statement. The conceptualization ofsky e Saxl seems to be the way in mentalism, Manfredo Tafuri was making pers, the radio, and TV sets have deliv- ly a century, the number of registered video, growing ever stronger in
present moment of crisis that sentence ing to itself; Homeland News from of architecture as a trigger for the which it destroys things and then rein- an insightful reading into the specific fea- ered the sense that one was immersed
Today, absorbing architects multiplied from 5.000 in Like other newspapers and their digital ver-
Portugal, in 2014, I suppose, is a na- development of thought about soci- states them on new foundations, break- tures of two different attitudes that are in the long revolution happening out- 1990 to 25.000 in 2014. Yet, the appear- sions. None of this happened by
to swing back and forth between
opulence and decadence without ever tion talking to the world. ety, the economy, geography and ing with tradition only to return to it sometimes mistaken for each other. side. Drawing from popular media, modernity sounds ance of architecture in newspapers also professionals chance. Architectures presence in
having found a happy medium between
the two. P.37
The concept of having a newspa-
per as the device that represents
other disciplines is a useful exercise
to gain a perspective of history. Si-
from a completely new point of view
and this is what produces the renais-
Tafuri stated that Vanguards are al-
ways affirmative, absolutist and totalitar-
Martha Roslers House Beautiful:
Bringing the War Home series (1967- too much like
reiterated the fields association to no-
tions of economical growth, progress
in the new intellectual the newspapers became stable and
continuous owing to nothing else
Portuguese architecture at the
14th International Architecture
multaneously, the different ap-
proaches that will be explored in
sances in the true sense of the word []. ian. They aim to adamantly build a new,
never-seen-before context. On the con-
1972) gave this idea a poignant visual
expression. If newspapers carried modern, and the agitated reconstruction of a na-
tional or cosmopolitan identity. Archi-
proletariat, but the work of the architects them-
selves, their designs and ability to
Exhibition La Biennale di Vene- Homeland News from Portugal Although that was not one of its founding trary, the experimentalist attitude seeks home modernitys many conflicts and
progressive ideals tecture was brought home in manifold architects should intervene in and discuss public
MODERN HOUSING
1914-2014 porto & Lisbon
zia is a creative and innovative idea
that serves multiple purposes: it
constitute propositions for the fu-
ture, emphasizing the practical ap-
traits, part of the early development of the
Modern Movement (MM) was rooted in a
to deconstruct, reassemble, contradict, to
exacerbate accepted syntaxes and lan-
tensions, life-style magazines complet-
ed the picture with alluring visions of are being made
expressions fit to typical media topical-
ity: from the architect involved in local rely on their space. That and the desire to do so
together with everybody or before
shows, it reflects, and it publicizes.
One of the most fundamental pur-
plications of the project.
The display of Portuguese archi-
disbelief of history as the bedrock of man-
kinds progress, and the end of cyclical
guages. Its innovations can also be gener-
ously designed for the great unknown, but
how to make yourself and your envi-
ronment become modern. to disappear
polemics to buildings in the context of
social conflicts, from cultural achieve-
practical knowledge everybodys eyes. Newspapers are
the defined frontier where discus-
Ricardo agarez poses of a newspaper is to convey tecture, as well as the reflection of tragic fates, such as the one heralded by the springboard that gives impetus to the Amongst this domestic dialectic, ar-
into some ments to educational issues, from the to bring forth sion becomes absolutely public and
A potted history of everyday multifamily information. Homeland News renowned researchers about it, the start of World War I in 1914. Likewise, leap is firmly grounded. chitecture has permeated the news well-known protagonists to the new, visible to everybody.
housing sheds light on the eventful from Portugal shows Portuguese wont be locked up in a room in Ven- it found sustenance and grew from the op- Basically, this second path establishes whenever and wherever modernity homogenizing nameless producers of market-driven ideas on how to But none of that frightens architec-
process of modernity building in Portugal
in the first seven decades of the last
architecture by providing informa-
tion about what has been, is being
ice; it will circulate and it will be
taken back home by stakeholders in
timistic faith in the redeeming power of
technology, of mass production, of a form
a critical dialogue with, but not a denial
of, the past.
and media allied with a particular
sense of progress. In sophisticated reality
real-estate.
In 2005, shortly after I finished a sustain or rebuild ture.
The Pritzker prizes won by lvaro
century where universal currents
were persistently morphed by local
and will be done in the realm of Por-
tugals participation at the Interna-
the world of architecture. At a time
when everything reaches people
of reason in conflict with memory. This
was indeed a core issue.
Just as architects have positioned
themselves and evolved in different
modern metropolises, such as early
20th century Berlin and Vienna, ar-
study on the presence of architecture
in a major Portuguese newspaper, I
a crumbling society Siza or Souto Moura are a good ex-
ample of this joint work. Journalism
agency, resulting in technical and tional Architecture Exhibition. In- easily and immediately, having peo- We witnessed an initial impetus whose ways, Modernism has also adopted dif- chitecture was part of the cultural dis- concluded that a pedagogical and cel- has always liked and needed prizes
formal diversity. P.04 side the three editions you will find ple carrying the Portuguese pavil- radical anti-historical stance was manifest- ferent logical principles from country to cussion. With little distinction be- ebratory moment had reached its peak. and people who embody them. And
reports on the work being devel- ion around is a significant advan- ed in the discourse not only of the van- country, in response to specific issues tween specialist media and daily Even if in a deferred way, architectures the story could have ended there:
oped by six teams, in six cities, that tage. guards, from Neo-plasticism to Dadaism and taking on a spectral, heterogeneous newspapers, reflections on architec- of cultural and political resistance. After contribution to the urge of moderniza- tain or rebuild a crumbling society. two prizes for two architects, the
will have long-lasting effects in Renowned on the international the latter being wholly inconsequential in character, except when subjected to ide- ture by Siegfried Krakauer or Adolf the 1974 revolution and the European tion had been duly absorbed. With the And, as pointed by Jrgen Habermas, end. But the story we saw and read
Housing Types selection by their respective areas of interven- circuit, Portuguese Architecture is architecture , but also of leading figures ological coercion, as in the case of the Loos entered the domestic realm with Union, however, the country rejoiced 2008 crisis, however, things were probably there is still no better place went much farther than that. The
Faculty of Architecture of the University tion. The audience of the Portu- closely linked to the new tendencies such as Le Corbusier or schools like the Portuguese Estado Novo. unexpected ease. In Paris, Le Corbus- with the idea of modernization, and so about to change. Soon, architecture to contribute to the public sphere than prizes turned out to be not an out-
of Porto (FAUP). Study Centre of guese representation will get to see and innovations that are spreading Bauhaus, where history did not exist as a Through the Homeland newspaper ier would soon discover that it paid to architecture and its internationally ac- would make the news because of ar- newspapers. Particularly now, archi- come but the trigger for many other
Architecture and Urbanism (CEAU), Casa not a static image of what Portu- worldwide. Our natural insertion in course subject. However, the return to his- and the research process shared in its be a polemicist, if not also a publicist. knowledged heroes entered the realm of rested development, frozen projects tects should make the news and the pieces. The journalists interest was
Housing architectural design and forms guese architecture can punctually the milieu and the thriving endeav- tory was inevitable. As Eduardo Loureno pages, the Portuguese Representation In America, building cities equalled everyday media. Be it through ideals of and mounting unemployment. Perhaps public sphere with more than empty not the only reason for it to happen;
of dwelling (AdC), Faculty of Architecture produce, but multiple projects by ours of Portuguese architects na- once said we have but the past available to in the current Venice Biennale is the an- building nation, and, echoing anthro- production or consumption, architec- it was time for architects to approach forms. Paraphrasing Picasso, pure the fact is that architects had a lot
of the University of Lisbon (FAUL) national architects. tionally and internationally makes us. We imagine the future with it. At the swer to the challenge of identifying what pologist Arjun Appadurai, architects ture has come home to a much wider au- the media in novel ways. As I hinted at form-making is intrinsically stupid; more to show, propose and discuss.
Prof. Carlos Lameiro P.06 Homeland News from Portugal this representation at the 14th Inter- same time, this helps us understand some is nowadays essential and specific, after were as much heroes of production as dience by way of newspapers such as Ex- the end of my research, architects any cad-monkey can do it. But to medi- This newspaper is just one leg of the
is a project that fosters a plurality national Architecture Exhibition fit of the contradictions at the heart of MM, as 100 years of Modernist evolution and as- any others. Architects and buildings presso, during the 1980s, and Pblico, should now make the news with the ate form with political meaning, thats journey.
of approaches to architecture. Ex- for success. well as the underlying artificiality of a similation in our country. were often in the news, if not in the from the 1990s onwards. ability to expand their field of action, what makes man a modern animal.
Modern Housing 1914-2014
Modernity, Diversity, Detail

Ricardo Agarez
I
Architect and
Architectural Historian
n Portugal as elsewhere, the way

architectural modernity ma-
tured during the twentieth cen-
tury was not simply a process of
erasing national characteristics
in favour of universal trends: it
was a negotiated adoption of mo-
dernity tropes (of language and
others) layered onto local custom
and circumstance. The result was
a varied and rich modern built en-
vironment, which can be discov-
ered upon a closer inspection.
There was then, as there is today, a
persistent need to reconcile through
building: reconcile conservative and
progressive policies; reconcile the
urge to seem modern (and to effective-
ly modernize) with the will of not be-
coming alienated from context; recon-
cile the introduction of new language
with a lexicon which might already be
familiar; reconcile new materials and
techniques with existing, inexpensive,
abundant manpower and perfected
traditional building crafts. The ques-
tion of national vs. universal was ma-
nipulated throughout the century by
all of the agents involved, with a strong
undercurrent drive for expressing
identity (national, regional, local)
emerging at regular intervals. This
spanned from the nationalistic eth-
nography of the Casa Portuguesa fea-
tures, a troubled late-19th century in-
heritance, through to the 1940s refor-
mulated regionalism, alongside
which a mature form of modernism
blossomed: Portugal was a good exam-
ple of how the postwar (re)turn to the
regional in Europe did not necessarily
threaten the modernist agenda but in
fact reinvigorated it, redressing the
inhuman reputation of the 1920s
crate architecture. In its latest itera-
tion, the on-going reflux of gimmicky
modernism oblivious to the ballast
of 100 years of negotiations once
again brings about a new tack towards
the local (vernacular, archetypal), as
if one always compensates for the per-
ceived excesses of the other.
The architecture of multifamily hous-
ing, the vast middle ground of everyday
building practices, offers a unique in-
sight into this diverse modernity in Por-
tugal, cyclically morphed by local fac-
tors. A brief overview could start with
the pioneers of working-class dwelling
projects (Arrbida in Porto 1918, Arco
do Cego in Lisbon 1919), where tradi-
tional construction methods and eclec-
tic design formulas sought to outline na-
tional characteristics to override for-
eign (Beaux-Arts) recipes. This endeav-
our matured in the garden-suburb cot-
tage schemes of the 1930s, built under
large-scale public infrastructure
schemes devised to simultaneously
equip the country with basic facilities,
address extreme urban living condi-
tions and avert the social consequences
of rising unemployment. When the dic-
tatorships socio-economical agenda
(Catholic family at the centre and as the
unit of society, individual home-owner-
ship as the guarantor of stability, the cot-
tage as a possible urban counterpart to
the pastoral village way of life) found
able Deutcher Werkbund-inspired civil
service architects (Lino, Correia, Azeve-
do), some fine examples of low-density
to (Amial) had a corollary in the capitals
Alvalade scheme (Costa & Jacobetty The question of cism; cue the 1940s textbook composi-
tions of historicist pseudo-grandeur
towards the driving forces of economy
tourism, private enterprise, develop-
verting them with their own, modest ur-
ban design proposals (Parnaso building
ernism by the public authorities, the
construction industry and social groups Popularized, structural grid, full-width balconies, ce-
ramic grilles and cladding) became the
Left Arch. Alberto Jos Pessoa (1919-
1985), Hernni Gandra (1914-1988) and
housing were built throughout the coun-
try. Modernist, existenzminimum house
1945), a city-within-the-city with house
types honed to Alexandre Kleins prin-
the national vs. (quoting 18th-century motifs) and ru-
ralist picturesque (village-like tiled
ment of base industries whilst at the
same time the public sector agents (of-
in Porto, Loureiro 1954; guas Livres
block in Lisbon, Teotnio & Cabral 1953-
eager for novelty. The apex of this shift
towards modernist living materialized
mass-scale default. Even then, however, popular-
ized, mass-scale modernism in Portugal
Joo Abel Manta (b. 1928), Avenida
layouts were studied and typified, urban ciples and with streetscapes modelled the universal eaves and shutters transplanted to the ficials, planners) tangibly changed to 55). Inner-city renewal models were ex- itself in the most important mid-century modernism in was not like that of Spain, Italy, Greece
Infante Santo residential complex, Lisbon.
1954-1959. Estdio Novais, n.d. [196-]. FCG/BA
design expressed an interest in the pic-
turesque (sweeping roads, careful use
on Dutch and German examples.
Meanwhile through private sector
was manipulated city) in bourgeoisie apartment build-
ings whose layouts were as convention-
foster architectural, as much as eco-
nomical, modernization. Speculative
plored, mostly through public design
commissions built by private enterprise;
housing scheme in Portugal, the Olivais
housing complex with a capacity of
Portugal was not or Lebanon. While it may seem univer-
sal at a glance, this is a local architec-
throughout the
Upper right Arch. Cassiano Branco (1897-
of topography), and compositions trans- commissions, speculative housing pro- al as those of their predecessors. Yet residential architecture was encour- some stood out for their dramatic siting 50.000 residents (1955-66), whose like that of Spain, ture: because skills and materials, build- 1970), Avenida lvares Cabral 34-36 and
lated Portugueseness for the masses,
while often being built with local skills
jects were filling the gaps of the con-
solidated city centres. In 1930s high-
century, with a their staid conservative lexicon, trying
hard to be Portuguese, was not merely
aged in towns and cities, and public-
sponsored schemes (state, municipal,
and use of public art (Fig. 3). Extensions
of 1940s neighbourhoods in Lisbon (Al-
architecture, evolving throughout a dec-
ade of important changes, echoed nota-
Italy, Greece or ing codes and planning procedures,
families and developers are different
44-48, Lisbon. 1935-1937 Estdio Novais, n.d.
[197-] FCG/BA
and materials: a nationalistic regional- density, moderne blocks of flats, mixed strong underlying political it had counterparts across mutual, subsidized) grew in scale and valade sector 8, Athoguia & Sanchez bly the Italian influence in Portuguese Lebanon. While seen up close, the buildings are differ-
ism (the diversity of Portuguese regions
being responsible for creating national
construction methods blended stone
masonry walls with the occasional con-
drive for expressing Europe, under fascism (Spain) and de-
mocracy (England, Belgium, France,
ambition, as intense urbanization re-
sponded to a growing Housing Prob-
1949-55) and newly-created extensions
in Porto (Ramalde, Tvora 1952-60) sig-
1960s culture. When industrial-scale
modernism took over the suburbs in the
it may seem ent. The universal adoption of a single
modern language in twentieth century
Bottom Right Arch. Armnio Losa (1908-
1988) and Cassiano Barbosa (1911-1998),
identity) that was not merely formal but crete elements (slabs, staircases), while identity emerging Switzerland). lem fed by rural exodus. Lisbon and nalled not only the commitment of their 1970s, cast-in-situ reinforced concrete universal, this is a architecture is an over-generalization Rua da Boavista 571-584 (Bloco da
was also reflected in structure and tech-
nology. Metropolitan schemes in Lisbon
skilfully executed faades took full ad-
vantage of chiaroscuro effects (Fig. 1). regularly Postwar Portugal saw a gradual with-
drawal of the state from conservative
Porto were densified with mid-rise
apartment blocks, either inserted along
designers to be in synch with recent
global developments, but also a clear
became the new traditional form of
construction in Portugal and typical local architecture that can be unpacked, in each specific
context, through close-to-the-grain ex-
Carvalhosa), Porto. 1945-1950
Estdio Novais, n.d. [195-]. FCG/BA
(Serafina, Alvito, Encarnao) and Por- This jazzy exuberance prompted criti- formal dictates and a pragmatic shift conventional street fronts (Fig. 2) or sub- support for the cause of post-war mod- modern formal solutions (exposed amination.
6 NEWS FROM PORTUGAL Homeland, June, 2014 Homeland, June, 2014 NEWS FROM PORTUGAL 7
Modern Housing Types 1914-2014 Porto 0 5 10

Lisbon
OOTTO AUTODESK
1918 1954 1973 1987 1920 1937 1950s 19531956
CREATO CON LA VERSIONE DIDATTICA DI UN PRODOTTO AUTODESK

AUTODESK
Social Neighbourhood Carlos Loureiro lvaro Siza Rogrio Cavaca Frederico Caetano de Camacho Cassiano Branco Srgio Botelho de Nuno Teotnio Pereira,
Sidnio Pais (Arrbida Social Parnaso Building, Rua Nossa SAAL: Cooperativa guas COOP: O Lar do Trabalhador, Arco do Cego neighbourhood Rua Nova de So Mamede 7 Andrade Gomes Bartolomeu Costa Cabral
Neighbourhood), Rua Professor Senhora de Ftima, 231 / Rua de Frreas (Boua Neighbourhood), Rua Sol Poente, 9-139, Rua Diogo Rua Quatro de Infantaria 85 guas Livres Block, Praa
Ablio Cardoso, Porto Oliveira Monteiro 471-497, Porto Rua guas Frreas, Porto de Silves, Lea da Palmeira das Aguas Livres, Lisbon
Planta 2
Groundfloor Plan
First Floor Plan

Planta 2
Typical Floor Plan Typical Floor Plan
LOUREIRO Jos Carlos_Edifcio Parnaso_1 500
1925
Planta Tipo 3 Piso 1:500
19381947 19511954
Third Floor Plan
Planta 2
Jos Marques da Silva
Rua de Alexandre Braga Terrace Floor Plan
94, Porto Planta 1 Typical Floor Plan Paulino Montez Ruy Athouguia, Sebastio
Social neighbourhood Alvito Formosinho
1962
N 07
CON LA VERSIONE DIDATTICA DI UN PRODOTTO AUTODESK Neighbourhood das Estacas,

CON LA VERSIONE DIDATTICA DI UN PRODOTTO AUTODESK
Alvalade
Famil ias de Operar io" | 1:500
Typical Floor Plan
Famil ias de Operar io" | 1:500
A. Ricca, J. Serdio, J. Carneiro,
1931
J. Carlos Magalhes
Boavista's Residential Park (Foco),
Secon Floor Plan Av. da Boavista 1980-2118, Rua Planta 1
1956
Fernando Pessoa, Rua Eugnio Rodrigues Lima
4th Floor Plan
de Castro, Porto Block, Rua Almeida e Sousa, 57, 59, 61;
Rua Azedo Gneco, 66
1935
Henrique Albino, Nuno Craveiro
Lopes, Jos Croft de Moura
Planta 1 Av. Estados Unidos da Amrica
123/127, Lisbon
CREATO
Janurio Godinho
CREATOCON
Planta tipo - piso 2
Small Neighbourhood forThirty

Worker Families, Rua Arquitecto First Floor Plan Ground Floor Plan
Marques da Silva 193-259, Porto

CONLA
Planta 0 3th Floor Plan

1:500
LAVERSIONE
1979
Duplex Houses
VERSIONEDIDATTICA
Ground Floor Plan First Floor Plan
1990
Manuel Fernandes
COOP: Aldoar Housing Complex (1st phase),
DIDATTICADIDIUN
Rua de Drdio Gomes, Porto

Planta 0
lvaro Siza, Antnio Madureira
Boavista Residential Building (Avis), Typical Floor Plan
Rua Pedro Homem de Melo 462-376,
Rua Jos Gomes Ferreira, Porto Typical Floor Plan
UNPRODOTTO
1947
Planta 0
PRODOTTOAUTODESK

Floor Plan (1, 3, 5, 7, 9)
Jos Segurado,Joaquim
Ferreira,GuilhermeGomes,
AUTODESK
First Floor Plan

Filipe Figueiredo
Typical Floor Plan
First Floor Plan Rua Cervantes 4/8, Areeiro
19591968
1932
Nuno Portas, Bartolomeu
Typical Floor Plan Costa Cabral
Rua Cidade de Negage 193,
Eng. Jacinto Robalo, Olivais South, Lisbon
Gaveto, Colnias neighbourhood
CREATO CON LA V Rua Macau 1, Rua Timor 2
Ground Floor Plan

1964
Sergio Fernandez, Pedro Ramalho
CREATO CON LA VERSIONE DIDATTICA DI UN PRODOTTO AUT Pasteleira Neighbourhood 5 housing
15. Edifcio de Habitao da Boavista (Aviz)
CREATO CON LA VERSIONE DIDATTICA DI UN PRODOTTO AUT

buildings, Block E, Rua Joo Baptista
CREATO CON 09. Bairro 33,
Lavanha da Pasteleira
Block P QBloco P / Pedro
R, Rua Q/R 16_SOUTO moura_Edific
io Rua do Teatro
1950
Pedro Ramalho
Escobar 26-148,e Srgio
Porto Fernandez esc 1:500 A4
esc. 1.500
Duplex Houses
Fernando Tvora Upper Floor Plan Lower Floor Plan
Ramalde's Housing Unit, Rua
Doutor Vasco Valente 28-170, Porto
Aldoar
Habitacional Aldoar
1953
lvaro Siza
esc. 1.500
09. Bairro da Pasteleira Bloco E

11.Bloco Habitacional
Typical Floor Plan

Piso Tipo
Pedro Ramalho e Srgio Fernandez

Fernandes
Manuel Fernandes
1.500
esc. 1.500
Henrique Taveira
Av. So Joo de Deus 7, Areeiro
1.500
esc. 1.500
Typical Floor Plan

tipo00
tipo1
11.Bloco
Pisotipo1
Manuel
Pisotipo
1934
1.500
1.500
1.500
1.500
esc.
Piso
Piso
First Floor Plan Ground Floor Plan
1992
Joo Simo
Rua Carlos Mardel,
104/112, Alameda Typical Floor Plan
Eduardo Souto de Moura

Rua do Teatro 156, Porto
Typical Floor Plan
Typical Floor Plan

Piso tipo
1.500
Typical Floor Plan First Floor Plan Typical Floor Plan

First Floor Plan
Second Floor Plan
Piso tipo
1.500
8 NEWS FROM PORTUGAL CREATO CON LA VERSIONE DIDATTICA DI UN PRODOTTO AUTODESK Homeland, June 2014 Homeland, June 2014 NEWS FROM PORTUGAL 9
N 22 N 30
Modern Housing Types 1914-2014 Porto Lisbon

EDIFCIO PALCIO DA ENSEADA I ALCINO SOUTINHO
1.5000
EDIFCIO ATLNTICO TERESA FONSECA

0 5 10
1995 1998 2005 2010 1960-1964 19711975 1982
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

Joo lvaro Rocha Teresa Fonseca Alcino Soutinho VA Studio Vitor Figueiredo, Vasco Lobo Gonalo Byrne e Antnio Rodrigo Rau
Seara Housing Complex, Atlntico
CREATO CONBuilding, Rua deDIDATTICA
LA VERSIONE Brito CapeloDI1288-1356,
UN PRODOTTO AUTODESK Palcio da Enseada, Av. da MD housing, Rua Guedes de Amorim, Rua Cidade de Vila Cabral, Reis Cabrita, Complex Pink Block C1 C2 EPUL, Telheiras,
Rua Seara 380-562, Matosinhos Rua Roberto Ivens 1263-1321, Matosinhos Repblica, Rua Heris de Frana, Rua Pilar, Vila Nova de Gaia Olivais South Panther, Rua Lus Cristino da Rua Prof. Joo Barreira 10/18, Lisbon
Rua Carlos Carvalho, Matosinhos Silva, Neighbourhood dos Cios,
esc. 1.500
22. Edifcio Atlntico

Teresa Fonseca
Marvila
1.500
Piso Tipo



18. Conjunto Habitacional de Matosinhos

esc. 1.500
Joo lvaro Rocha
1.500
1.500
Piso tipo
Piso tipo
18. Conjunto Habitacional de Matosinhos

esc. 1.500
Joo lvaro Rocha
1.500
Piso tipo
Typical Floor Plan

35. Habitaes em Serralves

Andr Fernandes
esc. 1.5000
1984

Antnio Pardal Monteiro

Benguela Building, Rua Cndido
Typical Floor Plan
de Figueiredo 91, Benfica, Lisbon
19 Typical Floor Plan
BEIRO Helder Casal I Conjunto Hab. Fontainhas

000
1996
Hlder Casal Ribeiro, Ana Sousa Costa
2nd Floor Plan
Fontainhas Housing Complex, Rua So Dionsio 191, PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT
25. Edifcio Stira

Rua dos Manjericos 57, Porto
2011 PRODUCT
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL
1973
Paula Santos
Fernando Silva
Typical Floor Plan Andr Fernandes Rua das Amoreiras 72, Lisbon
Rua Professor Augusto Nobre 479, Porto

esc. 1.5000 32_VELOSO Carlos_Conj Hab Travessa dos Salgueiros
1999 CREATO CON LA VERSIONE DIDATTICA DI UN PRODOTTO AUTODESK

Alcino Soutinho
esc 1:5000 A4 Typical Floor Plan
Quinta das Sedas, Rua Joo Rosa,

Avenida Fabril Norte 127-180, Matosinhos
1.500 1.500 1.500 1.500 1.500 1.500 1.500 1.500

19611967
30. Palcio da Enseada
Piso 3 Piso 2 Piso 1 Piso 0 Piso 3 Piso 2 Piso 1 Piso 0

Manuel Tanha Typical Floor Plan Second Floor Plan
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT Rua Cidade de Luanda, Olivais South

Alcino Soutinho
31.Edifcio Avenida Menres

esc. 1.500
Typical Floor Plan

Piso tipo
1973 1988
1.500

A2G
CREATO CON LA VERSIONE DIDATTICA DI UN PRODOTTO AUTODESK 1st Floor Plan
1.500 1.500 1.500 1.500 1.500 1.500 1.500 1.500
2007
Piso 3 Piso 3 Piso 2 Piso 2 Piso 1 Piso 1 Piso 0 Piso 0 Francisco Silva Dias, Antnio Manuel
Conceio Silva
esc. 1.5000
1st Floor Plan 3rd Floor Plan
Pinto Ferreira Gomes, Ana Salta
Towers, Av. Dom Lus/Rua Pinheiro Social Neighbourhood Alto do Moinho, Alfragide
Borges, Alfragide

A2G Arquitectura
Av. Menres, 681-691, Rua

CREATO CON LA VERSIONE DIDATTICA DI UN PRODOTTO AUTODESK Conselheiro Costa Braga 323-341,
Ground Floor Plan
Matosinhos

