International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET)

Volume 8, Issue 1, January 2017, pp. 452455, Article ID: IJCIET_08_01_052

Available online at http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/issues.asp?JType=IJCIET&VType=8&IType=1
ISSN Print: 0976-6308 and ISSN Online: 0976-6316
IAEME Publication

AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON PARTIAL

REPLACEMENT OF CEMENT WITH BAGASSE
ASH IN CONCRETE MIX
K. Kiran
PG Student, Civil Engineering Department,
K L University, A. P, India

I. Siva Kishore
Assistant Professor, Civil Engineering Department,
K L University, A. P, India

ABSTRACT:
Objectives: There is an increase in demand and utilization of cement and many scientists
are in search for developing alternative binding materials that can be eco-friendly and helps
towards waste management. The use of agricultural and industrial waste produced can help
in reduction of waste is in focus. Methods: In this work one of the agro waste named
sugarcane bagasse ash (SCBA) has been used as partial replacement of cement. SCBA is
produced by burning of sugarcane bagasse which is left after extraction of juice from
sugarcane. At high temperature under controlled condition bagasse is burned to obtain ash
which contains high amorphous silica. In this paper the cement by weight is replaced by 0%,
5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 25% by SCBA in concrete. Findings: A comparison is made for
0% and other percentages by conducting different tests named compressive strength test,
flexural strength test and split tensile strength test for 7 days and 28 days. Improvements:
The test results shows that Sugarcane Bagasse Ash can be utilized for partial replacement of
cement up to 15% by weight of cement without any major loss in strength.
Key words: Agricultural Waste, SCBA, Concrete, Silica Content
Cite this Article: K. Kiran and I. Siva Kishore, An Experimental Study On Partial
Replacement of Cement with Bagasse Ash In Concrete Mix. International Journal of Civil
Engineering and Technology, 8(1), 2017, pp. 452455.
http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/issues.asp?JType=IJCIET&VType=8&IType=1

1. INTRODUCTION
Concrete is second most used material after water. Cement is the important constituent of concrete.
During the production of cement, one of the greenhouse gasses namely carbon dioxide is emitted
which is responsible for causing global warming1. Currently, some of the agro waste such as rice
husk ash, sugarcane bagasse ash, etc has been used as an admixture. This one of the effective ways
to reduce its impact on environment2. In the current study, an attempt has been made in order to use
bagasse ash as partial replacement of cement. This waste usage can be economical and also have

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 An Experimental Study On Partial Replacement of Cement with Bagasse Ash In Concrete Mix

positive impacts in minimizing environmental pollution. Sugarcane is grown in around 110 countries
of about 1500 million tons 3. In India, more than 300 million tons of sugarcane is grown 4,5. Bagasse
is the residue left after extraction of juice from sugarcane6,7. Nearly 30% of bagasse is obtained.
When this baggase is burned underneath controlled temperature it gives ash having high amorphous
silica and alumina oxides 8,9.
Pozzolanic reactions during hydration process are
C3S + H2O C-S-H (gel) + Ca(OH)2
The free lime present reacts with silica present in pozzolana giving C-S-H gel
Ca(OH)2 + SiO2 C-S-H(gel) [9]
In this experimental study, an attempt of replacement of cement with bagasse ash partially in
concrete mix is made for M30 grade with ratios of 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 25%

1.1. OBJECTIVE
The objective of the current investigation is to
Investigate the suitableness of SCBA as partial replacement material for cement in concrete mix
identify the appropriate quantity of cement that can be replaced with SCBA

2. METHODOLOGY
Mix Design: As per IS: 10262:2009.The mix proportion is 1:1.52:2.82 and with water-cement ratio
of 0.42
2.1. Experimental work: The SCBA is collected from the sugar factory and used as cement
replacement material. The cement is replaced with the different percentages (0, 5, 10, 15 20 and 25)
of SCBA by the cement weight
2.2. Test procedure: The mix of concrete mix is cast in 36 cube moulds of size 150 mm
x150mm150mm, 36 beam moulds of size 100mmX100mmX500 mm and 36 cylindrical moulds of
150 mm diameter and 300 mm height. The concrete samples are immersed in water after 24 hours
of casting. Tests are conducted after 7 and 28 days of curing.

2.3. MATERIALS
2.3.1. Cement: OPC of 53 grade, conforming to IS: 1229-1987 is used with specific gravity of 3.15.
2.3.2. Fine aggregate: Fine aggregate used is locally available river sand. Tests on fine aggregate
are conducted as per IS: 383-1970.It is found that specific gravity is 2.65. Fine aggregate belongs to
zone III grade having fineness modulus of 2.04.
2.3.3. Coarse aggregate: Gravel of 20mm nominal size is used. The specific gravity is 2.72
2.3.4. Water: Portable water conforming to IS 456:2000
2.3.5. Sugarcane Bagasse ash: In the present experimental study the SCBA is collected from K.C.P
Sugar factory, Vuyyuru, Andhra Pradesh. It is sieved through 150 and used. The specific gravity
of SCBA is 1.83. The chemical composition of SCBA is shown in Table 1.

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 K. Kiran and I. Siva Kishore

Table 1 Chemical composition of cement and bagasse ash

Component Cement SCBA
SiO2 20 71.5
Al2O3 6 4.70
Fe2O3 3 2.1
CaO 63 3.2
MgO 1.5 0.85
SO3 2 0.18
K2O 1.0 2.51

3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Tests are conducted as per Indian specifications. The results obtained are an average of three trails
are taken as in each case. The results obtained from the experimental study are showed in Table 2.
From results obtained we can see that with an increase in age, strength is also increased when cement
is replaced up to 15%. It can be also noticed that the maximum strength is obtained when cement is
replaced by 5% when compared with 0%.

Table 2 Results obtained for 7 days and 28 days

Compressive strength Split tensile strength Flexural strength

% of (N/mm2) (N/mm2) (N/mm2)
SCBA
7 days 28 days 7 days 28 days 7 days 28 days

0% 25.29 39.47 1.09 1.31 2.5 3.92

5% 29.07 45.54 1.12 1.37 2.85 4.38

10% 24.12 42.96 1.01 1.34 2.4 4.12

15% 22.96 39.69 0.992 1.32 2.3 4.00

20% 15.26 30.05 0.718 1.05 1.78 2.86

25% 9.82 18.69 0.614 0.86 1.19 2.00

4. CONCLUSIONS
From the experimental study following conclusions are made
The results from above tests show that Sugarcane Bagasse Ash can be utilized for partial replacement
of cement up to 15% by weight of cement without any major loss of strength.
The results showed that the concrete with 5% of SCBA after 28 days of curing had higher strength
when compared to concrete with other replacement percentages.
Greenhouse gasses emissions can be reduced by replacement of cement with OPC.
Mechanical properties of concrete are developed in later ages due to slow pozzolanic reactions

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 An Experimental Study On Partial Replacement of Cement with Bagasse Ash In Concrete Mix

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