Footnotes and References: The Bluebook: A Uniform System of Citation, (19th Edition)

For a simple idea, please refer to the table below which deals with some important formats of
citation according to the Bluebook. This is not an exhaustive list and is not intended to be a
comprehensive guide to the Bluebook itself.
Source to be Cited Citation Guide
Reports AGENCY/ORGANIZATION/COMMITTEE, REPORT TITLE 89 (ed., year), available
at.
(cited similar to
books) U.S. COMMN ON OCEAN POLICY, AN OCEAN BLUEPRINT FOR THE 21ST
CENTURY: FINAL REPORT OF THE U.S. COMMISSION ON OCEAN POLICY 86
(2004), available at
http://www.oceancommission.gov/documents/full_color_rpt/000_ocean_
full_report.pdf (last visited Nov. 20, 2012) [hereinafter USCOP REPORT].
Institutional CITY OF NEW HAVEN, RECYCLE NOW NEW HAVEN (1991).
Author

When Individual credited on behalf of the Institution:

JUDITH A. LHAMON, NATL ASSN FOR LAW PLACEMENT, A FAIR SHAKE:
LAWFUL AND EFFECTIVE INTERVIEWING 3 (1987).

When citing individual, only include subdivisions of the Institution if

relevant:
S. ELIZABETH GIBSON, FED. JUDICIAL CTR., CASE STUDIES OF MASS TORT
LIMITED FUND CLASS ACTION SETTLEMENTS & BANKRUPTCY
REORGANIZATIONS 39-45 (2000).
NOT CITE AS: S. ELIZABETH GIBSON, FED. JUDICIAL CTR., WORKING
GROUP ON MASS TORTS, CASE STUDIES OF MASS TORT LIMITED FUND
CLASS ACTION SETTLEMENTS & BANKRUPTCY REORGANIZATIONS 39-45
(2000).

When no Individual but subdivision of the institution, then use the smallest
subdivision that prepared the work and then the overall body of which that
subdivision is a part
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS CTR., STATE CRIME COMMN, CRIME IN GEORGIA 41
(1980).

Books REBECCA J. COOK, REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH

AND HUMAN RIGHTS: INTEGRATING MEDICINE, ETHICS, AND LAW 56-64
(2003).

Book by two editors:

AUTHOR, RETHINKING COMMODIFICATION 164, 168 (Martha M. Ertman &
 Joan C. Williams eds., 2005).

More than three editors or authors, cite first name and then et al.:
RICHARD H. FALLOW, ET AL., HART AND WECHSLERS THE FEDERAL
COURTS AND THE FEDERAL SYSTEM 330 (6th ed. 2009).

Volumes: ( as number in beginning)

2 REBECCA J. COOK, REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH
AND HUMAN RIGHTS: INTEGRATING MEDICINE, ETHICS, AND LAW 56-64
(2003).

Book published by FREDERICK POLLOCK & FREDERIC WILLIAM MAITLAND, THE HISTORY OF
a single publisher ENGLISH LAW 205-06 (2d ed. 1911).

Book published in CHARLES DICKENS, BLEAK HOUSE 49-55 (Norman Page ed., Penguin Books
editions by 1971) (1853).
multiple
publishers
Shorter work in a By various authors:
collection by Kay Deaux & Brenda Major, A Social-Psychological Model of Gender, in
multiple authors THEORETICAL PERSPECTIVES ON SEXUAL DIFFERENCE 89, 89 (Deborah L.
Rhode ed., 1990).

All works in the volume by same author:

2 WINSTON CHURCHILL, Blood, Sweat, and Tears, in THE WAR SPEECHES 65,
69 (1920).

Journal Article David C. Fortney, Thinking Outside the "Black Box": Tailored Enforcement
in Environmental Criminal Law, 81 TEXAS L. REV. 1609 (2003).

Newspaper Article Printed:

Charles Lane, Law Curbing U.S.-Funded Attorneys is Rejected, WASH.
POST, Mar. 1, 2001, at A4.

Online:
Sheryl Gay Stolberg, In Speech to N.A.A.C.P., Bush Offers Reconciliation,
N.Y. TIMES, Jul. 21, 2006, available at
http://www.nytimes.com/2006/07/21/washington/21bush.html.
 Website Jonathan H. Adler, A Few Thoughts on the Second Circuit's DOMA
Decision, THE VOLOKH CONSPIRACY, (Oct. 19, 2012, 8:26 AM), available at
http://www.volokh.com/2012/10/19/a-few-thoughts-on-the-second-circuits-
doma-decision/ (last visited Nov. 20, 2012).

Devin Friedman, Will You Be My Black Friend?, GQ, 185 (Nov. 2008),
available at http:/ /w w w . g q . c o m / n e w s - p o l i t i c s / m e n s - l i v e s / 2 0 0 8
friends-obama (last visited Nov. 20, 2012).

Cases [US]
Baker v. General Motors Corp., 522 U.S. 222, 228 (1998)

[UK]
R. v. Lockwood, (1872) 99 Eng. Rep. 379 (K.B.)

[India]
Charan Lal Sahu v. Union Carbide, (1989) 1 S.C.C. 674 (India).
Singh v. Punjab, (1980) 2 S.C.J. 475, 542 (India).
Jabalpur v. Shukla, A.I.R. 1976 S.C. 1207 (India).

Constitution INDIA CONST. Arts. 15 & 16.

INDIA CONST. Art. 1, 9, cl. 2.
INDIA CONST. Art. 269, amended by The Constitution (Eightieth Amendment)
Act, 2000.
Codified statute Wildlife Protection Act, No. 53 of 1972, 2(36) [hereinafter WPA, 1972].

International Geneva Convention Relative to the Treatment of Prisoners of War art. 3, Aug.
agreement 12, 1949, 6 U.S.T. 3316, 75 U.N.T.S. 135.

Movie/Video Movie alone:

CHRIS ROCK: BIGGER AND BLACKER (HBO Home Video 1999) (There aint
a white man in this room that would change places with me . . . and Im
rich.).

Speaker on a programme:
LOUIS C.K., I Enjoy Being White, on CHEWED UP (Image Entertainment
2008).
Signals Reich, supra note 3, at 739. (footnote which was above.)
Reich, infra note 7, at 739. (footnote which is discussed below)
Id. at 740. (footnote immediately preceeding.)
See (Supportive citations when the text cited may be derived from the
footnoted authority)
See also (Supportive citations used to give additional supporting authorities)
But see (Contradiction used to show that the authority cited expresses a
different viewpoint than the preceding authority)
See, generally (Background used to provide a background for the statement
in the text)
e.g (Supportive used when giving one example among several in support of
the text)