1.500 LA VERSIONE DIDATTICA DI UN PRODOTTO AUTODESK
CREATO CON
Piso tipo
Ground Floor Plan 2nd Floor Plan
1997
Ground Floor Plan
2001
Eduardo Souto de Moura,
Maia Block, Praceta Cavada, Rua Professor esc. 1.500 esc. 1.500 Ground Floor Plan
2011
Carolina de Freitas Soares Carvalho, Maia Paula Santos Paula Santos Typical Floor Plan
Adalberto Dias
25. Edifcio Stira 25. Edifcio Stira
Block Casas Brancas,
Rua Orfeo do Porto, 50-92, Porto deMM Arquitetura
Typical Floor Plan
Living Foz Building, Rua Bartolomeu
19751978 19931997
Velho 689, Porto
1964
Typical Floor Plan
esc. 1.500
esc. 1.500 Toms Taveira Promontrio Architects
SantosSantos
Paula Paula Praa Dr. Fernando Amado 571, Rua Fernando Namora 38,
25. Edifcio Stira Stira
25. Edifcio
Raul Choro Ramalho, Condado Neighbourhood, Marvila Telheiras, Lisbon
2007
Ral Santiago Pinto
Rua Cidade da Praia 371,
Olivais South
AVA Arquitectos
Travessa de Salgueiro 196, Rua
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL
de Cervantes 412-414, Porto

BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT
esc. 1.500
Typical Floor Plan
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONA
Typical Floor Plan A2G

31.Edifcio Avenida Menres

Typical Floor Plan
Duplex Houses
Upper Floor Plan
Typical Floor Plan Lower Floor Plan

Typical Floor Plan
Typical Floor Plan

Modern Housing Exteriors 19142014 Porto Lisbon
1934
1918 Social Neighbourhood Sidnio Pais (Arrbida Social
Neighbourhood), Rua Professor Ablio Cardoso, Porto 1935 Janurio Godinho, Small Neighbourhood for Thirty Worker
Families, Rua Arquitecto Marques da Silva 193-259, Porto 1950 Fernando Tvora, Ramalde's Housing Unit, Rua Doutor Vasco
Valente 28-170, Porto 1920 Edmundo Tavares and Frederico Caetano de Camacho,
Arco do Cego Neighbourhood, Rua Barbosa Colen
3 and 4, Lisbon
1931 Rodrigues Lima, Block, Rua Almeida e Sousa, 57, 59, 61;
Rua Azedo Gneco, 66, Lisbon 1932 Eng. Jacinto Robalo, Gaveto, Colnias Neighbourhood
Rua Macau 1, Rua Timor 2, Lisbon
1954 Carlos Loureiro, Parnaso Building, Rua Nossa Senhora de

Ftima, 231 / Rua de Oliveira Monteiro 471-497, Porto 1964 Sergio Fernandez, Pedro Ramalho, Pasteleira Neighbourhood-
5 house buildings, Block E, Rua Joo Baptista Lavanha 33,
Block P Q R, Rua Pedro Escobar 26-148, Porto
1973 lvaro Siza, SAAL: Cooperativa guas Frreas (Boua
Neighbourhood), Rua guas Frreas, Porto 1934 Joo Simo, Rua Carlos Mardel, 104/112, Alameda, Lisbon
1938-1947 Paulino Montez, Social neighbourhood Alvito,
Lisbon 1947 Jos Segurado,Joaquim Ferreira,GuilhermeGomes,
Filipe Figueiredo, Rua Cervantes 4/8, Areeiro
1979 Manuel Fernandes, Aldoar Housing Complex (1st phase),

Rua de Drdio Gomes, Porto 1987 Rogrio Cavaca, COOP: O Lar do Trabalhador, Rua Sol
Poente, 9-139, Rua Diogo de Silves, Lea da Palmeira 1992 Eduardo Souto de Moura, Rua do Teatro 156, Porto
1951-1954 Ruy Athouguia, Sebastio Formosinho Estacas
Neighbourhood, Alvalade 1953-1956 Nuno Teotnio Pereira, Bartolomeu Costa
Cabral guas Livres Block, Praa Das guas
Livres, Lisbon
1959-1968 Nuno Portas, Bartolomeu Costa Cabral
Rua Cidade de Negage 193, Olivais South, Lisbon
1996 Hlder Casal Ribeiro, Ana Sousa Costa,

Fontainhas Housing Complex, Rua So Dionsio 191,
Rua dos Manjericos 57, Porto
1998 Teresa Fonseca, Block Atlntico, Rua de Brito Capelo
1288-1356, Rua Roberto Ivens 1263-1321, Matosinhos 1999 Paula Santos, Stira Building, Rua Direita
de Campinas 341, Porto 1960-1964 Vitor Figueiredo, Vasco Lobo
Rua Cidade de Vila Cabral, Olivais
South, Lisbon
1961-1967 Manuel Tainha, Rua Cidade de Luanda,
Olivais South, Lisbon 1963 J. Scio, Rua Padre Francisco Alvares 1c/2b, Lisbon
2001 2007 2007 1973 1971-1975 1975-1978

Adalberto Dias, Block Casas Brancas, A2G Arquitectura, Av. Menres, 681-691, Rua Conselheiro AVA Arquitectos, Travessa de Salgueiro 196, Frederico
Conceio Caetano
Silva deAv.
Towers, Camacho
Dom Lus/Rua Pinheiro Borges, Gonalo
Frederico Byrne
Caetano de eCamacho
Antnio Reis Cabrita, Complex Frederico Caetano
Toms de Camacho
Taveira Praa Dr. Fernando Amado 571,
Rua Orfeo do Porto, 50-92, Porto Rua de Cervantes 412-414, Porto Arco do Cego neighbourhood
Alfragide Pink neighbourhood
Arco do Cego Panther, Rua Lus Cristino da Silva, Arco do Cego neighbourhood
Condado Neighbourhood, Marvila
Costa Braga 323-341, Matosinhos
Neighbourhood dos Cios, Marvila
2010 VA Studio, MD housing, Rua Guedes de Amorim,

Rua Pilar, Vila Nova de Gaia 2011 Andr Fernandes, Rua Professor Augusto Nobre 479, Porto
2011 deMM Arquitetura, Living Foz Building, Rua Bartolomeu
Velho 689, Porto 1984 Antnio Pardal Monteiro, Benguela Building,
Rua Cndido de Figueiredo 91, Benfica, Lisbon 1988 Francisco Silva Dias, Antnio Manuel Pinto Ferreira Gomes,
Ana Salta, Social Neighbourhood Alto do Moinho, Alfragide 1993-1997Frederico
Arco do 38,
Cego
Caetano de
Promontrio Camacho
Architects,
neighbourhood
Telheiras, Lisbon
Rua Fernando Namora
Modern Housing Interiors 19142014 Porto 0 1 2 5

Lisbon
1918 1950 1964 1920 1931 1956
Social Neighbourhood Sidnio Pais Fernando Tvora Sergio Fernandez, Pedro Ramalho Edmundo Tavares and Frederico Rodrigues Lima Nuno Teotnio Pereira, Bartolomeu
(Arrbida social Neighbourhood), Ramalde's Housing Unit, Rua Doutor Pasteleira Neighbourhood 5 housing Caetano de Camacho, Arco do Cego Block, Rua Almeida e Sousa, 57, 59, 61; Costa Cabral guas Livres Block, Praa
Rua Professor Ablio Cardoso, Porto Vasco Valente 28-170, Porto buildings, Block E, Rua Joo Baptista Neighbourhood, Rua Barbosa Colen Rua Azedo Gneco, 66, Lisbon das guas Livres, Lisbon
Lavanha 33, Porto 3 and 4, Lisbon
Typical Floor Plan Floor 0 and 1 Typical Floor Plan Typical Floor Plan
Typical Floor Plan Typical Floor Plan Floor Plan 1,3,5,7,9
1973 1992 2011 1959- 1973 1993-

lvaro Siza Eduardo Souto de Moura deMM Arquitetura Nuno Portas, Bartolomeu Conceio Silva Promontrio Architects
SAAL: Cooperativa guas Frreas Rua do Teatro 156, Porto Living Foz Building, Rua Bartolomeu Costa Cabral Towers, Av. Dom Lus, Rua Fernando Namora 38,
1997
(Boua Neighbourhood), Rua guas Rua Pinheiro Borges, Alfragide Telheiras, Lisbon
1968
Velho 689, Porto Rua Cidade de Negage 193, Olivais
Frreas, Porto South, Lisbon
ODUCEDPRODUCED
BY AN AUTODESK
BY AN AUTODESK
EDUCATIONAL
EDUCATIONAL
PRODUCT PRODUCT
0
varo
a | 1:100
| Bairro da Boua | 1:100
36_dEMM Arquitectura_Edific io Living Foz

esc 1:100 A4
16_SOUTO moura_Edific io Rua do Teatro
esc 1/100 A4
o 0 e Piso 1 | 1:100
BY AN AUTODESK
BY AN AUTODESK
PRODUCEDPRODUCED PRODUCT PRODU
EDUCATIONAL
EDUCATIONAL
Typical Floor Plan Floor 0 and 1 Typical Floor Plan Typical Floor Plan Typical Floor Plan Typical Floor Plan, Block B DUPLEX HOUSES Lower Floor Plan / DUPLEX HOUSES Upper Floor Plan
Planta tipo - piso 4

1:100 Scientific support: Faculty of Architectureof theUniversity of Porto(FAUP), Study Centre of Architecture and Urbanism (CEAU), Atlas da Casa - Housing architectural design and forms of dwelling (AdC). Faculty of Architecture of the University of Lisbon (FAUL), Associate
Planta tipo - piso 1 Professor Carlos Lameiro. Survey and drawings: Antnio Faria, Carolina Sumares, Joana Coutinho, Joana Oliveira, Joo Simes, Marta Onofre, Pedro Silva, Pedro Vicente, Sara Neves, Zara Ferreira. Pictures: A2G Aquitectura, Adalberto Dias, Alcino Soutinho, Ana Sousa da Costa
1:100 & Helder, Casal Ribeiro, Andr Fernandes, Antnio Faria, AVA Arquitectos, Joana Coutinho, Joo Simes, Manuel Correia Fernandes, Paula Santos, Rogrio Cavaca, Teresa Fonseca, VA Studio
Temporary Temporary
porto city hall
1914/2014 What Language do We Speak? /Mariana Pestana and Pedro Bandeira paulo cunha e silva
1924
Adolf Loos
1960 (circa)
Erno Goldfinger
1976
Aldo Rossi
Exemplary actions act 1992
Peter Eisenman
1994
Rem Koolhaas & guilherme blanc
One can write the The architects medium ... is Logical thought is thinking as both the expression of The electronic paradigm More than ever, the city is all Alderman & Deputy
Parthenon drawings and drawings only in words. Analogical thought and the catalyst for the directs a powerful challenge we have
environmental crisis, while
A new
is archaic, unexpressed, to architecture because it
and practically inexpressible they combine, in a guerilla defines reality in terms of 2007
Bernardo Rodrigues
1954
Philip Johnson
1975
Colin Rowe and Fred Koetter in words tactic, useful immediacy with media and simulation, it values
exemplarity, everyday life Press is More
You cant learn architecture Collage is a method deriving appearance over existence,
political
any more than you can learn its virtue from irony, because with awareness what can be seen over what is
Bernard Tschumi
a sense of music or painting. it seems to be a technique There is no architecture
You shouldnt talk about art, for using things and without action, no 1993
habitation
1980
you should do it simultaneously disbelieving architecture Site Lebbeus Woods
in them, it is also a strategy without event, no Architecture is the subject I declare war on all icons
which can allow utopia to be architecture without matter or raw material of and finalities, on all histories
dealt with as image program art, and not the objective of that would chain me with my
a design process own falseness, my own pitiful
fears
F
It is vital to reassess the city from a less rigid perspective, offering new lexicons Numbers
rom the perspective of political
of hospitality, considering the transitory flows of its inhabitants
75%
genetics, the subject matter of
Enacting
temporary habitation is mani-
festly pertinent: a term of office
is in itself a transitory inhabita-
tion, one that coexists with the
passing of time and its ever-
reduction in the number of changing circumstances. In the
residents in the last 50 years course of a term of office, those who in-
Number of residents living in the habit the political space must answer
the transitory
inner city boroughs has dropped from effectively challenges of flexible,
21,072 to 4,260 in 50 years. This prompt and incisive adaptation and cre-
shows that the urban fabric of the city ation, to ensure the timely implementa-
can accommodate 4 to 5 times the tion of their vision, and respective ac-
population density that it has today. tion and maintenance mechanisms,
without losing sight of their time to
leave office.
The Porto city project that integrates
350,000 m2
Inside-out: The wide scale of the window panes opens up to the outside world Nuno Fangueiro
Meanwhile inhabitants
the Portuguese representation in this
Biennale addresses a number of propos-
als (and concerns) that coincide with
the way we inhabit the new Culture De-
partment of the Municipality of Porto.
out of a total of 1,030,000m2
Artistic residencies, internationaliza-
MARIANA PESTANA of the building stock of
tion projects, space for cultural think-
the inner city is in urgent
ing and decentralization all distin-
The modes of dwelling have changed

need of repairs
According to a 2010 survey, it was
Turning the on-hold condition of the buildings use into an advantage, making guishing traits of the intervention by
Like Architects and Mariana Pestana
over the years in Portugal, partly due
to sociological transformations of fam-
estimated that more than a third of
the buildings in the citys historical
place for transitory residents tie in perfectly with our strategy.
In fact, knowing how to coexist with
ilies, increased flexibility of working centre required works. the complexities of time in the contem-
conditions, and shortage of distances. porary city means understanding the
Transience is a symptom of the post- risks for the relationship between the
modern society and it requires that the inhabitants of common spaces houses,
25,833
city be reassessed from a less rigid per- streets, cities, the country. In the words
spective: considering the architectural of Ulrich Beck, any attempt to create a
typologies and the morphology of the social cohesion model has to start from
city as ever transforming entities. the recognition that individualism is
Should the city through which such written into Western society; from its
transit flows be offering new lexicons fatalistic character, to quote Bauman.
vacant dwellings in PORTO
of hospitality? Our new residence is the stage for the where over 10% of the population lives The same applies to political practice.
The number of vacant buildings
If you have visited Porto you will LIKE ARCHITECTS project, an inhabited scenography that in council flats, we will be discussing Isolation, disjunction and closed inter-
have felt bewildered by the extent of in the city (according to the latest
information collected by the national
uses banal objects, such as a coffee ma- Besides the the relevance of this type housing mod- pretation of social phenomena are the
derelict buildings populating the city chine or a wall clock, to replicate a el from the perspective of an estate lo- hazards of political habitation.
centre. You might have also noticed the institute of statistics) is disturbing,
given that in Porto more than 10%
With the aim of drawing attention to homely environment. As in any other destabilizing cated in the eastern side of the city. Given that the goals of this project
growing offer of short-term accommo-
dation: hotels and hostels for all pock- of the population lives in council
the issue of temporary housing in Por-
to, we decided to inhabit a vacant shop
dwelling, meals are to be the main so-
cial gatherings, so most meetings and effect of living The series closes with a proposition-
al final week, where we will organise
match those envisioned by the Depart-
ment, we have embraced it without hes-
housing and there are currently
ets taking over the heart of the city,
conquering vacant houses and acceler- 330 families that meet the criteria
in Porto for one month. The idea is to
experience temporary housing from
debates will happen at breakfast,
lunch, dinner and supper.
behind a shop our findings from the previous weeks
and have an open discussion focused
itation. But we did not do it alone. Our
participation in this representation de-
ating their refurbishment to host tour- for these benefits but are still on a
waiting list for a house.
within, and to open up the debate about Each of the four weeks of the occupa- window our choice on exploring new housing solutions parts from a particular understanding
ists. To a certain extent, the private the problems and solutions it entails. tion, taking place between June and more suited to a shifting and transi- of political habitation: one that is car-
market of hospitality is driving the re- From our new address, we will invite July, will be focused on a relevant issue of residence tory society: New models of tempo- ried out with an open door, inviting dia-
generation of the city centre. While the citys stakeholders to identify op- concerning the subject of temporary
manifests a desire rary housing. logue between the executive team,
166
this may seem positive, given that the portunities and debate ideas that could housing in Porto. In order to find con- Besides the roundtables, thinktanks which in this case results in a joint ac-
future of many buildings might escape
the current desertification, the trans-
Outside-in: The spatial formality of a former bank is to be domesticated through a 30 day long action Nuno Fangueiro
materialize into real solutions.
Besides the destabilizing effect of liv-
crete ideas for action, we will gather
the perspectives from several agents of
to establish a close and public forums, every theme will
be complemented with a visit to a par-
tion between three Departments Cul-
ture, Urban Planning and Social Action.
formation provided by tourism is most- taking action. Instead of observing sions over dinner. The domesticity of ing behind a shop window, our choice the city, including residents, policy- connection with ticular site that embodies the issues Once we understood the architects
ly led by economic rules of profit. It is
therefore urgent that architects and
from a distance and theorizing about
the ways in which the city hosts tempo-
It is therefore the space is constructed through in-
habitation, step by step. It is in the suc-
of residence represents a desire to es-
tablish a closer connection with Portos
makers, councillors and property-own-
ers. Since the stage is a window to the Portos citizens being debated.
During the length of the project, we
ideas, we suggested they carried them
out in two different sites: one in Alia-
planners engage in this transforma-
tion, which is economic but also spa-
rary guests, they chose to become tem-
porary guests of the city themselves.
urgent that cession of encounters, acquisitions,
conversations, agreements and expe-
hostels & similar
types of accomodtion
citizens. By domesticating a commer-
cial space with a large storefront win-
city, anyone can join the discussion
spontaneously. All events will be open
will not only observe the city but also
be subject to intense observation by
dos, in the heart of the historical cen-
tre; and the other in a depressed and
architects
,
tial, social and political. To experience it from within, to per- riences that the typology of the space This number is likely dow we wish to involve the city in ac- to the public and anounced in due time. istic boom, and consequent price spec- its inhabitants. By temporarily isolated council housing estate. The
to double in the next few years.
We may have become accustomed to
thinking of hospitality as a word be-
form the subject of their research. By
enacting the very condition that is be- and planners morphs, gradually converting from
shop to house. Along this process the
tive debate, bringing the Venice Bien-
nale to the centre of Porto. For the first
On week 1, we will discuss the prolif-
eration of vacant properties in the city:
ulation, on Portos historic centre:
Hotels & hostels: the impact of tem-
blurring the boundaries between pub-
lic and private space, our aim is to
reason was that the city affords places
that are absolutely distinct in their so-
longing to the jargon of tourism ing investigated, they hope that they engage in this city lets itself be subject to the renova- time ever, many of the citys inhabit- Vacant buildings: is temporary hous- porary residents on the life of the city. destabilize our neighbours assump- cial and urban morphology, butshare
284
schools, institutions and hotel man- might become more conscious of the tion of one of its buildings: 66-68 Ave- ants will be able to take part in this in- ing a solution for (re)occuption?. On week 3, we will focus on the theme tions and convictions, inviting them a common pathology: that of aban-
agement. However, the act of giving challenges and opportunities that transformation, nida dos Aliados. The four inhabitants ternational event, because it will be On week 2, our aim is to forecast the Social Housing: when temporary so- to a more critical participation in the doned housing, a trend that has con-
shelter contains very significant ethi- transitory accommodation entails. who are also architects are in happening just across their street. impact and effects of the recent tour- lutions become permanent. In a city act of city making. taminated Porto in the last few decades
cal dimensions, as the philosopher In opposition to the reality and au- which is economic charge of the renovation. and is probably one of the most serious
Jacques Derrida pointed out in many thenticity of buildings, the architectur-
but also spatial, They act as temporary guests of problems we face today, whose social
The project location, length, programme, and public reach

of his writings. When architects design al historian Adrian Forty describes ver- the city. Porto welcomes them for a de- and economic consequences we are still
dwelling typologies they inevitably en-
gage with the politics of dwelling, such
bal language as something fictional by
nature. As you might have noted al-
social and political termined period of time and grants
them permission to rule a delimited
284 new applications for
hostels & similar types
struggling to estimate.
In addition to holding the future of
as the right to dwell, or the determina- ready, we begin this proposal with an territory. They domesticate it and of accommodation Portuguese families captive, contribut-
30 66/68
Out of these, 63 are currently
tion of who is dwelling where. The con-
ceptual articulation between the vari-
oxymoron. Not unlike many modernist
architects, we manifest our unwilling-
make it their own and in doing so they
become more than guests for they mas- under construction, and 199 have 4 Main themes +50 Guests ing to their growing debt and the cur-
rent crisis, the notion of perennial hab-
been registered. Vacant buildings: is temporary housing Including some of the
ous dimensions of that which is a fun- ness to talk through the use of words in ter a precise terrain, which is governed itation has prevented the devising of
a solution for (re)occupation?, Hotels & citys decision makers, tem-
damental value of the contemporary this newspaper. Unable to replace the ing and being watched, by the city and by the city at large but entirely theirs models that are versatile enough to re-
hostels: the impact of temporary residents porary citizens and regular
condition, particularly relevant in the project in its authenticity, this text its inhabitants. From within, they ex- for a moment in time. The generous spond to social phenomena resulting
260,000
on the life of the city, Social Housing: when inhabitants that
Europe of today and absolutely vital as serves to set the scene and the general pose the practice of their everyday life, city gives them a place, a house, a bed. from a specific idea of time in the con-
temporary solutions become permanent will play an active part in
a resilient force of the Mediterranean plot of a story that will take place one making it subject to inspection, scru- And nonetheless I wonder watching temporary city.
and New models for temporary housing. the research project.
countries, concerns architects too. In week after the launch of this newspa- tiny and evaluation to others outside them face the loud bright city outside To act in accordance with the rhizo-
this project, the city works as a re- per. I invite you then to imagine, across the windowpane. Yet everyday, the the windowpane at night if they matic complexity of the city of Porto,
search laboratory of the conditions of my words, how hospitality might be boundary set by the window is crossed might at once foresee or maybe they Days Avenida dos Aliados, keeping a close eye on systems and
hospitality in the combination of its ju-
ridical, architectural, ethical and so-
cial forms. Four architects will share a
played out between the city of Porto, its
temporary inhabitants and their guests:
During thirty days, the four inhabit-
by the passage of insiders and outsid-
ers. It is the usual domestic affairs
what motivates such traffic and per-
will just suspect as a strange thought
that generates from the vulnerable in-
terior side of the glass, from the ex-
INHABITANTS IN PORTO
Porto is the second-largest city in
Portugal.
From the 22nd June
to the 21st July, 4
architects will live in
Porto, Portugal
The address where the research will
take place. 210m2 of prime shopfront
+351 222006898 symptoms within other systems and
symptoms is part of the way we inhabit
this Department. Bearing in mind that
house for thirty days in the centre of ants will domesticate an unused meability: from insiders leaving the posed perspective of the inner edge a temporary house (out of a 1200m2 commercial property) The telephone number of the closest public telephone, just outside our front door. the transience of our mission entails
Porto. Sympathizing with Mies Van ground floor retail unit exposed to the house to find nourishment or go for a that the city same city their city, in downtown Porto. will be domesticated. Call us if you have any questions! great responsibility.
Der Rohes modernist motto build, city through its large window. On dis- walk to outsiders entering the door to might be, after all, despite all, keeping
dont talk, their proposal consists in play, the inhabitants are at once watch- participate in the programmed discus- them hostages instead.
Temporary Classified Advertising Society
wanted
Spontaneous
we need Ideas for new Architectural architecture
we need People who
have lived/live
modes of occupation of responses to the
symptoms of an
for temporary
in Porto on a
empty buildings ever-moving society,
where inhabitants
use in
temporary basis
In face of the vacant properties in the city centre of Porto.
live in transit. extreme
landscape
We are looking for testimonials
Needed required
and/or interviews from Casas de Abrigo, literally trans-
lawyers or lated as shelter houses, are
students, researchers, Researchers
isolated buildings that were
built over the centuries in the
academics Critical, radical, new breathtaking mountains of the
emigrants and artists but needed perspectives. Madeira Island. They were set-
tled in the dense woods in a no-
welcome contributions from People in the The rising presence Advertisement for a large urbanisation project on the outskirts of Lisbon published a few months before the Revolution of 74.
table way, solitary or in small
groups, electing high points and
any other circumstances of For developing field of law willing of tourism in the stunning views. Their typolo-
Houses for the happiest

gies are extremely functional
new glossaries, to participate centre of Porto and they are built with locally
temporary housing must be challenged! available materials like volcanic

dictionaries, in a series of stone and wood.
lexicons and workshops Its possible to group them
into three categories: spacious
vocabularies for shelter houses with areas rang-
families on Europe
i ng bet ween 250m 2 a nd
housing, adapted to 400m2 that would lodge travel-
the contemporary Experience and ers and researchers; the second
awareness of category were temporary hous-
liquid society. Private Property needed es for forest rangers and care-
takers of the levadas (irrigation
Law essential
Researchers canals); and lastly the small
humble shelters usually single-
from the Through marketing, the real estate market managed to spread new models
storey and about 25m2, used to
support agricultural works in
the mountains.
field of and housing types which became the standard for the general public
Academics from the architecture
field of sociology or urbanism SANDRA MARQUES
and doors, some columns, etc. family types has on the Portuguese en to these developments, recalling
recruitment PEREIRA
Could we not expected or even wish
that the media hype that has sur- In what way
society as a whole and, above all, its
changing social image: an image
either nationalistic and traditional
narratives or more european and
Willing to contribute with research Willing to Sociologist, researcher and

professor at DINMIA-CET/ISCTE-IUL, rounded architecture over the last
does the marked by a far greater acceptance modern ones. Through the re-
few decades would have translated of diversity and non-dominant branding the spaces of the house,
Current or past
University Institute of Lisbon
about notions of mobility, transit contribute itself into a respectable increase of

the populations architectural lit-
evolution of types, one that is a far cry from the
more universalist ideology on
giving them names such as the Sa-
lon, a lot more audacious that Liv-
their findings housing in
residents of Council
At the start of 1974, not long before eracy? Certainly we could, but no- which the modern house was origi- ing room. Through their slogans,
and flux in the [25 April] revolution, an adver- body is innocent in this story, not
Portugal mirror nally, and legitimately, founded. each going further than the previ- Palheiros, Cho da Ribeira
the context of the about flexible tisement for a high-rise housing es- even architects. That epidermic aspect of the ous one, in expressing the greatness
the evolution
Estates in Porto
tate in the outskirts of Lisbon sells Let us return to the aforemen- house, on the other hand has of the dream that was being sold.
contemporary society. and transitory houses to the happiest families in

Europe, the Portuguese. If at the
tioned questions to carry out an ex-
ercise: lets take apart the elements of Portuguese
changed a great deal, as much as
the country itself. Large modern es-
Little by little, this exuberance
becomes itself and anachronism.
models of time the slogan seemed ironic, to-

day, 40 years later and as Portugal,
of housing that most directly relate
to society. For starters, we have the society?
tates served the motto of the Revo-
lution perfectly with an architec-
By the turn of the century, the
Portuguese real-estate developer,
Studies developed in Portugal

