BIOLOGY

The Osmosis Lab

Poopattayakorn Chanika Mind

Poollarp Achitphol Tarn
Nattapoom Ninwatcharamanee Bom
Panachai Dithapan Job
Skypet Saingthong Gard

Class: 1001

DATE: 6/2/2017

Introduction:
Purpose:
In this experiment, we are trying to observe how osmosis affects the substances which ris
placed in both hypotonic and hypertonic solution. This study measures the changing in size
and volume of the object before and after it is soaked in the solution. The observation is
made to support osmosis theory which the net movement of water is changed due to the
change in solution.

Hypothesis :
1.How will soaking the Jelly in distilled water affect the size of the candy?
Hypothesis: If we put the Jelly in distilled water, then the Jelly will swell.

2.How will soaking the Jelly in concentrated salt water affect the size of the candy?
Hypothesis: If we put the Jelly in concentrated salt water, then the Jelly will shrink.

3.How will soaking the Potato in distilled water affect the size?
Hypothesis: If we put the Potato piece in distilled water, then the Potato will shrink.

4.How will soaking the Potato in concentrated salt water affect the size?
Hypothesis: If we put the Potato piece in concentrated salt water, then the Potato will swell.

Material lists:
- 3 Jellies
- 3 equal pieces of potato
- 6 weighing papers
- Knife
- Cutting board
- 6 Beakers
- Electronic Balance
- Distilled water
- Concentrated salt water
- Calculator
- Markers
- Gloves
- Lab coat
- Goggles
- 2 Cylinders
- Forceps

Methods

- Collect the materials that your group needs (3 Jelly and Half a Potato)
- Use the knife to cut the potato into 3 equal pieces
- Use the electronic balance to find the mass of your jelly. Remember to lay down a piece of
weighing paper and set to zero.
- Record your data
- Record descriptive observations about the jelly prior to the experiment.
- Measure the initial volume of the jelly and the potato and record your data.
- Fill your 1st beaker halfway with distilled water. Put one of your jelly into the beaker. Set the
beaker aside for one hour. Label the beaker using marker.
- Fill your 2st beaker with concentrated salt solution halfway. Put your 2nd jelly into that
beaker. Set beaker aside for one hour. Label the beaker using marker.
- Put your 3rd jelly into an empty beaker without putting anything in it. That should be your
control.
- Put the 4th beaker halfway with distilled water. Put one of your potato pieces into the
beaker. Set the beaker aside for one hour. Label the beaker.
- Put the 5th beaker halfway with concentrated salt solution halfway. Put your second potato
pieces into that beaker and set it aside for an hour. Label the beaker.
- Place your last piece of potato pieces into the last beaker, empty. That is your control for
the potato. Label the beaker.
- Make sure you label all the beakers distilled water or concentrated salt solution with
some markers.
- After one hour, come back and look at each of the beakers and record the data volume and
mass of both the jellies in two beaker and both the potato in two other beakers.
- Also record the descriptive data for what the jelly and the potato look like now after being
soaker for an hour.
- Calculate the percent change in the size of each jelly and potato
a) Percent change in volume
b) Percent change in mass

Data Tables

Data Tables A: Changes in volume and mass of jelly after being

soaked in the solution for a hour.
 Jelly 1 Jelly 2 Jelly 3

Dimensions Before After soaking Before After soaking Control

soaking in distilled soaking in the group
water concentrated
salt water

Volume 4 mL 4.5 mL 3 mL 3.5 mL -

Mass 5.05 g 6.53 g 5.15 g 5.4 g 5.08 g

Data Tables B:Changes in volume and mass of potato after being

soaked in the solution for a hour.

Potato 1 Potato 2 Potato 3

Dimensions Before After soaking Before After soaking Control

soaking in distilled soaking in the group
water concentrated
salt water

Volume 5 mL 4.4 mL 4 mL 3 mL -

Mass 4.24 g 5g 4.05 g 3.57 g 3.5 g

Data Tables C: What do the jellies look like after soaked in the
solution
Jelly 1 Jelly 2

Descriptive Observations Before Soaking in Descriptive Observations Before Soaking in

Distilled Water: Salt Water:

The surface looks more rounded and oily. The surface looks more rounded and oily.

