SUMMARY OF THREE DIMENSIONAL FIGURE MODELLING

Ahmad Syaiful Rizal

110210151001

DEPARTEMENT OF MATHEMATIC EDUCATION

FACULTY OF TEACHING TRAINING AND EDUCATION
UNIVERSITY OF JEMBER
2012/2013

SPACE CURVES
 A curve which may pass through any region of three dimensional space, as
contrasted to a plane curve which must lie on a single plane.

C(u)=x(u)i+y(u)j+z(u)k
x(u)= 3u2+4u+1
y(u)=2u+1
z(u)=3u3+2

when C(u)o, then C(u) is regular

A continuously differentiable curve (function) is called smooth. To define the
curvature it is convenient to use the Frenet frame, which is actually a pair of
orthogonal coordinates having origin at the point of interest, P.

z(u)

k P(x,y,x) = <x,y,z>

i j y(u)

x(u)

example: p(u) = a2u2+a1u1+a0u0

 = <a2x,a2y,a2z>u2 + <a1x,a1y,a1z>u1 + <a0x,a0y,a0z>u0
= (a2xi,a2yj,a2zk)u2 + (a1xi,a1yj,a1zk)u1 + (a0xi,a0yj,a0zk)u0
= (a2u u2 + a2u u1 + a2u u0) i + (a1u u2 + a1u u1 + a1u u0) j + (a0u
u2 + a0u u1 + a0u u0) k

= u2 + u1 + u0

We add the vector p(u) :

p'(0) = a0
p(1) = a2+a1+a0
p'(u) = 2a2u + a1
p'(1) = 2a2 + a1
z(u)

p(u)
p(0)
y(u)

x(u)

Presenting The Algebra And Geometry Form.

Choosing the right form of curve or surface equation is very important to
design or operate the object. For example the parametric cube P(u) curve are
expressed by algebra form
x(u) = aox+a1xu+a2xu2+a3xu3
y(u) = aoy+a1yu+a2yu2+a3yu3
z(u) = aoz+a1zu+a2zu2+a3zu3
with the parameter u that is bounded in interval 0u1. Bounding the magnitude of
the parameter u is in order to make the segment of the curve is finite and controlled
easily.
We can write into the vector function:
P(u) = ao+a1u+a2u2+a3u3
With condition :
P(0)= ao
P(1)= ao+a1+ a2+ a3
Pu(0)=dP(0)/du= a1
Pu(1)= dP(1)/du= a1+2 a2+3 a3
With ao, a1, a2, a3 are the vectors that equivalent with the algebra scalar coefficient
We get another form from the equation above:
ao =P(0)
a1= Pu(0)
a2= -3P(0)+3P(1)-2Pu(0)-Pu(1)
a3= 2P(0)-2P(1)+Pu(0)+Pu(1)

if thus equation are substituted to the P(u) then we get the Hermit curve
P(u)=P(0)H1(u)-P(1)H2(u)+Pu(0)H3(u)+Pu(1)H4(u)
Denoted by P(u)=PoH1-P1H2+PouH3+P1uH4 with the base functions H1(u), H2(u),
H3(u), H4(u):
H1(u)=2u3-3u2+1 H2(u)=-2u3+3u2
H3(u)=u3-2u2+u H4(u)=u3-u2
The question above is the expression of curve in geometric form and
Po,P1,Pou,P1u is called geometric equation. The functions H1(u), H2(u), H3(u), H4(u) is
Hermit base
 Introducing About The Modeling of Shape
Designing the form of a shape, commonly built from the general formula. We
can say that the designing or modeling form of things can be done by using the
principal of combining several part of the smaller shape to get the complete form of
things.
First, it will be shown about the curve and surface. We design or model by
using software called MAPLE.
The objective using the MAPLE is we can make, or combine several piece of
curve smoothly and become good shape.
 The Example Of Curve And Surface Parametric Formula.
1. Space curve : C(u)=<x(u),y(u),z(u)>
The syntax:
>
>

2. Helix centered in (x1,y1,z1): HL(u)=<x1+cos u,y1+sin u, z1+u>

The syntax
3. Sphere with radius R the center at (x1,y1,z1)
S(u,v)=<R. sin v cos u+x1, R. sin v sin u+y1, R. cos v+z1>
The syntax:

4. Ellipzoide with radius R, the major axis is parallel Z axis and center at (x1,y1,z1)
E(u,v)= )=<R. sin v cos u+x1, R. sin v sin u+y1, R. cos v+z1>
The syntax:

5. Cylinder (opened) the radius R through (x1,y1,z1)

 CT(u,v)=<R cos u+x1, R sin u+y1, zv>
The syntax:

6. Circle plane with the radius R and the center at (x1,y1,z1) and with height z1
Ci(u,v)=<R u cos v+x1, R u sin v+ y1.z1>
The syntax:
7. Hyperboloid centered at (x1,y1,z1)
H(u,v)=<(cos u v sin u)+x1, (sin u+vcos u)+y1, v+z1>
The syntax:

8. Catenoid centered at (x1,y1,z1)

the syntax:
KT(u,v)=<R cos u cosh v, R sin u cosh v, 4v>
9. Pseudo-ball
PB(u,v)=<R/v (cos u), R/v (sin u), R1 v>
The syntax: