M10 SR Tech PDF

Basic Maintenance Module 10 Aviation Regulation
Training Manual Contents
10.1 Regulatory Framework General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

Subpart B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Rules and Regulations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Issue of an Aircraft Maintenance Licence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
International Civil Aviation Authority Organisations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Subpart C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
National Civil Aviation Authorities (Examples) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Examinations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
International Operator Organisations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Subpart D . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Role of International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Conversion of National Qualifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Role of European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Subpart E . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
EASA Organisation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Examination Credits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
EASA Milestones . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Subpart F . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
EASA Regulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Revocation, Suspension or Limitation of the Aircraft Maintenance Licence 12
Overview Regulation and Corresponding Documents. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Appendix I Basic Knowledge Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
EASA Member States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Other European Countries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Relationship with other Aviation Authorities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 10.3 Part - 145 Approved Maintenance Organisations
International Working Arrangements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Other Aviation Authorities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Annex II. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Relation between Approval Certificate and Aircraft Registration . . . . . . . 14 Section A. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Relationship between Approved Maintenance Organisation, Authority and Section B. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Operator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Procedure for Competent Authorities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Swiss Civil Aviation Organisation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Appendix I. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Responsibilities and Organisation of the FOCA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Use of the EASA Form 1 for Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Swiss Regulatory Framework . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 EASA Form 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Technical Communication System used by FOCA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Appendix II . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Organisations Approval Class and Rating System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
10.2 Part-66 Certifying Staff - Maintenance
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 10.4 JAR-OPS 1 Commercial Air Transportation (Aeroplanes)
Section A. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Subpart A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Air Operators Certificates - JAR-OPS1.175 Subpart C and ff. . . . . . . . . . . 3
Aircraft Maintenance Licence Aeroplanes and Helicopters . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Operator's Responsibilities - JAR OPS 1.020 Subpart B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Subpart B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Documents to be Carried - JAR-OPS 1.125 Subpart B and ff . . . . . . . . . . 8
Aircraft other than Aeroplanes and Helicopters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Aircraft Placarding (markings). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Subpart C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Aeroplane Maintenance - JAR-OPS 1 Subpart M . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Maintenance Responsibility - JAR-OPS 1.890 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Section B. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Maintenance Management - JAR-OPS 1.895. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Procedure for Competent Authorities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Operators Aircraft Maintenance Program - JAR-OPS 1.910 . . . . . . . . . . 10
Subpart A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Operators Aircraft Technical Log - JAR-OPS 1.915. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
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Copyright by SR Technics Switzerland For training purposes only Cat: A B1 B2 10.Contents - I
Maintenance Records - JAR-OPS 1.920 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Subpart D Maintenance Standards. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

Accident / Occurrence Reporting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Subpart E Components. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Subpart F Maintenance Organisation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
10.5 Aircraft Certification Subpart G Continuing Airworthiness Management Organisation . . . . . . . 17
Subpart H Certificate of Release to Service - CRS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Part - 21 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Subpart I Airworthiness Review Certificate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Section B Procedure for Competent Authorities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Article 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Subpart A General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Article 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Subpart B Accountability. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Article 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Subpart C Continuing Airworthiness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Article 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Subpart D Maintenance Standards. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Article 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Subpart E Components. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Subpart F Maintenance Organisation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Selected Paragraphs of PART-21 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Subpart G Continuing Airworthiness Management Organisation . . . . . . . 27
Subpart A - General Provision . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Subpart H Certificate of Release to Service - CRS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Subpart B - Type-Certificates and Restricted Type-Certificates . . . . . . . . 19
Subpart I Airworthiness Review Certificate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Subpart E - Supplemental Type-Certificates. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Appendix I Continuing Airworthiness Arrangement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Subpart G - Production Organisation Approval. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Subpart J - Design Organisation Approval . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Subpart M - Repairs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 10.7 Applicable National and International Requirements
Certification Specification (Airworthiness Codes) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 Aircraft Maintenance Programs, Checks and Inspections. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Documents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 Master Minimum Equipment List, Minimum Equipment List, Configuration
Certificate of Airworthiness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 Deviation List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Certificate of Registration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 Master Minimum Equipment List. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Noise Certificate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 Minimum Equipment List/MEL and
Weight Schedule . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 Configuration Deviation List /CDL. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Aircraft Station Licence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 Airworthiness Directives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Liability Insurance Certificate for Aircraft . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 Service Bulletins, Manufacturers Service Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Modifications and Repairs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
10.6 Part - M Continuing Airworthiness Maintenance Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Aircraft Maintenance Manuals (AMM). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Structural Repair Manual (SRM). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
M. 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Aircraft Illustrated Parts Catalogue (AIPC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Purpose of this Part . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Component Maintenance Manual (CMM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Section A Technical Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Engine Manual (EM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Subpart A General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Wiring (Diagram) Manual (WM/WDM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Subpart B Accountability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Continuing Airworthiness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Subpart C Continuing Airworthiness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Copyright by SR Technics Switzerland For training purposes only Cat: A B1 B2 10.Contents - II
Test Flights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
ETOPS - Extended Range Twin Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
All Weather Operation Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Swiss National Requirements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Licence for Maintenance Personnel - VUP/ODEA 748.127.2 . . . . . . . . . . 22
FOCA Approval for Maintenance Organisations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Maintenance Records - VLL/ONAE 748.215.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Work Reports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Airworthiness Categories - VLL/ONAE 748.215.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Operation of Aircraft - VLL/ONAE 748.215.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Maintaining Airworthiness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Swiss Legal Requirements for Maintenance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Handling and Recording of ADs - VLL/ONAE 748.215.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Airplane respectively Rotorcraft Flight Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Aircraft Registration Markings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Alterations on Aircraft and Aircraft Parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Ferry Flight - VLL/ONAE 748.215.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Abbreviations

