1-MOM-FSW2014 Key Note Address 17122014

Mars Orbiter Mission

Subramanya Udupa
Group Director, CEG,ISAC/ISRO
Email: udupa@isac.gov.in
FSW-2014
California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, USA
December 17, 2014
Mission Objectives
Mission objectives
Technological objectives:
Design and realisation of a Mars orbiter spacecraft with a capability to survive
and perform Earth bound manoeuvres, cruise phase, Mars orbit insertion and
capture, and on-orbit phase around Mars.
Deep space communication, navigation, mission planning and management.
Incorporate autonomous features to handle contingency situations
Scientific objectives:
Exploration of Mars surface features, morphology, mineralogy and Martian
atmosphere by indigenous scientific instruments.
December 17, 2014 Mars Orbiter Mission 2

Spacecraft On-orbit Configuration

Science Payloads
Lyman Alpha Photometer (LAP)

Measures the relative abundance of Mars Color Camera (MCC)
deuterium and hydrogen from Lyman- This tri-color camera gives images &
alpha emission in the Martian upper information about the surface features
atmosphere. allows us to understand and composition of Martian surface.
especially the loss process of water from Useful to monitor the dynamic events
the planet. and weather.
Methane Sensor for Mars (MSM) Mars Exospheric Neutral Composition Thermal Infrared Imaging Spectrometer
Analyser (MENCA) (TIS)
Measures thermal emission. Many
Designed to measure Methane (CH4) in
A quadruple mass spectrometer capable minerals and soil types have
the Martian atmosphere with PPB
of analysing the neutral composition in characteristic spectra in TIR region. TIS
accuracy and map its sources. Global data
the range of 1 to 300 amu with unit mass can map surface composition and
is collected during every orbit.
resolution. mineralogy of Mars.

Salient features of the Spacecraft
Features Specifications
Mass 1337 kg
Structures Aluminum and Composite Fiber Reinforced Plastic (CFRP) sandwich construction-
modified I-1 K Bus.
Mechanism Solar Panel Drive Mechanism (SPDM), Reflector & Solar panel deployment
Propulsion Bi propellant system (MMH + N2O4) with additional safety and redundancy features for
MOI. Propellant Loading : 852 kg
Thermal System Passive Thermal Control System with heat pipe for TWTA panels.
Power System Single Solar Array-1.8m X 1.4m; 3 panels - 840 W Generation (in Martian orbit),Battery:
36AH Li- ion.
Attitude and AOCE (Attitude and Orbit Control Electronics) with MAR31750 Processor.
Orbit Control Sensors: Star sensor (2Nos), Solar Panel Sun Sensor (SPSS)-1No, Coarse Analogue Sun
System Sensor (CASS)-9 Heads, and Inertial Reference Unit and Accelerometer Package (IRAP)
Actuators: Reaction Wheels (5Nms, 4Nos), Thrusters (22N-8Nos), 440N Liquid Engine
TTC Baseband Telemetry (TM) and Telecommand (TC): CCSDS Compatible

and RF System Baseband Data Handling (BDH) and Solid State Recorder (SSR) :16+16 Gb
Communication (RF) Systems:
S-Band for both TTC and Data
Antennae: Low Gain Antenna (LGA), Mid Gain Antenna (MGA) and High Gain Antenna
(HGA)

Key mission elements ( Structure)
Primary Structure : 1.5m X 1.53m X 1.56m Cuboid with the central thrust
cylinder made of CFRP.

Key mission elements ( Propulsion )
Propulsion System
Liquid Engine to be restarted after 10
months for Martian Orbit Insertion
(MOI) manoeuvre.
Assembling
To improve safety and redundancy propellant
additional hardware incorporated in
the configuration. tanks to
structure
Component heritage maintained from
INSAT/IRNSS/Chandrayaan-1
missions. 390 litres propellant tanks
accommodates a maximum of 852kg of
propellant.
A Liquid Engine of 440N thrust to be
used for orbit raising, Trans Mars Liquid
Injection (TMI) and Martian Orbit Engine Tests
Insertion (MOI). in progress
8 numbers of 22N thrusters for wheel
de - saturation and attitude control
during manoeuvres.