Willing to be interviewed for housing.
one of the European countries
most punished by the crisis, strug-
floor plan, a houses most private as-
pect, it tells us mainly about the fam-
ture that promoted equality
flanked by slogans such as: a house
a latecomer to the atmosphere of
the international Starchitect sys-
particularly significant.
research purposes.Squatters, gles, the irony seems to be served
by the bucketful.
ily. As for the other elements, from
the building to the materials and guese family go far beyond this.
for every family or solve your
housing problem. In the late 80s
tem, realizes the commercial val-
ue of architecture. And architects
illegal inhabitants within the Even so, Ill venture into the ter-
ritory of the houses of our content-
the amenities, not forgetting the
slogans, they all refer to its more
Theres a lot of talk about new
types of family. As if overnight we
and throughout the following dec-
ade, equality became an anachro-
take to the limelight. Meanwhile,
there are signs that something is
ment. In what way does the evolu- public, visible and, lets face it, more transitioned from a society of pre- nism and gave way to a desire for a not quite right. It only really hits
city of Porto, who are interested tion of housing in Portugal mirror superficial side. For that very reason, dominantly heterosexual couples higher social status which would in 2008 and, for the Portuguese, Casa de Abrigo do Rabaal
open call
the evolution of Portuguese society? they prove to work better as vehicles with children, to a society where take shape in different ways. even more so in 2011. From that
in being interviewed for To what extent do the rhythms and
contents of their respective trans-
of ideology and overall environ-
ments, that capture the spirit of a
the majority of us are lone individu-
als, single-parents or blended fami-
Through buildings that claimed a
stake to this singularity either
moment on, we all know the story,
but the houses of our contentment
a research project. formations move in tandem? These given time or the state of mind of a lies, gay couples, etc. This is not ex- through form, some in a more Por- live on and remind us that once
Inhabitants from are overarching questions that call
for a clarification on the type of
nation at a particular moment.
What seems clear is that the most
actly the truth. What has changed
is the influence that each of these
tuguese style, and others more
post-modern or by the names giv-
upon a time we felt like the happi-
est families in Europe.
open call Anonymity safeguarded the city of Porto house I am referring to. I will be ad- profound transformations in hous-
We are willing to share their dressing mainly the type of housing
advertised in real-estate ads. Why?
ing are centred far more on this ep-
idermic aspect than on the floor
experiences. The 74 revolution opened Portu- plan, whose evolution has added lit-
Anyone interested Looking for gal up to the world, but the coun- tle to its reference matrix, which is
trys modernization was not still the modern one. The few chang-
in debating the Researchers achieved immediately. It was only es observed keep to a quantitative
when the country entered the then logic, oblivious to any morphologic
challenges that the Casa Levadeiros no Paul
current models of from any EEC that the Portuguese popula- innovation. In a certain way and re-
wanted tion would experience unprece-

dented improvements to their qual-
flecting the modus operandi of real-
estate developers, clinging to a mi- Most of these buildings are
housing face. academic ity of life. In this process, housing metic strategy of reproduction that precious examples of vernacu-
field
Applications and New social policies for played a leading role, owing largely
to the real-estate market boom. In
has proven to be successful, the ma-
jority of transformations in the
lar architecture where tradi-
tions emerged from a commu-
housing are necessary,
letters of interest particularly those
this context, advertising gained a
special part in disseminating cer-
house have translated into an in-
crease in the number of suites. It
nity and result in a spontaneous
process of repetition. After the
tain house models and ideals, trans- has followed a steady course that 1940 they were also influenced
concerned with notions
Willing to Should be posted to 66-68 Avenida dos
forming them into the average con- started in the master suite, and then by Estilo Estado Novo, an archi-
we need contribute their Aliados, 4050-065 Porto Portugal
of flexibility, mobility
and affordability.
sumers point of reference. This
would be an individual that does not
extended to the other bedrooms.
Add to this the guest toilet, located
tectural style developed in Por-
tugal that wanted to create a
read architecture magazines and in the houses more public area, and genuine Portuguese architec-
findings about rarely ever goes to exhibitions on in some cases the walk-in closet ture style.
Reflections about the transitory the subject. If asked to name Portu- which, in the most generous homes, Although anonymous, and to-
the precarious character of the
guese architects, he/she would
bring up no more than one or two,
is doubled, one for the husband and
one for the wife. Curiously, this
day most of them empty, these
houses attract hikers that nowa-
condition of the contemporary probably only the two Pritzker somewhat random evolution seems days easily reach the mountains.
transitory inhabitants wanted proposals for prize laureates often mentioned on to head towards an important Floor Plan clipping of a flagship 1990s residential development in Lisbon. The captions emphasise the generous
They could be listed as nation-
society. the television. If asked about his/her change in the life of the Portuguese: sizes of the rooms (i.e. the master bedroom) and on the objects of desire of that time, from the fireplace to the al cultural heritage, both for its
of the city. New ways of A new paradigm for transitory architectures, ideal house, the average consumer
will tend to keep to the realm of the
a growing appreciation of intimacy
within the family itself, which is re-
satellite dish.
Look how big our room is!; Look at the built-in wardrobes, and theyre fitted with drawers!; Have you noticed theres double
architectural features, history
and location. Could they also be
where the city is hospitable for all.
inhabiting the city. Portuguese house: a detached
house painted yellow or pink, with
flected in a desire for more privacy
by each of its members.
glazing and the window frames are by Technal?; Have a look at the kitchens Miele cabinets!; Ready to create the best recipes
in the world!; How do you like the world seen through satellite TV?; How about some white wine by the fireplace?; Have you
our dreams house?
Carolina Sumares
noticed how our living room is really spacious?; I feel safe with these armoured doors by Fichet
a tiled roof, stone-framed windows But the changes in the Portu-
Informal Informal
1914/2014 Informal Housing /Joana Pestana Lages burdens associated with house purchase Surplus Dwellings HOUSING NEEDS
1930s 1950s 1962/66 1969 1974-1976 1980s 1993 1995 2014 Decrease in the no. of home Owners with burdens in 2011 (in relation to the number of families) Decrease in the no. of dwellings needed Housing Overview in 2011
The rural flight as trigger Barracas, vilas and ilhas Repressing the informal From being passive to
taking control
Revolution and Right
to Housing
Densification of the
clandestines
Eradication of slums Urban requalification Thousands still waiting owners with financial burdens
1253342
The late process of The newcomers occupied A coercive displacement After entering the EU in Since 1995, due to a new Different types of
+45%
industrialization delayed vilas in Lisbon or ilhas due to the construction of In the 60s Brandoa became With the end of Salazars Post-colonial immigration 1986, slums became legal framework, responses have been
170000
the migration of the rural
poor to cities (mainly to
(islands) in Porto, very
small and overcrowded
the bridge over the River
Tagus, connecting Lisbon to
known for being the largest
clandestine neighbourhood
dictatorship in 1974, slum
dwellers started a claims
brought back over 1 million
people. In addition, the lack
unacceptable for political
leaders and public opinion.
thousands of dwellers of
the former clandestines
created in the last decades,
notwhitstanding laws,
2011 11%
Lisbon and Porto). Upon
arrival they found no
typologies. The construction
of a barraca (portuguese
Almada, forced 700 families
to literally transfer their
in Europe. With the collapse
of a 6-story building in
process all throughout the
country. Their slogan Casas
of housing public policies
generated a submarket
PER Rehousing Programme
targeted the eradication of
struggle with long and
bureaucratic processes for
regulations and planning
tools numerous territories
160000
24%
accommodation available, word for a shack in a slum) barraca, to an empty plot 1969, the passive attitude Sim, Barracas No! for informal housing, that barracas with the rehousing the urban requalification still waiting for intervention.
therefore building an on the outskirts of cities, owned by the municipality of the government gave (Yes to Houses, No to Slums) shaped the periphery of of thousands of families in and legalization of the Among those we find areas 150000
65%
informal shelter was the became an alternative. at the other end of the town, way to the first measures to echoed in the urban policies both Lisbon and Porto, massive housing blocks. neighbourhoods they built. with severe problems of
only possible solution. creating Musgueira. try and control this that legitimated the right forming the clandestines social-spatial exclusion.
140000
+48%
informal expansion. to housing. neighbourhoods.
+16%
130000
43% 120000
-22%
1981 110000 Dwellings used under Overcrowded
Building a precarious shelter Barracas at Rua do Sol a Chelas Bairro de Lata in Lisbon Panoramic view of Brandoa Self built housing View of Cova da Moura Demolition of Musgueira Serra da Luz in process Bairro do Talude Militar, waiting
their housing capacity dwellings
at Avenida do Brasil
Arquivo Municipal de Lisboa
Arquivo Municipal de Lisboa Arquivo Municipal de Lisboa Arquivo Municipal de Lisboa during SAAL programme
Cooperativa de Construo e Habitao
nowadays
Joana Pestana Lages
Arquivo Municipal de Lisboa of requalification
Joana Pestana Lages
for intervention
Joana Pestana Lages
2001 2011 2001 2011 Dwellings without lack
Econmica Semearrelvinhas Collection of or surplus rooms
Source: ine
Uncovering the routes of what was left out of formal constructions

Informal
Defining informal Real Estate

Tiago Mota Saraiva
ateliermob
Since the troika's arrival, Portugal has

undergone a revolution in the States
spending structure.
Health and Education are no longer
the State Budgets largest spending ar-
eas, with debt payment, the cost of sav-
ing a bank and the payment of public-
ATELIERMOB Informal: definition private partnerships (PPPs) gaining
prominence. In 2013, 47,50% of the
States budget was reserved for these
A working definition last three items, with cuts in Health
Amongst the academic community, the

discussion over what constitutes infor-
mal construction is far from over; in
furmal n-frml in-for-m-le (27,10%), Education (21,50%) and Social
Security (19,90%).
The State tends to disappear as an
actor in public and social politics, tak-
fact, it is most commonly perceived as adjectivo adjective aggettivo ing on the role of tax collector for debt
and identified with slums or favelas. If payment. It is not hard to imagine that,
in the case of the former it is not up to in the current scenario, there is no
us to solve this equation, especially as 1. Que no formal. 1. Marked by the 1. Che avviene al di place for a national housing policy. But
we do not think the definition should
2. Que no observa absence of formality fuori delle formalit, what is going on with the private sector?
be static, timeless or universal, in the By virtue of an old law, which froze
case of the latter, we should decline any formalidades. or ceremony. dellufficialit: rents for decades, the real estate rent-
attempt to reduce the concept of infor- 2. Characteristic colloquio i.; tono i. ing market dwindled until 2012. Houses
mality to slums and precarious housing 3. Que relativo to rent were scarce and the prices were
settlements. For the time span be- a situaes ou of or appropriate 2. Di tendenza pittorica prohibitive. The biggest beneficiaries
tween 1914 and 2014, it seems to us that
contextos em que to ordinary, casual, astratta caratterizzata of this imbalance were the banks.
the most accurate answer for this de- or familiar use. dal rifiuto del concetto Both the financial collapse and the
bate is that informal is everything that h familiaridade sudden lifting of frozen rents, as de- SCALE 1:250
is not formal, which is to say, every- ou descontraco. di forma: pittore i. manded by the troika, raised consider-
Parcial plan of Monte Xisto, highlighting Mr Albino Borges and Mr Serafim Paradas houses (left and top) PAULO MOREIRA
Giving up on Monte Xisto

thing that does not fall within the able fears, which led to old rents being
States legal sphere, pertaining either abruptly bumped up. Thousands of cit-
private or public initiative. With a izens, especially among the aged popu-
clearly defined starting point, this lation, are now having to abandon their
broad definition qualifies and groups lifelong homes.
disparate fringes. We are therefore
writing about constructions and neigh- the first step is to build a house, the next to plan new social housing develop- and decorative differentiation.Geo-
Although it does not show in the offi-
cial data, the housing market is in tur-
Deciphering the urban order of an informal neighbourhood
bourhoods that might even have been is to build an extension or new units as- ments) which will feature in the second graphical features are determinant in moil, with the informal sector echoing
properly planned, often by technicians sociated with livelihoods or income gen- edition of this newspaper designed by the choice of building materials and this turbulence. A common practice in
or have construction foremen aiding eration. These phenomena are less fre- Manuel Vicente in 1977, which has kept techniques for a new construction, as non-legalized neighborhoods, key-sell-
local inhabitants in the construction, quent when local residents associations its original name of Quinta do Bacalhau, are the thermal considerations and so- ing, is often the only solution. These op-
or places that house more than just the are established and given some level of Monte Cxo. Over the last couple of lutions to cope with the weather, fi- erations are carried out outside any and
most underprivileged in society. authority over the territory; in these years, several members of the gipsy nancial constraints or the construc- all real estate transaction taxes and do
cases there are fewer exceptions to community have settled into this neigh- tion experience of the foremen on site. not require the certifications requested
State of the art housing, and these are usually the local bourhood and occupied the empty hous- The last couple of year has seen the by EU directives. All you need to do is
recreational centre, the caf, the resi- es, significantly changing their typolo- reality of informal construction in hand over the money.
In Portugal, the periods where informal dents association or a building that gies and structure to suit their needs. Portugal changing. Actually, it is our Originally an illegal settlement built
construction dynamics thrived the most serves all these purposes. In the Portuguese context, it is not belief that it is growing in parallel with on the seaside, in an idyllic location 10 ics of this type of urbanisation as a le- seem to expand irrationally, but its
are linked to historical moments de- On the other hand, as a result of the easy to identify the overall architectur- the countrys economic situation. km away from Lisbon, the Cova do Va- gitimate way of shaping the city. Inter- structure is clear: a kind of fishbone
fined both by migration and the ensuing countrys financial context, we are in- al and morphological characteristics of When we are asked whether there is por neighborhood is an example of this PAULO MOREIRA ventions in the area range from harm- pattern with a central spine, which
housing problems. creasingly finding informal occupa- informal construction. Apart from work for architects in Portugal, our real estate effervescence. With half the photos NELSON DAIRES ful gestures such as simply hiding the stretches over the summit of the hill,
But informal construction is not lim- tions of once formal situations. Take some exceptions, these buildings do answer is always yes. This is one of the neighborhood duly licensed, it is exact- site by planting lots of trees along its with several side-streets emanating at
ited to housing. Depending on the area the Portugal Novo neighbourhood as not exceed two stories in height and in sectors where practically everything ly the houses without legal documents borders to evictions and demolitions. angles along the steep slopes, many of
and neighbourhood, we often find work- an example a SAAL project (the the case of neighbourhood settlements, still needs to be done. swer is always that are available. Key-selling for a Monte Xisto is one of eight hills that The Municipality is reluctant to in- them ending in narrow stairways con-
shops or small shops and businesses and SAAL brigades were mobile architec- copying existing solutions is common yes. This is one of the domains where 50m2 house might cost between form the parish of Guifes, on the mar- vest money into this uncontrolled situ- necting to agriculture fields down in
rented annexes built alongside these. If tural units, set up in the post-1974 era practice, in spite of a desire for identity there is a lot to be done. 10.000 and 20.000, while legal ones gins of the river Lea, in Matosinhos. ation. Proper alternatives have not yet the valley. A secondary structure of al- Landslide has refused to accept permanent
would cost upwards of 50.000. The site was originally a granite quar- been presented. Whilst the promise of leys and passageways connect private In 2005, four families living on the relocation. He and his wife love Monte
The actual size of this market is yet to ry, providing stone to the citys a large-scale urban regeneration is in houses and annexes. Northeast slope of Monte Xisto Xisto: for almost 9 years now, they
be studied but it seems clear that the aus- bougeois buildings. Gradually, attract- the air, many houses continue to be The fact that most houses are illegal, were evicted by the City Hall, for have spent the day there and the
terity policies being enforced on the ed by the late industrialization and the emptied and quickly boarded up, some poor and considered ugly, is perhaps living in homes that were deemed night in the new flat. Mr. Parada, on
Informal houses to formal homes

country are stimulating a return to the construction of the citys port, a few of them knocked down. The arguments the reason why many architects prefer uninhabitable. Simultaneously, and in the other hand, lost the income from
informal. Buying a non-legalized home kilometres away, many people, arriv- put forward for this slow, ongoing to stay away. Still, most residents enjoy accordance with the Law, the landlord the rents, an important part of his
carries its risks but does not entail a loan, ing mainly from the countryside, start- clearance are: illegality, lack of habit- living there, raising chicken in their was notified to demolish those houses. familys livelihood. Lack of money and
a mortgage, a bank and substantially re- ed to settle there. able conditions and risk of collapse that backyards and growing vegetables in Despite the neighbours warnings, dialogue with the authorities has so far
duces the value of the investment. The rapid, and largely uncontrolled, affects some houses. Many families their plots, in place that is not far from the demolition went ahead and, prevented finding a solution.
growth seen at the end of the 20th cen- have been relocated to council flats on the city centre and without major crim- not unexpectedly, it put the houses
ban palimpsest of the social trajecto- political tolerance a laissez-faire atti- ing towards an in-between urbanism, WHERE DO YOUR TAXES GO? tury has brought this neighbourhood to the outskirts of the city. inality problems. The downside to this immediately above at risk. START-UP PROJECT
JOANA PESTANA LAGES ries of those who inhabit it. tude from the administration and no immediate and responsive, notwith- a critical condition: most buildings were is the noise pollution from close-by On Friday night, 2nd of December A project involving residents,
With the beginning of the rural exo- response in the legal housing market, standing the long marathon that is still 2,8% PPPs built without appropriate foundations Architectural and urban shooting range built on top of a Bronze 2005, the supporting wall bordering authorities and a network of local and
With the evolution of urbanism and dus in the 1930s/40s to Lisbon an Por- so the informal became the normal needed in the re-qualification of com- or structure, a problem amplified by the qualities Age Castrum in the neig bouring the cleared site to Mr. Borges external stakeholders, is emerging in
27,1%
planning regulations in the 20th cen- to, the first migrants built their bar- practice and procedure. Unofficial plex informal settlements. Ignoring the Health
17,2% BPN hills topography. As a result, the Mu- hill,and from being on the flight path and Mr. Paradas properties, Monte Xisto. The project is a long-term
tury, the rift between the informal racas (portuguese word for a precar- consent was anecdotal, after all it has existing urban and social fabric is both nicipality run by Dr Guilherme Pinto, Monte Xisto is a well consolidated to the nearby S Carneiros airport. partially collapsed. commitment, situated in-between
city, erected by non-architects and the ious constructions in a shanty town) to be impossible to ignore thousands impracticable, due to the scale of inter- considers Monte Xisto one of Matosin- neighbourhood. After the automation The biggest challenge for Monte Xisto The council urgently rehoused bottom-up practice and top-down
27,5%
formal (planned) city, widened and on the outskirts of these late industri- of buildings. The first measures of re- vention, and inconsequent. From bair- Interest and hos most problematic urban contexts. of the port and Matosinhos de-indus- is to find ways to regenerate. There is an four families, Mr. Borges and Mr negotiation, pointing towards an
created a dichotomy where the infor- alized cities. But it was mainly during pression, evictions and failed rehous- ros de lata (shanty towns) to large ur- other costs Like most places that do not comply trialization, its densification stabi- apparent lack of care and investment, Paradas tenants (his own house expansion of the role of architects
mal is (wrongly) seen as one homoge- the 1970s/80s that the rapid increase ing processes gave way to more inte- banized areas built without planning with building regulations, and where lized. The site is characterized by typ- not simply a problem of architectural was not affected). After a complex as facilitators andmediators of local
neous reality, usually chaotic and un- of what was known as the clandestine grated approaches, although we can permission, morphologically and typo- 21,5% development went on unrecorded by ical single-family houses built with ba- quality. The neighbourhoods history negotiation, the tenants agreed knowledge. For more information,
Education
desirable. Far from being simplistic, phenomena occurred by adding to ru- still find cases of profound disrespect logical diverse, for many self-building 0,7% Culture planning entities, this is an easily dis- sic elements and materials (tiled roofs, and authenticity should be nurtured, in to move permanently to a council watch this space in the newspapers
even nave, this architecture is instead ral flight african decolonization, post- for the right to place and the right to was for decades the only viable option 19,9% missed, ignored, and sometimes even painted walls, decorative gratings, an attempt to avoid the standard and flat. Mr. Borges, however, always next editions.
Transferences to Social Security
intrinsically connected to the life sto- colonial immigration and the absence housing. Architecture is now being to having a roof over ones head. Then ridiculed place. Planners and archi- tiles imitating stone, etc). At first somewhat sterile arrangements of for-
ries of their builders, becoming an ur- of housing policies. Newcomers found called to operate at two paces, work- a house. And finally a home. Source: CGTP Intersindical Nacional tects find it hard to understand the log- glance, this urban topography might mal planning.
Informal Economy
Giving the floor Matosinhos city hall

joo Quinto Porto
to local residents islands
Head of the Urban Planning Division
They messed with the wall and the land

Illegal urban
didnt hold, it all just came down areas in
Matosinhos Ana maia
- Roots
da family, bought by Serafims father
ATELIERMOB & over the years. After the tenants were Ilhas (islands) are a type of con-
PAULO MOREIRA rehoused in council housing, the fam- struction that appeared in city of
A
ily continued to receive the equivalent Porto in the 19th century and still
NELSON DAIRES
to the rents collected for the duration exist today.
The life stories of Albino and Serafims of one year, this amount was paid by the As with most illegal parcel- They were the solution found to
families cross paths on the Monte Xisto C.M.M.s public housing company. But ling, people looking for a sus- answer the need for housing, that
hillside. Albino and Claudemira met at after that, nothing else happened. Serafim RESIDENTS BIOGRAPHY tain for their lives, migrate increased with the migration of
school, in Gates, where they lived un- argues that they didnt even get a single to places where they can find workers from the rural space to
til they got married in 1970, moving to letter, nobody told them a thing. They it. Matosinhos as a destiny the industrial city.
Monte Xisto that same year. The house, just stopped receiving the rent money. Claudemira Oliveira (Vila Maria Crista (Matosinhos, 1950) was no different. Although Ilhas were constructed by the
Claudemira tells us, belonged to her Although they consider themselves do Conde, 1946) and Albino and Serafim Parada sharing the same basic mor- employers and were usually locat-
godmother and her husband who, be- lucky with the neighbors they have in Borges (Baio, 1945) TOP (Matosinhos, 1950) BOTTOM phology traces with other ed in the back of the employers
ing childless, had spare room to take the council housing estate to which they Claudemira Oliveira and Albino Maria and Serafim have lived in places in Portugal, the illegal parcel- houses. They are made of rows of
them in. Later, they bought the house were relocated, Albino voices his dis- Borges moved to Monte Xisto Monte Xisto since 1970. He was ling in Matosinhos has its own specific- 10/12 single-storeyhouses, with
from them and have been putting their like for life in the dormitory, which in 1970. She was a seamstress a printing technician until he was ity. As all north Portugal, it has small- approximately 15m2 are each,
savings into improving it ever since. justifies his daily comings and goings and he was a worker at RAR drafted for the army and sent to holdings which are rich in water and placed along a narrow corridor.
The house was built in the 60s on land to the freedom offered by Monte Xisto Aucar amongst other jobs theyve Mozambique, where he worked as nutrients in a temperate climate, per- Aereal view, Lisbon 2 Jordi Burch/kameraphoto
This typology appeared due to
purchased by Claudemiras family, and for the past eight years. I feel stifled held throughout the a cook, between 1971 and 1974. mitting excellent basic survival condi- the kind of land subdivision used
The future of the cities

