Master of Engineering in

Internetworking

OPEN ENDED IPV6 MINI PROJECT

INWK 6115

Submit by:-

Harcharan Singh Bagga

B00724689
 Dalhousie University

Faculty of Engineering

Internetworking

The undersigned hereby certify that they have read and award a pass in INWK 6115 for the
mini project entitled "IPV6" by Harcharan Singh Bagga in partial fulfilment of the
requirements for the degree of Master of Engineering.

___________________________

Dr. M Hassan Raza

 DALHOUSIE UNIVERSITY
INTERNETWORKING PROGRAM

AUTHORITY TO DISTRIBUTE REPORT

OPEN ENDED IPV6 MINI PROJECT

The Internetworking Program may make available or authorise others to make available
individual photo/microfilm or soft copies of this report without restrictions after
4/March/2017. The author attests that permission has been obtained for the use of any
copyrighted material appearing in this report (other than brief excerpts requiring only
proper acknowledgement in scholarly writing) and that all such use is clearly
acknowledged.

Full Name of Author: Harcharan Singh Bagga

Signature of Author: _________________________

Date: _________________________
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

I would like to express my sincere gratitude to Dr. M. Hassan RAZA, Faculty Dalhousie

University for his valuable time and guidance and suggestion for the completion of

this report.

Sincere Regards

Harcharan Singh Bagga

(B00724689)
Table of Contents
1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................................ 5
2. Classification .......................................................................................................................................... 5
3. IPV4 topology of network....................................................................................................... 6
a. Halifax topology
b. Montreal topology
c. Toronto topology
4. IPV6 topology of network ........ 13
5. Extension Header..16
6. IPV6 multicast.17
7. EUI-6418
8. Anycast in IPV6...20
9. Dual stack20
10. Tunneling21
11. Translation....22
12. OSPF V3.23
13. BGP V4...24
14. Data Encryption, Scalability, Flexibility, Security..24
15. Reliability.................................................................................................................................................25
1. Introduction
In this IPV6 Project we have a communication network that has 3 different geographical
location and each connect with different numbers of host. Currently this network is
working on IPV4 (Internet Protocol Version 4). Enable IPV6 in this network that help in
future expansion, security etc.

2. Classification
In this network, we have 3 routers at three different location i.e. Halifax,
Montreal, Toronto is connected via different network at different interface
through serial link as shown in figure. Here each r outer has different number
of switch and nodes connected are as under.
First, we make whole network IPV4 enable then IPV6 enable. After that we do IPv6 -
IPv4 tunneling and dual stake enable network.
3) IPV4 connectivity of network

First we are going to connect this network with IPV4, detail of each router and interface are in
below figure.

a) Montreal topology IPV4:

In this figure we see that Montral is connected to Halifax via serial interface s0/0/0 and network
address in between them is 192.168.10.0 /24.

Montreal is further connected with 2 switches via f0/0 and f0/1 interface has 192.168.20.1/24 and
192.168.30.1/24 n/w address.

Each Switches has 20 host and DHCP server (to auto-configure ipv4 address in hosts)

Address range in switch 0 from 192.168.20.3/24 to 192.168.20.22/24 (20 hosts) and in switch 1
192.168.30.3/24 to 192.168.30.22/24 (20 hosts)
DHCP configuration:

To configure 20 hosts automatic via DHCP, we need to configure DHCP first

Hosts auto configuration:-

Address Range for Montreal(IPV4):

Router interface Ipv4 address To range

Connect to Halifax S0/0/0 192.168.10.2/24 ---------------

via

Switch 1 (20 host) F0/0 192.168.20.3/24 192.168.20.22/24

Switch 2 (20 host) F0/1 192.168.30.3/24 192.168.30.22/24

b) Halifax topology IPV4

In this figure, we see that Halifax is connected to Montreal via serial interface s0/0/0 and
network address in between them is 192.168.10.0 /24. And it is also connect to Toronto by
s0/0/1 via 192.168.45.1

Halifax is further connected with 2 switches via f0/0 and f0/1 interface has 192.168.2.1/24
and 192.168.5.1/24 n/w address.