Key mission elements ( Power )
Power Systems
Reduction in Solar power generation by a factor of 1/3 at Martian orbit.
Very low temperature of solar panels during eclipse periods (-185oC).
Perihelion Aphelion Mean
Mars Earth Mars Earth Mars Earth
Direct solar (W/m2) 717 1414 493 1323 589 1367.5
The array designed for maximum performance at minimum solar flux

conditions at Mars ensuring minimum of 765 W.
Solar array wing assembly Battery

Solar Panel Primary Deployment Test

Solar Panel Secondary Deployment Test

Key mission elements ( Communication)
Communication system
Communication management in Earth bound phase, cruise phase, MOI and
Martian orbit phase.
The maximum range is 375 million Km ( Range of Mars after 6 months)
S-Band deep space frequencies for both TTC and Payload Data transfer
Two coherent transponders with two 230 W TWTAs and 2.2 meter diameter
reflector antenna to increase on board EIRP
Sensitive receiver with -135 dBm carrier acquisition threshold with
Sequential ranging compatibility (500 KHz ranging tone).
Integrated Doppler provision is provided .
Selectable data rates of 5/10/20/40 kbps (without turbo coding).

Key mission elements ( Communication)
Antenna Range and Margins

Antenna Beam Peak Gain Polarization TM Support TC Support (km)/
width (km)/margin (dB) margin (dB)
LGA 90 0dB LCP&RCP 1.4 million /2.4 dB 30 million /2 dB

MGA 40 7dB; RCP 40 million /2.4 dB 110 million /2.3 dB
3dB @ 40
HGA 2 31dB RCP 400 million /5.4 dB 400 million /10 dB
Satellite Recovery is with MGA with 70 m ground antenna.

High Antenna Gain (HGA) caters to the communication requirement for full
mission. Range up to 400 million Km with 32 m ground antenna.

HGA 2.2m CFRP Reflector
deployment tests

EMI/EMC Tests

Key mission elements ( Sensors)
Sensors
Star sensors: provide the inertial attitude
knowledge through identification of star
patterns in all phases of mission. Ensures
satellite pointing accuracy of +/- 0.05 deg
each axis.
Coarse Analogue Sun Sensor (CASS) and

Solar Panel Sun Sensor (SPSS) are other
sensors providing attitude reference for sun
pointing.
Due to the reduction in the solar irradiance
in the Martian orbit there is a large variation Two star sensors integrated to
in the input signals for which the pre anti sun side of spacecraft
amplifier gain and sun presence threshold
values were optimized.

Key mission elements ( Inertial systems)
Accelerometers : For
measuring the precise
incremental velocity (V) and
for precise burn termination
Gyros : For measuring rotation

in an inertial reference frame
Inertial Referencing
(gyros)and Accelerometer
package under Hardware In-
loop Simulation

Key mission elements ( Reaction wheels)
Reaction wheels: angular Momentum devices meant for controlling the

orientation of the spacecraft with each wheel capable of storing 6.5NMs
momentum at 4550 rpm and generate a maximum torque of 0.05Nm.

Key mission elements ( AOCS)
Initial Acquisition
Sun Acquisition
Earth Acquisition
Inertial Attitude Hold
On Orbit Mode ( Normal Modes)
Orbit Maneuver operations
LEB operations
Momentum Dumping
Recovery from Attitude Loss
Attitude Profile Generation
Maneuvers for Imaging
Imaging Attitude Reference generation and Control
Orbit Computation for current and Future
Requirements
Solar Panel Tracking
Automatic Sequencers and Safety Logics

