Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
1 Diagrams 1 shows a tropical 4 Which of the following are related to Toleransi perubahan pH yang terhad
rainforest before and after eutrophication? B Food poisoning
Antara yang berikut, manakah berkaitan Keracunan makanan
deforestation.
Rajah 1 menunjukkan satu hutan hujan dengan eutrofikasi? C Cancer and gene mutation
tropika sebelum dan selepas penyahhutanan. I This process will encourage high Kanser dan mutasi gen
rate of algae growth. D Reduce the oxygen content in
Proses ini akan menggalakkan kadar blood
pertumbuhan alga yang tinggi. Mengurangkan kandungan oksigen
II Reduce concentration of oxygen dalam darah
Diagram 1 Rajah 1
in water and causes death of
aquatic organisms. 8 Which of the following best
Which of the following are the Mengurangkan kepekatan oksigen dalam describes the biological oxygen
effects of deforestation? air dan menyebabkan kematian demand (BOD)?
Antara yang berikut, manakah ialah kesan organisma akuatik. Antara yang berikut, manakah merupakan
penyahhutanan? III The thick scum will prevent huraian bagi keperluan oksigen biokimia
I Global warming sunlight from reaching the yang paling baik?
Pemanasan global A The increase of organic matter in
bottom of the water.
II Disruptions to the road transport Lapisan tebal kotoran akan mengelakkan water will raise the activities of
system cahaya matahari daripada sampai ke the decomposing organisms.
Gangguan sistem pengangkutan jalan dasar air. Pertambahan bahan organik dalam air
III The loss of biodiversity IV The decomposition by bacteria of akan meningkatkan aktiviti penguraian
Kehilangan biodiversiti dead organic matter will decrease organisma.
IV Extinction of animal and plant the BOD. B Degree of pollution of water
species Penguraian bahan organik mati oleh sample.
Kepupusan spesies haiwan dan bakteria akan menurunkan BOD. Tahap pencemaran bagi sampel air.
tumbuhan A I, II and III only C The amount of carbon dioxide
A I, II and III only I, II dan III sahaja being released by the aquatic
I, II dan III sahaja B I, II and IV only organisms.
B I, II and IV only I, II dan IV sahaja Amaun karbon dioksida yang dibebaskan
I, II dan IV sahaja C II, III and IV only oleh organisma akuatik.
C I, III and IV only II, III dan IV sahaja D The amount of oxygen that is
I, III dan IV sahaja D I, II, III and IV being consumed by the aquatic
D I, II, III and IV I, II, III dan IV
I, II, III dan IV organisms.
Amaun oksigen yang digunakan oleh
2 Which of the following is not a 5 Which of the following activity organisma akuatik.
source of thermal pollution? causes the eutrophication
Antara yang berikut, manakah bukan satu
sumber pencemaran terma? phenomenon? 9 The Diagram 2 show the several
Antara aktiviti yang berikut, manakah stages during the eutrophication.
A Nuclear reactors menyebabkan fenomena eutrofikasi?
Reaktor nuklear Rajah 2 menunjukkan beberapa peringkat
A Chemical Toxins semasa eutrofikasi.
B Tall glass buildings Toksin kimia
Bangunan bercermin yang tinggi
B Disposal of sewage
C Construction works Pembuangan kumbahan
Kerja pembinaan
C Radioactive wastes
D Electric power stations Bahan buangan radioaktif
Stesen kuasa elektrik
D Presence of excess acid
Kehadiran asid yang berlebihan
3 Heavy metals cause negative effects
to human in 6 What is the possible noise intensity
Logam berat menyebabkan kesan negatif
kepada manusia dalam when someone feel uncomfortable
A reducing the pH of cells and with the sound produced by a rock
upsets enzyme functions. band?
menurunkan pH sel dan mengganggu Berapakah keamatan bunyi yang mungkin
fungsi enzim. apabila seseorang rasa tidak selesa dengan
bunyi yang dihasilkan oleh sekumpulan rock?
B the formation of tissue fibres in
A 80 dB C 70 dB
the lungs.
pembentukan gentian tisu dalam peparu. B 90 dB D 60 dB
C disrupting or stopping the normal
function of enzymes. 7 What is the possible effect caused by
mengganggu atau menghentikan fungsi long term exposure to chemical
normal enzim. toxins?
D competing with oxygen for Apakah kesan yang mungkin apabila
absorption by blood. seseorang terdedah kepada toksin kimia Diagram 2 Rajah 2
bersaing dengan oksigen untuk dalam jangka masa yang panjang?
What is stage P?
penyerapan oleh darah. Apakah peringkat P?
A Limited tolerance of pH change
PAPER 2 KERTAS 2
SECTION A BAHAGIAN A
Diagram 1 Rajah 1
(a) Name one type of pollutant discharged into the river.