was at that time covered in eucalyptus there, Im stuck inside a pressure cook- years. They are both retired now. A week before leaving for the tions in short space. This combination by that time. The lot was 25 spans,
and pine trees. Contrary to the infor- er, its like a box. There is no balcony, These days, they devote themselves colonial war, he married Maria. He resulted in a naturally exploded ter- 5,5 m wide and could reach 100m
mation reported by some public author- thats whats wrong, he vents. to farming small plots of land at returned to Monte Xisto in February ritory which is historically highly po- long with toilets located at the end
ities, the land the house is built on was Their neighbours Maria and Serafim the foot of Monte Xisto. After the 1974, two months before the larized in little urban centres; and un- of the plot serving all the houses..
never a dumping ground, they assure categorically dismiss the possibility of collapse of their propertys Carnation Revolution. The couple der this conditions, the illegal parcelling The industrialisation of the city
us. This is in fact one of the bones of
contention in the ongoing discussion
ever being rehoused in another neigh-
bourhood. Wishing to preserve the fam-
retaining wall, in December 2005,
they were moved to the housing
and their two children (who live in
adjacent houses, also owned by the
was processed by occupying the open
agricultural fields between existing
Privileged sites for the creation of wealth, cities To foster a stronger intercon- ence between dwelling, busi-
led to a demographic growth which
in turn led to this kind of housing
about the neighborhood. Claudemira,
Albino and their neighbors, Maria e
ilys assets, they are sticking it out in
Monte Xisto.
complex of Gates. But since
then, Claudemira and Albino
family) still hold on to the hope of
recovering the income generated by
semi urban structures; hence the urban
needs for this migrated population was face challenges and opportunities that are often nection between the cities of lei-
sure, culture and tourism, in or-
ness and leisure.
To facilitate creative combina-
spreading all over the city, special-
ly near the industries.
Serafim, claim that the dumping ground
was located in another area of Monte
The estrangement from local author-
ities and the feeling of outrage and aban-
spend the day at their Monte Xisto
house, where they would really
renting the houses they own in the
neighbourhood, which have been
pre-installed in all its aspects.
So the new comers went building mistaken for problems or dead-ends der to boost competitiveness
and capacity in a context of
tions of processes of urban reha-
bilitation, regeneration and re-
In the beginning of the 20th
century 30% of Oportos popula-
Xisto where residential buildings, as donment were made worse by the land- like to be able to live on a vacant since December 2005 as during weekends or when ever the mu- strong international competi- vitalization capable of giving ur- tion was living in Ilhas and 20%
well as a church, have recently been le- slide. I got infuriated over there [C.M.M.]. permanent basis. they are at risk of collapse. nicipal supervisor couldnt see, and tion, drawing itself closer to the ban dynamics a new boost and lived in very bad conditions of hy-
galized and point to the quality of the We were waiting, and waiting and they soon after began working, living their continuous time logic in a in so doing, to convert voids giene and salubrity.
water from the local wells as corrobo- wouldnt see us, Albino recalls. At the lives and raising their children inte- controlled, participated and into opportunities, basing sus- The low wages of the workers
rating evidence. Conversely, local au- time, he even initiated criminal pro- grating a society in which their cos- tions. Congestion gradually lim- the space generated by the glo- creative way, by setting up rules tainable real estate enterprise in allowed them to live only in the
thorities invoke the pre-existence of ceedings against the owner of the hous- tumes were not strange, for they were AUGUSTO MATEUS ited freedom, the artificial dis- balization of markets, value of joint, reasoned and diversi- factors that heighten the impor- cheapest types of housing availa-
that same dumping ground and the soil es whose demolition led to the landslide. also rural inhabitants in their home Economist and Professor at the School tanced itself dangerously from chains, institutions and ways of fied use of certain spaces and tance of heritage, social inclu- ble and those were the Ilhas.
of Economics and Management,
contamination it caused as a reason for Different stories concerning the origi- land. Immigration numbers were big University of Lisbon its essential environmental ba- life. Cities capable of producing areas based on rules for coexist- sion and catalysing creativity. Joana Coutinho
not allowing their houses to be legal- nal construction of the neighborhood enough for authorities not to be able to sis, and non-programmed or open convergence, capable of
ized, further pointing to this type of and the structural quality of the houses control them: by the beginning of the controlled levels of complexity living and working, dwelling
soils as one of the factors that contrib- proven in court, through the testimo- nineties the process stopped growing, Concentrating more than half of and differentiation undermined and visiting, living and invest-
uted to the 2005 landslide. nies of Municipal technicians as well with 10% of Matosinhos population liv- the planets population ,by vir- economic cohesion and gener- ing, studying and learning, re-
Claudemira told us that in 2005, the as the inability to prove that the demo- ing in illegal parcels and houses, about tue of the recent and rapid ex- ated multiple forms of social ex- searching and gathering knowl-
Municipality of Matosinhos (C.M.M.) lition of the houses located on the land 17000 to 19000, in a 185000 inhabit- pansion of the massive cities clusion an inequality. edge, can become the new cam-
ordered, due to poor habitability condi- below had originated the partial land- ants universe. spearheading global economic Today, the development of cit- puses for the production of
tions, the demolition of several houses slide of their houses retaining wall, cost growth in the emergent econo- ies is confronted with ever-ac- wealth. Here, culture, creativity
situated below the properties of the them the case. On his side, Serafim re- Legal Aspects mies, todays cities constitute celerating globalization, that is and knowledge become key
Borges and Parada families. grets not having the means to do the Only in 1995, about 20-25 years after the most complex and challeng- to say, with the in-depth integra- competitiveness factors and
They messed with the wall and the same and is outraged by the legal sys- the problems genesis, was published ing examples of mankinds arti- tion of economic, social and cul- new forms of serendipity (syner-
land didnt hold, it all just came down. tem. They make fun of the poor be- the 91 Law, in 20th September 1995, ficial creations. tural spaces, and an unprece- gies arising from interaction set
Our wall, our annexes, our terrace, she cause poor people dont have the mon- much more with the idea of legalising The birth of the idea of city dented worldwide fragmenta- in diversity) arising from the ar-
says. Due to the risk of another landslide, ey to defend themselves, he regrets. than repressing what was already con- was associated with mankinds tion and vertical disintegration ticulation between conception,
the couple has since been rehoused on a Until the earth stabilization works summated. freedom and, for centuries, the of production activities. This production and distribution of
temporary basis, until land stabiliza- are not carried out, and the buildings In Portugals legal regime, people appeal of the city remained as- generates a clear prevalence of differentiated goods and servic-
tion works are carried out on the site. are not repaired, the Parada family can- can buy a given part of an agricultural sociated with trade and indus- made in world in the interna- es, allowing for cities to be re-
The same thing happened to the ten- not rent their houses and the Borges property to produce goods, and ac- try, artistic and cultural free- tional trade of non-differentiat- built as spaces of facilities, col-
ants living in the properties of the Para- family cannot sleep in theirs. quires a non divisible right over it, in a doms and the freedom provided ed goods and services, leading lective efficiency and sharing
NELSON DAIRES
common ownership regime. As such, it by certain services that framed to a forcible mass restructuring costs and risks in a daring way.
cant be divide for urban purposes. The quality of life and mitigated the of government systems and The city/region of Lisbon can
process of illegal urban areas begins significant risks that were be- models in which national reali- constitute a good example of
when land is sold to several persons as ginning to set their own course. ties lose the bigger part of their this strategy for taking advan-
Informal Portugal /ateliermob urban, but officially inscribed as rural.
So the idea of the law was to solve the
For cities, it was a time when
uncertainty and risk were deci-
autonomy in the framework of
the rising sway of infra and su-
tage of the opportunities of glo-
balization, especially if it can
problems by instituting a council in sive in shaping human life and pranational realities. strengthen its global appeal
which the forced family of the com- individuals felt it was possible to This is the time when cities around main guidelines such as:
mon ownership, could solve all prop- challenge the gods, in a sce- accumulate threats and oppor- To decisively value the envi-
erty related problems by their own. nario where local and regional tunities that cause imbalances ronmental assets of the city and
In fact, the law is build upon Portu- markets prevailed, in spite of and difficulties but may well the region, in particular, as a
guese Civil Code, which cares about the influence of successive trade have a rather positive overall large water-oriented territory
civil association, and the private soci- cycles of goods from external outcome, if solutions (choosing shaped by the powerful encoun-
etys voting system by quotes. The re- markets, whether more or less to look and push ahead to grasp ter of the river Tagus with the
sult is a law that is devoted to solve distant ones. opportunities) can overcome Atlantic ocean; as a privileged site
google earth Aqui tem gente, film by Leonor Areal mrio estevam joana venncio
problems within a property ownership. Modern cities developed and problems (choosing to look for the encounter of the urban
consolidated, boosted by consec- back to rectify weaknesses). It and rural worlds, and as a body of
qUINTA DO cONDE, sesimbra BAIRRO DA TORRE, LOURES HORTA DA AREIA, faro Bairro do nicolau, porto Whats the thing in it utive industrial revolutions and is therefore the time for cities civilizational heritage of great dif-
So the specific question in Matosinhos by consumer societies fully com- to assert themselves with and ferentiating significance.
was not really how to plan the territory ing into their own, with mass pro- not against, or at the cost of, To favour an economic special-
It is said to have been one of the largest These people live in a gathering of illegal In the capital of the well-known tourist It sprung up from an escarpment in the people did it in a preexisting urban duction and consumption giving namely, the rural world, social ization that is capable of renewing
clandestine neighbourhoods in Europe. shacks with no habitability conditions and region of the Algarve, this neighbourhood city of Porto, with enviable views over structure but in regularising proper- national markets and institutions equity and a sustainable rela- the centres of wealth creation,
Construction started in the 60s, in since they are not covered by the Special has been considered provisional since the Douro River. Home to a population ty ownership. Here the law is a power- the leading role. They took on the tionship with the environment bringing the business city and the
the Setbal district, in a vast pine tree Rehousing Programme, they will not be 1975. Its prefabricated structures are with scarse resources and the site of ful instrument, by bringing together form of unique, reasonably con- It is also the time for creative knowledge city into close collabo-
forest. Between 1991 and 2001, the entitled to council housing, said a former home to over 300 people. As in other a number of landslides and fires, the the right for a place to live with the tradictory fabrics, woven by the diversity and territorial singu- ration and developing global com-
neighbourhood doubled its population alderwoman in the department of Social extremely poor places, for many years Municipalitys course of action towards right of ownership, into a simple peo- convergence of multiple cities larity, of efficiency built on munication infrastructures, thus
and today the civil parish counts 30 Cohesion and Housing in 2011. water consumption was not charged, a this neighbourhood has been little more ples council. And thats what is so spe- (namely, from the residential city higher value rather than the di- contributing to the development
thousand inhabitants. The [revolution of The dwellings are precarious and measure that was revoked four years than placing families in several far-away cial about it, because in an act of com- to the administrative city, from rect low cost associated with of innovative activities clusters,
] 25th of April [1974] brought on water their occupants have been left out of ago by the municipality. In the last couple social housing complexes, by means of munity discussion and voting, people the logistics to the industrial, standardization. with high levels of information,
supply, sanitation, urban planning, schools, the rehousing processes. The threat of months the neighbourhood made the intrusive police operations that destroy must agree on establishing a formal ur- from the city of trade to the city of Threats essentially equate knowledge and skills.
the market, the sports pavilion, the of demolition still lingers, though the news due to a huge fire and the delay in roofs and leave in their wake houses in ban structure, according to municipal tourism, from the city of knowl- with the loss of coherence in the To bring about a considerable
amphitheatre, the cemetery and the park. Municipality has changed hands recently. rehousing the families affected by it. ruins. As some families insist on staying urban services demands, and who gets edge to the city of services, from material as well as immaterial qualitative expansion of the city
The houses lost their temporary character A different course of action is urgently in the neighbourhood, the consolidation what parcel in the end. So this process the city of culture to the city of networks that make the city. In of knowledge, catering to broad
and the licensing boom occurred between needed. of the escarpment is expected to take permits through social organisation, creativity, from the city of utilities many cases, this translated into external demands through an
1997 and 2002. Good accesses, land plots place any day now, and according to some growth of respect for each other opin- to the city of waste reclaiming, re- a steep decline in more central overall reorganization of spaces
at low prices, proximity to areas with job technical experts, these mandatory works ion and accomplishment in obtaining use and recycling). spaces (the inner city crisis), devoted to graduate and post-
opportunities turned this neighbourhood will allow for the neighbourhood to be the object of desire the right to live in It was a time when cities trav- and a disconnection between ac- graduate learning and research,
into a desirable place for younger blue- reoccupied. the place they build for them selves. elled a long road of light and tivity, dwelling and employment. with the support of easy, compet-
collar workers. This constitutes a peoples empower- dark, of rise and decline, of Opportunities essentially itive, high quality accommoda-
ment- the stuff we all are talking about population increase and de- equate with the new value action for a more diverse and more
as future society pillars. crease, which, in most cases, quired by specific territories international community (stu-
urgent intervention
bred more problems than solu- that polarize skill and talent in dents, teachers, researchers)
Colective Colective
1914/2014 Policies for social housing/Alessia Allegri , Miguel Eufrsia
1933
Affordable Houses Programme
1945
Affordable Rents Housing Initiative
1974
Local Ambulatory Support Service
1993
Special Rehousing Programme
2004
Urban Rehabilitation Societies
Architectural
crisis
A family that takes shelter under its own roof is [The Ramalde neighbourhood] was also the first, There was never an attempt to prefigure the city, daily For the construction of affordable housing, the State () This [Porto municipal] policy rests on a
naturally more economical, more stable and better legitimate and even necessary opportunity to () life or the forms of socialist life, there was never an grants subsidized loans for both the purchase of land deterministic logic of real-estate promotion of
constituted. That is why we are not interested in big erect our own Siemens neighbourhood, countering attempt to elaborate a counterplan outside the realm and respective infrastructure development, as well the prt--porter kind, aimed at a medium to
phalansteries, the colossal constructions for housing the narrow and petit bourgeois spirit of the recently of the dwellers conscience. The point was to propose, as the construction works; in addition to fiscal and high standard, abstract client, in detriment of a
the working class (). To our independent character finished Alvalade, with its functionalist method, with its through practice, a methodological alternative born parafiscal benefits, materialized in the exemption or participatory (re)housing process. That logic in fact
and to benefit our well-mannered simplicity, we rather outspoken subordination to faade exposure, with its out of a dynamic process of struggle and organization, reduction of taxes, fees and other costs. Decree-law leads to the destruction and imperviousness of the
wish for the small-sized, independent house, inhabited concept of core and free space, in a minutely defined which would constitute a process in itself and create its no. 162/93 central core of neighbourhoods, because it relies on
and fully owned by the family. zoning Nuno Portas, 1961 own provisional images and build its own theory. Alves urban cosmetic operations, where usually very
Costa, 1978 little is left of the pre-existing fabric beyond the
scenography of historical faades.Nuno Grande, 2013
Crisis could not be more

architectural, or less. The
field of architecture is
devoted to suppressing a
sense of crisis but is
propelled by the very thing it
represses. As the art of
Alto da Ajuda / Alto da Serafina / Belm, Lisbon Ramalde neighbourhood, by Fernando Tavora (1952) Bairro da Boua [Boua neighbourhod], Porto Social Housing Estate, Lugar do Outeiro by Joo
lvaro Rocha, (1996-1999)
Quarteiro das Cardosas [Cardosas Block], Porto
limits, architecture is always
in a dialectic with crisis. The
most crucial insights into the
On the verge of a
evolutions, complications,
CRISIs QUOTES and responsibilities of the
field can be found within the

most traumatic scenes.
Residential mortgage markets are MARK WIGLEY, Space in crisis, 2014
now equivalent to more than 40 percent of
gross domestic product (GDP) in developed In this recent text, Mark Wigley focus-
nervous breakdown
countries. (...) When a countrys system is es on the intricate and underrated re-
more developed and mature, lationship between crisis and architec-
the public sector can encourage a secondary ture. On the one hand he states that to
mortgage market, develop financial declare a crisis is to declare the need
innovations, and expand the securitization for architecture, and focuses on the
of mortgages. Occupant-owned housing, paradoxical idea that architectural de-
usually a households largest single asset sign it is propelled by crisis but at the
by far, is important in wealth creation, social same time its purpose is to removing
security and politics. the sense of crisis. On the other hand,
World Banks World Development Wigley portrays crisis as a potential
Can revolutionary verve trigger a new engagement between architecture and politics? Report, Reshaphing Ecnomic
Geography, 2009
and inventive force stating that since
the nineteenth century, theorists have
often portrayed crisis as a primary

agent of forward progress in all aspects
In 1994, Portuguese banks had of individual and collective life, conjec-
loaned out 3 thousand million euros for turing that it could be that every part
housing purchase. In 2007, the value raised of the built environment has been
5 fold: 15 thousand million. When the crisis shaped by prior crises. To Wigley, Cri-
happened, the total sum of outstanding sis is a crucial, unacknowledged and
mortgage credits was 104 thousand million recurrent concept in Architecture, act-
euros, a much higher amount than the 78 ing as an avant-garde trigger. However,
thousand million of the troika loan package. the actual experience of crisis is not so
MIGUEL EUFRSIA (...) In less than 10 years, the banks depleted intellectually stimulating. It is one of
the Portuguese families debt limits. We dramatic and intensified standoff be-
broke all the records. Between 1999 and tween Social values and Economic pro-
The widespread demonstrations that 2001, 3 out of every 4 loans concerned cesses.
took place in North African (Arab housing purchase. In fact, the Portuguese
Spring), North American (Occupy bankers built a marble tower on a swamp.
And it is a mix of cheap money, absolute self-
The right to the city is far
Wall Street) and European cities (the
Indignados) illustrate how the con- reliance, euphoria, and belief in the virtue of more than the individual
temporary condition is characterized the alleged virtues of financial innovations liberty to access urban
by a growing, and generalised, senti- that has brought us to this point. resources: it is a right to
ment of discontent and social dispute The destructive power change ourselves
towards the Democratic ideals in a of finance: real estate, offshores by changing the city. It is,
world increasingly dominated by the and shadow-banking, Pblico, moreover, a common rather
ever-expanding processes of Globali- 13 april 2013 than an individual right since
zation. The choice of public space as this transformation

the place in which to show public dis- inevitably depends upon the
satisfaction seems an all too obvious More than 11m homes lie empty
exercise of a collective power
one, but there is no overstating the ca- acrossEurope enough to house all of
Tackling Big Empty Spaces

the continents homeless twice over (...)
to reshape the processes of
pacity of public space to function as a
vehicle of collective cohesion. In this hundreds of thousands of half-built homes urbanization. The freedom to
respect, it is revealing to consider, for have been bulldozed in an attempt to make and remake our cities
instance, that the 2013 Turkish pro- shore up the prices of existing properties. and ourselves is, I want to
tests were triggered by the govern- (...) InSpainmore than 3.4m homes lie argue, one of the most
precious yet most neglected
Design for Crisis: An architectural tactic for the expansion of architectural possibilities
ments intention to privatize (by build- vacant (...) The Spanish government
ing a shopping centre) a public space estimates that an additional 500,000 of our human rights.
in Istanbul, the Taksim Gezi Park. In part-built homes have been abandoned David harvey, the right to the city,2008
Portugal, the frequent protests target- by construction companies across the
ing the austerity reforms, illustrate country. During the housing boom, which The problem with the increasing inter-
the generalised depressing disbelief in Public Workers Protest, Lisbon, 14-03-2014. Notwithstanding the ubiquity of social media, these overwhelming exer- saw prices rise by 44% between 2004-08, twinement between urban substances
the future, in progress, in politicians, cises of the Collective show the resilience and the vigor of the intimate nexus between citizen rights and urban space. Spanish builders knocked up new homes a change in architectures current role will be made by extrapolating specific the other hand, as it also does not want to and the processes of capitalism is that
in politics and its institutions. The so- Transformation of the city seems to be an indispensible prefiguration of potential change in democracy. Rita Fiuza at a rate of more than 800,000 a year. within the urban production processes, needs and preferences of future owners. contribute to the expansion of the build- the former has an ever-present readi-
ADOC
cial welfare state is in regression, 4 out (...) In Portugal there are 735,000 vacant intervening directly in its business mod- This architectural strategy will lead to ing environment, the eligibility of an ad- ness to segregate urban space when
of 10 employees have had salary cuts, properties a 35% increase since 2001 photos HELDER SOUSA el and redistributing the actions of its a substantial decrease in the required equate unfinished structure will be de- time comes to accumulate and distrib-
youth unemployment rate is of 35% according to the 2011 census. agents in order to address a specific so- material investment, leading to a well pendent on its urban sitting, its physical ute the profits. This is the main reason
and someone emigrates every 4 min- promises of a better future, todays market speculation without compro- Scandal of Europes 11m empty cial and urban problem. It will instigate below average housing pricing and to an characteristics. why the aborted urbanscapes of unfin-
utes, so it does not come as a surprise
that social tension is very high.
world reveals a clear and present rup-
ture between the two. As Boaventura Architecture mising its very existence? Should
housing be erased from the architects
homes Housing campaigners
denounce shocking waste of
The 2007 collapse of the western finan-
cial system, triggered by the United
Architectural practice to become the
platform of consensus between stake-
increase of its affordability. On the other
hand, it gives the owners the opportu-
It is important to underline that the
project does not aspire to become a uni-
ished buildings emerge as such a re-
markable example of the embodiment
Architecture or Revolution. Revo-
lution can be avoided. These are the
Sousa Santos puts it we are the heirs
of Modernitys promises and, though
or revolution. agenda in the coming years? How can
architecture remain a vital force in
homes lying empty while millions
cry out for shelter in The Guardian,
States subprime mortgage meltdown
and the resultant burst of the real es-
holders by intensifying its engagement
with pre-established processes and
nity either to work alongside architects
to personalize/tailor the domestic envi-
versal solution. It is precisely the oppo-
site, as it proposes a discreet, case-by-
of the on-going short-circuit between
architecture, economy and politics.
last words in Le Corbusiers 1922s To- the promises were auspicious and Revolution can be Portuguese contemporary cities? Can 23 february 2014 tate bubble had a profound influence in plans of action, in order to achieve a so- ronment or to simply live in a bare space case, exercise, that expands potentials But, in a state of crisis, if architecture
wards a New Architecture, arguably grandiose (equality, liberty, fraterni- we become modern once again? the Portuguese Urban landscape. The cial and urban gain. The project does not whose configuration can evolve in time. and mutual and symbiotical benefits. is to instigate urban transformation re-
avoided. These

the single most important architec- ty), we have accumulated a spoil of Should we scrap Modernitys extraor- current crisis, inextricably fuelled by rely on an expectation of economic re- Hence, from a marketing point of view, For the owners of the half-finished garding the needs and ambitions of the
tural document of the 20th century.
It is the question of building which
debt. This becomes exceedingly no-
ticeable in the European countries in
are the last words dinary conquests regarding housing?
Or trigger revolution and forget archi-
Many people no longer trust
mainstream politicians. Worst of all, many
speculative rise in property value, leni-
ent planning laws and easy access to
covery, so it is not driven by a vision of
future prosperity. Its core dynamic will
the architectural product is not a close-
end, entirely realized and already com-
building, it is a plan to escape financial
ruin and escalating maintenance costs.
collective, thereby opposing to leave
the city in the hands of the market (as
lies at the root of the social unrest to-
day, he argues. Despite celebrating
crisis, the derogatorily branded PIIGS
(Portugal, Ireland, Italy, Greece and
on Le Corbusiers tecture? How can a responsible an-
swer take shape?
are losing faith in democracy itself. This
antiestablishment, anti-foreigner, anti-
housing loan credit sets the stage for a
propositional reflection regarding the
be placed in the pre-design stage, there-
fore concentrating efforts on a more po-
plete typology, but cubic meters of fully
configurable private space.
For the real-estate developers, it is a
plan to reduce both in the construction
David Harvey seems to be suggesting),
its manoeuvring space seems to be pri-
the technological revolution sparked Spain). Therefore, the state of crisis 1922s Towards a The project Architecture and Cri- EU mood is fertile ground for extremists concept of the Collective. The visible litical dimension in the development of The successful implementation of this cost and the investment risk. For the city marily located in the realm of mic-
by scientific and industrial progress,
for Le Corbusier, architectures core
sets an appropriate stage for a critical
analysis of the achievements of the New Architecture sis: Summoning the collective will
explore a possible escape route from
and snake-oil salesmen. Xenophobic and
reactionary parties suc as Britains Ukip
dimension of the financial rupture,
demonstrated by the numerous unfin-
strategies in the Housing domain.
The architectural device of the design
architectural strategy requires a conver-
gence of attitudes from the all the stake-
council it is an opportunity to solve an
urban problem. The project is respon-
ropolitics rather than of straightfor-
ward design practice. This is not to sug-
task is to address social dissatisfac- Modern Project and its erosive effect thestraightjacket that currently con- and Frances Front National look set to do ished constructions and real estate de- proposal entails both a volumetric map- holders. It needs an easing of the bureau- sive to the contemporary demand for in- gest a new focus on architectures role
tion, and therefore, to abort social tur- on the values and institutions that strains the architectural profession. exceptionally well. They peddle a return velopments that sy mbolise open ping of the dwellings, maximizing spa- cracy from the city hall, a relaxation of creasing flexibility regarding industry, as a representation of political con-
moil. Urban transformations brought structure the Collective domain. It has the objective of addressing the to a romanticised past when the world wounds in the urbanity, will be the ob- tial flexibility and increasing the re- the modus operandi from the financial market and lifestyles; it creates a prod- cepts or to posit revolution as architec-
on by Modern Architecture, especial- In the Portuguese cities, the inexist- of resources and energy, furthering challenges posed by the current cri- seemed less threatening: when Europe ject under scrutiny. They are a part of sponsiveness to the public space, and a agents, a willingness by real-estate devel- uct that currently does not exist in the tures political ambition. It is to push
ly to Housing, would become the revo- ence of public investment, narrow the deterioration of the public realm sis in Portugal by directly engaging was less open, less diverse and everyone a bigger and more invisible issue, the radical differentiation of domestic space opers to accept out-of-the-box proposals, market while addressing a blind spot in for the clarification of the current state
lutions avatar. Ninety-two years later, prospects of future private commis- and the dissolution of the social fab- architectures political agency in the knew their place. Europe desperately massive amount of vacant buildings configuration. The idea is to challenge the capacity to adapt from the point of the housing system. of affairs and to directly engage with
the question of how Architecture can sions and scarce design competitions ric. These aborted urbanscapes un- construction of critically responsive needs to change. We need a European and unused properties owned by banks the virtually absolute homogeny of hous- view of management from the building In the current context of crisis and iner- the real, allowing experimental mod-
represent and embody the Collective have caused an enduring stagnation veil the fundamental inner pathology new models that assemble and medi- Spring: economic and political renewal. and real-estate funds. ing typologies available in the market, contractors, and an openness from archi- tia of the building and real estate sectors, els and proposals to emerge from these
appears to be even more relevant, but of the real-estate and construction of a fully-functioning irrational capi- ate the interests of the multiple The eurozone crisis has tipped The key objective of project Architec- that are codified by a banal and rigid tecture to continuously update its pro- the project has the merit of placing archi- processes. Ultimately, it is a call for the
more importantly, it seems as though sector and the appearance of a new talist system, but ultimately, they stakeholders that converge on the many into disillusionment, ture and Crisis: Summoning the Collec- spatial setting, and in which the great posals. Therefore, each unfinished build- tecture face-to-face with its responsibili- constitution of a political agency in Ar-
the debate has only just begun. substance: unfinished and abandoned epitomise Contemporary Architec- architectural project today. It is not despair and extremism we tive is to achieve the completion of an differentiator is the number of bed- ing proposes a different challenge, calls ties regarding the Collective realm, by set- chitecture as an effective tool to pro-
If the convergence between social buildings. It seems contradictory tures failure to respond to Collective an ambitious proposal; It is a rather need a European Spring The architectonic structure whose construc- rooms. Each house can be sold bare, for distinctive actions, and will produce ting architecture as the place of conver- duce change.
goals and economic rationality was at that, in a country in crisis, the ration- concerns. In the current state of af- orthodox vindication. Architecture Independent, 27 april 2014 tion was interrupted by financial issues. with minimum facilities (one kitchen singular design approaches, so there is gence of the agents involved in urban plan-
the core of the Heroic Modernitys ality of the system dictates the waste fairs, how can architecture counter or Revolution? However, it is an exercise that proposes and one bathroom) and the partitions no way of neatly framing the project. On ning and management.
Colective Politics
Be here now: Call for

loures city hall
tenants
tiago matias
Alderman for Urbanism
Beyond
wasted homeland
In Portugal 4 out of 5 people live
in an owner-occupied home,
whilst the remaining are ten-
crisis
ants. Facing this reality the gov-
ernment is making an effort to
change the countrys housing
structure by introducing pro-
Dichotomy between center and periphery today does not make sense, it has arrived
T
grams to encourage and facili-
tate citizens to rent instead of
he participation of the munic- the time for rebuild and demolish buying their own homes.
ipality of Loures in the Portu- The first public incentive to be
guese representation at the launched in 2007 was Porta 65
Venice Biennaleoccurs dur- Jovem (Door 65 Youth). Trough
ing the review and public dis- this program, youngsters from
cussion of its main instru- 18 to 30 years old, can benefit
ment for managing the terri- young by opposition to the age- cumstances of its absence were from a monthly support for their
tory the Municipality Local ing centres, from being per- unable to replicate past experi- rents, a percentage based on
Development Plan. ceived as city. ences. Today, the subjective city their incomes and social situa-
At a time when interests act quickly This is already the younger holds but few instances capable of tion. In the last years the average
on issues that occur mostly in major generations memory of the city. fixating urban life this is a city wages from the selected candi-
urban centres, how can this document Today, the centre-periphery of brief moments, not systems, dates were between 727 to 1455
facilitate interventions that introduce dichotomy is anachronistic. and so architecture takes on a Euros. For those choosing to live
positive reactions? The challenge that Characteristics of the periphery prominent role in creating places. in historic centers the funding
is being proposed for the Municipality can be found to exist inside the increases 10 to 20%.
of Loures as part of the participation city. Neighbourhoods meant for The challenge of the In the archipelago of Azores,
at the Venice Biennale could be one of middle classes, with purchasing new city its autonomous government felt
the answers! power, have no added value the need to adapt this program
In a moment of near paralysis in when compared with peripheral Democracys 40 years of ex- to its local reality, so in 2009 it
construction, it is interesting to re- neighbourhoods. The building istence were also times when begun Famlias com Futuro
think the priorities of intervening in and construction industry has the static character of neigh- (Families with future), which ex-
the territory. Ensure better quality of become everymans opportuni- bourhoods changed. Research- tended its cut-off age for appli-
public space and better public facility, as the urban expanse is in- ers do not always agree about cants to 35 and focused on young
ties; complete unfinished housing pro- creasingly scattered. Invest- whether gentrification pro- families, rather than individu-
jects (also a result of the economic dif- ment in suburban motorways cesses are present, or how they als. Around 1000 families under
ficulties of this sector) are priorities accelerated the process. The car happen. But the fact is that a this program are being helped
in city planning. is the key element in this off-bal- return to the historical city is with an average of 184 euros a
The Lawful expectation of seeing ance system. only possible with these ten- month and in the last year the
built the green spaces, playgrounds, This new, fast and discontin- sions between new inhabitants candidates increased 37%, indi-
schools or a sports facility, that were uous city that involved centres and the original ones (the age- cating the initiative is being ef-
patent in the drawings of the urbani- and generated metropolitan ing population). Boua, an old fective.
zation plans when a person purchases areas could not be farther from fragment of the participatory Joana Oliveira
a house, may even become a require- the models imagined by housing process in Porto, was
Crisis intensifies the visibility of the (lightly debated) influence of economics in urban transformations and architectural criteria. Moscavide #12 Helder Sousa ment of the residents for a better qual- learned urban design and city- completed in 2006. lvaro
Summoning the collective