Copyright by SR Technics Switzerland For training purposes only Cat: A B1 B2 10.Contents - III

Copyright by SR Technics Switzerland For training purposes only Cat: A B1 B2 10.Contents - IV
Training Manual 10.1 Regulatory Framework
10.1 Regulatory Framework

Rules and Regulations International Civil Aviation Authority Organisations
Already in the early years of the civil aviation industry it became clear, that trans- ICAO International Civil Aviation Organisation
porting passengers and goods with aircraft would not confine itself to national bor- (Worldwide organisation of authorities)
ders. It was also clear, that there would always be a certain amount of risk and ECAC European Civil Aviation Conference
danger inherent in aviation. Therefore local and later on international lawmaking (European organisation of authorities)
was inevitable. JAA Joint Aviation Authorities
Rules and regulations were worked out for the following reasons: (European organisation of JAA member authorities)
Protection of people on the ground EASA European Aviation Safety Agency
Protection of paying passengers and cargo
Protection of cockpit and cabin crews National Civil Aviation Authorities (Examples)
Standardisation of activities within the civil aviation industry worldwide FOCA Federal Office for Civil Aviation
To ensure safe, airworthy and reliable civil aircraft operation (Swiss authority)
LBA Luftfahrt Bundesamt
(German authority)
Targets: Safety Airworthiness Reliability DGAC Direction Gnrale de lAviation Civile
(French authority)
CAA Civil Aviation Authority
(English authority)
Aviation FAA Federal Aviation Administration
Authorities (American authority)
International Operator Organisations

Design IATA International Air Transport Association
Operation Maintenance (Worldwide organisation of operators/airlines)
Certification 010
AEA Association of European Airlines
(European organisation of operators/airlines)
Switzerland started to take part in international aviation quite early. Bilateral agree-
Operator menst were signed already in 1919 with England and France, 1920 with Germany
and 1922 with Belgium.
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Copyright by SR Technics Switzerland For training purposes only Cat: A B1 B2 10.1 - 1
Role of International Civil Aviation Organisation

(ICAO)
The ICAO is a worldwide union of aviation authorities and a sub organisation of the
United Nations (UN). Its headquarter is based in Montreal, Canada. ICAO was es-
tablished on 7th December 1944 in Chicago and Switzerland became an ICAO
member in 1947.
The basic rules and guidelines of the ICAO are laid down in the Chicago Conven-
tion". The objective of ICAO is to harmonise legal requirements as well as stand-
ards and procedures for the civil aviation industry worldwide. Different standards
are published as annexes to the Chicago Convention. These regulations are
meant as a minimum standard and are issued as recommendations. They are rec-
ognised partially or with the full content by the civil aviation authorities.
The most significant annexes of the Chicago Convention are listed below:
Table 1:
Annex 1 Personal Licensing
Annex 6 Aircraft Operation
Annex 7 Aircraft Nationality and Registration Marks
Annex 8 Airworthiness of Aircraft
Annex 10 Aeronautical Telecommunications

Volume I Part I : Equipment and Systems
Part II : Radio Frequencies
Annex 13 Aircraft Accident and Incident Investigation
Annex 16 Environmental Protection