Key mission elements( Radiation)
Radiation Environment:
Designed for interplanetary missions, capable of operating in Earth Burn
Manoeuvres (EBN) for the Van Allen belt crossings , Mars Transfer
Trajectory (MTT) and Martian Orbit (MO) environments.
Components are selected with respect to a accumulated dose of 9 krads for
packages inside the cuboid and 15krads for outside mounted packages. Bus
Components are latch up immune with a Minimum threshold value LET:
For Single Event Upset (SEU) LET > 40 Mev.cm.mg-1
For Single Event Latch ups (SEL) LET > 80 Mev.cm.mg-1

Key mission elements ( Thermal)
Thermal Environment:
The spacecraft needs to cope with a wide range of thermal environment, from
Near Earth conditions with Sun and Earth contributions (hot case) to Mars
conditions where reduced solar flux and longer eclipses give rise to cold case.
The average solar flux at Mars orbit is 589 W/m2, or about 42% of what is
experienced by an Earth-orbiting spacecraft.
As a result of the eccentricity of Mars's orbit, however, the solar flux at Mars
varies by +/- 19% over the Martian year, which is considerably more than the
3.5% variation at Earth.
Albedo fractions are similar to Earth's, being around 0.25 to 0.28 (average).

Loading to Large Space Simulation
Chamber for Thermovac test

MOM Spacecraft under
Thermal Balance Test

Spacecraft Autonomy
Maximum Earth to Mars Round-trip Light Time (RLT) 42 minutes during the
mission. Impractical to Micromanage the mission from Earth with ground
intervention.
On-board autonomy is implemented thro autonomous Fault Detection,
Isolation and Reconfiguration (FDIR) logics and executed by AOCE and TMTC
packages.
Continuous Watch, Fault Detection, Isolation and Reconfiguration without
disturbing the Earth Pointing attitude
Essential during Communication Interruptions during eclipse, whiteouts,
blackouts.
Safeguard the spacecraft during MOI, TWTA duty cycling and sun pointing safe
mode.
The mission requirements resulted in
development of 22 new software modules,
modification of 42 modules and usage of 19
existing modules. These modules were extensively
tested using simulation and flight hardware in
OILS and HILS tests
Autonomy : Definition
MOM Autonomy
Definition
o To Monitor health of AOCS systems continuously & take corrective
actions to avoid Attitude loss
o Ensure Power Generation & communication towards Earth and
survive without ground intervention incase of any AOCS system
anomalies
Objective
o S/C should recover from failures automatically without ground
intervention by using all available resources and achieve Earth
pointing
o Onboard Autonomy has two major components:
o Failure Detection Isolation & Reconfiguration (FDIR) and
o Master Recovery Sequencer (MRS)

Levels of Autonomy
Level A Autonomy
o Fault Detection and Isolation(FDI) logic: WDT Based
o Long Pulse Detection(LPD) logic: Thruster Driver stuck high
failure detection and Isolation
o EDAC and Memory Scrubbing
o Mil 1553B Bus Change over Logic
o Remote Programming
o AOCE Reset Handling
o E2PROM Management
Level B Autonomy
o Fault Detection, Isolation and Reconfiguration (FDIR)

Levels of Autonomy
Level C Autonomy
o Power Safety Logic
o AOCS Safe Mode
o Master Recovery Sequencer (MRS): To handle more than one
failure and recovery & Safe Mode recovery
Level D Autonomy
o Sequencers
Launch phase sequencer
LEB Sequencer
Thruster Augmentation Logic
LEB termination logic
Payload operation Sequencer
o Other Logics
SS occultation handling
Over speed protection logic
Reference check logic
MRS Context Diagram
Master Recovery Sequencer

