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i n t r o d u c t i o n FA R S I
eyn huge number of words from Arabic entered Farsis vocabulary. By the 9th century Mod-
gheyn ern Persian was emerging, and the Pahlavi script was replaced by Perso-Arabic script,
fe based on the Arabic alphabet but with the addition of four letters to represent Farsi
ghaaf sounds that didnt occur in Arabic. Interestingly, Perso-Arabic script later served as the
kaaf basis for Urdus writing system. Farsis influence on Hindi, Urdu and Bengali was huge,
alphabet
gaaf as it was the official language of the Islamic Mughal Empire in northern India from the
laam 16th century until the establishment of the British Raj in the mid-19th century.
meem For arguably the best examples of Farsis elegance, check out the mystical re-
noon ligious writings of Sufism and its rich stock of poetry by renowned authors like Rumi,
ve Sadi and Hafiz. The contact between Farsi and English over the centuries is reflected
he in a vast number of Farsi loanwords from arsenic to bezoar, from algorithm and
n ye chess to magic and serendipity, from baksheesh and bazaar to cheque and kiosk, from
sandal to shawl, and from satrap to paradise a testament to the vitality of Persian
culture through history.
144 145
pronunciation symbol
english
equivalent farsi example transliteration
b bed boz
vowel sounds ch cheat choob
d dog dast
The vowel system in Farsi is fairly simple as it consists of only six vowels. Interestingly,
all vowel sounds are represented by one letter alef. In most cases you can only tell f fun feel
how to pronounce a vowel sound by its context. You dont need to worry about this g go gaav
though, as the correct pronunciation of each word or phrase is always given in our
coloured pronunciation guides, next to the Arabic script throughout this chapter. a guttural sound,
gh like the Parisian ghalb
French r
english
symbol equivalent farsi example transliteration h hat havaa
a act asb j jar jo
aa father maah k kit q kare
e bet se kh as the ch in the
khar
Scottish loch
ee see seeb
l lot lab
o tone gol
m man mard
oo zoo toop
n not naan
p pet pool
rang
pr o n un c iatio n FARSI
r run (rolled)
pr o n un c iatio n
s sun sar
word stress sh shot sheer
Stress in Farsi is generally placed on the last syllable of a word except for proper t top to
names, in which it falls on the first syllable (eg ahmad). Youll be fine if you
v very meeve
follow our coloured pronunciation guides, in which the stressed syllable is always
in italics. y yes yaa
z zero zabaan
consonant sounds zh pleasure zhele
Most consonant sounds in Farsi are pronounced just like in English. You might need glottal stop (like
some practice with the gh and the kh both are guttural sounds, pronounced at the the pause in the sham
back of the mouth. The glottal stop (marked in our pronunciation guides with an middle of uh-oh)
apostrophe) is pronounced in the throat, ie as a break in the flow of speech. Note also
that if a consonant is written twice, it should be pronounced twice.
146 147
language difficulties time & dates
Do you speak English? What time is it? saaat chande
shomaa eengeeleesee harf meezaneed Its one oclock. . x saaat yek hast
Do you understand? Its (two) oclock. . )( saaat (do) hast
meefahmeed Quarter past (two). .)( (do) vo rob
I understand. Half past (two). .)( (do) vo neem
. meefahmam Quarter to (two). .( )x yek rob be (do)
I dont understand. At what time ? che saaatee
. man nemeefahmam At dar
Could you please speak more slowly? am sobh
lotfan yavaashtar harf bezaneed pm bad az zohr
Could you lotfan Monday do shanbe
please ? meetavaaneed Tuesday se shanbe
repeat that v aan raa tekraar
Wednesday chaahaar shanbe
v bekoneed
write it down aan raa beneveeseed Thursday panj shanbe
Friday jome
Saturday shanbe
x
lan guage diffic ulties
tr an s po r t FARSI
transport
Where can I buy a ticket?
q man az kojaa meetoonam Where does the flight (to Shiraz) arrive/depart?
beleet bekharam / q )( parvaaze (sheeraaz) be kojaa meeyaayad/
q q q az kojaa harekat meekonad
Do I need to book a seat?
