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The purpose is to observe the direction of the water movement in and out when both
jellies and potatoes are hypertonic or hypotonic due to the more or less concentration of solute
in the solution comparing to the surrounding solutions which are distilled water and
concentrated salt water.
Hypotheses:
1. If the jelly is soaked in distilled water, then the size of the candy will increase.
2. If the jelly is soaked in concentrated salt water, then the size of the candy will decrease.
3. If the potato is soaked in distilled water, then the size of the potato will increase.
4. If the potato is soaked in concentrated salt water, then the size of the potato will decrease.
Materials:
Data Table A: The volume and mass of 2 jellies before and after being soaked in distilled
water and salt water.
Data Table B: The volume and mass of 2 pieces of potato before and after being soaked in
distilled water and salt water.
Data Table C: Descriptive Observations of 2 jellies before and after being soaked in
distilled water and salt water.
Data Table D: Descriptive Observations of 2 pieces of potato before and after being soaked
in distilled water and salt water.
Data Table E: The Percent Change in volume and mass of 2 jellies after being soaked in
distilled water and salt water.
Bar Graph: The Percent Change in volume and mass of 2 pieces of potato and 2 jellies after
being soaked in distilled water and salt water.
Analysing Result:
1. What happened to the jellies after being soaked in distilled water and salt water for an
hour? Why? Be descriptive and detailed in your answer. Use your knowledge of
membrane transport.
According to the experiment, the jelly after being soaked in distilled water swelled
up and got bigger with more transparent color. The volume of the jelly in distilled water
had increased 166.67% and the percentage of increased mass was 57.1 which was
obvious that the cell had gotten bigger in size. This happened due to the higher
concentration of solutes in the jelly, which was considered hypertonic, comparing to the
distilled water which was considered hypotonic by letting the water from distilled water
to transport into the jelly. The osmosis has occurred in this experiment. The more
transparent of the water might indicate that there has been more water moving inside the
jelly which dissolved with the internal solute becoming less solute-concentrated.
According to the experiment, the jelly after being soaked in concentrated salt
water seemed to shrink. The volume of the cell had gotten 20.00% lower and also the
mass which went 30.15% down. As we can see that the cell had gotten smaller, this
happened due to the lower concentration of water of the concentrated salt water
surrounding the jelly comparing to the jellys. That forced the water to move out of the
jelly which in this case, jelly was hypotonic, and concentrated salt water was hypertonic
instead.
2. What happened to the potato after being soaked in distilled water and salt water for an
hour? Be descriptive and detailed in your answer. Use your knowledge of membrane
transport.
According to the experiment, the potato which had been floating in the distilled
water for an hour, seemed to swell a little and gotten bigger, the volume of the potato
increased 21.43%, and the mass of the potato increased 16.60%. Besides that, nothing
seemed to change much due to the amount of time taken. This happened due to the lower
concentration of solute outside of the potato which in this case, refers to the distilled
water, comparing to the potato which had more concentration of solute. The water
transported from the outside into the potato because it is hypertonic, and the distilled
water was hypotonic according to the osmosis that water runs from high to lower
concentration of water.
According to the experiment, the potato that was soaked in the concentrated salt
water seemed to shrink a bit and had gotten smaller. The volume of the potato had
decreased 21.43% of the initial volume measured, and the mass after soaking had also
decreased 17.67%. Due to the lower concentration of water outside the potato which in
this case, refers to the concentrated salt water, the potato had definitely gotten more
water inside. The osmosis then occurred due to the difference of the water concentration
which let the water run from high concentration of water to the lower concentration. The
potato was hypotonic, and the concentrated salt water was hypertonic.
Conclusion:
According to osmosis, when a hypertonic substance stays in a hypotonic solution,
the substance will swell due to the substances water gaining. When a hypotonic substance stays
in a hypertonic solution, the substance will shrink due to water loss of the substance.
Worklog:
Passive transport and active transport across a cell membrane article. (n.d.). Retrieved
from
https://www.khanacademy.org/test-prep/mcat/cells/transport-across-a-cell-membrane/a/p
assive-transport-and-active-transport-across-a-cell-membrane-article
Osmosis and tonicity. (n.d.). Retrieved from
https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/membranes-and-transport/diffusion-and-o
smosis/a/osmosis
Khan Academy, (2017). Diffusion and passive transport. Retrieved from
https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/membranes-and-transport/passive-transpo
rt/a/diffusion-and-passive-transport