Spacecraft Autonomy Realization
Communication System Power Electronics Actuators Sensors
2 Transmitters Li-Ion Battery ( Voltage Levels 4 Reaction Wheels 3 Dynamically Tuned Gyros
Check )
2 Receivers 8 22N Attitude Control 2 Star Sensors
Thermal System Thrusters
2 TWTA 4 Accelerometers
Heaters Temperatures 2 SPDM Motor Coils
3 Antennas ( Low Gain ,
Medium Gain , High Gain) ( PATC)
Direct 1553
Telemetry
Telemetry Interface Packets
Interface
Interface Transfer
TC Interface
TC Interface
Events Commands Execution for
Events Commands
Isolation and Reconfiguration
Execution for Isolation
TC Interface TC Interface
and Reconfiguration
AOCE Processor ( AOCE-1 and AOCE-2)

1553 Interface
Tele command Processor ( TCP-1 and TCP-2)
1. Health and Performance Analysis
Events Flag Interface
1. Isolation and Reconfiguration Commands 2. Fault Detection
Execution on the reception of Events Flag ( 64) 3. Isolation and Reconfiguration Through Events
from AOCE. TC Interface
Raising
2. Health Check Using Telemetry and Isolation 4. Internal Reconfiguration
and Reconfiguration using EBCs (40) 16 TM Words ( Battery 5. Battery Voltage and Current Check
Voltage , Current etc) 6. Safe Mode Detection and Normalization(thru
3. Auto Thermal Control ( PATC)
Events Flag)
Flight SW major highlights
Developed using ADA for a Mil-Std-1750 processor.

Sensor processing and Actuator control.
Autonomy
Onboard orbit models for Heliocentric and Martian Phases
Onboard attitude steering for all Mission phases including LEBs
Model based as well as coefficients based
Ground Orbit determination system considering range, doppler
and DDOR measurements for various phases of the Mission
Precise Measurement Modeling
Ground Orbit computation using accelerometer data for Earth
Burns and MOI
S/W Development process
Module Design
Req Gen 1 Req Review 1 Module Dev 1
Design 1 Review 1
Module Design
Req Gen 2 Req Review 2 Module Dev 2
Design 2 Review 2
Module Design
Req Gen 3 Req review 3 Module Dev 3
Design 3 Review 3
Module Test 3
H/W level Package Integrate Module Test 2

Q A Clearance
test
Module Test 1

Spacecraft in Launch Configuration

Spacecraft at Launch pad

Launch Vehicle
A high performance variant of the four-stage

Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle(PSLV-XL)
developed primarily for launching remote
sensing satellites of 1700kg class in Sun-
Synchronous Polar Orbit.
3.5 meter diameter and 44 meters tall .
Lift-off mass of 320 ton.
The first and third stages use solid motors.
The second stage employs turbo pump fed bi-
propellant VIKAS engine.
Fourth stage employs pressure fed high
performance bipropellant liquid engines.
Long coasting of vehicle carried out before the
separation of satellite to get the required
Argument of Perigee, one of the critical orbital
elements for mission to Mars.

Launch
Launched on November 05, 2013 by ISROs work-horse rocket PSLV in its

extended form PSLV-XL designated as PSLV-C25 Mission.
The launch day was selected for its minimum energy transfer opportunity to
Mars, which occurs once in 26 months.
The launch put the MOM spacecraft in 248 X 23,550 km elliptical orbit.

Mission Profile
Six Liquid Engine Burns take the
spacecraft gradually into a
departure hyperbolic trajectory.
S/C escapes from the Earths
Sphere Of Influence (SOI) with
Earths orbital velocity + V boost.
o Spacecraft leaves Earth in a
direction tangential to Earths
orbit around sun. Encounters Mars
tangentially to its orbit around
sun. The flight path is roughly one
half of an ellipse around sun.
o The spacecraft arrives at Mars
SOI in a hyperbolic trajectory.
When the spacecraft reaches Mars
Periapsis, it is captured into the 24-09-2014
planned orbit around Mars by
imparting V retro.
2.5 km/s= 1.5km/s +1.0km/s

Earth Bound Manoeuvres and Escape
Geocentric Phase
In total, there were about 6 Earth Bound Maneuvers carried out, spread
over 19 orbits. These Earth Bound Maneuvers were meant to increase the
spacecraft velocity at perigee (nearest orbital point to the earth).
Apogee Achieved
Maneuver Perigee No. Maneuver start time (U T)
(km)
Launch 1 2013 11 05 09 52 43 23550