ity of life. engaged architecture. The Oli- Sizas design is nowadays much
The needs of citizens and politicians vais model, designed in the more than a housing project
are, nowadays, so different from the 50s, affirmed an alternative to with social interest, born of a
past. Loures has, beyond the struc- the city championed by the his- revolutionary dream, that it
tural imbalances of a city belonging to torical vanguards. once was.
the Lisbon metropolitan area, with an The scattering of buildings It is a small, socially heteroge-
excess of dormitory areas that need across the landscape, with trees neous neighbourhood, unique
balancing, a lot of unfinished con- surrounding the buildings, in its architectural features that
struction that might have a solution. stands as its most obvious char- allows for a collective way of life
The first venture: An unfinished building in Moscavide acteristic. The buildings auton-
omy has allowed for a large va-
both open and protected. To-
day, at a time when urban reha-
riety of types. bilitation seems to be the most
The needs of citizens Demonized for decades even operative form for architects to
and politicians by architects, this neighbour-
hood emerges today as symbol
participate in the city, it is well
worth returning to this herit-
are, nowadays, of an effort that could hardly be age, and think about a strategy
T2 +Marquise
Le Corbusiers 1914s Dom-ino proto- reproduced in the contempo- for intervening in the city based
ADOC type. Therefore, this project can be un- so different rary world. An alternative to the on the complex identity of each
& MIGUEL EUFRSIA derstood both as a tribute and a site-
specific, contextual and retroactive from the past. speedy, discontinuous periph-
ery semi-rural settlements
neighbourhood.
Demolition will also be inev-
departure from the pervasive Mod- Rua General Silva Freire, Olivais, Lisbon MIGUEL HENRIQUES pressured by urban growth. Its itable. But in past decades, the
A survey carried out in the Loures ernist model. The theme proposed to Loures Con- social and even morphological rhetoric of increasing the space Glazed structures that end in
Council unsurprisingly pinned down vene the Collective aims to initiate heterogeneity affirms an unex- for circulation allowed for the balconies earned in the real es-
several unfinished and empty build- The project and coordinate procedures that allow the practice of land division, S.A.A.L operations mobile pected, collective space with biggest atrocities to be com- tate the statute of rooms!
ings. One of them, located in the vi- the conclusion of an incomplete building RICARDO CARVALHO the uncritical cutting up of the (pode sair) architectural units public spaces where cafs and mitted to the urban form of During the XXth century the il-
brant, compact and well connected ur- The Summoning the Collective initia- whose works have been suspended and Founder Partner at Ricardo Carvalho territory and housing that is set up to address the shortage of shops coincide. Portuguese cities. The appeal legal proliferation of the mar-
+ Joana Vilhena Architects and head
ban setting of Moscavide(384653.13N; tive gathered the necessary informa- which have not seen any expectation of of the Department of Architecture not a certainty for everybody safe and affordable housing fol- But public funded housing de- of demolition poses a vital quises brought a new image to
9 611.12W), assembled the ideal re- tion and drafted a proposal converting being taken over. Thus, this subject is UAL, Lisbon coincides with the State no lowing the carnation revolution. velopment, capable of actual question: how can we guaran- the Portuguese urban land-
quirements for our venture. It is a of the oversized and futureless com- most current in the context of the real- longer taking on the responsi- With these projects a recogniz- city-building, lost steam after tee the quality of what will be scape. To build a marquise
100x180m, 3 storey bare concrete mercial construction into a no-frills ity of our territory. bility of creating housing with able effort was made by several this endeavour. Bureaucratic built in its place? That is the would end up being much more
structure (see apicture above), which taylor-made housing experiment, max- Convene the architecture, through Houses have increased four a social interest. generations to use housing as a tools of planning and the cir- challenge for architects. than an illegal process, or the
was designed for 37 300 m2 of com- imizing typology diversity, ensuring fu- the redefinition of existing uses and of- times more than the popula- tool for policy, but for todays negligence of the global esthet-
mercial and office space plus 36 000 ture spatial adaptability as a method to ten deteriorated and abandoned spaces tion reads the 2011 Census. The open city generations of architects there ics: it became a cultural action.
m2 of belowground parking space. Its warrant financial and economic feasi- can, and should, be synonymous of From the housing scarcity that is nothing like it that they can This is a consequence of the
construction had halted due to the fail- bility. Surprisingly, the city council, the transformation and revitalization of characterized life under the The point of arrival of the hope for. space appropriation freedom
ure in finding potential buyers. How- proprietor, the developer and the build- our territory, in order to have more bal- Estado Novo dictatorship in contemporary city in general, when there isnt enough space
ever, precisely because of its impending ing company, displayed enthusiastic anced urban experiences in the future. Portugal, we finds ourselves to- not only in Portugal, is a far cry The subjective city or the antique housing typolo-
usage (commerce), with qualities such support for the project. Through the The Municipality of Loures still be- day in the opposite situation, from the learned debates about gies dont suit the now-a-days
as the forthrightly exposed concrete mediation of architectural agency, fi- lieves that this is a possible way for the without having found balance the polis. A far cry from a pos- For the last two decades, any necessities, and the difficulty of
slabs, columns and staircases, high nancial and bureaucratic stalemates transformation of urban territories, along the way. Present-day Por- sibility of citizenship that ema- type of housing, regardless of its legalizing the marquises is a
ceiling heights and spatial flexibility, have been overcome, but further chal- and the opportunity presented by this tugal is statistically urban, with nated from a radiant centre of spatial characteristics and or- constant battle to the bureau-
the structure condenses an immanent lenges lie ahead. One of the projects project being developed in the scope its apartment buildings in the enlightened power. The citys ganization, solar exposure, con- cracies, taxes and the missing
potentialthat in a way resonates with economically indispensible premisses of Portugals participation at the Ven- city and the countryside, but it limits are no longer set by its nection to public space or access of mutual consensus.
is the reduction of structural changes ice Biennales with the coordination is not however a country that is founding neighbourhoods, its to public transports, was easily During the XXIst century, the
to a bare minimum, that is to say, to un- of a team of designers and developers, growing demographically. On symbolic places, nor does it sold, through credit, to a popu- awakening to the impact and
The state of Crisis dertake the already built construction should be a vehicle able to produce the contrary. Yet, for its citi- even attempt to replicate that lation that concentrated itself in roots of the marquises trend
as an object trouve. However, features great transformation. zens, housing is not a certain- idea of centre. It is a vast subjec- large metropolitan areas. took us to reversed opinions and
does not imply such as the depth of 22m, the 4m floor But what is really crucial is the ty. This is one of the findings tive city, a fractal metropolis The Greater Lisbon area dis- initiatives. In 2009, Lus Mes-
a lesser need for to ceiling, the position and the size of
existing staircases raises flags regard-
The Project: Varying cubic meters of housing.The embryo that encapsulates
the invisible ability of architectural agency to engineer compromises between
forces and stakeholders with conflicting interests in the urban field. Architecture
chance to experiment with new forms
of urban intervention, meaning that for
of last years study The Qual-
ity of Democracy in Portugal:
that no longer has an identifia-
ble centre and is now founded
plays all the themes of the con-
temporary city, though not en-
quita Dias, Unilever manager,
created an impacting anti-mar-
Architectural ing building regulations and municipal
planning law. In fact, even if light abun-
enabling itself different urban situations there should
be innovative ways of acting.
the Citizens Perspective . It
shows that housing production
on ambiguity and de-politiciza-
tion, often without the bounda-
tirely free from conflict with a
more traditional idea of city.
quises campaign. The autar-
chies of Oeiras (2002) and Ama-
ingenuity. On dance, air salubrity and spatial quality Beyond the crisis and beyond the has been disconnected from a ries that separate private from The countrys 40 years of de- dora (2011) challenged the resi-
are ensured by fragmenting the built ity. On the contrary, Crisis demands planning: Crisis opens up the prospect pause or halted construction develop- strategic vision for society. public as described by the phi- mocracy do not seem to have dents to legalize them. Applica-
the contrary, mass (see model picture on the right), an increase of out-of-the-box thinking for the intensification of Architec- ments, the key signal is that we mustnt We are currently going through losopher Giorgio Agamben. brought into question the fledg- tions for urban rehabilitation
Crisis demands a strict reading of current legal frame-
work can thwart this or any housing
and radical intervention. The current
gridlock in the real estate market and
tures operative influence regarding
the decision-making forces in the con-
stop and there are many ways of deal-
ing with the same issues in a broad
an enforced interruption in the
voracious process of building
Portuguese architecture has
known times when the experi-
ling public space, the dubious
access to public transports, the
programs (like Recria and Re-
criph) were flunked by illegal
an increase of project for the site, an issue that reveals
a lack of touch with contemporary real-
the construction sector forces all of its
agents to make structural changes and
temporary city. The Summoning the
Collective project intends to exempli-
partnership, and liaising with the
agents that intervene on the territory.
the territory. Over the last 30
years there has been no overall
ence of collective housing laid
the foundation for policy.
absence of leisure areas or pres-
ence of qualified architecture
marquises. The real estate val-
ues this informal adaptation and
out-of-the-box ity that will be addressed further on. to search for innovative practices if fy the possibility of a more micro-po- Therefore, the population as a critical vision or regional strategy. The In the 1940s with the Alvalade at least in public buildings. But marquises earned the statute of
they want to endure. This is the reason litically engaged architectural prac- mass of these territories is an agent State has long ago exempted it- neighbourhood in Lisbon, a so- the fact is that this rarefication a room instead of being per-
thinking and radical The Politics why this is such an absolutely unique tice. The project will be developed who can never be forgotten and must self from the responsibility of cial city/garden city; later with of the metropolitan city has not ceived just like a laudry or a tid-
intervention The state of Crisis does not imply a
opportunity for architecture to desta-
bilize current homogenised proce-
throughout the three issues of Home-
land and will continue beyond the
always be part of the urban equation. being a driving force for quali-
ty. Too many houses, the result
the new-town of Olivais in Lis-
bon or the participatory ap-
stopped life and generations of
citizens from running their
ing up space.
Sara Neves
lesser need for Architectural ingenu- dures and models that compose urban 2014 Venice Biennale. of unchecked speculation and proach to architecture of the course, and this urban world, Rua Sargento Armando Monteir, Olivais, Lisbon MIGUEL HENRIQUES
Rehab Rehab
1914/2014 Portugal rehabilitation /Jos Aguiar could create a new inhabited skyline
for Lisbon?
1879 1909-2014 1938-1940 1937-1959 1966-1970 1968 1988-2012 1999-2001 1970 2007
Lisboa, Santa Maria Coimbra, Praa de Lisboa, Castelo DGSU Study of the Porto, Barredo Lisboa, Chiado Porto, Praa da Batalha Guimares:
Lisbon Skyline Operation wants to
Guimares
de Belm Santiago de So Jorge Restoration of the Palace of Exploration and Defence of Porto, Barredo. Fernando During the fire. After the Before and after restoration Praa de Santiago reshape old rooftops allowing its full
Before and after restoration and restoration of the Before and after restoration the Dukes of Bragana Urban Landscape of Algarve Tvora: continue, thus restoration Before and after restoration use for housing, giving back this 5th
Santiago church innovating! facade as an asset for the city and as
a key element for Lisbons re-develop-
ment in the twenty first century. Top
floors present several construction
problems: the majority are badly built,
poorly insulated, and have low quality
of lighting and salubrity. By under-
standing the morphology of Lisbons
If Modernism
brought us flat
(Professor Maria Joo Neto) Boletim Monumentos, DGEMN Boletim Monumentos, DGEMN Boletim Monumentos, DGEMN Arch. Cabea Padro porto city hall lvaro Siza Fernando Tvora, Arch. Alexandra Gesta, Arch.
roofs as one of
Adalberto Dias Jos Aguiar
its revolutionary
ideas, can a
Economic changes and rundown housing reinterpretation
resulted in an urban battlefield of these spaces
Rooftop
revolutionise
the city?
Hypotesis
rooftops and channeling twenty first
century building technology, this op-
There is no need to endure claustrophobia when sunlight waits outside RUI PINHEIRO, 2014
eration will upgrade historical build-
ings and establish an effective strate-
Inverted City
gy for the citys regeneration. Thus,
condominiums and investors can en-
ter into a profitable and innovative
partnership. Skyline investments are
available for an enormous range of in-
vestors, from common citizens in
search of a home to call their own, to
big investors who always want to be
placed in the best location.
Building upside-down: A chance lies trapped under inefficient and forgotten ceilings Lisbon Skyline Operation starts by
revealing Lisbons roof-scape as a po-
dismantled, transforming the country tential physical resource for the reha-
ANDR TAVARES into a money-circulation platform, a bilitation of the consolidated city. For
service-oriented economy without a the last century these spaces re-
productive background. Successive Eu- Lisbon Skyline Operation is liter- ers need to organize and constitute a habited buildings. Nevertheless, most mained untouched. Can this be the
Graced with Atlantic breezes, Lisbons ropean economic crises have brought ARTRIA ally a top down strategy of spotting legal entity to manage their shared of todays uninhabited attics and por- ground to fund a Lisbonner house for
whitewashed appearance has re- this strategy to a dead end, forcing the places for investors and building a property stairs, halls, attics and por- ters lodges are wasted spaces in valu- the twenty first century? A house de-
mained largely unchanged since 1914. country to discover immediate export Lisbon today: an unique morphology requires more than design to achieve an endurable regeneration ARQUIVO MUNICIPAL DE LISBOA new and alternative model to rehabil- ters lodges. The condominium estab- able spots. signed to meet social, environmental
Gradually absorbed into the citys revenue; given Portugals warm cli- Driving along the citys hills, we become itate the deteriorated urban fabric. To lished itself as a simple way of manag- If Modernism brought us flat roofs and economic concerns and built upon
architecture, modernity has been mate and seaside location, tourism was aware of Lisbons beautiful city skyline, achieve this goal it is fundamental to ing collective housing. The scarcity of as one of its revolutionary ideas, can a collective premises. A house that can
scarcely noticed. However, this appar- an obvious choice to boost the econo- to do and what not to do. Despite this them out of the city center. There is a vanishing into the darkness of uninhab- revisit the concept of communal financial resources faced by the ma- reinterpretation of these spaces revo- invert the cycle of degradation in the
ent timelessness conceals Lisbons cru- my. Todays Lisbon is extremely differ- evidence, architects continue to dis- struggle going on, not only to conserv- ited roof-scape. For an architect, catch- space. Lisbons residential buildings jority of neighbours is often an obsta- lutionise the city? What if these com- historic city. In the inverted city, top
el decay: the city is no longer the same
as it once was. Lisbons population has
ent from the one that existed yesterday,
just as it will be different from the one
cuss the sex of angels: every week is a
good one for debating rehabilitation,
While the city atively preserve the downtown area,
but also to forestall the occurrence of
ing a sight of this is a trigger to engender
a new act. Above our heads lies a hidden
are based upon this notion. This verti-
cally layered organization has created
cle to undertaking the necessary
maintenance work, resulting in a
munal upper floors were used as an
economic resource to rehabilitate en-
floors are devices to activate rehabili-
tation and shape Lisbon for the twenty
been constantly decreasing over sev- we find tomorrow. While dramatically giving the impression that rehabilita- faces a number certain inevitable situations. And Lis- key for the citys rehabilitation. shared common areas, for which own- large number of deteriorated but in- tire buildings? What if these spaces first century.
eral decades, its service-based econo- raising expectations, tourism has also tion will provide complete redemption boners like tourism: tourists are beau-
my having driven the citys inhabitants piled enormous pressure onto a fragile for every architect. Meanwhile, the city of critical issues, tiful creatures and they bring much
out into the suburbs, leaving the his- urban fabric, which now seems to be is being transformed with some ex-
its urban fabric needed activity to the city. The difficul-
toric city center districts under the
thrall of extremely high land values.
The citys development has brought
reviving real estate funds that had sim-
ply been waiting for an opportunity to
resume their investments. Soon, the
tremely disappointing architectural
examples, predatory practices con-
firming that the goodwill of architects
has remained
ty is in avoiding those rehabilitation
processes that are gradually expelling
the citys inhabitants and, while doing
LISBON SKYLINE OPERATION
greater economic expectations, while similarities between Lisbon in 1914 and is clearly keen to meet the standard almost unchanged so, jeopardizing the uniqueness of a Eu- The degraded state of buildings in Lisbons historic districts
is obvious. Although there are a series of urban dynamics and
The citys hilly topography offers a unique view over its
rooftops, mansards, and terraces, while, in turn, from
an incongruous rent law has impeded 2014 will begin to disappear; it is a par- wishes of international companies; ropean capital that somehow seemed
a flexible use of housing. A complex adoxical situation, since tourism is identical carpets and air-conditioning since 1914 to have escaped the twentieth century. economic reasons that can explain this decay, this proposal
seeks to show the possibility of considering innovative
these places one enjoys outstanding urban panoramas of
Lisbons charms. Addressing the expectant rooftops as
combination of phenomena led to the highly attracted by those same unique systems have replaced the unique qual- That is the reason why design is not
solutions that can reverse the current cycle. In making certain commodity represents an alternative strategy both to the
current situation: a degraded urban qualities that it will seemingly help to ities of Lisbons heritage. Admittedly, enough, nor is it even fundamental.
design proposals for the citys deserted and undervalued mega-operations of reparcelling historic buildings to reach
fabric on the verge of collapse, very few extinguish. Nevertheless, the dice have this process is not confined to Lisbon, Architecture must be used to think ar-
rooftops, Lisbon Skyline is trying to find the necessary the required size for real estate investments, and to the
residents, high property values and been cast and transformations are now but Lisbon matters to us. How can we ily, unlike other economic activities. In chitecturally, to provide simple solu-
mechanisms that can trigger a participative rehabilitation unfulfilled expectations that the redesign of public spaces
scanty investment resources. taking place. reverse the trend of these ongoing de- Lisbon, it is only counterbalanced by tions to complex problems, such solu-
process. The roofs of a large number of Lisbons historical will, per se, activate the rehabilitation of private property.
The Portuguese economy has shifted It seems that design, and design velopments? One thing seems obvious: the enduring attractiveness of a capital tions being crucial for helping inhabit-
buildings are common property of their inhabitants; this Lisbon Skyline Operation provides us with the architectural,
its focus in an attempt to match Euro- alone, might be a useful tool for stimu- design is not enough. If we are con- city. However, in rehabilitating Lis- ants to continue living in the city, par-
significant asset might allow important investment solutions legal and economic concepts needed to engender
pean standards and practices. The pre- lating Lisbons urgently needed reha- cerned here with the fundamentals, bons historic districts, the challenge is ticipating in its life, and being part of
for the city. It might seem complicated, but it is, in fact, easy: rehabilitation through the collective endeavor of the citys
viously existing, and somewhat precar- bilitation. There are a number of good these are not to be found in design. to engender alternative economic mod- its continuing rehabilitation. In Lisbon,
the strategy is to recreate the citythrough its rooftops. inhabitants: step by step, house by house, roof by roof.
ious, agricultural, fishing and indus- rehabilitation practices to be found, Portuguese tourism is being devel- els that will enable inhabitants to with- today, architecture must be a tool to
trial structures have been gradually plenty of examples that teach us what oped as a monoculture, growing stead- stand the pressure threatening to drive combat undesirable trends. RUI PINHEIRO, 2014
Lisbon Skyline: a hidden key to pursue the citys regeneration Alvalade

XX century
Lisbon is an old city, where about 90% of the buildings date back to before 1985 and more Senhora do Monte scenic lookout
than a half are in need of repair. Since 1991 the city has lost about 9500 buildings, which XII century
Campo Pequeno
illustrates the scale of real estate investment operations that tend to merge small plots Graa district
XIX century
into larger buildings that are easier to monetize, but change the urban and social fabrics. Avenidas Novas
Colnias district XX century
XX century
Scheme Artria and Armanda Vilar , 2014
S. Jorge Castle
X century
Lisbon Cathedral Alfama/ Mouraria

XIIXIII century district
2011
52.496
LISBONS MUNICIPALITY PER

NUMBER OF BUILDINGS OF
Terreiro do Pao Baixa Pombalina
XVIII century XVIII century
CONSTRUCTION PERIOD
Tagus River 2001
53.387
[Source: INE, CENSOS]

1991
62.041
22.389 <1951 25.578 19511985 5.420 19862001
Rehab Culture
The city Trying policies

LISBOA city hall
Manuel Salgado
In Portugal there are several
through
municipal initiatives promot-
ing urban rehabilitation, not
just in the main cities as Lisbon
Urban and Porto, but also in other
the
smaller urban areas. Beyond
quite a lot of tax benefits, RE-
challenge
CRIA, RECRIPH and SOLARH
are the names of the most
known programs.
F
looking
In Lisbon, the most recent ini-
tiative says Rehabilitate it First,
ounded as a trading post on the es- Pay for it Later. It is a coopera-
tuary of the river Tagus, Lisbon tion between the City Hall, the
has grown up around the castle. banks and potential buyers. The
glass
When the kingdom of Portugal idea is simple: the vacant munic-
was founded, the city extended it- ipal buildings in need of rehabil-
selfalong the riverfront and also to itation intervention are put up
the first row of hills. for sale by public auction. After
Until the 18th century the city was purchase, the investor is obliged
compact but fragmented, moulded to the to perform a rehabilitation work
topography of the land and punctuated by in order to put the housing on
Which card can be played by architec- some large buildings. the market. The payment is de-
ture when facing such an entangled In 1755 the big earthquake destroyed most layed until after the intervention
scenario with contradictory goals and of the city, afterwards rebuilt reaching out is completed, within a maxi-
eventually struggling players? It seems to the North according to a strict XVIII mum period of 3 years. At a time
one needs to immerse oneself in a won- century Enlightenment Urban Plan. when access to credit is ham-
derland scenario, ignoring the harsh During the dictatorship Lisbon, consoli- pered, the City Council believes
reality in order to transform it. A dated as the capital of a colonial empire, that the deferral of payment
colorful vision is needed and when was marked by strong urban and archi- stands out as a contribution to
coming back from the looking glass it tectural interventions. the reanimation of the construc-
is possible to have a better card to play. Today, after 40 years of democracy, Lis- tion sector.
Indeed, Lisbon Skyline Operation bon is trying to portrait itself as a city Since the program implementa-
aims to be the trump card amidst Lis- which has kept its roots, enhancing its re- tion in early 2013, 4 public auc-
bons urban struggles. lationship with the river, its cosmopolitan tions were held and 61 properties
The point of departure are the his- nature (which comes from being a port were sold. Contrary to the expec-
toric districts, their colorful heritage city), and the historical, scenic and archi- tation that only real estate compa-
and resistant Lisbonners. Lisbon is it- tectural heritage of a city which was not nies would participate, 55% from
self the source for regeneration. The destroyed by World War 2. the 165 applications submitted so
The phoenix
clash between an old city in need of But the last 40 years have not been ex- far were held by individuals.
rehabilitation with the urban regula- empt from contradictions. With the end This program aims to imple-
tions and real estate possibilities is of the colonial empire Lisbon City peaked ment the comprehensive reha-
meant to be mastered through a sharp to a maximum population of 800,000 in- bilitation of the municipal herit-
legal analysis. habitants in 1980. From then onwards the age of the capital. However, only
The ambiguous legal status of roof- inner city population has been declining about 7% of the citys derelict
tops and a buildings common areas as people move further and further out- buildings are from the City
allows one to envision the Skyline Op- side the city centre and towards the pe- Council. 67% belongs to individ-
eration. Maneuvering through the riphery. Now its population is reduced to uals or private companies. Not
arid field of legislation, architects can 550,000 inhabitants. solving the problem in its entire-
foresee a colorful reward. Thus, The freezing of rents, bad mortgage lend- A sequence, not a destination. Urban Regeneration as a powerful code for human evolution ty, the Board sets the example,
through architectural tools, the pos- ing policies, lack of control over of the pro- as an owner, of what may be a
sibilities discovered will directly inter- cess of urbanisation and the support for the possible solution for the future
act with the physical restraints of real- use of the private car are all factors which of vacant heritage.
ity. Eventually, such tools will be able have led to the sprawl and the lack of invest- Zara Ferreira
to transform the restraints into oppor- ment in the city centre. The middle class, streams; as it still is (and dubbed A constant squence
JOO SEIXAS
Reabilita
tunities. Furthermore, contemporary many young families, moved out of the city, rehabilitation) in most places. It
technologies and sustainable ambi- leaving the historical centre empty. Many Geographer, researcher and professor cannot be a simplistic salvific What to do, then? It is not so
Lisbon Skyline search engine: combining anarchitectural point of view with the investors at the University of Lisbon
tions are helpful to boost the previous building are unoccupied and in an acceler- door where some now fashion- much a question on how to be;
perspective on community requirements / www.lisbonskyline.pt Artria and Armanda Vilar , 2014
interactions into effective allies, con- ated state of deterioration. ably direct. That would turn out much rather on how to go. Not
verting what could be seen as offensive The phenomenon of young people and jobs In Greek mythology the phoenix to be a significant loss of its a destination, but a sequence.
or waste into profitable reward. leaving the city centre is threatening the was a beautiful bird that cyclical- main essence. Urban regenera- The supreme value must not be There are more than 21.000
To be effective, such strategy needs cohesion of the city which has started to be- ly died by fire or decomposition; tion must be an enduring and the future, but the present, buildings in Lisbon in need of ur-
to be deployed accurately. The propos- come polarised between the traditionally then regenerated itself every evolutionary culture. A Darwin- wrote the Mexican writer Oc- gent rehabilitation. Many build-
al finds its logic through the meanders upper class areas and the neighbourhoods morning, gaining new life from ian phoenix. tavio Paz. A cultural thus po- ings are completely empty; oth-
of the city, from its formal skyline to mainly inhabited by old people, immigrants its own ashes. As weve known litical stand, looking not to any ers have just one or two apart-
the deepness of its legal traps. Archi- and other underprivileged minorities living for a long time, myths are rele- A new paradigm sort of static city. For the city ments occupied by tenants.
tecture must be invisible, the purpose in low quality housing. The great challenge vant. Whether they extend, con- does not exist. What exists is ur- These buildings end up being left
for the future of Lisbon is to counter this fuse or mislead our perceptions In a heroic effort, in Lisbon-city ban fabric. Or better said, and as and neglected just waiting for the
trend. Is it possible to maintain the identity of reality, they are sacred narra- and over the last six years Deleuze and Guattari quite eco- end of their life cycle as owners
The proposal of the city while filling the empty buildings,
re-using the obsolete, renovating the ru-
tives, huxleyan doors to human
self-understanding.
(2008-2013) around a thousand
million euros (public and pri-
logically expressed, what exists
is a rhizome: an urban genome.
cannot afford the rehabilitation
of their properties because they
finds its logic ined buildings and regenerating these
neighbourhoods? All this whilst avoiding
The contemporary urban
magma, the highest human col-
vate money) were invested in
urban rehabilitation and urban cial, political and ecological
An urban genome: a collective
human projection; a multi-rela-
are decapitalized.
The Reabilita (literally Reha-
through the gentrification! It is not easy, mainly be- lective achievement ever, is ob- renewal. But this is not yet the Because the credit. Giving rise to huge tional human geography. A (pos- bilitate it), a Lisbon based small
cause public resources are lacking and the viously a proper landscape for economic mainstream ap- debts; and to important losses sibly) helicoidal structure with company, mediates between own-
meanders of the only business opportunities for private in- myths; the urban myth has be- proach for our cities; still seen city is, per of population densities, of hu- dynamics, sequences, relatio ers and investors while playing an
city, from its vestment are in the high-end housing mar-

