Related Literature

(Draft)

What is Cultural Heritage?

Cultural Heritage is an expression of the ways of living developed by a community
and passed on from generation to generation, including customs, practices, places,
objects, artistic expressions and values. Cultural Heritage is often expressed as
either Intangible or Tangible Cultural Heritage (ICOMOS, 2002).
As part of human activity Cultural Heritage produces tangible representations of the
value systems, beliefs, traditions and lifestyles. As an essential part of culture as a
whole, Cultural Heritage, contains these visible and tangible traces form antiquity to
the recent past.

Cultural Heritage is a wide concept. We prefer to concentrate on the similarities

between the various heritage sectors, instead of on their differences.

Cultural Heritage types

Cultural Heritage can be distinguished in:

Built Environment or Cultural Property (Buildings, Townscapes, Archaeological

remains)
o Artifacts (Books & Documents, Objects, Pictures)
Intangible Culture (Traditions, Customs, Practices)
Natural Environment (Rural landscapes, Coasts and shorelines, Agricultural
heritage)
Cultural Property
Cultural property includes the physical, or "tangible" cultural heritage, such as
artworks. These are generally split into two groups of movable and immovable
heritage. Immovable heritage includes buildings (which themselves may include
installed art such as organs, stained glass windows, and frescos), large industrial
installations or other historic places and monuments. Moveable heritage includes
books, documents, moveable artworks, machines, clothing, and other artifacts, that
are considered worthy of preservation for the future. These include objects
significant to the archaeology, architecture, science or technology of a specified
culture.
Aspects and disciplines of the preservation and conservation of tangible culture
include:

Museology

Archival science
 Conservation (cultural heritage)

Art conservation

Archaeological conservation

Architectural conservation

Film preservation

Phonograph record preservation

Digital preservation

Intangible Culture
"Intangible cultural heritage" consists of non-physical aspects of a particular culture,
more often maintained by social customs during a specific period in history. The
concept includes the ways and means of behavior in a society, and the often formal
rules for operating in a particular cultural climate. These include social values
and traditions, customs and practices, aesthetic and spiritual beliefs, artistic
expression, language and other aspects of human activity. The significance of
physical artifacts can be interpreted[by whom?] against the backdrop of
socioeconomic, political, ethnic, religious and philosophical values of a particular
group of people. Naturally, intangible cultural heritage is more difficult to preserve
than physical objects.[citation needed]
Aspects of the preservation and conservation of cultural intangibles include:
folklore

oral history

language preservation

Natural Environment
"Natural heritage" is also an important part of a society's heritage, encompassing
the countryside and natural environment, including flora and fauna, scientifically
known as biodiversity, as well as geological elements (including mineralogical,
geomorphological, paleontological, etc.), scientifically known as geodiversity. These
kind of heritage sites often serve as an important component in a country's tourist
industry, attracting many visitors from abroad as well as locally. Heritage can also
include cultural landscapes (natural features that may have cultural attributes).
Aspects of the preservation and conservation of natural heritage include:
Rare breeds conservation
Heirloom plants

Driving force behind all definitions of Cultural Heritage is:

it is a human creation intended to inform (John Feather, 2006).
Tangible & Intangable Heritage
Having at one time referred exclusively to the monumental remains of cultures,
cultural heritage as a concept has gradually come to include new categories. Today,
we find that heritage is not only manifested through tangible forms such as
artefacts, buildings or landscapes but also through intangible forms. Intangible
heritage includes voices, values, traditions, oral history. Popularly this is perceived
through cuisine, clothing, forms of shelter, traditional skills and technologies,
religious ceremonies, performing arts, storytelling. Today, we consider the tangible
heritage inextricably bound up with the intangible heritage. In conservation projects
we aim to preserve both the tangible as well as the intangible heritage.

Heritage Cycle
The Heritage Cycle diagram gives us an idea how we can make the past part of our
future (Simon Thurley, 2005). In a clockwise direction the wedges and arrows read:

By understanding (cultural heritage)

o people value it
By valuing it
o people want to care for it
By caring for it
o it will help people enjoy it
From enjoying it
o comes a thirst to understand

References:
ICOMOS, International Cultural Tourism Charter. Principles And Guidelines For
Managing Tourism At Places Of Cultural And Heritage Significance. ICOMOS
International Cultural Tourism Committee. 2002.

John Feather, Managing the documentary heritage: issues fro the present and
future. In: (Gorman, G.E. and Sydney J. Shep [eds.]), Preservation management for
libraries, archives and museums. London: Facet. 2006, pp. 1-18.

Simon Thurley, Into the future. Our stategy for 2005-2010. In: Conservation
Bulletin [English Heritage], 2005 (49).
 LETTER OF REQUEST

February 3, 2017
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________

Sir/Madam

Greetings of Peace!
The undersigned are second year students at the University of San Agustin, Iloilo
City taking up Bachelor of Science in Architecture. In partial fulfilment of the
requirements of BSA (S.Y. 2016-2017) in research paper of Technical Writing (Eng
104) subject at University of San Agustin, we are currently conducting a research
entitled DEFINING AWARENESS OF STUDENTS TOWARDS THE CULTURAL HERITAGE
IN ILOILO CITY and we need your help to realize our objectives.
We are in the process of gathering data through survey that will be used in our
study. Regarding this issue, we would like to ask your permission to distribute our
survey questionnaires in the management people and members of your
organization that will help us obtain information we need in relation to our topic. We
rest assured that all information derived herein will be treated with utmost
confidentiality.
We would greatly appreciate your consent of our request.
Thank you for your time and positive action.
Respectfully Yours,
DE ASIS, Lynden Jie
GOMEZ, Shain
MARTINEZ, Romel Ryan
SABADO, Kristiana
SERILO, Nathalie
TAMANO, Angelie Beanz
TE, Jeri
TOGOTO, Mercury
YOUNG, Alfred

Noted: