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dT
=kdt
Separando variables se tiene: (T T a)
dT
(T 20) = kdt
e ln (T 20 )=ekt +c
t
Entonces, T =ce , por lo tanto:
kt
T ( t )=ce + T a
kt
T ( t )=ce + T a
Como T a=20 C T ( t )=cekt + 7 0
T ( t )=ce kt + 20
c=9020
c=70
Ya que T(4)=75
k (4 )
7520=70 e + 2020
55=70 e k ( 4)
55
=e k ( 4 )
70
7520
ek(4 )=
70
70
e k(4 )=
55
Aplicando logaritmos:
e
70
55 )
ln ( k ( 4))=ln
e
55
70 )
ln ( k ( 4))=ln
55
70 )
4 k ln ( e)=ln
55
ln ( )
70
k= =0,0602
4
0,0602t 1
T ( t 1 )=70 e +20=55
55=70 e0,0602t + 20 1
Por lo tanto,
0,0602t1 5520
e = y simplificando encontramos que:
70
70
ln ( )
35
t1 = =10,696 min
0,0602
Simplificamos
35 0,0602 t
=e 1
70
35
ln ( )=ln ( e0,0602t )
1
70
35
ln( )=0,0602t 1
70
t 1 =11.5 min
Problema
El volumen inicial de lquido en el tanque es V0 = 500 lt y la
cantidad inicial de sal en el tanque es x0 = 20 gr.
Simplificamos la ecuacin
dx 5
+ x=40
dt 250t
dx
Despejando dt
dx 5
= x+ 40
dt 250t
dx= ( 250t
5
x+ 40 ) dt
5
dx + xdt=40 dt
250t
5
(250t dt
5
e )
=e5 log (250+t )=(250+ t )
Dado que
5
(250+ t )5 dx + 5
5
xdt=d [ (250+t ) ]
( ( 250t ) (250+t ) )
d [ (250+t )5 ] = 40 (250+t )5 dt
10
( 250t )5 x = +c
(250+t )4
10
( 250 )5 20= +c
(250 )4
c=2.58048 1 09
10
x=
( (250+ t ) 4
+2.58048 1 09
)
( 250t )5
10
x=
( (250+ t ) 4
+2.58048 1 09
)
( 250t )5
10
( (250+t ) 4
+2.58048 1 09
)
( 250t )5
C ( t )=
2 ( 250t )