Volume I : Aircraft Noise
Volume II : Aircraft Engine Emissions
Annex 18 The Safe Transport of Dangerous Goods by Air

Role of European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) from the general budget of the European Union, its expenditure remains subject to
the normal EU financial checks and procedures.
What is the Agency?
Who was looking after aviation safety until now?
EASA is one of the European Community's 15 agencies. Agencies are distinct
from the Community Institutions (Council, Parliament, Commission, etc.) and have Except for the limited rules established by the Community in the field of airworthi-
their own legal personality. They are set up by an act of secondary legislation (the ness and maintenance through Regulation 3922/91, Member States were respon-
Basic regulation) in order to accomplish a very specific technical, scientific or man- sible for the regulation of civil aviation safety. Although they did their best to
agerial task which is specified in that act. EASA has been given defined responsi- harmonise their requirements and practices in the Joint Aviation Authorities (JAA),
bilities and tasks with respect to civil aviation safety and environmental based in Hoofddorp the Netherlands, this system led to differing interpretations of
sustainability. harmonised standards, which adversely affected the efficiency of regulation and
increased compliance costs for the sector. Although the European Commission
What does the Agency do? has been closely associated with the JAA process, it is hoped that a transition to
the EASA system and decision-making based on the European Community meth-
Regulation 1592/2002 (the 'Basic Regulation') does two things: it sets out a od will mark a significant improvement in the execution of certification and rule-
number of common principles and requirements for civil aviation safety and envi- making tasks. It should also reduce fragmentation at the international level, by
ronmental sustainability. It also sets up the European Aviation Safety Agency,
providing the international aviation community with a European interlocutor with
which is to carry out certain functions as detailed in the Regulation itself. In this enhanced authority and credibility.
sense, 'aviation safety' comprises airworthiness standards for all types of aircraft,
as well as common safety standards for organisations and people which are re- JAA's work started in 1970. Originally its objectives were only to produce common
sponsible for aircraft design, manufacture and maintenance. It should be noted certification requirements for large aeroplanes and for engines. This was to meet
that the Agency's role does not yet extend to issues related to the approval of air the needs of European industry particularly for products manufactured by interna-
operators nor the issuing of air crew licences. A consultation on the extension of tional organisations (like Airbus). Since 1987 its work has been extended to de-
the scope of the Basic Regulation to these subjects was launched on the EASA sign, production, certification, operation, maintenance and licensing for all classes
website on 1st May 2004. It does not encompass air traffic management (ATM) or of aircraft and engines. Common procedures and approval requirements have
questions related to civil aviation security (e.g. airport security measures, counter- been introduced in these fields of the civil aviation industry. A single joint certifica-
terrorism) either, even though both of these subjects are frequently associated tion team working on behalf of all JAA countries was introduced for certification of
with the notion of 'aviation safety'. new aircraft and engines. After the successful completion of the evaluations, Type
Certificates are issued simulateously and on a common basis by all JAA member
Where is the Agency located? states.
The Agency was temporarily based in Brussels, but moved to Cologne, its defini- JAA membership is based on signing the "JAA arrangements document", which
tive headquarters, on 2nd November 2004. The address of the EASA headquar- was first signed on September 11, 1990 in Cyprus by the then active 15 member
ters in Cologne is published on the EASA web site. (www.easa.eu.int) states. The text of the arrangement includes the following wording:
ARRANGEMENT CONCERNING THE DEVELOPMENT, THE ACCEPTANCE
Who is in charge of the Agency? AND THE IMPLEMENTATION OF JOINT AVIATION REQUIREMENTS (JAR)
EASA is headed by an Executive Director, Mr. Patrick Goudou, who is responsible
With this arrangement the JAA member aviation authorities commit themselves to
for all questions related to civil aviation safety and environmental sustainability fall-
ing within the Agency's remit. The work of the Agency is overseen by a Manage- introducing the Joint Aviation Requirements (JAR) as obligatory regulations within
ment Board, which represents EU Member States and the European Commission. their countries. Introduction dates are thereby determined depending upon the sta-
tus of the JAR.
The Executive Director is also answerable to the European Parliament and the
Council of the European Union and since a part of the Agency's budget is derived