[1 mark]
Namakan satu bahan pencemar yang dibuang ke dalam sungai.
[1 markah]
________________________________________________
Zone X : _________________________________
Zon X:
Zone Y : _________________________________
Zon Y:
Zone Z :_________________________________
Zon Z:
[3 marks]
[3 markah]
________________________________________
__________________________________________________
(b) (i) Name the phenomenon in Diagram 2. [1 mark]
________________________________________ Namakan fenomenon di Rajah 2. [1 markah]
__________________________________________________
(e) Due to development, a chemical factory was built to
replace the chicken and vegetable farm. (ii) What is the main substances that causes the
Disebabkan oleh perkembangan, sebuah kilang kimia dibina untuk
menggantikan ladang ayam dan kebun sayur-sayuran.
phenomenon in b(i) to occur? [1 mark]
Apakah bahan utama yang menyebabkan fenomenon di b(i)
(i) What is the effect of this chemical factory on the berlaku? [1 markah]
river? [1 mark]
Apakah kesan kilang kimia ini ke atas sungai? [1 markah] __________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
(ii) What is the effects of this chemical factory on the (c) (i) Give two negative impacts of the phenomenon in
concentration of dissolved oxygen and the b(i). [2 marks]
population of fish. [2 marks] Berikan dua impak negatif bagi fenomenon di b(i).
Apakah kesan kilang kimia ini ke atas kepekatan oksigen yang [2 markah]
terlarut dan populasi ikan. [2 markah] __________________________________________________
________________________________________ [2 markah]
________________________________________
________________________________________
(ii) Suggest two ways to overcome the phenomenon
2 Diagram 2 shows a phenomenon in the atmosphere which in b(i). [2 marks]
take place in layer X. Cadangkan dua cara untuk mengatasi fenomenon di b(i).
Rajah 2 menunjukkan satu fenomenon dalam atmosfera yang berlaku [2 markah]
dalam lapisan X.
[2 markah]
________________________________________
________________________________________________________
Diagram 2 Rajah 2
________________________________________________________
SECTION B BAHAGIAN B
3 Diagram 3.1 shows an phenomenon. Rajah 3.2 menunjukkan satu aktiviti yang menyebabkan
Rajah 3.1 menunjukkan satu fenomenon. ketidakseimbangan ekosistem.
1 Yati wipes the windows and floors of her house every Prosedur atau kaedah eksperimen
morning. However, she observes that in the afternoon, the Presentation of data
Cara data dipersembahkan
windows and floors are always covered with a layer of dust.
Conclusion
Her house is located in a village and there are very few Kesimpulan
motor vehicles on the road. There is a factory about 0.6 km [17 marks]
away from her house. Thick dark smoke is always being [17 markah]
emitted from the factory chimney.
Yati mengelap tingkap dan lantai rumahnya setiap pagi. Walau 2 A group of students conducted an experiment to study the
bagaimanapun,
dia memerhatikan bahawa tingkap dan lantainya selalu dilitupi satu level of water pollution from four different sources. Areas P,
lapisan habuk apabila sampai waktu petang. Rumahnya terletak di Q, R and S were chosen.
kawasan kampung dan terdapat hanya sedikit kenderaan di atas jalan Sekumpulan pelajar menjalankan satu eksperimen untuk mengkaji tahap
raya. Terdapat sebuah kilang kira-kira 0.6 km dari rumahnya. Asap hitam pencemaran air dari empat sumber yang berbeza. Kawasan P, Q, R dan S
yang tebal selalu dibebaskan dari cerobong kilang tersebut. telah dipilih.
Describe how a group of students can plan a simple The students carried out the following steps:
experiment to show the effect of smoke from the factory on Pelajar-pelajar tersebut menjalankan langkah-langkah berikut:
the surrounding area. Step 1 : 1 ml of 0.1 % methylene blue solution was added
Huraikan bagaimana sekumpulan pelajar boleh merancang satu to water sample P in a reagent bottle.
eksperimen ringkas untuk menunjukkan kesan asap dari kilang kepada Langkah 1 : 1 ml larutan 0.1% metilena biru ditambah kepada sampel air
kawasan persekitarannya. P dalam botol reagen.
Step 2 : The reagent bottle was kept in a dark cupboard.
The planning of the investigation should include the Langkah 2 : Botol reagen tersebut disimpan dalam sebuah almari yang
gelap.
following aspects:.
Rancangan kajian hendaklah meliputi aspek-aspek berikut: Step 3 : The bottle is examined and the time taken for the
Aim of investigation decolourisation of methylene blue in the water
Tujuan kajian sample is recorded.