q q laazem hast ke jaa rezerv konam Is this the n een baraaye
to (Rasht)? )( (rasht) hast
One ticket x yek beleet boat q keshtee
(to Shiraz), please. .) ( (be sheeraaz) lotfan bus ootooboos
one-way x yek sare plane havaapeymaa
return do sare train ghataar
150 151
What times ootooboose with baa
the bus? q key hast a driver raanande
first avval air conditioning tahveeyeye matboo
last aakhar How much for q keraayeye
next n badee hire? cheghadr meeshe
How long will it be delayed? daily roozaane
oon cheghadr takheer daare
weekly haftegee
What station/stop is this? I need a mechanic.
q een koodoom eestgaah hast . xv x man yek mekaaneek laazem daaram
Please tell me when we get to (Sari). Ive run out of petrol.
(n ) lotfan vaghtee be (saaree) . q man benzeen tamoom kardam
. meereseem be man begooyeen I have a flat tyre.
. charkham panchar shode
Is this seat available?
een jaa khaalee hast
Thats my seat.
. n oon jaaye man hast
Id like a taxi q x man yek taaksee
. baraaye meekhaam directions
at (9am) () (nohe sobh)
now alaan Wheres the ? q kojaast
tomorrow fardaa bank x baank
market baazaar
How much is it to ? post office edaareye post
n baraaye cheghadr meeshe
Is this the road to (Enghelab)?
Please take me to (this address). )(
d i re c t i o n s FA R S I
een raah be (enghelaab) meere
. ) ( lotfan man ro (be een aadres) bebar
tr an s po r t
ac c o m m o datio n FARSI
garm Hot n ( ) meetoonam (patoo) ye deege begeeram
ac c o m m o datio n
s h o ppin g FARSI
food ghazaa Do you have any others?
transport hamlonaghl cheeze deege ham daareen
How long is the tour? Does it have a guarantee?
q toor cheghadr tool meekeshe oon gaaraantee daare
Can I have it sent overseas?
What time should we be back?
maa che saaatee baayad bargardeem
meetooneen un ro be khaarej
beferesteen
Whats that?
Can I have my repaired?
oon cheeyee
q meetooneen am ro tameer koneen
Can I take a photo? Its faulty.
v meetoonam aks begeeram . oon kharaabe
158 159
I d like a bag, please.
. q x lotfan man yek keese meekhaam photography
I d like a refund.
man meekhaam poolam Can you ? meetooneen
. ro pas begeeram burn a CD from q az karte haafezeye
my memory x man yek seedee
I d like to return this. card n bezaneen
. man meekhaam een ro pas bedam develop this film een feelm ro
How much is it? q zaaher koneen
oon cheghadr hast load my film feelmam ro jaa
Can you write down the price? beeyandaazeen
meetooneen gheymat ro beneveeseen I need a film x man yek feelme
Thats too expensive. for this camera. n baraaye een doorbeen
. oon kheylee geroon hast . meekhaam
Whats your lowest price? B&W seeyaahosefeed
paayeentareen gheymatetoon chande colour rangee
Ill give you (1000 toman).
slide eslaayd
(200) speed ( ) baa sorate (deveest)
( ) man be shomaa (dah hezaar toman)
. meedam When will it be q oon key haazer meeshe
Theres a mistake in the bill. ready?
. dar soorathesaab eshtebaah shode
Do you accept ? shomaa ghabool
q meekoneen
credit cards n q karte etebaaree
travellers cheques x
ph o to gr aph y FARSI
cheke mosaaferatee
Id like , lotfan man making conversation
please. . meekhaam
.
s h o ppin g
eatin g o ut FARSI
Australia ostaaraaleeyaa section n seegaaree
Canada q kaanaadaa breakfast sobhaane
New Zealand neeyoozeeland lunch naahaar
the UK eengeelees dinner shaam
the USA v aamreekaa
What would you recommend?
Whats your shoghletoon cheeye q shomaa chee peeshnahaad meekoneen
occupation?