Each Switches has 20 host and DHCP server (to auto-configure ipv4 address in hosts)

Address range in switch 0 from 192.168.2.3/24 to 192.168.2.22/24 (20 hosts) and in switch
1 192.168.5.3/24 to 192.168.5.22/24 (20 hosts)
DHCP configuration

To configure 20 hosts automatic via DHCP, we need to configure DHCP at both switches.
 Auto PC configuration for Halifax in IPV4

Address Range for Halifax (IPV4):

Router interface Ipv4 address To range

Connect to Montreal S0/0/0 192.168.10.1/24 ---------------

via

Connect to Toronto S0/0/1 192.168.45.1 ---------

via

Switch 1 (20 host) F0/0 192.168.5.3/24 192.168.5.22/24

Switch 2 (20 host) F0/1 192.168.2.3/24 192.168.5.22/24

c) Toronto topology IPV4

In this figure, we see that Toronto is connected to Halifax via serial interface s0/2/0 and
network address in between them is 192.168.45.2 /24. Toronto is further connected with 7
different switches via different interface.

Switch Interface Ip adderess DHCP ip- Host ip range

address
S1 F0/1 192.168.31.1 192.168.31.2 192.168.31.3 -
192.168.31.22

S2 F1/0 192.168.32.1 192.168.32.2 192.168.32.3 -

192.168.32.22

S3 F1/1 192.168.33.1 192.168.33.2 192.168.33.3 -

192.168.33.22

S4 F1/2 192.168.34.1 192.168.34.2 192.168.34.3 -

192.168.34.22

S5 F1/3 192.168.35.1 192.168.35.2 192.168.35.3 -

192.168.35.22

S6 F1/4 192.168.36.1 192.168.36.2 192.168.36.3 -

192.168.36.22

S7 F1/5 192.168.37.1 192.168.37.2 192.168.37.3 -

192.168.37.22
4) IPV6 topology of network

Here we are going to make whole network IPV6 enable.

a) Montreal Topology IPV6

In this figure we see that Montral is connected to Halifax via serial interface s0/0/0
and network address in between them is 2001:0DB8:AC12:FE02::2/64
Montreal is further connected with 2 switches via f0/0 and f0/1 interface has
2001:0DB8:AC13:FE04::1/64 and 2001:0DB8:AC01:FE05::1/64 n/w address.
CONNECT TO ROUTER IPV6 ADDRESS HOST ADDRESS RANGE
INTERFACE

Halifax S0/0/0 2001:0DB8:AC12:FE02::2/64 ---------

Switch1 F0/1 2001:0DB8:AC01:FE05::1/64 2001:0DB8:AC01:FE05::3/64

to
2001:0DB8:AC01:FE05::24/64

Switch 2 F0/0 2001:0DB8:AC13:FE04::1/64 2001:0DB8:AC13:FE04::3/64

to
2001:0DB8:AC13:FE04::24/64

b) Halifax Topology IPV6

In this figure, we see that Halifax is connected to Montreal via serial interface s0/0/0 and
network address in between them is 2001: 0DB8: AC12: FE02:: 1/64. And it is also
connected to Toronto by s0/0/1 via 2001:0DBB:AC13:FE02::1/64

Halifax is further connected with 2 switches via f0/0 and f0/1 interface has
2001:0DB8:AC11:FE02::1/64 and 2001:0DB8:AC10:FE01::1/64 n/w address.

Each Switches has 20 host and DHCP server (to auto-configure ipv6 address in hosts)
CONNECT TO ROUTER IPV6 ADDRESS HOST ADDRESS RANGE
INTERFACE