Problem statement Langkah 3 : Botol tersebut diperiksa dan masa untuk penyahwarnaan
Pernyataan masalah metilena biru bagi sampel air tersebut direkodkan.
Hypothesis
Hipotesis Diagram 1 shows the method used in the experiment.
Variables Rajah 1 menunjukkan kaedah yang digunakan dalam eksperimen ini.
Pemboleh ubah
List of apparatus and materials
Senarai radas dan bahan
Technique used
Teknik yang digunakan
Experimental procedures or method
Navision (M) Sdn. Bhd. (690640-P) 67 SULIT
SULIT
Inference 1 : ______________________________
Inferens 1
Inference 2 : ______________________________
Inferens 2
[3 marks]
[3 markah]
Diagram 1 Rajah 1
Steps 1 to 3 are repeated for water samples Q, R and S. The (b) Record the time taken for decolourisation of methylene
time taken for decolourisation of methylene blue solution is blue solution for the water samples in the spaces
shown in Diagram 2. provided in Diagram 2. [3 marks]
Langkah 1 hingga 3 diulangi untuk sampel air Q, R, dan S. Masa yang Rekodkan masa yang diambil untuk penyahwarnaan larutan metilena
diambil untuk pelunturan larutan metilena biru ditunjukkan dalam Rajah biru dalam sampel-sampel air dalam ruang yang disediakan di Rajah
2. 2. [3 markah]
Water sample, P Water sample, Q (c) Complete Table 1 based on this experiment.
Sampel air, P Sampel air, Q Lengkapkan jadual 1 berdasarkan eksperimen ini.
Manipulated
variable
Pemboleh ubah
dimanipulasikan
minute minute
Responding
minit minit
variable
Pemboleh ubah
Water sample, R Water sample, S bergerak balas
Sampel air, R Sampel air, S
Constant variable
Pemboleh ubah
dimalarkan
Table 1 Jadual 1
[3 marks]
[3 markah]
(d) State the hypothesis for this experiment. [3 marks]
Nyatakan hipotesis untuk eksperimen ini.
[3 markah]
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
minute minute
____________________________________________
minit minit
(e) (i) Construct a table and record the results of the
Diagram 2 Rajah 2 experiment.
(a) (i) Based on Diagram 2, state two observations on the Bina satu jadual dan rekodkan keputusan eksperimen.
relationship between water sample and time taken [3 marks]
[3 markah]
for decolourisation of methylene blue solution.
Berdasarkan Rajah 2, nyatakan dua pemerhatian mengenai
(ii) Explain the relationship between the time taken
hubungan antara sampel air dan masa penyahwarnaan for decolourisation of methylene blue and the
larutan metilena biru. level of water pollution in the water samples.
Terangkan hubungan antara masa yang diambil untuk
1. ______________________________________ penyahwarnaan larutan metilena biru dan tahap pencemaran
air dalam setiap sampel air.
2. ______________________________________
[3 marks]
[3 marks] [3 markah]
[3 markah] ___________________________________________________
(ii) State the inferences which correspond to the
observations in l(a)(i). ____________________________________________________
(f) One of the students in the group did not keep the (h) Based on the results of this experiment, state the
reagent bottle that contained water sample P and meaning of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD)
methylene blue solution in the dark cupboard. Predict operationally.
Berdasarkan keputusan eksperimen, nyatakan maksud keperluan
the results obtained by the student as compared to other oksigen biokimia (BOD) secara operasi.
students. Explain your prediction. [3 marks]
Salah satu pelajar dalam kumpulan tersebut tidak menyimpan botol [3 markah]
reagen yang mengandungi sampel air P dan larutan metilena biru
dalam almari gelap. Ramalkan keputusan yang akan diperoleh oleh
pelajar tersebut berbanding dengan pelajar lain. Terangkan ramalan ________________________________________________________
anda.
[3 marks]
[3 markah] _____________________________________________
________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
(i) From the experiment carried out, arrange the water
samples according to the degree of water quality from
_____________________________________________ the cleanest to the most polluted.
Dari eksperimen yang telah dijalankan, susunkan sampel air
(g) Another student brought a sample of filthy water Y berdasarkan tahap kualiti air dari yang paling bersih hingga yang
from a drain that decolourised very fast compared to the paling tercemar.
other samples. State the relationship between dissolved [3 marks]
[3 markah]
organic content and the time for decolourisation of ________________________________________________________
methylene blue.
Seorang pelajar lain membawa satu sampel air yang kotor Y dari
longkang yang menyahwarnakan sangat cepat berbanding sampel _____________________________________________
lain. Nyatakan hubungan antara kandungan organik terlarut dan
masa penyahwarnaan metilena biru.
[3 marks] _____________________________________________
[3 markah]
________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________