Whats the local speciality?
Im a/an . man hastam n ghazaaye makhsoose
businessperson taajer mahallee cheeye
office worker q kaarmand Whats that?
tradesperson q kaaseb oon cheeye
162 163
Id like (the) lotfan man Could you prepare x meetooneen yek
, please. . ro meekhaam a meal without ? n ghazaaye bedoone
bill soorat hesaab q dorost koneen
drink list leeste noosheedanee butter q kare
menu menoo eggs tokhmemorgh
that dish oon ghazaa meat stock aabgoosht
Im allergic to man be
drinks . hassaaseeyat daaram
dairy produce labaneeyaat
(cup of) coffee ( x) (yek fenjoon) ghahve gluten geloten
(cup of) tea n ( x) (yek fenjoon) chaayee nuts aajeel
with milk baa sheer seafood n ghazaaye daryaayee
without sugar v bedoone shekar
(orange) juice ( ) aabe (porteghaal)
soft drink nooshaabe
water aabe
boiled joosh
mineral madanee emergencies
Ill have
. man meekhoram Help! !xq komak
Ill buy you a drink. Stop! ! eest
x n man baraaye shomaa yek Go away! !q boro kenaar
. noosheedanee meekharam Thief! ! dozd
Fire! ! aateesh
h ealth FARSI
health
h ealth
Im allergic to man be
. hassaaseeyat daaram
Wheres the v nazdeektareen antibiotics x aanteebeeyooteek
nearest ? q kojaast anti- zedde eltehaab
dentist x dandaan pezeshk inflammatories
doctor q doktor aspirin aaspereen
hospital beemaarestaan bees zanboor
(night) pharmacist daarookhaaneye codeine q kodeeen
() (shabaane) penicillin peneeseeleen
166 167
coins sekke English (language) 4 eengeeleesee
englishfarsi dictionary cold D sard entrance vooroodee
come aamadan evening shab
computer 5 kaampeeyooter exchange rate nerkhe arz
Words in this dictionary are marked as Q (noun), D (adjective), Y (verb), VJ (singular) and SO (plural) condom 5 kaandom exit Q khoorooj
where necessary. contact lenses 5 kaantaakt lenz expensive geraan
cook Y pokhtan express mail 5 poste eksperes
cost Q kharj dashtan eye cheshm
black seeyaah credit card 5 karte etebaaree
A blanket patoo cup fenjaan
F
A accident tasaadof
accommodation maskan
blood group 4 gooroohe khoonee
blue 4 aabee
currency exchange tabdeele arz
customs (immigration) T gomrok far door
D
adaptor aadaaptor boat 45 keshtee Farsi 4 faarsee
book (make a reservation) Y 5
address Q aadres
Afghanistan afghaanestaan rezerv kardan
bottle botree
D fast tond
father pedar
after bad dangerous T khatarnaak lm (camera) feelm
air-conditioned bottle opener 5 dar baaz kon date (time) Q taareekh nger angosht
daaraaye tahveeyeye matboo boy pesar day rooz rst-aid kit 95
airplane havaapeymaa brakes (car) tormoz delay Q takheer jabeye komakhaaye avvaleeye
airport fooroodgaah breakfast sobhaane dentist 9 dandaan pezeshk rst class 9 darajeye yek
alcohol alkol broken (faulty) kharaab depart 5 5 harekat kardan sh Q 4 maahee
all hame bus ootooboos diaper 9 pooshak food ghazaa
allergy hassaaseeyat business tejaarat dictionary farhange loghat foot paa
ambulance aamboolaans buy khareed dinner shaam fork changaal
and va direct D mostagheem free (of charge) raaygaan
friend doost
ankle moche paa
arm baazoo C dirty 5 kaseef
disabled malool fruit meeve
ashtray zeer seegaaree caf 5 kaaffe discount Q takhfeef full por
ATM khodpardaaz camera doorbeen doctor 5 doktor funny khande daar
camp site mahalle chaador zadan double bed takhte dokhaabe
en glis h farsi
green sabz
E
DIC TIONARY
168 169
head sar left-luggage oce news akhbaar rent Y 5 ejaare kardan
