GENERIC NAME MECHANISM OF ACTION INDICATION/ DOSAGE ADVERSE REACTION CONTRAINDICATION

METHYLPREDNISOLON Description: Methylpredni Adult : PO Anti-inflammatory or Adrenal suppression,

E solone binds to and immunosuppressive Initial: 2-60 anaphylactoid Muscle Problems,
activates intracellular mg/day, depending on the disease reactions, Increased Pressure in
glucocorticoid receptors. being treated. Allergic conditions 24 immunosuppression, the Eye, Wide-Angle
Activated glucocorticoid mg on day 1; 20 mg on day 2; 16 mg acute myopathy, Glaucoma, Cataracts,
receptors bind to on day 3; 12 mg on day 4; 8 mg on Kaposis sarcoma, Broken Bone due to
promoter regions of DNA day 5; 4 mg on day 6. All doses to be psychiatric Disease or Illness,
(which may activate or given as a single or in divided disturbances (e.g. Avascular Necrosis of
suppress transcription) doses. IV As methylprednisolone Na depression, Bone, Malaria Affecting
and activate transcription succinate: Anti-inflammatory or euphoria, insomnia, the Brain, Muscle
factors resulting in immunosuppressive 10-500 mood swings, Wasting,
inactivation of genes mg/day. Acute allograft rejection in personality Hyperammonemia
through deacetylation of organ transplant recipients 0.5-1 changes), increased associated with N-
histones. g/day. Status asthmaticus 40 mg, susceptibility and acetylglutamate
repeated according to patients severity of synthase deficiency,
response. IM Anti-inflammatory or infections, impaired Untreated Systemic
immunosuppressive As healing, HTN, Na and Fungal Infection, High
methyprednisolone Na succinate: 10- fluid retention, CV Blood Pressure, Chronic
80 mg once daily. As collapse (high dose), Heart Failure, Herpes
methylprednisolone acetate: 10-80 mg peptic ulcer, cataract Simplex Infection of the
every 1-2 wk. Intra-articularAnti- subcapsular, skin Eye, Ulcer from
inflammatory or atrophy, acne, Stomach Acid, Burning
immunosuppressive As muscular weakness, Stomach, Diverticulitis,
methylprednisolone acetate: 4-10 mg growth retardation, Surgical Joining of Two
(small joints); 10-40 mg (medium decreased blood K; Parts of the Intestine,
joints); 20-80 mg (large joints). May be dermal/subdermal Hardening of the Liver,
repeated every 1-5 skin depression at inj Rupture of a Tendon,
wk. Intralesional Anti-inflammatory or site. Topical: Itching, Osteoporosis,
immunosuppressive As burning erythema, Decreased Calcification
methylprednisolone acetate: 20-60 mg vesiculation; rarely, or Density of Bone,
every 1-5 wk.Corticosteroid-responsive folliculitis, Seizures, Visible Water
dermatoses As methylprednisolone hypertrichosis, Retention, High Blood
acetate: 20-60 mg, may repeat up to 4 perioral dermatitis, Sugar, Abnormal Liver
inj at intervals depending on the type skin discolouration, Function Tests,
of lesion and patients response to the allergic skin
initial inj. TopicalCorticosteroid- reactions.
responsive dermatoses As 0.1% Intestinal Infection
methylprednisolone aceponate oint, caused by the
cream or lotion: Apply thinly to Roundworm
affected area once daily for up to 12 Strongyloides, Active,
wk. Untreated Tuberculosis,
Inactive Tuberculosis,
Underactive Thyroid,
Inherited Deficiency of
Arginosuccinate Lyase,
Inherited Deficiency of
Carbamyl Phosphate
Synthetase,
Citrullinemia, Diabetes,
Insufficiency of the
Hypothalamus and
Pituitary Gland,
Infection caused by the
Varicella Zoster Virus,
Measles, Ornithine
Carbamoyltransferase
Deficiency, Arginase
Deficiency, High
Cholesterol, Low
Amount of Potassium in
the Blood, Reduction in
the Body's Resistance
to Infection, Exposure
to the Measles,
Exposure to the
Chickenpox, Mental
Disorder with Loss of
Normal Personality &
Reality, Muscle Pain or
Tenderness with
Increase Creatine

TRENEXAMIC ACID Description: Tranexamic
acid is an antifibrinolytic
agent that competitively
inhibits breakdown of
fibrin clots. It blocks
binding of plasminogen
and plasmin to fibrin,
thereby preventing
haemostatic plug
dissolution.
Hydroxychloroquine Description: Hydroxychlor
oquine is a 4-
aminoquinoline
antimalarial with actions
similar to those of
chloroquine but is mainly
used in the treatment of
SLE and rheumatoid
arthritis. It interferes with
digestive vacuole function
within susceptible
malarial parasites by
increasing pH and
interrupting with
lysosomal degradation of
Hb thus impeding normal
cell function of sensitive
parasites.
Kinase
Allergies
Adult : PO Short-term management of Diarrhoea, nausea, In patients with
haemorrhage 1-1.5 g 2-3 vomiting, acquired defective
times/day. Long-term management of disturbances in color vision, since this
hereditary angioedema 1-1.5 g 2-3 colour vision, prohibits measuring
times/day. IV Short-term management giddiness, one endpoint that
of haemorrhage 0.5-1 g 3 times/day. hypotension (after should be followed as a
rapid IV inj), measure of toxicity. In
thromboembolic patients
events. with subarachnoid
hemorrhage.
Adult : PO Rheumatoid arthritis; Retinopathy, hair Disease of the Macula
SLE Initial: 400 mg/day in divided loss, of the Eye, Visual Field
doses. Maintenance: 200-400 mg/day. photosensitivity, Defect, Liver Problems,
Max: 6.5 mg/kg/day or 400 mg/day tinnitus, myopathy Psoriasis, Low Blood
whichever is lower. Malaria (long-term therapy). Sugar, Glucose-6-
prophylaxis 400 mg every 7 days, start Psychosis, seizures, Phosphate
2 wk before exposure, continue during leucopenia and Dehydrogenase (G6PD)
exposure and for 4-6 wk after leaving rarely aplastic Deficiency, Anemia
the endemic area.Acute malaria Initial: anaemia, hepatitis, from Pyruvate Kinase
800 mg, then 400 mg 6-8 hr later, then GI upsets, dizziness, and G6PD Deficiencies,
a further 400 mg on each of the 2 hypokalaemia, Porphyria, Anemia,
succeeding days. headache, pruritus, Decreased Neutrophils
urticaria, difficulty in a Type of White Blood
visual Cell, Habit of Drinking
accommodation. Too Much Alcohol
Loss of hair,
bleaching of hair
pigment, bluish-
black pigmentation
of the mucous
membranes and
skin,
photosensitivity,
tinnitus, reduced
hearing, nerve
deafness,
neuromyopathy, and
myopathy, including
cardiomyopathy.