The headquarter of the JAA is based in Hoofdorp, Netherlands. Contact can be Since these decisions directly affect people and organisations, the Regulation cre-
made via the JAA web site www.jaa.nl. ates an independent Board of Appeal whose role is to check that the Executive
Director has correctly applied European legislation in this field.
Why is a new Agency needed to look after aviation safety? The Executive Director is appointed by the Agency's Management Board. The
Basic Regulation establishes common requirements for the regulation of civil avi- Board, which brings together representatives of the Member States and the Com-
ation safety and environmental sustainability and gives the Commission powers to mission, is responsible for the definition of the Agency's priorities, the establish-
adopt detailed rules for its implementation, there is a need for appropriate exper- ment of the budget and for monitoring the Agency's operation. A full list of the
tise to prepare such rules and verify their implementation at national level. It also Agency Management Board members is available in the library section of the web-
appeared from past experience that common rules do not ensure uniform imple- site.
mentation in domains where technical discretion must be given to the certificating
entities and that in such cases the centralisation of certification tasks is the only The Advisory Body of Interested Parties assists the Management Board in its
effective way to achieve the desired uniform level of protection. Such are the rea- work. It comprises organisations representing aviation personnel, manufacturers,
commercial and general aviation operators, maintenance industry, training organ-
sons behind the creation of a Community Agency. That option was strongly sup-
ported by all interested parties. It also ensures that safety-related measures isations and air sports.
remain free of any political interference which might prejudice the current high
standard of civil aviation safety enjoyed in Europe. The Agency has been designed
in order to ensure a degree of separation between the political process (the role
played by the European Commission, Council and Parliament in drafting and en-
acting legislation relating to aviation safety) on the one hand, and the design and
implementation of the technical measures necessary for safety, on the other. This
explains why the Executive Director is granted independence in decisionmaking
relating to the safety issues under the Agency's responsibility. This, however, is
without prejudice to the chain of accountability to which the Agency and its Exec-
utive Director are subject.
Is it correct that if an aircraft is certified in a EU country, it will be

already certified on the remaining country members?
Yes, when an aircraft is certified in a EU country, it will be already certified on the
remaining EU Member States, this is in line with article 8 of the EASA founding
Regulation.
EASA Organisation
In order to ensure that decisions on safety issues are free from all political interfer-
ence, decisions must be in the hands of a neutral and independent decision maker
invested with the necessary powers. This is why the safety decisions of the agency
will be taken by its Executive Director, as is already the case in most countries
which have developed systems for aviation safety regulation.

Figure 1: Organisational Chart
European Aviation Safety Agency

Agence Europenne de la Scurit Arienne
Europische Agentur fr Flugsicherheit Executiv e Director
P. Goudou
Policy Officer s
Safety Analysis &

Research
Communications
Rulemaking Directorat e Certification Directorate Quality & Standar disation Administrative Directorat e
Dir ector at e
C. Probst N. Lohl F. Banal M. Junkkari
Environment al
Programmes Standardisation Finance & Procurement
Protection
Int ernational
Products Quality Auditing Human Resources
Cooperation
Flight St andards Organisations Technical Tr aining Legal Service
Products Safety ICT
Last update: 20 September 2004

EASA Milestones
2nd November 2004: move of EASA to Cologne
From 2004: Proposals on Essential Requirements and Implementing Rules
for Air Operations and Flight Crew Licensing
Early 2004: Appointment of Directors and first technical staff
11/12/2003: First EASA Type Certificate delivery
02/12/2003: Service contract signed between EASA and the CJAA
28/11/2003: EASA is operational for continuing airworthiness
20/11/2003: Commission Regulation (EC) 2042/2003 on continuing airworthi-
ness
25/11/2003: EASA signs the Cyprus Arrangement (JAA membership)
28/09/2003: EASA is operational for certification of aircraft, engines, parts and
appliances
24/09/2003: Commission Regulation (EC)1702/2003 on airworthiness and
environmental certification
01/09/2003: Appointment of the Executive Director
15/07/2002: EASA's creation (Regulation (EC) 1592/2002 of the European
Parliament and of the Council)

EASA Regulation g) large aircraft means an aircraft, classified as an aeroplane with a maxi-
mum take-off mass of more than 5 700 kg, or a multi-engined helicopter;
BASIC REGULATION (EC) No 1592/2002 OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT h) maintenance means any one or combination of overhaul, repair, inspec-
AND OF THE COUNCIL of 15 July 2002 on common rules in the field of civil avi- tion, replacement, modification or defect rectification of an aircraft or
ation and establishing a European Aviation Safety Agency component, with the exception of pre-flight inspection;
COMMISSION REGULATION (EC) No 2042/2003 of 20 November 2003 on the i) organisation means a natural person, a legal person or part of a legal
continuing airworthiness of aircraft and aeronautical products, parts and applianc- person. Such an organisation may be established at more than one loca-
es, and on the approval of organisations and personnel involved in these tasks tion whether or not within the territory of the Member States;
j) pre-flight inspection means the inspection carried out before flight to en-
Article 1 sure that the aircraft is fit for the intended flight.
Objective and Scope Article 3
1. This Regulation establishes common technical requirements and administra-
tive procedures for ensuring the continuing airworthiness of aircraft, including Continuing Airworthiness Requirements
any component for installation thereto, which are: 1. The continuing airworthiness of aircraft and components shall be ensured in
a) registered in a Member State; or accordance with the provisions of Annex I.
b) registered in a third country and used by an operator for which a Member 2. Organisations and personnel involved in the continuing airworthiness of air-
State ensures oversight of operations. craft and components, including maintenance, shall comply with the provi-
2. Paragraph 1 shall not apply to aircraft the regulatory safety oversight of which sions of Annex I and where appropriate those specified in Articles 4 and 5.
has been transferred to a third country and which are not used by a Commu- 3. By derogation from paragraph 1, the continuing airworthiness of aircraft hold-
nity operator, or to aircraft referred to in Annex II to the basic Regulation. ing a permit to fly shall, without prejudice to Community law, be ensured on
3. The provisions of this Regulation related to commercial air transport are ap- the basis of the national regulations of the State of registry.
plicable to licensed air carriers as defined by Community law.
Article 4
Article 2
Maintenance Organisation Approvals
Definitions 1. Organisations involved in the maintenance of large aircraft or of aircraft used
Within the scope of the basic Regulation, the following definitions shall apply: for commercial air transport, and components intended for fitment thereto,
a) aircraft means any machine that can derive support in the atm of the air shall be approved in accordance with the provisions of Annex II.
against the earth's surface; 2. Maintenance approvals issued or recognised by a Member State in accord-
b) certifying staff means personnel responsible for the release of an aircraft ance with the JAA requirements and procedures and valid before the entry
or a component after maintenance; into force of this Regulation shall be deemed to have been issued in accord-
c) component means any engine, propeller, part or appliance; ance with this Regulation.
d) continuing airworthiness means all of the processes ensuring that, at For this purpose, by derogation from the provisions of 145.B.50(2) under An-
any time in its operating life, the aircraft complies with the airworthiness nex II, level 2 findings associated with the differences between JAR 145 and
requirements in force and is in a condition for safe operation; Annex II may be closed within one year. Certificates of release to service and
e) JAA means Joint Aviation Authorities; authorised release certificates issued by an organisation approved under JAA
f) JAR means Joint Aviation Requirements;

requirements during that one-year period shall be deemed to have been is- Article 7
sued under this Regulation.
3. Personnel qualified to carry out and/or control a continued airworthiness non-
Entry into Force
destructive test of aircraft structures and/or components, on the basis of any 1. This Regulation shall enter into force on the day following that of its publica-
standard recognised by a Member State prior to the entry into force of this tion in the Official Journal of the European Union.
Regulation as providing an equivalent level of qualification, may continue to 2. By way of derogation from paragraph 1 the provisions of Annex I, except for
carry out and/or control such tests. M.A.201(h)(2) and M.A.708(c) shall apply as from 28 September 2005.
Article 5 3. By way of derogation from paragraph 1 and 2, Member States may elect not
to apply:
Certifying Staff a) the provisions of Annex I to aircraft not involved in commercial air trans-
1. Certifying staff shall be qualified in accordance with the provisions of Annex port, until 28 September 2008;
III, except as provided for in M.A.607(b) and M.A.803 of Annex I and in b) the provisions of Annex I(I) to aircraft involved in commercial air trans-
145.A.30(j) of and Appendix IV to Annex II. port, until 28 September 2008;
2. Any aircraft maintenance licence and if any, the technical limitations associat- c) the following provisions of Annex II, until 28 September 2006:
ed with that licence, issued or recognised by a Member State in accordance 145.A.30(e), human factors elements,
with the JAA requirements and procedures and valid at the time of entry into 145.A.30(g) as applicable to large aircraft with a maximum take-off
force of this Regulation, shall be deemed to have been issued in accordance mass of more than 5 700 kg,
with this Regulation. 145.A.30(h)(1) as applicable to aircraft with a maximum take-off
mass of more than 5 700 kg,
Article 6
145.A.30(j)(1), Appendix IV,
Training Organisation Requirements 145.A.30(j)(2), Appendix IV;
1. Organisations involved in the training of personnel referred to in Article 5 shall d) the following provisions of Annex II, until 28 September 2008:
be approved in accordance with Annex IV to be entitled: 145.A.30(g) as applicable to aircraft with a maximum take-off mass
a) (a) to conduct recognised basic training courses; and/or of 5 700 kg or below,
b) (b) to conduct recognised type training courses; and 145.A.30(h)(1) as applicable to aircraft with a maximum take-off
c) (c) to conduct examinations; and mass of 5 700 kg or below,
d) (d) to issue training certificates. 145.A.30(h)(2);
e) the provisions of Annex III, as applicable to aircraft with a maximum take-
2. Any maintenance training organisation approval issued or recognised by a
off mass above 5 700 kg until 28 September 2005;
Member State in accordance with the JAA requirements and procedures and
valid at the time of entry into force of this Regulation shall be deemed to have f) the provisions of Annex III, as applicable to aircraft with a maximum take-
been issued in accordance with this Regulation. For this purpose, by deroga- off mass of 5 700 kg or below until 28 September 2006.
tion from the provisions of 147.B.130(b) under Annex IV, level 2 findings as- 4. Member States may issue approvals with regard to Annex II and Annex IV of
sociated with the differences between JAR 147 and Annex IV may be closed a limited duration until 28 September 2005.
within one year. 5. When a Member State makes use of the provisions of paragraphs 3 or 4 it
shall notify the Commission and the Agency.