ket and in residential tourism.
come a cultural key-word.
Urban rehabilitation has be-
as a bit abnormal or at the most
a palliative action. According excellence, the man connections, of energy,
economic and ecological effi-
ships. Building and rebuilding tis-
sues. Within landscapes of inter-
important role as an expert on re-
habilitation and real estate mar-
formal skyline to The main aims of municipal policies are,
therefore, to prevent young people from
come an urban myth. Which is
good. It transports in itself sev-
with the municipality, for the
complete rehabilitation of the
most promising ciencies. But the huge crisis
were in is the combination of
actions, contradictions and para-
doxes; inherent to the human ge-
ket. With a business model close to
people, a proposal is presented to
the deepness of leaving; to make housing economically ac-
cessible to young people, and to attract
eral key-messages for our com-
mon future. Especially after a
buildings of the main metropol-
itan urban centre alone, there
landscape for other crashes including of
politics and its values. The
nome itself. Morphological and
cognitive structures developing
owners according the possibilities,
promoting a win-win solution for
its legal traps young talent and new companies to these
areas. To do this, we have been investing in
crude understanding that our
old models for progress, based
will be a need for something
more like eight thousand mil-
every human evangelic and supposedly anti-
crisisausterity politics is a mis-
through fast or slow evolutionary
processes, by absorption or
both: investors and proprietary.
Dealing with the whole building
the renovation of the city, particularly in on continuous urbanisation, are lion euros, and the existence of desire. For leading myth that not only learning, by sudden or planned and not only with singular apart-
equipment and public space. We have re- not immortal. But as a myth, it a strong economic sector linked magnifies the effects of the actions. Organisms with knowl- ments, they invest in urban regen-
claimed the riverfront and we have gradu- can be misunderstood; even to it. This showing that the every utopia crashes but also curtails the edge, values, memories. With eration with minimal changes.
being not to shape amazing images ally transformed the way we move around misleading. Supposedly, the market is huge, meaning dec- construction of wider and ef- multiple and successive selves. There are no excavations to fit
but to find the conditions to activate the city, giving priority to pedestrians, bikes phoenix was always the very ades or even a permanent sta- fectively sustainable paradig- With codes of meaning; codes new garages, extensions and
architecture. One by one, owners and and electric cars. same animal. But that was a tus of fine economic dynamics, matic shifts. that can as well serve to reinvig- floors raised up or demolitions of
inhabitants should engage in the Lis- There are many sub-cities in Lisbon, such long time ago; meanwhile, along with several architectur- and births. The future is not In recent years we have been orate as to languish. But nonethe- the interiors in order to build
bon Skyline Operation, finding in its as Phoenican, Roman and Arab, which can Charles Darwin showed us how al possibilities. Parabolically pre-determined; but some al- trying to square the circle, mend- less, codes of evolution. brand-new apartments. The pres-
strategy the possibility to resist the be seen in the different layers of soil and in evolution silently and constant- speaking, when the last build- ternatives are possible; and ing and mending over habitats, We have thus to re-frame each ervation of the existing buildings
economic pressures and political each neighbourhood. It is this history which ly works on each genome. Let us ing will have been rehabilitated some arent. The collapse of the equities, mobilities, consump- place of the built urban rhizome is ensured thanks to the adapta-
power of predator players. Then, we want to respect and reinterpret in order then combine poetry, science or renewed, there will be thou- still ever-present urban pro- tion. Mending can be a way of life whether we like it or not as a tion to the current needs through
architecture will have the opportu- to build a more cohesive and prosperous and politics. If the myth of the sands to start over again. A way duction models can be widely but not a real change of para- good and functional habitat; as the renovation of the facilities lo-
nity to exist and find its place in the city. Architecture plays an integral role in phoenix contains the strength of life, therefore. A living crea- seen in the Lisbon metropolis. digm. For a complete new type of a sustainable place; as a land- cated in the common areas: water
palimpsest of history, an opportunity this task. The project by Siza Vieira, who of hugely symbolic elements like ture. A phoenix. In last decades a continuous ur- progress is needed, based on ur- scape of opportunity for each networks, electricity, communi-
often denied nowadays. rebuilt Chiado after the 1988 fire, shows resurrection, time control, even But not yet a living and learn- banization tsunami occurred; ban life as the macro-inductor and every citizen. Enhancing cations and sewage. The rehabili-
Lisbons panorama is a delightful how rehabilitated stone can give new life consecration; the human mind ing creature. Not yet a Darwin- and at the peak of metropolitan for evolution. A post-Fordist, vast and at the same time closer tation of the building envelope (fa-
occasion to rethink the demiurgic po- to a neighbourhood. might project urban rehabilita- ian phoenix. For urban regen- urban sprawl , between 1981 post-Keynesian, post-Corbusian maps of good densities, of het- ades, roofing, window frames)
sition of the modern architect. Down- It is the great challenge for architects in tion with other elements in ways eration to stand as a paradigm, and 2011 an average of 2.3 new type of progress. An urban revo- erogeneous landscapes, of liq- and the common spaces is always
town Lisbon escaped twentieth cen- Lisbon to intervene in the existing city. that evolution might naturally and albeit becoming a pillar for houses were built per hour. Not lution. Because we now live in an uid mobilities. And all over, se- a priority and the addition of a lift
tury architecture and architects. There are many opportunities to recover succeed. Developing conditions it, more is needed than just clas- to mention the sprawl of high- anthropocentric era, where curing social textures for equi- is often considered in order to im-
What did we inherit from such an spaces and obsolete buildings in order to and habitats for urban regener- sical rehabilitation. ways, shopping malls, logistic more than half of us want to be table rights, for liberal transac- prove mobility in taller buildings.
oblivion? What were the outcomes of bring new life to its historical areas. Cul- ation to happen. What more? Some essentials. platforms.. Loads of new hous- urban and still arent. Because tions, for cultural enhance- At the end the company delivers a
it? Lisbon Skyline Operation aims to ture, sensitivity and intelligence are need- In that sense, urban regenera- Our ways of life cannot remain es and loads of built space; the city is the most ecological ment. Creating excellent condi- fully renovated building and the
use the tools of modern architecture, ed to make interventions which bring val- tion is not a conjuncture or par- the same as they were. And our- some used space but vast quan- model of human settlement. And tions for urban and thus, for clients just need to renovate/up-
its analytical power and design ex- ue to the city without destroying what tial idea, based on old para- selves, our families, our inter- tities of empty space, of drifted because the city is, per excel- human evolution. An evolu- date their own apartments. www.
pertise, to immerse itself in this con- makes it unique. digms of capital circulation, actions; we are not exactly the space. A model based on needs lence, the most promising land- tionary urban regeneration dy- reabilita.pt
temporary struggle. Architecture is Urban struggles: Community, Investors and Municipality argue to pursue their ambitions semi-monopolistic rents, tourist same. We are witnessing an his- but above all on credit: on large scape for every human desire. namics. A living and learning Zara Ferreira
the ammunition. Fotografia de Rui Pinheiro, The Lisbon Game Artria and Armanda Vilar , 2014 centres and architectural main- torical landscape of crashes amounts of land, financial, so- For every utopia. creature. A Darwinian phoenix.
Detached Detached
1914/2014 Detached housing in Portugal /Jos Manuel Fernandes

1912-14 1929-31 1937 1939-43 1947-50 1950-52 1954-57 1958-62 1959-66 1962 1964-68 1968-71 1971-75 1984-87 1994-97 1995-98 2000-2005 2006-2011
Cipestre House Monserrate House House Honrio de Lima House Dr Antnio Rocha House Frias na Corujeira House Marinhas House Dr.Barata House Jorge Viana House Jlio Resende House- lvaro Trigo House Trigo de Negreiros House Martins dos Santos House Csar Ferreira House Nemsio Dias House Fonseca Macedo House Cortegaa House Possanco House
S. Pedro de Sintra, Raul Lino Rua Melo e Sousa 11a, in Av. Columbano Bordalo (demolished) Rua Honrio Rua Dr. Agostinho Barbosa, (in ruins) Rua Monte da Bela Marinhas, Esposende, Rua Antnio Joaquim de So Pedro do Areeiro, -Atelier Rua Pro de Alenquer 8, Praceta Antnio Ferro, Nova Bairro do Rosrio, Cascais, Alcanena, Gonalo Byrne (destroyed by the sea) Lagoa, So Miguel, Aores, (old barn) Cortegaa, Alccer do Sal, ARX,
Estoril, Porfrio Pardal Pinheiro 87, Cassiano Branco de Lima, Porto, Viana de Guimares, Lus Oliveira / rua Dr. Jos Marques, Viana de Lima Barros, praa Infante de Oeiras, Jorge Viana Valbom, Gondomar, Jos encosta do Restelo, Oeiras, Jorge Viana Manuel Tainha Restelo Lagoa, So Miguel, Pedro Maurcio Borges and Mortgua, Joo Nuno and Jos Mateus
1912-14 Monteiro Lima Martins Porto, Armnio Losa and Lacerda, rua Lusa Soeiro Carlos Loureiro Maurcio de Vasconcelos Joo Maia Macedo Miguel Figueira Mendes Ribeiro
Artur Prat House 1939 1955 1959-60 1968-71 1973-75 1984-89 2007-2010
Cassiano Barbosa Cravo,Vila Viosa, Nuno
Av. Antnio Augusto de 1930 Manuel Antnio 1941-44 1949-51 Ribeiro Cunha House Teotnio Pereira, Nuno Portas Conceio Silva House 1962 1965 Vitor Gallo House Beires House Quinta do Lago House 1991-98 1995-2000 2001-2003 House in Ilha do Pico
Aguiar, 3D, Lisboa, Ventura Blard da Fonseca House Vasconcelos House Lus Cristino da Silva House Jos Braga House 1951 Av. das Descobertas, Guincho, Cascais, Francisco Conceio Silva House Rua do Pr do Sol 31, So Pvoa do Varzim, lvaro Quinta do Lago, Conc. de Dr. Antnio Rui Reis House Sousa Ramos House Vila Fresca de Azeito Ins Vieira da Silva
Carvalho e Silva House
Guerra Av. Antnio Jos de Almeida, Av. Gaspar Frutuoso, Ponta Av. Pedro lvares Cabral, Rua Santos Pousada, Porto, Avio House Restelo, Lisboa, Francisco 1958-61 Conceio Silva Malveira da Serra, conc. Sintra, Dafundo-Algs, Oeiras, Pedro de Moel, Marinha Siza Vieira Loul, Eduardo Souto Travessa do Souto 154 A, Tapada, Cabeo de Vide, House and Miguel Vieira
Lus Cristinino da Silva Delgada, Eng. Manuel Lisboa, Lus Cristino da Silva Celestino de Castro (for the Judge Leite Martins Conceio Silva House Francisco Conceio Silva Grande, Manuel Tainha de Moura Cristelo, Souto, Eduardo Portalegre, Joo Lus Manuel and Francisco
1914-18 1960-61 Francisco Conceio Silva 1979 Carrilho da Graa 2008-2010
Antnio Vasconcelos Polana) Maputo, Loureno in Senhora da Rocha, Souto de Moura Aires Mateus
Egas Moniz House 1932-33 1942 1950-52 Marques, Pancho Guedes 1956-58 Armao de Pra, Pitum Keil Almeida Lima House 1965 1971 Henrique Braz House 1985-88 House in Leiria
1963 Vale de Lobo House Negrito, Angra do Herosmo, Fonte Fria House 1999-2000
Avanca concelho de Florida House 1939-44 Deodato Soares House Rangel Lima House Dr. Fernando Ribeiro do Amaral Rua de So Francisco, Old English House 1992-2001 2003 Manuel and Francisco
Estarreja, Ernesto Korrodi (EVA magazine competition) Serralves House / Av. Gaspar Frutuoso 14, Av. Gago Coutinho, Lisboa, 1953-55
da Silva House Ribeira Grande, So Miguel, Jos Gomes Ferreira House Beco do Balo, Alta de Av. do Mar, Vale de Lobo, Terceira, Henrique Braz Serra de So Mamede, Joo Pacheco de Melo Alenquer House Quelfes House Aires Mateus
Lus Cristinino da Silva, Rua Ponta Delgada, Eduardo Maurcio de Vasconcelos Lino Gaspar House 1959 Aores, Joo Correia Rebelo Albarraque, Raul Hestnes Loul, Vitor Figueiredo Portalegre, Joo Lus Manuel and Francisco Aires Olho, Ricardo Bak Gordon
1926-29 Conde de Vizela Pinhal de Ofir, Fo,
Ferreira
Luanda, Vasco Vieira da Costa
and Jorge Silva 1980-85 Carrilho da Graa House Mateus 2009-2011
Jos da Cunha Taborda,
Rua de Serralves, 977, Porto
Read Teixeira Rua Paulo da Gama 3, Esposende Fernando Tvora Ferdinando Bianchi House Canada dos Bares 22,
Felix Ribeiro Lopes House 5 e 7, Fundo 1950-51 Alto do Lagoal, Caxias, Estrada Monumental 210, 1960
1966
Avelino Duarte House 2003-2006 Barrocal House
Marques da Silva (and others) 1971-73 1987-92 Pedro Maurcio Borges 2000
Av. 5 Outubro 207-215, 1944 Sousa Pinto House Joo Andresen 1957-60 Funchal, Raul Choro House 1964-68
Gomes da Costa House-
Av. da Rgua 937, Ovar, Pedro Cabrita Reis Houses Algarve, ARX,
Porfrio Pardal Monteiro 1936
1939-41 Guida Keil House Av. Vasco da Gama 2, Eng. Pinto da Costa House Ramalho (demolished) Portinho da Alves Costa House Sergio Fernandez House lvaro Siza Vieira Dr. Fernando Pedro de 1994-99 Melides House Nuno and Jos Mateus
-Atelier Casa Queimada, Tavira,
Vale Florido House Manoel de Oliveira House Rodzio, Praia das Mas, Restelo, Lisboa, Francisco 1954-56
Av. de Sintra, Cascais, Arrbida, Eduardo Anahory Moledo, lvaro Siza Vieira Portela, Caminha Carvalho House Margarida Leo House
Grndola, Manuel and
Ricardo Bak Gordon 2009-2012
Estoril, Lus Cristinino Sintra, Francisco Keil Keil do Amaral Sande e Castro House Rua Reitor Teixeira Guedes Zibreira, Estrada Nacional Francisco Aires Mateus
Rua da Vilarinha 431-475, Ruy DAthoguia (restoration award)
da Silva do Amaral Bairro da Gandarinha, 42-44, Faro, Gomes da Costa 243, Torres Novas, Eduardo House in Santo Estevo
Porto, Jos Porto Bairro da Ajuda, Lisboa, Miguel Marcelino
Cascais, Ruy DAthoguia Souto de Moura Paulo Gouveia
Map of places of intimacy

From the room to the territory
How do we think
and create intimacy Intimacy as an architectonic scale of the territory
in architecture? The Map of Places

of Intimacy, by SAMI
Arquitectos results
SUSANA VENTURA
period that ran from the Case Study Houses
to the Un-Private Houses (allowing, at times,
as well, an overlap of both exercises). But, if
from the call for
In SAMI architectss proposal the
one excludes these formal and programmat-
ic-functional exercises, what stands out as
projects in the
detached house is moving to the heart
of the city.
singular in the detached house that has been
present along its own history? What remains
of the shapes and types, the modulations and
Portuguese cities
measurements? Starting from their own ex-
perience, SAMI asked themselves, what would
by the Portuguese
The desire to, one day, build a house, overlook-
ing the distant landscape and presenting itself
up close, magnificent and exuberant, will al-
the houses they designed say about themselves,
discovering, then, that it corresponds to the
very way in which they were being drawn:
curator and of the
ways remain. Therell be the wish to talk to an
architect about the familys daily habits and
from that intimate and two-way dialogue be-
tween client and architect, between desire work developed with
the desire of having the house metamorphos-
ing those movements and gestures into walls,
doors and windows, terraces and stairways.
and design. But would it make sense to think
about a space of intimacy, that was not the
result of that infinitesimal balancing (as if
their common halls.
Many conversations will follow about each of
these spaces, beyond their functions and
fine-tuning a piano or a violin) of the space
born out of the desire of a specific client? SAMI have chosen
the city of Setbal
about perfecting its harmony with a way of liv- The detached house conveys, in itself, the
ing, and how they will also shelter the dreams, idea of a private space (notwithstanding var-
and anguishes and the passing of time. A iations resulting from social and cultural dif-
house for life.
Independently of epochs, this desire is ever
ferences) associated, generally, to an interior
space, which may itself meld with the space as a site to
investigate how
present, even if sporadically. And there are of intimacy. However, an interior space isnt,
architects for whom their conversations are, necessarily, the space of intimacy, where one
exactly, those: how each family builds and or- desires to build that intimate dialogue be-
ganizes itself, where do children play, when do
they have visitors and where do they like to
host them, and whether they have the habit of
tween inhabitant and space, a tactile space,
which reminds us of the intimacy between
two naked bodies embracing and which has
such an attitude
moving their summer and winter clothes be-
tween closets as the seasons change This is
the ability to attract, through its design and
composition, a natural posture of the body
might become
not the same type data needed as for those who
define volumes and limits, maximum dimen-
sions for construction areas and ratios for plots
(the I of the body in space), capable of receiv-
ing all of its minute variations. A space, as the
Portuguese architect Vtor Figueiredo would
manifest within a
of land, which match numbers and urbaniza-
tion plans (and, neither is it about the door
say, capable of harbouring grief and tears,
when we need the most to be intimate with
concrete situation.
handle, permeating all scales like a design ex- ourselves and with the Other. The space of
ercise in itself). It is about an intimate dialogue, intimacy is a space where to sleep, lie, sit, look
born out of a relationship between a specific at the landscape become imperceptible move-
client and his architect, whom he chose, to re- ments, long unhurried pauses, where time
alize his dream. SAMIs work is a beautiful stands still and the world is kept outside. And, Guide for every city
story of the various dialogues they have been nonetheless, it is necessary to build one oth-
building with their clients, where the house er intimate relationship between the house
receives their first names, maximum expres- and the landscape so that it does not appear 1. Select a city and place its map in 4. Try to zoom in to each one of 5. These singular places can 7. Moreover, a high density 9. The detached house also
sion of not only the intimacy created between crushing, distant or indifferent. The land- front of you. If you dont have one, you these plots, to identify those therefore be understood as development would probably appeals to an intimacy of
architect and client, as the house itself becomes scape emerges, unequivocally, as the Other could try to draw it from memory or just which may be singular places. rare opportunities within the destroy the singularity of these the design itself, which requires
the imperceptible limit of space and body, it to those whom inhabit the house. close your eyes and imagine At this moment, youll need an even contemporary urban condition where places, given its reduced size a this same special way of looking,
not only harbours the lives of those who in- SAMI embarked in another exercise start- the city. You should be intimately more intuitive and sensitive perception it is still possible to build a detached detached house maintains a careful perceiving and understanding
habit it, but participates in it, creating it and ing, exactly, at this relationship of intimacy familiar with it. A close and profound to determine whether these house (the view is still an object of equilibrium between built and open landscape, using sensibility and
changing its tonalities. that the detached house builds with the land- knowledge of the territory, apprehended unqualified voids may be considered desire and creating a retreati at the very space, at the same time creating intuition as modes of perception,
Parallel to this story, there is that other tra- scape. If in a natural and idyllic landscape, through time, is highly recommended. singular places.A singular place is heart of the city is still possible). different degrees of relationship in order to extract from the
dition of the detached house as an experimen- like the places where some of their houses in defined by its unyielding expressive between landscape, streets, blocks, landscape its traces of expression,
tal form-program par excellence, where two the Azores were built, this relationship is clear, 2. The scale of the city is not so characteristics, whether geographical, 6. The detached house neighbourhoods and view. its lines of strength, its atmospheres,
great lineages come together, which Portu- how does one create this similar space of in- important, but you should locate topographical, solar or historical, - thought about and designed its materials and their composition,
guese architecture doesnt also escape: the timacy on empty plots in the centre of a dense yourself at the centre of it. You may those that offer strong poetic from each of its rooms 8. Still, a detached house is almost like the work of a goldsmith.
exercises on form, which, nowadays, culmi- city? Taking as an example the city of Setbal, even draw a line to define its area. relationships and counterpoints to - has the potential to create an able to solve some of the citys But, most importantly it presents a
nate in resorts composed of detached houses where they work, they created, after several You should not be more than a 5-10 the landscape. The particular intimate relationship with these problems: consolidate its fabric, transformation that converts all
designed by renowned architects, like a re- conversations and debate with the local au- minute drive away (during rush hour) atmosphere of these places embodies apparently ambiguous spaces, drawing establish important relationships, these singularities, strengths, lines
make of the Corbusian dream of disseminat- thority urban planning teams, a Map of Spac- from the most distant point drawn the intimate correspondences that out the singularities which differentiate between different topographical levels, and materials into the subject of
ing multiple Villa Savoye through the Argen- es of Intimacy as an answer to that extreme- on this perimeter, to the centre. emerge through the simultaneous them from one another and creating maintain an exquisite green space, a work of architecture through
tinian pampas, adapted to the eccentricity of ly difficult question posed of todays cities and reading of a vast territory and its a place for a family (and because of and care for a place that otherwise would the architects design.
expression of individuality and difference which seems to remit to the eternal question 3. You should now look for vacant singularities, usually overlooked by its location at thecity centre, it thus be condemned (despite
and, afterwards, the programmatic-function- that Le Corbusier, facing the Acropolis, once plots within the perimeter youve the macro-scale of contemporary simplifies daily life for a family). todays move towards a new romanticism 10. Now, you can zoom out
al essays trying to speculate about the future, asked: Why these temples? Why here? drawn. Usually, the city centres are urban planning (for which a city is about urban ruins and look at your own Map of Places
the dysfunctional relationships and endless Sometimes, it is in unusual places, like the extremely dense, but probably there are mainly a smooth blank piece of paper). and undefined spaces) to a state of Intimacy.
alterations between routines, labour and in- ones shown here, that architecture seems to a few voids that have survived the citys of abandonment and decay.
ter-personal relationships, which we appear, provide another meaning to the landscape construction process.
in the meantime, to have exhausted in the and makes it its home.
Detached International
The view is still an object of desire No buyers for

Setbal city hall
MARIA DAS DORES
Through the lens and composition of Paulo Catrica, the photographs

