Why we use blocking and by pass capacitor in CE amplifier?

The question asked here is very much interesting , and a particular favourite of mine , because it is
initially hard to digest the reasons .

The other answers are very much appropriate !

However , I am elaborating by trying to explain the basic concepts involved.

Let's start with our circuit for BJT amplifier , in Common Emitter mode .
And analysing each and every component involved.

I recommend , everyone to implement this circuit in actual , in your laboratory , and follow the
explanation.
(if it is possible, but do try it whenever you get access to your lab )
You just need :
1) The circuit components.
2) DC power supply.
3) A signal generator , for Input AC signal .
4) CRO/ DSO , to observe the signal .

And perform this small experiment

A) after completing the circuit , pass an AC voltage at the input , and observe the amplified output .
- 1) remove the Capacitor Ce from the circuit , and then measure the output

Observation :_________________
 Now , keeping into mind that u might have already observed the phenomenon ,let's analyse the circuit .

There is an NPN BJT , with voltage divider biasing , provided by resistors Rc , Re and
R1, R2. Then there are coupling capacitors C1 and C2 ( the Blocking capacitors which is mentioned
in the question ). Also Ce , which is the By-pass capacitor.

RL is the load resistor , which is basically the resistance offered by the load ( ie any
measuring instrument , or any circuit which gets the output signal as its input )

The question arises here is , the significance of Voltage divider biasing , and the capacitors ?.

the voltage divider biasing helps us to keep the transistor in ACTIVE region of
operation . This means it provides a DC voltage (Vq) and a DC current (iq) combination , which is
represent graphically as the Q point , or the Quiescent point, shown in the diagram below.

Quiescent means Still , you can refer to it , as the apparent stillness or a calm motion of a
Flowing river .
(Any other biasing configuration can also be done,but main motto is to stabilise the Q
point.)
 It is in the active region that the AC signal isn't cut off , and is properly amplified . Hence ,
the above biasing helps us to provide proper voltage at the various terminals of a transistor such
that the electric wave oscillates within the active region only .

Now let's get back to ,

Coupling / blocking capacitors

Usually , the amplifier circuits are cascaded or coupled with other required circuitry.
Those circuits which pass on the AC signal to the other transistors might carry a DC
voltage level that will shift the AC reference from Zero Volts to a particular voltage say 2
V.
This means that the a 6 Vpp AC signal will have its peak voltages at 5V and -1 V.

This DC level will super pose with the existing DC biasing and this will cause the transistor to change its
biasing region from active to saturated. Or cut off.
This will not amplify the signal , however it can destroy the transistor for the wave constantly causes the
transistor to switch from saturated region to active and vice, versa.

That is why , A coupling capacitor is used one each at the input , as well as output , so as to block the DC
components for getting coupled with the existing circuit , and couple only the AC signal.

Thus our circuit is completely isolated from external DC . As well as it wouldn't pass it's own DC
levels to the other circuit which might be coupled at the output.

For the bypass capacitor,

A considerable reason for including the bypass caps is to provide an AC ground. This happens because ,
the AC signal will pass through the Capacitor Ce and bypass the resistor , making the apparent
resistance zero.

Consider the Voltage gain equation derived using KVL & Ohms law.

If Re=0 ,
Them the gain becomes -gm*Rc , which is actually larger than the previous gain.
Also the DC biasing isn't affected , due to presence of Re.
This reason is very much appealing and seems to be perfect.

BUT,

Now let's get back to the observation we get from the above experiment !
If you have performed it right , the signal might have got attenuated !
Yes , the signal isn't amplified , but attenuated.

This occurs because , the Voltage Biasing at Re , gives a opposing feedback signal to the existing Input
signal.
< you can apply KVL analysis and check the mathematical nature of the voltage , which will be negative &
opposing to the Input signal >

This means everytime I give an input signal , the Voltage , across Re , will oppose my input signal and
cause it to attenuate.

This opposing feedback , which is AC in nature , can be Bypassed with the help of the BYPASS
CAPACITOR! Without disturbing the DC biasing.

Now , the story doesn't end here

Bypass capacitors , passes all the high frequency noise which is prevalent in the circuit due to floating DC
levels . Thus it provides ground to the high frequency noise present in the circuit .
So Bypass capacitor , also helps to remove Noise !

Normal BJT with DC biasing

DC with noise , due to floating Nature of the biasing voltage. Floating means ground isn't provided
properly , and this causes external noise fluctuations to get added .

Pure DC , with proper ground

Productive And Corrective Criticism , will be accepted sportingly , so do correct me wherever I am

wrong !
Thank you !