EBN#1 6 2013 11 06 19 47 28 28826
EBN#2 9 2013 11 07 20 48 52 40183
EBN#3 11 2013 11 08 20 40 43 71623
EBN#4 13 2013 11 10 20 37 52 78708
EBN#4A 14 2013 11 11 23 33 50 118632
EBN#5 16 2013 11 15 19 57 17 192918
Trans Mars
20 2013 11 30 19 19 24 Hyperbolic
Injection (TMI)

Trans Mars Injection
and Heliocentric Phase
Trans Mars Injection (TMI)

MOM Spacecraft was put on the way to Mars
by performing TMI on 4th December 2013.
Heliocentric Phase
After TMI the spacecraft entered into an elliptical
heliocentric orbit (Hohmann Transfer Orbit)
designed to intersect Mars orbit around sun.
Trajectory Correction Maneuvers (TCM)

MOM was subjected to two TCMs to correct the effects of small forces , AMDs
and the errors in navigation solution propogation during the heliocentric phase
on 11th December 2013 and 11th June 2014 by imparting a total Velocity of
9.33m/s.
TCM No. Maneuver start time (U T) Burn Duration (s) V Imparted (m/s)
1 2013 12 11 00 59 40 40.3 7.74

2 2014 06 11 11 00 00 15.9 1.59

Ground Segment
(MOM Operations Complex)

MOM:MOI Operation
Pre-MOI Command Uplink and operation execution plan

T0- 1 day
T0-10 days T0-9 days T0- 3 days
T0- 2 days
Nominal
T0- 5 days Acc Bias
Uplinks Nominal
Range 50
Conditional
mg to 1
Operation HTR Limits
TCP
Cmds
mg Operation Update-
/ Re- Reducing
Uplink/ finement Htr Load
LEB HTR- SS#1/D TCM#4- Update MOI
of MOI
Cmds SRAM TG#3 EED Coil-1 Test Coil-2 Test AOCS Plan A or
Parameter
Uplink TEST ON Operation Engines Plan B
s
10 UT/IDSN-CAN
11 UT/IDSN-CAN
6UT-16UT/IDSN
6UT-16UT/IDSN
6UT-16UT/IDSN
6UT-16UT/IDSN
8UT/IDSN-CAN
9UT/IDSN-CAN
2 UT-3UT UT/GDS
13 UT/IDSN
22nd Sep,
22nd Sep,
22nd Sep,
22nd Sep,
22nd Sep,
15th Sep,
14th Sep,
19th Sep,
21st Sep,
23rd Sep,
MOM:MOI Operation
Time Line of Events

GDS GDS + CAN
Thr Dump TM OFF TM ON TM OFF TM ON-HGA
Disable,LEB INIT 23 min
-2.5 hrs ~24.23 min HK-RT(MGA)+
~ 6 min Doppler
Acc Bias Init : ~ 17 min
5 min
-3 hrs -1.3 hrs
~3.5 min
-21 min
~4.75 min
-4.5 hrs ~ 10 min
-4 hrs
TFMS TES TBS TOS TBM TEE TBE TRMS TOE
TRME
Earth Pointing to Thrust Back to
vector Earth pointing
pointing MGA Support with 70 mt antenna
TFMS : Forward Maneuver Start
Window Out Time : 46 mins
Nadir Qs Update : RB=-20 deg
TES : Eclipse Start ,@ TBS 5.2 min

Safe Mode Disable
TBS :Burn Start ( 55% Thrust Underperformance

TOS : Occult Start ,@ TBS + 4.3 min
TBM : Burn Mid
TEE : Eclipse End ,@TBE 4.75 min
TBE : Burn End
TRMS : Rev Man Starts @ TBE +1 min
TOE : Occult End , @TBE + 3.5 min
TRME : Reverse Maneuver End
MGA 250 bps Events are referred wrt T0: Burn Start Time HGA 1 kbps
MOM Success: How it happened
Quick & Firm Decisions

Finalization of the S/C configuration :
Chandrayaan-2 : AOCE, TM, TC, Power, Inertial systems
- H/W diversion Vs Procurement Vs New
Midcourse Corrections
Fixed Solar panel to Rotating panel
S- Band alone & Modification of Existing TWTAs
RX TC cross strap removal
DDOR package inclusion.
Standing review committees for Autonomy
requirements, test case reviews and test result
reviews.