Montreal S0/0/0 2001:0DB8:AC12:FE02::1/64 -

Toronto S0/0/1 2001:0DB8:AC13:FE02::1/64 -

Switch1 F0/1 2001:0DB8:AC11:FE02::1/64 2001:0DB8:AC12:FE02::3/64

to
2001:0DB8:AC12:FE02::24/64

Switch 2 F0/0 2001:0DB8:AC10:FE02::1/64 2001:0DB8:AC10:FE02::3/64

to
2001:0DB8:AC10:FE02::24/64

c) Toronto Topology IPV6

 CONNECT TO ROUTER IPV6 ADDRESS HOST ADDRESS RANGE
INTERFACE

Halifax S0/0/0 2001:0DB8:AC13:FE02::2/64 -

Switch1 F0/0 2001:0DB8:AC16:FE02::1/64 2001:0DB8:AC16:FE02::3/64

to
2001:0DB8:AC16:FE02::24/64

Switch 2 F0/1 2001:0DB8:AC17:FE02::1/64 2001:0DB8:AC17:FE02::3/64

to
2001:0DB8:AC17:FE02::24/64

Switch 3 F1/0 2001:0DB8:AC18:FE02::1/64 2001:0DB8:AC18:FE02::3/64

to
2001:0DB8:AC18:FE02::24/64

Switch 4 F1/3 2001:0DB8:AC19:FE02::1/64 2001:0DB8:AC19:FE02::3/64

TO
2001:0DB8:AC19:FE02::24/64

Switch 5 F1/1 2001:0DB8:AC20:FE02::1/64 2001:0DB8:AC20:FE02::3/64

TO
2001:0DB8:AC20:FE02::24/64

Switch 6 F1/2 2001:0DB8:AC21:FE02::1/64 2001:0DB8:AC21:FE02::3/64

TO

2001:0DB8:AC21:FE02::24/64

Switch 7 F1/3 2001:0DB8:AC22:FE02::1/64 2001:0DB8:AC22:FE02::1/64

TO
2001:0DB8:AC22:FE02::24/64

5) Use of Extension Header:

Next header field in IVP6
 IPv6 multicast addresses

Address Description

ff02::1 All nodes on the local network segment

ff02::2 All routers on the local network segment

ff02::5 OSPFv3 All SPF routers

ff02::6 OSPFv3 All DR routers

ff02::8 IS-IS for IPv6 routers

ff02::9 RIP routers

ff02::a EIGRP routers

ff02::d PIM routers

ff02::16 MLDv2 reports

All DHCP servers and relay agents on the local

ff02::1:2
network segment

All LLMNR hosts on the local network

ff02::1:3
segment

ff05::1:3 All DHCP servers on the local network site

ff0x::c Simple Service Discovery Protocol

ff0x::fb Multicast DNS

ff0x::101 Network Time Protocol

ff0x::108 Network Information Service

ff0x::181 Precision Time Protocol

ff02::6b Precision Time Protocol (PTP) version 2

ff0x::114 Used for experiments

FF00: :/8
Scope of Multicast address is XY ( FFXY), X is flag and Y is Scope.

IPV6 Enabled MULTICASTING using command

ivp6 multicast-routing

ipv6 pim rp-address

7) EUI-64 (Extended Unique Identifier)
Unique 64-bit IPV6 Address from Ethernet MAC
No need to config host manually config or do by DHCP
Ethernet MAC is 48 -bit long
8) Anycast
Used in control of one to nearest
Assign to more than 1 interface
Allocate from unicast address

9) Dual stack

Here dual stacking means enable ipv4 and ipv6 both on same interface and link, for dual
stacking let us consider Halifax and Montral has in dual stacking mode.
10) Tunneling

Here we are going to encapsulate IPV6 packets inside IPV4, let consider Montreal and
Toronto works on IPV6 and Halifax is on IPV4. For this scenario, Halifax act as tunnel
between Montreal and Toronto.
11) Translation

NAT64 translation mechanism allow native IPV6 host to communicate with IPV4 and vice
versa. A simple NAT64 installation may consist of a gateway with two interfaces connected
to an IPv4 network and an IPv6 network, respectively. Traffic from the IPv6 network is
routed via the gateway which performs all the necessary translations for transferring
packets between the two networks.
12) OSPFV3

OSPF version 3 will suitable in IPV6, as it provides Link LSAs and Intra-area LSAs type 8
and 9 instead of LSA 7.
13) BGPV4

Ipv6 support BGPv4 for exchanging packets between ASs

14) Data Encryption, Scalability, Flexibility, Security

All such feature are provide by :-

Next Header Field

The Next Header field defines the type of header immediately following the current one. It
is usually the payload, but sometimes Extension Headers provide valuable functions. The
Authentication and Encapsulated Security headers define encryption capabilities.

Extension Headers

Protocol numbers in required order of use

000 Hop-by-hop must be examined by every node on path to destination
043 Routing header list of nodes that should be visited on path
060 Destination options processed by routers along path
044 Fragment header packet was fragmented at source if too large for path
051 Authentication header part of IPsec
050 Encapsulated security payload IPsec

15) Reliability