Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Matlab/Simulink/Sim-Power-Systems
Model for a PWM AC-to-DC Converter
with Line Conditioning Capabilities
R. PAKU and R. MARSCHALKO
Abstract: Recent developments of the Matlab/Simulik simulation software offer large possibilities for power electronics engineers
with the new Sim-Power-Systems toolbox. This paper presents the modeling of a PWM ac-to-dc converter, in order to obtain a
toolbox for such types of converters. This toolbox will be used in further simulations to investigate the power line conditioning
capability of these converters. It will be presented in detail, step by step, the development of this toolbox and finally the new model
will be verified for the case of simple line-friendly operation mode.
Keywords: Matlab/Simulik/Sim-Power-Systems toolbox, PWM ac-to-dc converter, line conditioning with ac-to-dc converters.
Fig. 1. The block diagram of PWM ac-to-dc converter provided with active line conditioning capabilities.
Fig. 3. The Matlab/Simulik/SimPowerSystems model of the PWM ac-to-dc converter provided with active line conditioning capabilities.
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needs also a line transformer from 230 VRMS to 48VRMS. the input voltage. This new model is more close to the
The transformer is also a quasi-ideal having neglected real one as it measures the input instantaneous voltage
the self inductance and an infinite coupling inductance. and divides it with its computed magnitude to obtain a
The primary and secondary resistances are given in p.u. unity sine wave with phase and frequency equal to the
calculated with the following relations: phase and frequency of the ac line, Figure 5.
R
R( p.u.) =
Rbase
(6)
Un2 2302
Rbase = = = 211.6
Pn 250
The ac side line-inductor and the DC side
capacitor were calculated previously, [9] and are given
in the table below:
Fig. 5. The synchronization block.
Table 2. The AC side line inductor and the DC side capacitor.
DC side AC line side iductors AC line side From the measured sine wave, the synchronization
capacitor inductance iductors resistance
block computes the cosine of the signal, both sine and
1650F 1.76mH 0.3318
cosine signals being needed for the line conditioning
blocks and calculated with the following relations:
Figure 3 presents the Matlab/Simulik/Sim-Power-
Systems model of the PWM ac-to-dc converter u(t)
provided with active line conditioning capabilities. It sin( t) = U
(7)
can be noticed, besides the power electronics, the cos( t) = 1 sin 2 ( t)
electronic control block, which will be presented in
detail in the next section. According to the here proposed control strategy, a
so-called conditional signal, c, is needed to inform the
2.2. The control part converter about the actual state of the ac line. Based on
The model of the control block in Matlab/Simulik the information contained in this signal, the line
is presented in figure 4. Voltage and current conditioning block will decide in which of the simple,
measurement units make the conversion between the active capacitive or active inductive operation modes
Sim-Power-Systems model of the power electronics to, will operate the converter.
part and the Matlab/Simulik model of the control block. On the dc side, the dc voltage is measured and
In the followings, the control block of the filtered with the help of a band-pass filter, FOB [9].
converter will be described in detail, taking into Then it is compared with the reference voltage, Ud*,
account the modifications needed to interface this block which in this case is 100V. The result of this
with the SimPowerSystems part of the converter. comparison represents the input of a PI voltage
In the old model, the synchronization signals were controller which will output the active currents value
built-up with a separate sine wave generator, having the IA*. This current is limited to the nominal peak value of
amplitude equal to 1 and the phase same as the phase of
156 ACTA ELECTROTEHNICA
From the figure above it can also be noticed the ac It has been described in detail, step by step the
voltage source and the dc load calculated in such a way building-up of a combined Matlab Simulik and
to obtain half of the nominal load current (that is 1.2A) SimPowerSystems model of a toolbox for PWM ac-to-
at a dc voltage of 100V. dc converter provided with active line conditioning
capabilities. Simulations made in order to verify the
3. INVESTIGATION OF THE DESIGNED model have proven its operation and validity. However,
CONVERTER TOOLBOX only simple line conditioning (line friendly) operation
mode has been considered in this paper.
In this paper, only the examination in simple line This toolbox will be applied in future simulations,
conditioning (line-friendly) operation mode will be more complex ones, which will be made to investigate
presented. Therefore, the conditioning signal input will the performances of these types of converters when
be a constant 0. Because of the switching elements, the connected to a power distribution network model
traditional solvers like ode2 can not be used. Only stiff
solvers are applicable like ode23tb or ode15s. REFERENCES
In the followings, it will be presented and
discussed the simulation results for the line-friendly 1. Akagi, H., Watanabe E. H., Aredes, M.: Instantaneous power
theory and applications to power conditioning, John Wiley
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solver. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, Volume 32, Issue
Figure 9a presents the ac line current on the 6, Nov.-Dec. 1996 Page(s):1312 1322.
3. Akagi, H.: Active Harmonic Filters, Proceedings of the IEEE,
primary-side of the line transformer. Having a 250VA Volume 93, Issue 12, Dec. 2005 Page(s):2128 2141.
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Conference, Seminar 27, Nrnberg, 1999.
an rms current of 543.478mARMS. On the secondary 5. Marschalko, R., Weinhold, M.: Optimal Control and
side (figure 9b) we have a voltage of 48VRMS which Appropriate Pulse Width Modulation for a Three-Phase
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Control Methods for PWM AC-to-DC Converters Applied
100V), and then applied to the PI voltage controller. in Active Line - Conditioning, EPE-PEMC 2006, Proceedings
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Based on this active current, the synchronization PWM ac-to-dc converter applied in active line conditioning,
signals and the line conditioning signal, the AQTR 2008, 2008 IEEE International Conference on
conditioning unit will give the reference current (figure Automation, Quality and Testing, Robotics, Cluj Napoca,
9f). Romania, 2008.
9. Csatls, E.; Marschalko, R.: Investigation of a PWM Line-
From this reference current, the bi-level hysteresis
Friendly AC-to-DC Converter System with the
current controller will form the control signals which consideration of the Commutation, Acta Electrotechnica
will control the switches of the H-bridge. Napocensis, Vol. 43, Number 1, pp. 37 - 42, Ed. Mediamira, Cluj,
Because the converter works in simple line Romnia, 2002.
conditioning mode (line-friendly operation), as
expected, the power factor of the converter is unity Robert PAKU
Robert Bosch Hungary
(figure 9g). In other words, the converter acts like an H-1103 Budapest
active resistance from the point of view of the ac public Gymri u. 120
mains. Most of the converters nowadays present this Phone: +36-1-4347205
kind of operation mode. E-mail: pakuroby@yahoo.com
d
a.
e.
b.
f.
c.
g.
Fig. 9. Simulation results.
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