Mayor of Setbal
NELSON MOTA
Architect, Lecturer and Researcher at Pritzkers
More City,
TUDelft Department of Architecture
The recipe for success seemed
express the domestic scale of intimacy of the different places as the view Architecture plays an important
granted: housing project by the
latest Pritzker prize in the coun-
is framed and becomes inhabited
Better
role in the politics of accultura- try, Souto de Moura, located in
tion, where difference and iden- one of the Seven Wonders of Por-
tity are fundamental elements to tugal, Sete Cidades in the island
Future
express the ethos of the discipli- of So Miguel, Azores. But not if
nary approach. These elements they were social houses meant to
become especially relevant in be bought by local families with
times of crisis, where divisions low incomes and they couldnt af-
are deepened, and binary polari- ford them.
T
ties surface as symptom of the Co-financed by local govern-
anxiety of contamination. This ment, the 27 detached houses
Albarquel Fort
Very exposed place, on the beach,
he Municipality of Setbal has
been putting in place a devel-
opment strategy for its terri-
phenomenon can be testified by
the recent growth of ethnic ten-
sions in many neighbourhoods of
would help prevent the youth
from migrating towards the city.
In early 2012 the first 11 built
it has a very strong relationship tory enhancing its enormous European cities, hitherto known houses were put on sale, and even
with the plain and the horizon line. landscape and environmental for their progressive social wel- though the government could
It is a place of absolute evasion, value and reinforcing the mu- fare policies. History has shown cover up to 25% of their price, no
both terrifying and peaceful, nicipalitys position as a real that architecture was often a ve- house was sold. Seven families
where one has the feeling of the regional pole of the Lisbon hicle for social inclusion, but also were in fact interested but the
infinite, born in the plaza-terrace Metropolitan Area. at times instrumentalized to ca- bank didnt finance them, or any-
and which seems to extend far out To that end we are concluding the revi- ter for the construction of fiction- one at that point. This lack of in-
to sea. Despite being close to the sion of the Municipal Local Develop- al identities and to facilitate divi- terest isnt surprising when we
city centre, visible from there, it is ment where we combine a detailed and sions of all sorts. In this context, learn that the maximum wage for
the sea and the Serras skyline, to rigorous mapping of our territory, based designing walls, windows, doors, a young couple eligible to apply for
the northwest, which dominate on various sectoral studies developed by balconies, and all sorts of archi- the financing program was only
the landscape. teams of high technical expertise, with tectural elements is part and par- 16 000 euros a year, not much
an ambitious strategic plan with well- cel of an all-encompassing chal- higher than the minimum salary.
structured objectives and measures. lenge to cope with otherness. A year later, with nature al-
Hill
All major development projects for the The housing projects designed by ready invading the reinforced
coming years are therefore defined, lvaro Siza in the 1980s for Ber- concrete homes, the govern-
and through these we endeavour to mo- lin and The Hague, two cities that ment agreed to buy the houses
Secret place, situated higher up bilise citizens, attract investment and illustrate the anxiety of contami- so the works could continue
above the city, from it one sees the transform Setbal into a more compet- nation, epitomize the extent to and now plans to rent them
Setbal and the bay. Located right itive, more cohesive and more sustain- which architecture can contrib- trough a financial support pro-
in the centre of the city and, able municipality. ute to rethinking the notion of gram to lower income families
nevertheless, it has that hidden, homeland as something that goes for 275 to 400 euros a month.
almost secret character, discrete Involvement of the beyond soil and blood. So lets hope there will be ten-
in the urban fabric, not disclosing local population ants for Pritzkers!
its size or dominant position. It is Enhancing collective Joana Oliveira
an inner-world turned upon itself, The involvement of the local population memory
it has its own order created by the is indispensable for the success of this
almond trees. At very precise
From Ramalho
strategy, with citizens being not only The building designed in the ear-
points, a very close relationship to active agents of change but also the pri- ly 1980s by lvaro Siza for the
the medieval fabric of the city mary recipients of results which will IBA-Berlin was often criticized in
centre can be established, translate into an improvement of eve- trade and popular media for be-
however, it is always a vigilant one,
which implies distance, a view
from the treetops.
ryones quality of life.
There is a fundamental component
in this participation process which
ing de-familiarized with Berlins
vernacular tradition. In Septem-
ber 1984, the editor of Der
to David
consists in a better knowledge of the Spiegel, one of those critical voic- The work of Choro Ramalho is
territory and its particularities, high- es, asserted that the simplifica- a reference when talking about
Fontainhas
er levels of identity and above all an tion (i.e. the monotony) of the fa- architecture on Madeira Island,
indispensable improvement of its self- ade designed by Siza made the not only because he was an en-
esteem. building downright stigmatized. thusiast of the modernism val-
Hard to access place, it has
It is in this context that the Munici- The graffiti painted on it testified ues, but also because of the way
the character of the inside of a
pality of Setbal supports with enthu- to this, he contended, with paint- in which... he binds these princi-
block, where vegetation grew
siasm and undisguised pride the inclu- ed slogans such as bonjour trist- ples with local vernacular archi-
spontaneously. It has a very close
sion of the SAMI Architects team in esse, high security area for el- tecture. Ramalho defended that
relationship with the river and the
the official representation of Portugal derly, and grey living, disgust- modernism would eventually
The Strangeness of
port. The view is punctuated by
at the 14th International Architecture ing death. This and other re- acquire national characteristics
the chimneys of old factories and
Exhibition of the Venice Biennale. marks seemingly implied that when influenced by its environ-
the ports cranes, denouncing a
Architecture has a key role in the there was a nexus between the ment. His buildings, mainly the
hard industrial landscape,
wealth and valorisation of a region, in buildings alleged de-familiariza- housing projects in Madeira, are
superimposed, however, to the
the cultural affirmation of its population and its popular reception. an example of this transforma-
beauty of the river and the bay,
tion and in the reinforcement of its However, Sizas project for the tion; they demonstrate his mas-
with the outline of Serra da
identity. Our teams reflection on the corner between the Schlesische tery in creating an acculturated
Arrbida, in the distance.
something familiar
subject of single-family houses and the Strae and the Falckenstein- modernism.
search for unique places within the strae was all but determined by 40 years have passed since Ra-
city are valuable contributions which alien factors. malho until we can again speak
Old Fort
Panoptic place surrounded by the
allow us all to look at Setbal in a dif-
ferent way.
The design decisions were in
fact sparked by an intense nego-
tiation with the stakeholders in-
about exceptional architecture
on the island. The construction
has not stopped in the decades
city, the farms, the Serra, the estu- Enhancement volved in the process, which in- in between, rather the opposite,
ary, the port and the bay. Its of heritage cluded architects, politicians, but there was probably too little
geographical position and the members of Berlins alternative time to reflect and the insularity
In a city often marked by massified and scene, and Turkish guest workers, isolated the architects that were
topography justify the ancient
construction of a fort, of which the rushed processes of urban growth and among others. Homeland Beyond Soil and Blood in lvaro Sizas Architecture of Dwelling working far away from the
remnants are still present and, where construction has not always re- The layout of the buildings mainland schools.
however, what characterizes it spected its surrounding landscape, ur- typical floor plan, for example, The exceptional architecture
best is the vegetation which grew ban regeneration , the rehabilitation of shows a complex articulation of nowadays in Madeira is refer-
spontaneously near the fragments remarkable buildings to be returned to different housing units, de- enced, with unquestionable
of the ancient walls of the fort. the population as public amenities, the signed to cater for different merit, to Paulo David through
Here there is a clear sensation of restructuring of degraded urban areas, groups, with diverse social and social-housing complex, this time The use of this access system is goal to mitigate ghettoization ality. Hence, not belonging to a the worldwide publicity it has
dominance over the landscape the revival of empty urban spaces to the cultural backgrounds. Despite in the Dutch city of The Hague. testament to Sizas commitment and avoid discrimination, work- situation may actually contribute achieved in such a short time.
and the infinite. detriment of new expansions, and the all this diversity and the inher- Here, as in Berlin, the buildings with enhancing collective mem- ing with the future residents to to an increase in the quality of David, such as Ramalho, fo-
enlargement of the urban perimeters, ent constraints it presents, Siza were meant to accom modate ory as an essential component create a layout that could ac- the decisions, which are less af- cuses on the context and gets in-
assume high priority in our agenda. strived to mitigate the residents dwellers with diverse social and cul- of urban renewal. In effect, the commodate the differences trig- fected by the shortcomings insti- spired by the extraordinary
Quarry
We have the ambition to harmonize social and cultural differences tural backgrounds. Only half were Haagse Portiek was strongly as- gered by the dwellers diverse gated by customs, reverence or landscapes, transforming it into
the economic development of an indus- enveloping the dwellings with a native Dutch, while the other half sociated with architectural ele- cultural, religious and even eth- precedent. a poetic architecture. In the 50s
trial and port city with the improvement continuous membrane perforat- were migrant workers mainly ments of the Dutch dwelling cul- nic background. Sizas projects for Berlin and Ramalho studied the work of the
Natural welcoming place where of the quality of life of its population and ed with repetitive voids. This from southern Europe, Turkey, ture, first and foremost its par- The Hague illustrate a discipli- craftsmen, analyzed the vernac-
an enormous stone wall designs the reinforcement of social cohesion. repetition, however, was bal- Morocco, and Surinam. The mas- ticular way of negotiating the The Objectivity nary ethos that fosters collective ular buildings and explored
and protects the space, extremely We want to look back and be proud of anced with moments of tension sive urban renewal operation in transition between the public of the Stranger memory as a notion that goes be- transition spaces integrating
beautiful through its texture, our past, our history and our culture. when the faade meets the floor, which this plan and ensuing pro- and the private realm. Many as- yond rootedness and tradition. In them in his architecture in a
where a white line, crystallized by But we want more, we want a more in- when it turns around the corner, jects were included determined sessed Sizas approach as a reac- Coming from a peripheral Euro- opposition to the nationalist idea contemporary way. David fol-
time, underlines the cut in the clusive, more intelligent, more sympa- or when it touches the sky. This the demolition of most of the tionary attitude, old-fashioned pean country, in the early 1980s of Homeland as something rooted lowed the steps of Ramalho with
mountain. A trail divides the thetic, more competitive, healthier, strategy, to be sure, pays tribute buildings in the Schilderswijk and conservative. This account Siza was a stranger both in cold in the soil and blood of a Volk, the advantage of being born and
landscape: it pushes the quarry more environmentally sustainable and to local culture, resonating with neighbourhood, a workers district changed over time, though. Af- war Berlin and in the welfare Siza embodied the condition of raised on the island, unlike Ra-
away from excessive composition, more cultured city. the architectural elements of the dating back to the late nineteenth ter the initial resistance, the state protestant culture of The the wanderer, thus praising ac- malho, and having since a young
makes it retract, creating that In this process, the research and famous tripartite composition of century. When confronted with would-be residents welcomed Netherlands. Though this condi- culturation, ambiguity and am- age a special sensitivity for the
natural place of being and thoughts of SAMI Architects is of par- Kreuzbergs nineteenth century the inevitability of the demolition, the Haagse Portiek as an alter- tion inevitably hinders familiar- bivalence, eschewing the myth of space that surrounds him.
sidelines the pre-existences (of ticular relevance as they can encourage faades. Hence, in this project, Siza decided to bring forth a plan native to the shortcomings of ity with local customs, rules and the authentic, and the evocation Davids and Ramalhos build-
the old industry) situated in the in us the rediscovery of unique spots differences and identities were to preserve the character of the collective access systems. In ef- norms, it also fosters something for the Heimat. The housing comings are true sources of inspira-
boundary between the recessed and the poetic vision of unlikely places. conflated in a tense negotiation neighbourhoods public space, es- fect, a critical engagement with that Georg Simmel called the plexes built in Kreuzberg and in tion and to be properly under-
stone wall and the open and Once again, Setbal gains and rein- between an ideal standard and a pecially its distinctive long streets, citizens participation was also objectivity of the stranger, the Schilderswijk accommodate stood need a visit. I guarantee its
infinite view over forces its self-esteem. contingent outcome. and to revive a traditional housing key in designing the layouts of whose uprootedness contributes and celebrate otherness and worth it.
the city and the bay. After Berlin, Siza received another access system, the so-called the typical housing units. At this to build up a more independent difference, negotiating univer- Carolina Sumares
commission to develop a plan for a Haagse Portiek. scale, Siza keenly pursued his and non-partisan account of re- sality with contingency.
Rural Rural
1914/2014 Agricultural policies /Joo Soares, Aurora Carapinha
1929 1938 1948 1953/1958 1959/1964 1972 1986 2002

The First Wheat Campaign, Publication of Portugal signs pact with the First Development Plan Second Development Plan Revision of the Silos Plan Portugal joins the EEC The Alqueva dam
which will establish Creation of Wheat OEEC- the Organisation for focused on infra-structure Focused primarily on the (Third Development Plan) (European Economic closes its gates and starts
The most beautiful Silos in Portugal. European Economic (energy; transports and manufacturing sector its Community) and signs to fill up
of the Estates Co-operation tele-communications), apart during this period that most up to the CAP (Common
Report presented to the 1975 This is the largest dam in
from these main items the reinforced concrete silos get Agricultural Policy)
National Federation of Wheat In order to access funds from
policy also envisioned large built. Agricultural Reform Western Europe, located in
Growers the Marshall Plan tying the Alentejo interior. It is the
investments in agriculture: (the slogan the land for who most important irrigation
itself into conditions for the works the land, illustrates
For each arm a hoe, for infrastructure for a large part
big investment plans for the the nationalization policy
each family a home, for each of the Alentejo. The project
country against large private
mouth its bread. had been approved in 1975.
landlords and estates)
Numbers
7.1
Billion euros
Total investment expenditure
approved by ProDer Portugals
Rural Development Program for
2007-13 which includes 3.5 billion
euros funding from the European
Agricultural Fund for Rural
Development (EAFRD).
34,4%
OF Portuguese population
Living in 2010 in predominantly
rural regions. The European
average for EU-27 member
states is 22.6%
Things are not always what they seem, some times to tackle one problem, you need to start in a completely different place David Freitas, 1955, Arquivo Fotogrfico CME
81%
Rural Hype
OF Portuguese territory
Classed as Predominantly Rural.
Against 12% Predominantly
Urban and 7% Intermediary
Regions in 2010.
Has the shift in agro-production created space for a new (rural) urban?
PEDRO CLARKE
People urge for
rural housing typology will find ways
of once more providing homes for the
Portuguese. Or does the proximity of
2014 international
580km
Fibre optics
the city, modern society and the new
a connection broadband network
It is a fallacy to consider that the rural
world is located in opposition to an urban
with the land,
dawning of the age of technology mean
that the rural world has forever been Year of Family Installed between 2007-08
in the vora County, to create
Farming
context. The hinterlands no longer serve transformed and is destined simply to a County wide community
their adjacent towns, and cities have
blurred their borders. Agriculture is no
but without live on as holiday destination, or a week-
end retreat for those that can afford it?
broadband network.
longer defined by manual labour and in any of the Traditionally rural houses, many times
1h20m
Granary Revamp
fact the rural industry which it has be- built by the inhabitants themselves, and The FAO (the United Nations
come, is probably more technologically
advanced than many contemporary cit-
hardships that integrated in a logic of rural-agricultur-
al subsistence, were a part of a larger pro-
Food and Agriculture
ies. From as early on Ebenezer Howards it entails ductive landscape, this seems to have
Organisation) has declared that
2014 is the International Year of
Garden Cities in the UK, on to the New changed. Ironically, if one was to swap Family Farming. With 500 million
Towns planned throughout Europe the fields for the office, the lifestyle family farms in the world the
(and further abroad) after the Second of many successful City workers would FAO wants to re-focus attention
Journey Duration
World War , or Frank Lloyd Wrights of the economical and political changes be fairly familiar to that of their rural In 2011 the railroad connecting
on the important role that
Utopian Vision for Broadacre City of 80s, 90s and early 2000s. ancestors (work-sleep-work-sleep). Whilst Lisbon to vora was reopened
which in an American context would But this is changing, Portugals agri- once the city was seen as the place to go they play in assuring food following upgrading works and
have ended up more like suburbia, than cultural sector, after years of decline, is to, today a return to the countryside is security, managing natural cut the journey between the two
Project for the transformation of a granary

the self-sustainable, agricultural green- defying the recession and is regaining seen by many as the way forward. The resources and and promoting by approximately 30min.
belt encompassed, limited population/ its place in the Portuguese economy. difference is that this countryside to which sustainable development.
density towns, that Howard had envi- There are calls for countrys youth to they aspire is no longer rural. In Portugal, and despite in
793,169
sioned. These and other later cluster-like invest in agriculture instead of emigrat- People urge for a connection with the sharp decline in the numbers
town and country planning experi- ing, but will this mark a (cyclical) return land, but without any of the hardships of people employed in the sector, Ordinary exterior Structurally unsound Rich inner spaces
ments, involving the agricultural and in- to a rural way of life? that it entails. A change in the types family farming still accounts for The building presents an exterior without any special features, thus it Over a hundread years old, this building presents several structural The indoor spatiality is the more prominent architectural feature, the
dustrial, urban and rural spaces have Have the young become disenchanted of jobs available, faster train and car 80% of all labourers involved was decided that there were no reason for overprotecting the current problems, including severe cracking and warping of some of the walls. result of a rich system of arches and vaults, and the intention is to keep
been the centre of a debate as to how cit- with the city and urge for a return to land? journeys, and the internet are now makin agriculture. With the city faades. it as unchanged as possible.
ies and the countryside should be mod- As cities become denser, urban housing ing this a choice for some. Those who now closer to the countryside,
ernised, used and planned. in its different guises (flats, semidetached, can, are no longer bound by where they with a drive for self-sustainable Family Agricultural Population
In this modern context Portugal ap- blocks, towers, detached) adapts to the are, a farmer no longer needs to live on communities and an increasing in Portugal
peared to stand out as an exception, here different needs and types (condomini- a farm, and an architect no longer needs number of young families finding (2009) This represents a decline
the fields looked like they had been aban- ums, student housing, rented accommo- to work in the city. Portugals Interior of over 50% since 1989 when
that they cannot afford to live in
doned, the investment of a bygone rural dation, low-cost), and space becomes traditionally the least developed part Portugals Family Agricultural
the city, could the re-vitalization
state stood in the wait to being disman- scarce. Rising up above the streets, bal- of the country has seen investment in Population was 1,974,808. Despite
tled, and the countrys former breadbas- conies offer some respite, and a view out new infra-structure and has been chang- of the rural world be a solution the decline this still represents 80%
ket, the Alentejo, seemed to have been towards an ever changing landscape. ing, and a place like vora, the capital for many abandoned properties of the overall labour employed in
left out to dry. Not even the legacy of At the same time it would be foolish to of the Alentejo, cannot be simply defined and a way forward to help agriculture.
modern structures, silos and granaries, think that the countryside has not as a rural town. As a UNESCO world Portugal get out
rails and roads, a criss-cross of produc- changed. With tourism taking over, it heritage site, a University city and a cul- of this economic crisis? Source; INE, Dinheiro Vivo
tion, storage and distribution structures, remains to be seen if the fields, villages tural hub, vora is at home both in a re-
appeared to have much to say in the face and montes a traditional Alentejo gional and international setting.
Rural Territory
VORA CITY HALL
Eduardo luciano
Inhabited
Paradise
Cultural
Granary
Theres a western paradise in
the Atlantic serving as stage for
powerful architecture in sync
with overwhelming landscapes.
The 9 islands, punctuated by

spontaneous basalt stone con-
structions, lying in green fields
vora is a city surrounded by and overlooking the sea, are
rurality, which has been challenging a young generation
marking its development of architects to stand out from
rhythms and shaping its social the average sprawl of buildings
interactions. suffering from identity crisis.
It is therefore not surprising The archipelago suffered from
to find an old granary barn isolation for a long time and be-
within its walls, framed in the ing connected online with the
beauty of the two thousand year old rest of the world in the last years
city within which we discover many have opened up a pandora-box
different and distinct cities. of chances.
Today, dispossessed of their original
use, the granaries emerge as an ample
space in accelerated degradation that
the use of cultural programming is
stubbornly trying to prevent.
It was this space that astonishingly
binds together urban and rural reali-
ties that presented itself as a chal-
lenge for the architectural eye of
Miguel Marcelino.
This challenge aims to transform a
grain warehouse into a space for cul-
ture which embraces the city rather
than keeping it as a peripheral appen-
Post-modern without ever having

dix for exclusive use.
We didnt ask the architect to artifi-
cially create a quarter for artists start-
ing from an eminently rural structure,
been modern?
but in fact to recover it into an inte-
grated space that spreads to its vicin-
ity attracting other uses, and does not
Granarys Exterior MIGUEL MARCELINO, 2014 exclude the surrounding area. Thomas Galler House , Biscoitos,
A complex of granary structures Terceira, Jos Castro Parreira\
Project description
that become a theater, artists resi-
dences, a restaurant, an ample exhibi-
tion space, a place for sharing of ideas
In Portugal its simultaneity and discontinuity that makes us think were post modern
between cultural agents, where differ-
ent perspectives and visions can inter-
sect, reflecting the intense cultural
life of vora.
All who visit the Granaries dream and mythological content of
that will support the old one, nor a of the possibilities they offer, that LVARO DOMINGUES countryside and country life has
MIGUEL MARCELINO decorative coating irrelevant from a appear to be endless, as if the light Geographer, researcher and professor at the
Faculty of Architecture, University of Porto opened up.
structural point of view. This is, effec- that invades them has the ability to Occasionally, in the diverse ge- House in gua d'Alto, So Miguel,
tively, a new entity, both in its plastic- redesign the space in function of ography of the country, from Port N2X Architects
This granary building was built in the ity and structural behavior. This new each dream. wine to olive oil or milk, a new,
late 19th century and was originally concrete envelope will be pigmented The Municipality of vora, owner of Placed somewhere between the hypermodern, global agriculture
part of Barahona Estate, which be- and textured to have a rough finish, the old granary barns, looks at the exotic and the peripheral, Por- produces technologic landscapes
longed to a wealthy noble family of creating a subtle dialogue with the architectural ensemble as a cultural tugal remains (even for the Por- that are in no way similar to the
farmers. In the mid 19th century it was granite stonework elements that are facility for the future, as soon as their tuguese) somewhat indecipher- peacefulness once found in the
taken over by the Public Company of characteristic of many buildings of rehabilitation is possible, bringing able. The mythical past and an countryside. Somewhere in the
Cereals (EPAC) and has since become voras historic center. All doors and them up to modernity without erasing unclear future collide in a present middle lie all the possible permu-
the property of the Municipality of vo- window openings will be kept exactly the marks of the common history moment of crisis and common- tations that neither fit in with the
ra, where they currently host four cul- the same as the original ones. which we wish to preserve. place a tragic destiny, now that mediatization of the city and the
tural associations in less than ideal con- Inside, punctual interventions will Its difficult to strike a balance be- the crisis has once again returned urban as the Historical centre,
ditions. be made in order to modernize and re- tween the critical intervention (even of to tax the people of this country, nor the countryside in the form
Besides the usual damp and energy program the entire building as an art- rupture) and the preservation of the sentenced to swing back and forth of the Typical Village.
conservation problems, the building ists residence and cultural cluster. This memory inscribed on each piece not between opulence and decadence Extensive urbanization takes
also presents serious structural issues. work envisions the creation of six stu- just of the building but also of the street without ever having found a hap- on extremely varied geographies
Additionally, given its age, it also lacks dio-lofts, an exhibition gallery, work- and square that support and frame py medium between the two. We and dimensions, heading towards
modernity in terms of telecommunica- shops, theater-auditorium, multipur- them. have been known to get lost along a near indifference of place that is
tions, heating, ventilation, accessibility pose room, reception, offices, a read- The proposal for the refurbishment the way; to start things without equivalent to the territorial
and fire safety features. ing room and a caf-restaurant. Palacio Barahona Plan of the Granaries is also the challenge finishing them. extension of social-technical sys-
The building has a very expressive The final result is a hybrid structure of regenerating the surrounding space, In the introduction to Franois tems that enable urbanization
and spatially rich interior, the result of that is intended to be more than the rendering the street livable to the crea- Lyotards 1979 seminal work, La the infrastructural prosthetics that
the system of arches and vaults of var- sum of its parts. The coming together tion and enjoyment of urban cultures. condition postmoderne, the au- support the mobility of people,
ious types that hold up the first floor of a centuries-old structure with a 21st Looking for the rural within the thor states that post-modernity is goods, information, energy, water, CZ House, Pico, Sami Architects
and roof. On the other hand its exterior century intervention, without any prej- city and re-envisioning the city in a above all an attitude of distrust to- waste It could be deemed radi-
is relatively unremarkable, with no out- udice about the buildings age. It is not space where the collective memory wards the great narratives of mo- its own inclusion in the multiple its mysteries, misunderstandings the State gives in to the mar- cally modern, were it not for the Without internet, it would be
standing features, and as such will not about hiding the new intervention nor tells us its rural, is a symbolic gesture dernity. Therefore, it is not a mat- frameworks of the European Un- and allurements. In the meantime, kets, which become the ultimate modernist complications of zon- impossible for a freelance jour-
be overprotected. The proposal starts presenting it in contrast with the exist- of the creative freedom which we ter of instituting the end of an era ion and globalization, in a sce- the Portuguese are emigrating social regulator for everything; ing and other illusions of order. nalist from Norway, to spend
with this premise to change as little as ing. It is simply the result of a pragmat- commissioned from the architect and and the start of another; instead, nario of persistent economic cri- (as usual). science, becoming ever more uni- Widely varied architectures trans- most of his time in his house in
possible the interior space. From the ic and economic approach to the prob- it is also a symbol of the existence that it is a matter of rewriting certain sis and deepening social and ter- Once upon a time, it was its re- versal, sails along technologic late a myriad of shapes and trans- Terceira island by Jos Parreira
outside a profound intervention, that lems, needs and qualities of the exist- well be able to dream up for the grain characteristics claimed by moder- ritorial inequalities. gional qualities illustrated and over- successes paid for by giant mul- genic provenances. The engineer architect. There, defying the
will also act as the structural rehabili- ing building. Thus, in a single opera- warehouse. nity. Hypermodernity (Baudril- Boaventura Sousa Santos is one romanticized by their landscapes ti-national corporations; individ- and the bricoleur can at last coex- waves on his stone house on top
tation, is proposed. tion, this project achieves both the In this process of constructing the lard), supermodernity (Marc Aug) of the authors who best explains that created a sweet intoxicating uals are fragmented by their many ist free from the suspicion of the on a cliff, he writes for interna-
The building will be entirely structural rehabilitation of the build- dream we engaged all who inhabit or late modernity (G.Vattimo), con- this hybrid condition and pro- poison that portrayed the invinci- references and near-tribal alle- savages and the virtuosos. tional magazines. In So Miguel,
wrapped in a new reinforced concrete ing and finds a way to seal it and pro- that space in an intense exchange of stitute other ways of classifying found exoticism of being Portu- ble Lusitanian soul and its heroes. giances; dissolved into ether, de- The inhabitants of this space a couple in their 50s, commis-
envelope, which will be bonded to the tect it, while creating a new image that views and sharing of projects and pro- the illusions of the certainty of guese as the result of a process Invariably set in a mythified past, mocracy will hit the internet are the Portuguese, scattered sioned a holiday house in the
existing walls, forming a new compos- is neither a break with the past nor un- posals, to explore how differences may knowledge to know in order to of semi-peripheral development Portugal lived this nostalgic fan- We live permanently in the pre- all around the world in increas- country side to local studio N2X,
ite structure. This is not a new wall critical continuity. become convergent, without anyone predict, as defended by Auguste for many centuries, Portugal tasy as a way to escape reality. sent, in a world-like, all-encom- ingly larger numbers and, oc- and after it was built they start-
Granarys Location GOOGLE EARTH loosing their identity or surrendering Comte , rationality, techno-sci- was at the same time at the cen- Nowadays, although the potion passing culture that processes casionally, in their homeland. ed to spend much longer periods
their genetic markers. Such are the ence, the State, democracy and tre of a great colonial empire and has not run out, landscapes get everything from global trends Forty years ago they lived un- there as mobility became much
participatory processes that we value. capitalism as guarantors of the on Europes periphery () [it] was deconstructed and tangled up in to neo-traditional localisms. der a dictatorship and had an easier. Or the case from a dentist
alentejo, espao
We know that the result will not be continuity and efficacy of the pro- the only colonizing country to be their own mythologies. Utter rest- The geography of this nerv- empire. In 1974 there was a from Lisbon that moved to Pico
unanimously welcome, but the engrav- gress of progress.To state that Por- viewed by other colonizing coun- lessness. If landscape, its narra- ous breakdown unfolds between revolution, the empire was dis- and got married there. By the
ing of a challenging perspective in a tugal is post-modern without ever tries as a native or wild country. tives and representations are spontaneous forms of urbani- solved, democracy was instat- time the couple decided to build
debate 24th june World Heritage City gives encourage-

ment to any creator who is not afraid to
walk the tightrope that crosses the
having been modern amounts to
three simultaneous statements:
- the incipient and discontinu-
This is the terra incognita which,
having failed to modernize ei-
ther in the manner of 18th cen-
themselves powerful elements
of identity; what identity can pos-
sibly be built here, other than the
zation, such as the idea of A Road
as a Street, and the complete
abandonment of territories left
ed and modernization came
charging in; some thirty years
later the country has seen more
their house they wanted some-
thing different than what they
could find there, so SAMI archi-
and exhibition 20th-29th june
rural
abysm of mere rehabilitation. ous character of a belated mod- tury Illuminism; or in the form of very sense of shattering and loss in the wake of recent and radi- change than in the entire course tects were called and together
Let us wait for the result, knowing ernization in a society and terri- industrialism in the 19th century; of identity? cal processes of deruralization. of its history; we are now in the they have arrived to the house
structures, houses at espao celeiros, vora, portugal that the journey so far has already
been worthwhile.
tory marked by imbalances and
the hegemony of Lisbon;
or during the grey years of the Es-
tado Novo dictatorship, 1933-74;
To the modern cosmopolitism
that holds everything up to the
With the loss of the traditional
rural world family-run sub-
midst of a crisis in a Europe
that melts into air post-mod-
of their dreams, between the
sea, Pico Mountain and the
and landscapes - the preservation of pre-mod-
ern characteristics;
or following the push to modern-
ize, especially during the 90s, hav-
standard of universal reason, a
radical modernity is now oppos-
sistence farming and its tradi-
tionalisms , we lost the gar-
ern without ever having been
modern; European and periph-
internet, of course.
Joana Oliveira
- the clash between these two ing joined the European Union ing it, free from the shackles that deners who tended to the land- eral; nomads in the age of glo-
facets in a country struggling with now appears before us with all had held it back until recently: scape and a crisis of meaning balization.
Cinema Books Architecture

Awards
homeland
The places of the rich and the poor News from Portugal , June 2014
COMMISSIONING BODIES
The new
in Portuguese architecture and film Portuguese
Secretary of State for Culture
Jorge Barreto Xavier
Director-General for the Arts
Samuel Rego
talents
The Directorate-General for the Arts
Mnica Guerreiro,Mnica Antunes
Mnica Oliveira, Costanza Ronchetti
Margarida Silva, Susana Neves
Between 2007 and 2008, Cinemateca Portuguesa, the made during Salazars dictatorship. NUNO TEOTNIO ties into the space of the city. That is what a prison is, not
Portuguese Film Museum, hosted a cycle of twelve films
promoted by the Film Group of FAUTL (Faculty of Ar-
chitecture of the University of Lisbon). Each session was
PEREIRA: In this film, doors have the leading role.
5.
a building. NUNO PORTAS: Concentration camps didnt
need to be designed, they could have been built in a bro-
wnfield.
Curator
Pedro Campos Costa
COLOPHON
distinguished
by Archiprix
Editorial Director:
followed by a conversation featuring, as a rule, the films JOO BNARD DA COSTA: It is the mark of realism Alessia Allegri
director and an architect, moderated by Joo Bnard da that appears as the most important in the film and in 9. Authors:
Costa, director of the Cinemateca, and Jos Neves, co- that sense, it is a struggle, a final appeal for keeping thin- JORGE SILVA MELO: To film is to find the possible Adoc, Andr Tavares, architect editor
ordinator of the Film Group. In 2014, Dafne Editora will gs that should not be destroyed, it is mostly a cry of pro- fiction for a given place. PEDRO MAURCIO BORGES: Artria, Ateliermob, architect editor
publish a book with the transcripts of these conversa- test against that. And thats why the hiss of the train at In the Summer, holidays are a suspended time. Bodies
Like Architects, Mariana Pestana, architect
editor, Miguel Eufrsia, architect editor, Archiprix started in 1979 in the
tions, of which we now present brief excerpts. the end sounds like a cry to me. VTOR GONALVES: move slower. That somehow fills the spaces architects
Antnio Reis used to say that as we walk down the street designed for lounging and that are useless in the city.
Miguel Marcelino, Paulo Moreira, Pedro Clarke,
architect editor, Sami Arquitectos Netherlands and is internationally
1. we should always be framing with our eyes. PEDRO COS- Susana Ventura, architect editor
Contributors recognized as one of the most
PAULO ROCHA: I lived above V-V, and I heard that TA: When I watched Trs-os-Montes, I remember 10.
the local cobbler had killed a girlfriend who didnt want thinking for the first time that it was possible to make VTOR GONALVES: I was not interested in what
lvaro Domingues, Augusto Mateus
Joana Pestana Lages, Joo Seixas prestigious architecture and urbanism
to marry him. Somehow, the boys knife was my own. films in Portugal. ANTNIO BELM LIMA: What kid usually happens, building a very coherent and more or Joo Soares, Jos Aguiar, Jos Manuel
Fernandes, Jos Neves, Nelson Mota, academic awards for excellence.
EDUARDO SOUTO DE MOURA: Buildings should have didnt love a house with an attic, or a dark room or a very less natural looking space, in which the characters are
pilotis, and Paulo Rocha shot these beautiful scenes in narrow staircase leading to the basement? placed. What I was interested in was the tension betwe-
Pedro Bandeira, Pedro Gadanho, Ricardo Agarez
Ricardo Carvalho, Sandra Marques Pereira During 2013 an international Jury
the middle of pilotis. Buildings should have horizontal en the characters and the space. DUARTE CABRAL DE Copy-editors
Antnio Faria, Carolina Sumares, Joana selected two winner projects between
windows and the view of the city is given through that 6. MELLO: In this film, the good life is not on the imme-
cobblers window. LUIS MIGUEL CINTRA: Jos lvaro Morais is some- diate horizon.
Coutinho, Joana Oliveira, Joo Simes, Marta
Onofre, Pedro Silva, Pedro Vicente, Sara Neves, twelve shortlisted nominees.
one who understands the pleasure of such things, who has Zara Ferreira
Archiprix Portugal was established
Translation
2. worn a good suit and knows the comfort of being in a hou- 11. Inqurito Arquitectura Portugal: Architecture O Processo SAAL e a O Moderno Revisitado.
PEDRO COSTA: Vandas room could be a square or a se furnished that way. Someone who understands the ple- MARGARIDA GIL: The characters were always the
Rute Paredes
Revision-Edition Popular em Portugal 1965/1990 Arquitectura no 25 de Habitao multifamiliar by Serra Henriques Foundation (Lisbon)
street but at the same time it was the most secret of pla- asure of that architecture. BEATRIZ BATARDA: In that characters that revolved around his space, the neigh- Pedro Clarke Abril de 1974 em lisboa nos anos de
and Archiprix Foundation (Rotterdam)
ces, a room that was closed shut like no other. MANUEL film I find the fantasy of what the future of a certain class bours, the young girl from the caf, the lady who lived Graphic Design
AA.VV. Sindicato Nacional dos Portas, Nuno; Mendes, Manuel 1950
GRAA DIAS: To be able to live in those white apart- could be, years after the 25 of April [revolution]. RICAR- next door MANUELA DE FREITAS: Working with
Silvadesigners
Illustration Arquitectos, Lisbon, 1961 Moniteur, Paris, 1992 Bandeirinha, Jos Antnio, involving the Portuguese architecture
ments, you need to burn them down. DO AIBO: What is most important is not architecture. Joo Csar Monteiro reflected that respect for life, the Imprensa da Universidade de (Modern revisited. Multifamily
JOO LUS CARRILHO DA GRAA: The story works as rejection of naturalism as a copy of life that is a way of
Ana Arago, Armanda Vilar
Legal Support O Inqurito Arquitectura Nuno Portas and Manuel Coimbra, Coimbra, 2007 housing in Lisbon in the 1950s)
universities and the Order of Architects.
3. a support for a number of records, the same way space in denying life. JOAQUIM PINTO: The room has a bed, a Tiago Piscarreta
Photographers
Popular em Portugal (Survey Mendes offer a rich and Agarez C., Ricardo, Lisbon: The global network compromises similar
FERNANDO LOPES: As a kid, I ran through those cities or houses works as a support for ideas and sensa- bedside table and not much else. JOO PEDRO BNARD of Popular Architecture in stimulating reading of An analytic inventory of the Cmara Municipal
streets where Im filming Belarmino and because I star- tions that are being proposed and induced. DA COSTA: That police station really existed, the urinal
Helder Sousa, Jordi Burch/Kameraphoto,
Miguel Henriques, Nelson dAires, Nuno Portuga) is the name of a Portuguese architectural SAAL [Local Ambulatory de Lisboa, 2009 initiatives in Chile, Netherlands, Italy,
ted working at a very young age, I remember the street was there... JOS NEVES: If this cycle had a patron saint, Fangueiro, Paulo Catrica, Paulo Pimenta,
Pedro Verde, Rita Merncio, Rui Pinheiro,
compilation of the results of production from 1965 to the Support Service] operations. Turkey, Russia and Central Europe
cars perfectly, Martim Moniz, Barros Queirs Street 7. it would be Joo de Deus. fieldwork research carried early 90s. The over sixty Created as a decentralized In the 1950s, the streets
ALEXANDRE ALVES COSTA: Remember the JOO BOTELHO: We dont have the money for the big
Valter Vinagre
Back cover out between 1955 and 1960 projects presented in detail service and providing design of Lisbon were filled with (Austria, Slovenia, Hungary, Bosnia
keywords: history, city, transformation, reality, langua- scenes, castings or big shows but we have time. RAL 12. MANOEL DE OLIVEIRA: That is what and I Friendly Fire by teams of Portuguese display a stylistic richness and technical support, SAAL discreet, everyday buildings for and Croatia)
ge, identity, national/international, revolution. HESTNES FERREIRA: I have always been concerned hope the architect will forgive me architecture is for. PRODUCTION architects with the aim of that engages the cityscape in led to the construction of new multifamily housing that dealt
with creating a school where you could go outside freely. It serves to show works of art, it serves to take in the Lisbon Architecture Triennale making an objective catalogue a dialogue that is both subtle houses and infrastructures, with the circumstances of the
4. sick at hospitals, it serves to take in students at univer-
Winners
President of vernacular architecture and free of simplistic mimicry: considerably improving existing city while sporting
Jos Mateus
ALBERTO SEIXAS SANTOS: I devised the film as a 8. sities. It serves for a lot of things; it even serves to make Deputy director
in Portugal. The profound in Portugal, the poetics of housing conditions in run- typical post-war modernist
conflict between two spaces: an intimate space inside the JOO MRIO GRILO: Urbanism is a design for hu- films. Manuel Henriques mutation of Portuguese space and form are always at down neighbourhoods. The elevations. But just how
house, and a public space, which I left for the newsreels man guidance that endures and embeds certain proper- selection by JOS NEVES, architect Production territory and its buildings that the service of the spirit production that followed is modern were their layouts?
Isabel Antunes, head, Liliana Lino, Ins Galro we have been witnessing since of the place. considered to be the most How did economy weigh on
Ins Marques
Fundraising and Partnerships then makes the collected coherent manifestation of design solutions in this profit-
Sara Battesti material an invaluable and a 25th of April [revolution] driven architecture? What was
Management Assistant unique legacy. architecture, as well as one of the mayors office agency in
Ana Fernandes
Communication and Press
the most debated and globally creating this modernist face?
Maria Schiappa, head, Leonor Carrilho referenced periods of recent And who designed it? The
Local Communication Portuguese architectural book answers these questions
and Production Support
culture. by examining 115 works that
Studioquotazero: Daniele Vicentini and
Paolo Franzo reassess 1950s production in
Board the capital.
Jos Mateus, Chairman, Nuno Sampaio, Vice-
chairman, Jos Manuel dos Santos, Member
Maria Dalila Rodrigues, Member, Pedro Arajo
e S, Member The River as
1. Verdes Anos 2. Juventude em Marcha 3. Belarmino INSTITUCIONAL PARTNERSHIPS
Municipality of vora, Municipality of Lisboa
an Urban Element
1963, Paulo Rocha 2006, Pedro Costa 1964, Fernando Lopes Municipality of Loures, Municipality
of Matosinhos, Municipality of Porto,
Municipality of Setbal
Antnio Amado
Professor Dias Coelho
iNSTITUTIONAL SUPPORT
Faculty of Architecture of the University
of Porto (FAUP), Study Centre of Architecture
and Urbanism (CEAU), Atlas da Casa Housing
architectural design and forms of dwelling
(AdC).Faculty of Architecture of the University
of Lisbon (FAUL), Associate Professor
Carlos Lameiro. University of vora,
Head of Architecture Department Sofia
Salema.Autonomous University of Lisbon (UAL),
Head of Architecture Department Ricardo
Carvalho.Instituto Superior Manuel Teixeira
Gomes-ISMAT, Portimo, MIA, Mestre Ana
Bordalo, Professor Hugo Fernandes, Mestre
4. Brandos Costumes 5. Trs-os-Montes 6. Peixe-Lua Ins Cerol, Arch. Rui Sambado, Professor
1975, Alberto Seixas Santos 1976, Antnio Reis e Margarida Cordeiro 2000, Jos lvaro Morais Sandra Neto, Mestre Slvia Alves.
Eng. Gonalo Loureno
Arquitectura do Colquio Internacional AA.VV, Bloco das guas Visite o Andar
Acknowledgments quotidiano: pblico Habitar, Pensar, Livres a perfect building Modelo 30 anos de
Pedro Campos Costa and Lisbon Architecture
Triennale would like to present a special thanks
e privado no espao
domstico da burguesia
Investigar, Fazer A+A Books, Lisbon, 2014 publicidade de imobilirio
An Hybrid
Building, Central
to all the organizations and people who have
contributed to this project: Fundao Calouste,
portuense no final do Ramalhete, Filipa; The first volume of the Pereira, Sandra Marques,
Gulbenkian, Ordem dos Arquitectos, Arquivo sculo XIX Carvalho, Ricardoeditores Single book series Casal de Cambra,
Municipal de Lisboa, Arquivo Fotogrfico de
vora, Centro de Documentao 25 de Abril
Rosler Studio, Paulo Cunha e Silva, Arq. Brbara
(The architecture of the
cient.,Universidade Autnoma
de Lisboa, Centro de Estudos
dedicated to a single
architectural project
Caleidoscpio, 2014
Library and Lisbon
Maes ,Arq. Stefano Tornieri
The partners, sponsors and supporters of
everyday) Mota, Nelson,
Coimbra: Departamento de
de Arquitectura, Cidade e
Territrio, Lisbon, 2012
edited by A+A Books,
presents the guas Livres
A survey of over 150 real
estate advertisements printed Municipal Archive
this project and the contributors to this Arquitectura, FCTUC, 2010 Block, designed in Lisbon over the last 30 years of the
editorial project
PARTNER: The result of an International by architects Nuno Teotnio 20th century in a well known Joo Torres
This book examines ordinary Symposium held in January Pereira and Bartolomeu Portuguese weekly newspaper.
residential architecture 2011, Habitar. Pensar, Costa Cabral in 1953. With From this collection three
Professors Lobato Santos
7. Tempos Difceis 8. Longe da Vista 9. Agosto
1988, Joo Botelho 1998, Joo Mrio Grilo 1988, Jorge Silva Melo PRINTing SUPPORT:
in the Portuguese city of Investigar, Fazer (Inhabiting, an extensive presentation key findings come to light: and Mota Saraiva
Porto, exploring the vital role Thinking, Researching, of drawings, vintage a history of contemporary
performed by the boundaries Makin) is a multidisciplinary photographs, an historical/ Portuguese society, centred
Catering by:
between the public and the
private realm. Nelson Mota
collection of essays exploring
three fundamental domains
critical analysis and other
texts on the subject of artistic
on the evolution of the
predominant social values and Nominees
contends that the anxieties of of collective housing interventions, the book reveals environments; a reflection on Joana Almeida (Professor Srgio Barreiros
bourgeois everyday life were architecture: thinking about the richness of one of the the evolving housing models Proena); Marco Beltro (Professor Patrcia
embodied in the complex the work, research and most important Portuguese that have been created and Santos Pedrosa); Ins Gonalves (Professor
protocols that shaped modern architectural design. Architectural works of the idealized and a discussion on Filipa Viegas Serpa dos santos); Madalena Torres
residential building practices. 20th century. the operative framework of (Professor Joo Pedro Teixeira de Abreu Costa);
He thus argues both the real estate market offer and Joo Varandas (Professor Nuno Mateus); Ins
hybridity and the ambiguities the image of todays Lisbon. Martins (Professor Pedro Belo Ravara); Alexandre
of bourgeois housing are Vincente (Professor Joaquim Moreno); Joo
key to support an account of Schedel (Professor Filipa Vaz Monteiro); Teresa
10. Uma Rapariga no Vero 11. Recordaes da Casa Amarela 12. O Passado e o Presente modernization as a narrative Ferreira (Professor Joo Lcio Lopes); Pedro
of continuity.
1986, Vtor Gonalves 1989, Joo Csar Monteiro 1971, Manoel de Oliveira Miguel Santos (Professor Miguel Malheiro)
40 NEWS FROM PORTUGAL Homeland, June, 2014
This is the
CURATOR Contributors Copy-editors
Pedro Campos Costa lvaro Domingues Antnio Faria
Augusto Mateus Carolina Sumares
Editorial Director Joana Pestana Joana Coutinho
Alessia Allegri Joo Seixas Joana Oliveira
Portuguese
Joo Soares Joo Simes
Authors Jos Aguiar Marta Onofre
Adoc Jos Manuel Fernandes Pedro Silva
Andr Tavares Jos Neves Pedro Vicente
Artria Nelson Mota Sara Neves
Ateliermob Pedro Bandeira Zara Ferreira
Like Architects Pedro Gadanho
Mariana Pestana Ricardo Agarez Graphic Design
Pavilion
Miguel Eufrsia Ricardo Carvalho Silvadesigners
Miguel Marcelino Sandra Marques
Paulo Moreira Pereira
Pedro Clarke
SAMI Arquitectos
Susana Ventura
Friendly fire Homeland, at last

news from nowhere
www.friendlyfire.info
fanzinefriendlyfire@gmail.com
BELOVED LAND
Happening now
Death We constantly forget that what we sometimes call Utopia in Vale de Papas
in Venice is probably the only way to modernity
The TERRA AMADA (Beloved Land)
initiative, run by the Architecture
Course of the Catholic University of Vi-
seu, focuses on the organising volun-
tary lead interventions open to the ar-
A
Cloning a Newspaper, in its graphic, In its style and mode of by itself as the history of modernity, but also as a tool of the chitectural students, with the aim of
representation allows us to use a simple and direct language, everyday, ephemeral and political. This is an opportunity engaging with conservation and reha-
bsorbing Modernity, you say? a hypertext as a possibility to debate a theme and go back- to speak about Home and Land, an attempt to engage with bilitation work in rural Portuguese vil-
Fuck it, Portugal was never wards and forwards in history, cross-referencing research society, with the territory and with the political context. lages, looking to improve the quality of
modern anyway! from different disciplines about the same subject , and to William Morris in his 1890 book News from Nowhere was life of populations, conserve and reha-
Like the Writer in the novel, question the present moment of crisis. What are we doing wondering about a future society, a utopian society, a fiction bilitate heritage and contribute to local
who never felt the little boy in Portugal? and what can we do? what do we think about that, directly or indirectly, architects are responsible for development. In 2013 one such inter-
Tadzio, Portugal only ab- what was the Modern Movement? how was it preserved? and building, a dream to transform reality into a better place. vention was held at the village of Covas
sorbed modernity in a platon- how can we deal with the new change? This newspaper is the Portuguese Pavillion: it aims to have do Monte, currently Terra Amada is
ic romance. We might have touched it The Architectural discourse is built by systems of repre- an influence on the present Portuguese situation, to start a working in the village of Vale de Papas,
once, by accident, ahead of time in sentation such as drawings, models, photographs, books, debate, to provoke some kind of reaction, to show possible Viseu district.
1755, with the reconstruction of Lis- films and advertisement. The relationship of architecture paths, using examples from the past and speaking about the http://ppl.com.pt/pt/prj/
bons downtown damaged area, after with the media was extremely important to the development future. Everything happens in a specific place, with specif- iniciativa-terra-amada-vale-de-papas
the earthquake. At the dawn of En- of modern architecture, Beatriz Colomina argues that archi- ic persons, in specific context, its not nowhere, but we
lightenment, while the rest of Europe tecture only becomes modern through its engagement with constantly forget that what we sometimes call Utopia is
was only beginning the debate on the the mass media. We want to use the newspaper not only as probably the only drive for modernity, without a notion of Thanks to the Biennale
urban space of modernity, Portugal
was already hands-on building it. En-
an memento for modernity in architecture, materializing
not only a kind of archeological artifact that can represent
future there is no modernity.
Pedro CAMPOS Costa something begins
lightenment high-tech without modern
reinforced concrete, premature mod-
to happen
ernization with the same reproductive The six largest banks operating in the
Next issue: Beyond Growth

effect as premature ejaculation. Portuguese market ask for exceptional
Later, while Corbusier envisioned regime to sell unfinished houses.
bulldozing most of historical Paris to The Biennale project Architecture
build his Plan Voisin, Portugal was and Crisis promotes new procedures
beginning the erection of Fatimas that allow for the completion of unfin-
Sanctuary to signal the place where, ished buildings. Alerted and motivated
in 1917, three shepherds children saw by this project, the Portuguese Asso-
visions of the holy Virgin Mary. When ciation of Banks (APB) submitted a pro-
the International Style was alive, posal to the Government which aims to
kicking and franchising overseas, Por- create an exceptional regime to allow
tugals modernization urges were them to sell unfinished houses. This
chastely tamed and Portugus Suave concerns the properties, in many cases
was then the official architectonic style still development opportunities, re-
of the dictatorship. Salazars closefist- ceived in endowment because of non-
ed regime did absorb some of the prof- compliance by builders and developers
itable wonders of modern construc- to keep up with loan payment to the
tion, but always managed to remain pa- banks in recent years. Banks are not
triotically aroused: plain dom-ino geared up, and are in fact restricted in
structures all covered up by a full on the the type of development and build-
pastiche of vernacular architectonic ing operations that they can undertake.
elements, on steroids. Thus, these properties have no possi-
With the 1974 Carnation Revolution bility of being used for a long time.
two years after Pruitt-Igoes demoli- Therefore, it is important to find a solu-
tion and with it the recognition by tion to facilitate, simplify and shorten
Charles Jenks of the day modern archi- the sale process to allow for a faster
tecture died Portugal went straight transfer of these properties to the real
from chastely mild to orgasmically estate sector.
post. In the young democracy, do-it-
yourself architecture ruled. Every self-
made man was proud of his self-made
house at his home village (the Portu-
guese Dream) and greedy greasy con-
tractors were the urban planners of the
exotic continuous city. When archi- Weather
30
tects were starting to question their
role in the aesthetic homogeneity of the
territory, the EU arrived to our shores.
Suddenly, we were no longer Portu-
0
guese peasants; we were Europeans
with bourgeois pretensions. Portuguese
Sprawl looked sparkling at night, but in
daylight every house turned into a wan-
nabe. Highly fertile studs, A la Siza
and Souto Mouresque became our
Portuguese Official Representation at the 14th International Architecture
Exhibition, La Biennale di Venezia 7 June to 23 November 2014 www.homeland.pt
very own International Style; but then
Newspaper distribution point

again we were castrated, coined re-
gionalists by Frampton.
From proto-high-tech, through high-
tech-in-drag, to low-tech-D.I.Y: this was
dysfunctional Portuguese architecture
trying to absorb modernity. Today, we
are rather being swallowed by it.Death
in Venice, we answer, lets put an end
to this soap opera. This time, instead of
shipping an exhibition or building a pa-
vilion, Portugal releases a stallion in
Venice beware, it might look soft like
a paper tiger, but it is hung like a Troi-
kan horse!
Alexandra Areia Matilde Seabra
Friendly Fire is an independent architecture collective interested

in subversive and humorous narratives and practices. Its aim is to
address the architectural culture and its effects on everyday life in Clear blue sky Plenty of sunshine.
an alternative and informal perspective. Friendly Fire is Alexandra Moderate winds mostly persist and coastal
Areia, Gonalo Azevedo, Ivo Poas Martins, Matilde Seabra, Pedro breezes. Moderately high waves of greater
Baa and Pedro Barata. length. Low humidity levels.

HOMELAND - News From Portugal - 01

Hochgeladen von

Dokumentinformationen

Originaltitel

Copyright

Verfügbare Formate

Dieses Dokument teilen

Dokument teilen oder einbetten

Freigabeoptionen

Stufen Sie dieses Dokument als nützlich ein?

Sind diese Inhalte unangemessen?

Copyright:

Verfügbare Formate

HOMELAND - News From Portugal - 01

Hochgeladen von

Copyright:

Verfügbare Formate

The State is no longer a Darwinian phoenix, CODE The Strangeness of

driving force for quality FOR HUMAN EVOLUTION Something Familiar

Portuguese architecture and film P.38

of a nervous and purposeful reflection on housing, a

Building ceio Silva, Alvaro Siza, Gonalo By-

Intimacy as a tool for regional

Highlights Editorial Opening

Sandra M. Pereira Experience Venice in Portugal

Augusto Mateus flection in Portugal, we chose to look at

Ricardo Carvalho started 40 years ago, in June of 1974,

Joo Seixas gals Vernacular architecture, anony-

Nelson Mota monplace for several misunderstand-

Architecture in Our Hands Eclipse

Modern Housing 1914-2014

Modernity, Diversity, Detail

n Portugal as elsewhere, the way

Modern Housing Types 1914-2014 Porto 0 5 10

CREATO CON LA VERSIONE DIDATTICA DI UN PRODOTTO AUTODESK

First Floor Plan

CON LA VERSIONE DIDATTICA DI UN PRODOTTO AUTODESK Neighbourhood das Estacas,

Planta tipo - piso 2

Small Neighbourhood forThirty

Marques da Silva 193-259, Porto

Planta 0 3th Floor Plan

Ground Floor Plan First Floor Plan

Rua de Drdio Gomes, Porto

CREATO CON LA VERSIONE DIDATTICA DI UN PRODOTTO AUTODESK

First Floor Plan

Ground Floor Plan

CREATO CON LA VERSIONE DIDATTICA DI UN PRODOTTO AUT

09. Bairro da Pasteleira Bloco E

Typical Floor Plan

Pedro Ramalho e Srgio Fernandez

Typical Floor Plan

First Floor Plan Ground Floor Plan

Eduardo Souto de Moura

Typical Floor Plan

Typical Floor Plan First Floor Plan Typical Floor Plan

Modern Housing Types 1914-2014 Porto Lisbon

EDIFCIO ATLNTICO TERESA FONSECA

1995 1998 2005 2010 1960-1964 19711975 1982

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

22. Edifcio Atlntico

CREATO CON LA VERSIONE DIDATTICA DI UN PRODOTTO AUTODESK

CREATO CON LA VERSIONE DIDATTICA DI UN PRODOTTO AUTODESK

CREATO CON LA VERSIONE DIDATTICA DI UN PRODOTTO AUTODESK

18. Conjunto Habitacional de Matosinhos

18. Conjunto Habitacional de Matosinhos

CREATO CON LA VERSIONE DIDATTICA DI UN PRODOTTO AUTODESK

Typical Floor Plan

35. Habitaes em Serralves

CREATO CON LA VERSIONE DIDATTICA DI UN PRODOTTO AUTODESK

Antnio Pardal Monteiro

19 Typical Floor Plan

BEIRO Helder Casal I Conjunto Hab. Fontainhas

25. Edifcio Stira

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

esc. 1.5000 32_VELOSO Carlos_Conj Hab Travessa dos Salgueiros

1999 CREATO CON LA VERSIONE DIDATTICA DI UN PRODOTTO AUTODESK

Quinta das Sedas, Rua Joo Rosa,

1.500 1.500 1.500 1.500 1.500 1.500 1.500 1.500

Piso 3 Piso 2 Piso 1 Piso 0 Piso 3 Piso 2 Piso 1 Piso 0

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT Rua Cidade de Luanda, Olivais South

Modern Housing Types 1914-2014 Porto 0 5 10

Modern Housing Types 1914-2014 Porto Lisbon

Modern Housing Exteriors 19142014 Porto Lisbon

Modern Housing Interiors 19142014 Porto 0 1 2 5