heart ghalb daftare baarhaaye jaa maande newspaper rooznaame repair Y 5 tameer kardan
heat Q garmaa leg saaghe paa night shab reservation rezerv
heavy sangeen lesbian hamjensbaaze zan no na restaurant restooraan
help Y 5 95 komak kardan less 5 kamtar noisy por sarosedaa return Y bargashtan
letter (mail) naame nonsmoking gheyre seegaaree return ticket
here eenjaa
north shomaal beleete rafto barghasht
high boland lift (elevator) aasaansor
nose 4 beenee right (direction) raast
highway bozorgraah light Q laamp now haalaa
hike Y 5 5 koohnavardee kardan like Y doost dashtan road jaade
number shomaare room otaagh
holiday 4 tateelee lock Q ghofl
I homosexual hamjens baaz long deraaz
O O
hospital beemaarestaan
hot daagh
lost gom shode
lost-property oce
oil (engine) roghan
S
hotel hotel daftare ashyaaye gom shode safe D amn
old 5 kohne
hungry gorosne love Y doost dashtan sanitary napkin 4
one-way ticket 9 beleete yek sare
husband shohar luggage baar open D baaz navaar behdaashtee
lunch naahaar seat jaa
outside beeroon
send ferestaadan
I M P
service station pompe benzeen
sex jenseeyat
I man shampoo shaampoo
identication (card) 4 5 mail Q naame package baste share (a dorm etc) 4
karte shenaasaayee man mard paper 5 kaaghaz ham otaaghee shodan
ill mareez map naghshe park (car) Y 5 T park kardan shaving cream khameer reesh
important mohem market baazaar passport gozar naame she oo
included shaamel matches 5 kebreet pay Y pardaakhtan sheet (bed) malaafe
meat goosht pen 5 khodkaar shirt peeraahan
injury zakhm
medicine daaroo petrol benzeen shoes 5 kafsh
Iran iraan pharmacy daarookhaane
insurance beeme menu menoo shop Q maghaaze
phone card 5 karte telefon
internet eenternet message peyghaam short 5 shalvaar kootaah
photo aks
interpreter motarjem milk sheer plate (food) boshghaab shower Q dosh
minute dagheeghe police polees single room 4 otaagh takee
mobile phone telefone hamraah postcard 5 karte postaal skin poost
J money pool
month maah
post oce edaareye post
pregnant haamele
skirt daaman
sleep Y khaabeedan
jewellery javaaheraat slowly aaheste
morning sobh price Q gheymat
job shoghl small 95 koochek
mother maadar
motorcycle motor smoke (cigarettes) Y 5
en glis h farsi
soap saaboon
DIC TIONARY
170 171
Lonely Planet Publications
stop Y 5 tavaghghof kardan trousers shalvaar
stop (bus) Q eestgaah twin beds takhte dokhaabe
street kheeyaabaan tyre taayer
student daanesh aamooz
sun aaftaab
kereme zedde aaftaab
sunscreen 5
U
underwear lebaase zeer
kereme zedde aaftaab
urgent ezteraaree
swim Y 5 shenaa kardan
T T V
vacant 4 khaalee
Tajikistan taajeekestaan
vacation tateelaat
tampons taampon
vegetable Q sabzee
taxi 45 taaksee
vegetarian D geeyaahkhaar
teaspoon
ghaashoghe chaay khoree visa veezaa
teeth dandaan
telephone Q telefon
television televeezeeyon
W
temperature (weather) damaa waiter gaarson
tent chaador walk Y peeyaade raftan
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tired khaste west 5 kamar
tissues 5 wheelchair 4 the above - Do the right thing with our content.
dastmaal kaaghazee sandaleeye charkhdaar
today emrooz when 45 key
toilet toovaalet where 5 kojaa
tomorrow fardaa white sefeed
tonight emshab who 45 kee
toothbrush T mesvaak why cheraa
toothpaste wife zan
khameer dandaan window panjare
torch (ashlight) with baa
DIC TIONARY
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