MANISAH BINTI MOHAMAD

PROJECT MONITORING PROJECT

CONTROL

Project monitoring means

collecting, recording and The act of reducing the
reporting information difference between plan and
concerning project actual progress through with
performance that project alternatives activities and
manager and other actions
stakeholders need to know
Better efficiency

Fewer reject

Increase customer satisfaction

Improve customer / supplier relation.

To detect & react appropriately to deviations & changes to plan

Define the project monitoring
Monitoring is defined as a management function
to guide in the intended direction and to check
performance against pre-determined plans .

Identify lagging areas requiring timely attentions

and actions

Monitoring involves watching a progress of a

project against time, resources and performance
schedules during the execution of the project
 Human Tools,
Materials Money Time Quality Task
recourse machines
 End of the project

Continuously

Regularly

Logically

While there still has

time to react

As Soon As Possible

As job complete
 Comparison
Selection of of control
Observation Collection of
control data with
of activities control data
measures planning
information
 Through meeting
with clients & parties
involved in project

Updating schedule (CPM, Gantt

Chart)
Using Earn Value
Analysis
Milestones

Calculate critical ratios

Reports

Tests & Inspections

Project Controls can be defined as

The process of comparing actual performance

against plan to identify deviations, evaluate courses
of action, and take appropriate corrective action.

Project controls is mainly concerned with the metrics

of the project, such as qualities, quantities, time, cost,
and other resources;

Use the information from the monitoring process to

get a project on track.
Better efficiency

Fewer reject

Increase customer satisfaction

Improve customer / supplier relation.

 Taking
action
Comparing
plans
against
Measuring actual
progress and
performance

Setting a
baseline
plan
PLAN
MONITOR
Project Schedule
Recording status
Project Budget
Reporting
Specification
progress
Resources plan
Reporting cost

ACTION
Correct
COMPARE
deviations or Actual progress
changes to get against plan
project on track
1) QUALITY PLANNING
INPUT
TOOLS
Quality Policy
OUTPUT
Scope Solutions design
Resources Plan Cost benefit Quality
Business Case analysis Management
MS Project Plan
Flow chart Test Strategy
Uses cases Test Plan
Checklist
2) QUALITY CONTROL
INPUT
TOOLS
Quality
Management OUTPUT
Plan Inspection
Checklist Tests Acceptance
Data gathering decisions
tools Rework
Sampling Process
adjustment
Updates
Checklist
3) QUALITY ASSURANCE
INPUT
TOOLS
Quality
Management OUTPUT
Plan Checklist
Test results Uses case Change Request
QC record Quality Audits
 Quality management process and concept
From a project managers perspective, there are three quality

management concepts that should exist to support each and every

project. They include:

1. QUALITY PLANNING

The quality planning is created by the project manager and project team

members by breaking down the project objectives into a work

breakdown structure.

Using a treelike diagramming technique, the project activities are broken

down into lower-level activities until specific quality actions can be

identified. 16
 The project manager then ensures that these actions are documented and implemented in

the sequence that will meet the customers requirements and expectations.

This enables the project manager to assure the customer that he has a road map to

delivering a quality product or service and therefore will satisfy the customers needs.

A good quality planning will:

Identify all of the organizations external and internal customers cause the design of a

process that produces the features desired by the customer

Bring in suppliers early in the process cause the organization to be responsive to

changing customer needs

Prove that the process is working and that quality goals are being met

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2) QUALITY ASSURANCE

Quality assurance is the collective term for the formal activities and managerial

processes that attempt to ensure that products and services meet the required
quality level.

Quality assurance also includes efforts external to these processes that provide

information for improving the internal processes. It is the quality assurance function
that attempts to ensure that the project scope, cost, and time functions are fully
integrated.

The Project Management Institute Guide to the Body of Knowledge (PMBOK)

refers to quality assurance as the management section of quality management. This

is the area where the project manager can have the greatest impact on the quality of
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his project.
 The project manager needs to establish the administrative processes and procedures

necessary to ensure and, often, prove that the scope statement conforms to the actual
requirements of the customer.

The project manager must work with his team to determine which processes they will

use to ensure that all stakeholders have confidence that the quality activities will be
properly performed. All relevant legal and regulatory requirements must also be met.

A good quality assurance system will:

Identify objectives and standards
Be multifunctional and prevention oriented
Plan for collection and use of data in a cycle of continuous improvement
Plan for the establishment and maintenance of performance measures
Include quality audits
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3) QUALITY CONTROL

Quality control is a collective term for activities and techniques, within the process, that are
intended to create specific quality characteristics.

Such activities include continually monitoring processes, identifying and eliminating problem
causes, use of statistical process control to reduce the variability and to increase the efficiency of
processes.

Quality control certifies that the organizations quality objectives are being met.

The PMBOK refers to quality control as the technical aspect of quality management. Project
team members who have specific technical expertise on the various aspects of the project play
an active role in quality control.

They set up the technical processes and procedures that ensure that each step of the project
provides a quality output from design and development through implementation and
maintenance. Each steps output must conform to the overall quality standards and quality plans,
thus ensuring that quality is achieved. 20
A good quality control system will:

Select what to control

Set standards that provide the basis for decisions regarding possible
corrective action
Establish the measurement methods used
Compare the actual results to the quality standards
Act to bring nonconforming processes and material back to the standard
based on the information collected
Monitor and calibrate measuring devices
Include detailed documentation for all processes

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