It looks smooth and circle in physical It looks smooth and circle in physical
appearance. appearance.
Descriptive Observations After Soaking in Descriptive Observations After Soaking in
Distilled Water: Salt Water:

Its apparently bigger in size Look a bit bigger

Swells Has many white particles around the

surface
Fat and more transparent
Its surface is stretched

Data Tables D: What do the potatoes look like after soaked in the
solution
Potato 1 Potato 2

Descriptive Observations Before Soaking in Descriptive Observations Before Soaking in

Distilled Water: Salt Water:

Yellow in color
Yellow in color
Cubic shape
Cubic shape
Oily, smooth surface
Oily, smooth surface

Descriptive Observations After Soaking in Descriptive Observations After Soaking in

Distilled Water: Salt Water:

The surface looks more soft and smooth. Look more strict(Like it was pressed by
some pressure)
Apparently bigger in size
The surface is softer

Slightly smaller in size

Data table E: Percent change in volume and mass of Jellies
Jelly 1 (Distilled water) Jelly 2 (Concentrated salt water)
%
Changes
in +12.5% +16.67%
volume
%
Changes
in +29.31% +4.85%
mass
 Data table F: Percent change in volume and mass of Potatoes
Potato 1 (Distilled water) Potato2 (Concentrated salt water)
%
Changes
in -12% -25%
volume
%
Changes
in +14.15% -11.85%
mass

The bar graphs show the analysing results from the experiment
The bar graphs show the analysing results from the experiment
Analysis Results Questions:

1. What happened to the jellies after being soaked in distilled water and salt
water for an hour? Why?
Answer: After soaked for an hour, the volume and the mass of both jellies were increased.
Also, the jellies were bigger in size. When cells are put into the hypotonic solution which has
more water, the water outside cell, in solution, will osmosis or transported into the cell, and
the cell will swell. So, we can say that distilled water and concentrated salt water are
hypotonic to the jellies, because of the movement of water moving to inside of the jellies
instead of moving out. Moreover, they also caused the swelling of the jellies, according to the
change in volume and mass after soaking that are all increased.

2. What happened to the potatoes after being soaked in distilled water and salt
water for an hour? Why?
Answer: The volume of the first potato, which put into the distilled water, was decreased, the
mass was increased and the size was bigger. Unlike the first potato, the volume and mass of
the second potato, which put into the salt water, were both decreased, and the size was
smaller. When cells are put into the hypotonic solution, the water will diffuse into the cell, and
the cell will swell. When cells are in the hypertonic solution, theres more water inside cell
than outside, the water will osmosis to outside of the cell and the cell will shrink. According to
the results after soaking, the change in volume, mass and size, we can say that the distilled
water is maybe hypotonic to the potato because the water were moving in and the potatoes
swelled, and the concentrated salt water is hypertonic to the potato, because the water were
moving out and the potatoes shrinked.

Conclusion:
Osmosis, the movement of water across membrane, will occur when theres a
difference between levels of concentration, either hypertonic or hypotonic. The water will
move to the hypertonic region which has lower water concentration and higher solute
concentration, and further causes the cell to swell or shrink.

Work Log
 Date Name Roles Assignment

1/2/2017 Bom Slices the potatoes into a cubic shape. Completed

5/2/2017 Writes the conclusion Completed

Helps constructing the graphs Completed

1/2/2017 Tarn Records all data in tables and sheets. Completed

Writes the descriptive observations Completed

3/2/2017 Types some data into docs. Completed

5/2/2017 Types all the data into tables in google Completed

docs

1/2/2017 Mind Work on the lab procedures Completed

5/2/2017 Helps constructing the tables in google Completed

docs
Writes the answers for the analysis Completed
questions

1/2/2017 Job Constructs the data tables in google docs. Completed

Calculates the percent changes in mass Completed
3/2/2017 and volume.
Lists the materials used in the lab and Completed
types in the google docs
5/2/2017 Creates the bar graphs Completed

1/2/2017 Gard Helps doing the after lunch lab Completed

3/2/2017 Create the hypothesis and types it into Completed

google docs
Types all the procedures into google docs. Completed