No compromise on Tests and Development

processes
Independent V&V team
Budget , Schedule & Logistic Management : Pre
& Post Launch
Standing Spacecraft Authorization Board(SSAB):
Review of all mission operations, simulation
results and guided the mission team to carry out
flawless operations
Management Support

A symbol of Team Effort

Launch Vehicle
Satellite
Main Frame
Payloads
Integration and Testing
Ground System
Mission Plan & Ops
Science Team

Reduction in Project cost
ISRO designs, develops , tests and integrates S/C

No 3rd party in manufacturing
Industry role is limited
Manpower cost is less
Procurement cycle and project cycle are de-linked
Project execution time is less
Test as you develop
Utilization of pre used modules >75%

Anxious moments
Delivery of all systems to flight Deck on time.

Spacecraft level thermal balance test.
Precision launch by PSLV (polar Satellite Launch
Vehicle).
LEB operations and fuel conservation.
Trans Mars Injection.
Performance of LAM after long duration
Getting into the mars orbit
First image of mars by MOM

Image of Mars by MOM

Image of Mars by MOM

Mars viewed by MOM

Mars viewed by MOM

Full disc of mars by MOM in three colours

Deimos in the orbit viewed by MOM

Phobos in the orbit viewed by MOM

The Firsts to MOMs credit!
Unique launch vehicle trajectory and mission concept.

First interplanetary mission by India.
First Indian spacecraft to escape the Sphere Of Influence of
Earth and orbit Sun.
First mars mission in the world to succeed in TMI in first
attempt.
First time two spacecraft from different agencies(ISRO and
NASA) reaching Mars almost simultaneously .
Most economical interplanetary mission in the world: Realized
with a budget of INR 450Cr(USD 75 m), including launch
Vehicle, Spacecraft and Ground Segment.

The Firsts to MOMs credit!
Shortest Project Schedule-Realized in a schedule of 15 Months-

from conceptualization to launch (space, launch & ground
segments);
Youngest team accomplished the project in shortest time.
First Indian spacecraft to successfully survive Van Allen belt
crossing 39 times.
First Indian spacecraft to incorporate full scale on-board
autonomy.
First mission to mars with spacecraft not encountering lost in
space conditions
First to use Ship Borne Terminals to track the launch vehicle by
ISRO.
First ISRO project to go online (face book/twitter) enhancing
outreach!
Way forward
Pre-MOM Post MOM : Proposed

Project Specific systems - Max Standardised Systems - Max
In-house Systems - more Vendors Systems - more
Project Based Procurement - more Programmatic Procurement - more
Project Specific ILDs, Panels, Harness Standard ILDs, Panels, Harness
Made to order - Project Specific Bus system Off the self Bus systems
Made to order - S/C Off the self S/C

Meetings - more Meetings - Min
Individual data basses : Project & Phase Common data base : Bus & Phases
Test Beds : OILS and HILS OILS augmented with other systems like S/C
simulator/Command and TM system and
HILS
Project Driving R&D Production Driving Projects and
Technology Driving R&D

Acknowledgement
Acknowledgement to all MOM team members who contributed in

preparing this material
Sincere thanks to Mr. Arunan S, PD,MOM and Project team supported in
preparation and Dr. Annnaduri M, PRD, IRS&SSS, who gave valuable
guidance throughout.
I thank Shri. Vasantha E, DD, CDA for his valuable guidance and
suggestions in preparing this material.
I thank Dr. Shivakumar S K, Director, ISAC and Dr. K. Radhakrishnan,
Chairman ISRO for providing opportunity to attend this Work Shop.
I thank Dr. Alan D. Unell, Chaiman,FSW-2014 and Mr. Harmalkar
Subodh, for inviting and giving the great opportunity to participate in
this workshop
I thank all the distinguished delegates and domain experts who made
me feel great by presenting about MOM
THANK YOU ALL
Follow us
/isromom
/isroofficial
/isro

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Mars Orbiter Mission

Mars Orbiter Mission

December 17, 2014 Mars Orbiter Mission 2

December 17, 2014 Mars Orbiter Mission 3

Lyman Alpha Photometer (LAP)

December 17, 2014 Mars Orbiter Mission 4

TTC Baseband Telemetry (TM) and Telecommand (TC): CCSDS Compatible

December 17, 2014 Mars Orbiter Mission 5

December 17, 2014 Mars Orbiter Mission 6

December 17, 2014 Mars Orbiter Mission 7

Mars Earth Mars Earth Mars Earth

Direct solar (W/m2) 717 1414 493 1323 589 1367.5

The array designed for maximum performance at minimum solar flux

Solar array wing assembly Battery

December 17, 2014 Mars Orbiter Mission 9

December 17, 2014 Mars Orbiter Mission 10

December 17, 2014 Mars Orbiter Mission 11

Antenna Range and Margins

LGA 90 0dB LCP&RCP 1.4 million /2.4 dB 30 million /2 dB

Satellite Recovery is with MGA with 70 m ground antenna.

December 17, 2014 Mars Orbiter Mission 12

December 17, 2014 Mars Orbiter Mission 13

December 17, 2014 Mars Orbiter Mission 14

Coarse Analogue Sun Sensor (CASS) and

December 17, 2014 Mars Orbiter Mission 15

Gyros : For measuring rotation

December 17, 2014 Mars Orbiter Mission 16

Reaction wheels: angular Momentum devices meant for controlling the

December 17, 2014 Mars Orbiter Mission 17

December 17, 2014 Mars Orbiter Mission 18

December 17, 2014 Mars Orbiter Mission 19

December 17, 2014 Mars Orbiter Mission 20

December 17, 2014 Mars Orbiter Mission 21

December 17, 2014 Mars Orbiter Mission 22

December 17, 2014 Mars Orbiter Mission 24

December 17, 2014 Mars Orbiter Mission 25

Master Recovery Sequencer

December 17, 2014 Mars Orbiter Mission 27

AOCE Processor ( AOCE-1 and AOCE-2)

Developed using ADA for a Mil-Std-1750 processor.

H/W level Package Integrate Module Test 2

December 17, 2014 Mars Orbiter Mission 30

December 17, 2014 Mars Orbiter Mission 31

December 17, 2014 Mars Orbiter Mission 32

A high performance variant of the four-stage

December 17, 2014 Mars Orbiter Mission 33

Launched on November 05, 2013 by ISROs work-horse rocket PSLV in its

December 17, 2014 Mars Orbiter Mission 34

2.5 km/s= 1.5km/s +1.0km/s

December 17, 2014 Mars Orbiter Mission 35

Launch 1 2013 11 05 09 52 43 23550

December 17, 2014 Mars Orbiter Mission 36

Trans Mars Injection (TMI)

Trajectory Correction Maneuvers (TCM)

1 2013 12 11 00 59 40 40.3 7.74

December 17, 2014 Mars Orbiter Mission 37

December 17, 2014 Mars Orbiter Mission 38

Pre-MOI Command Uplink and operation execution plan

Time Line of Events

TES : Eclipse Start ,@ TBS 5.2 min

TBS :Burn Start ( 55% Thrust Underperformance

Quick & Firm Decisions

December 17, 2014 Mars Orbiter Mission 41

No compromise on Tests and Development