6. The Agency shall make an evaluation of the implication of the provisions of

Annex I to this Regulation with a view to submitting an opinion to the Commis-
sion, including possible amendments to it, before 28 March 2005.
Commission regulation (EC) No 2042/2003 of november 2003 shall be binding in
its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States.
Annex I : Part-M
Annex II: Part-145
Annex III: Part-66
Annex IV: Part-147
COMMISSION REGULATION (EC) No 1702/2003 of 24 September 2003 laying
down implementing rules for the airworthiness and environmental certification of
aircraft and related products, parts and appliances, as well as for the certification
of design and production organisations
Annex: Part-21

Figure 2: EASA Regulation
Basic Regulation (EC) Amended by:

- 1643/2003
1592 / 2002 - 1701/2003
Implementing Rules Implementing Rules

(Reg 1702/2003) (Reg 2042/2003)
Part 21 EASA Forms Part M Full Document
Part 145 Appendices
Part 66
Part 147
Part 21 Certification
Specifications Part M - Continuing Airworthiness
AMC/GM (Airworthiness
Acceptable means of compliance and
Codes)
Guidance material
Part 145 - Maintenance Organisation

approvals
Acceptable means of compliance
Guidance material
Part 66 - Certifying staff

Guidance material
Part 147 -Training organisation

requirements
Guidance material

Figure 3: EASA Implementing Rules/Certification Specifications
Maintaining the given Certification Standard
Maintaining aircraft based on

operators requirement
Certification Operation Maintenance

PART-21 PART-66
Certification
Procedure for Aircraft, Certifying Staff
Products and Parts JAR-OPS 1 PART-145
CS-25 Commercial Air
Maintenance Org.
Large Aircraft Transportation
Aircraft
PART-147
CS-29 Maint. Training
Large Rotorcraft Organisations
JAR-OPS 1
Subpart M
JAR-OPS 3
Commercial Air
Transportation
Helicopters
PART-M
Continuing
Airworthiness
EASA/JAA Homepage:
www.easa.eu.int
www.jaa.nl

Overview Regulation and Corresponding Documents

EASA Part 145
Maintenance Organisation Exposition (MOE)
EASA Part 145 Approval Certificate
EASA Part 145 Certification Authorisation
EASA Part 145 Authorised Release Certificate (EASA FORM 1)
EASA Part 66
Aircraft Maintenance Licence
EASA Part 147
Maintenance Training Organisation Exposition (MTOE)
EASA Part 147 Approval Certificate
JAR-OPS 1
Maintenance Management Exposition (MME)
Air Operator Certificate (AOC)
EASA Part 21
Design Organisation Handbook (DOH)
National Design Organisation Approval (NDO)
Design Organisation Approval (DOA)
Production Organisation Exposition (POE)
Production Organisation Approval (POA)

EASA Member States Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Austria Iceland
Belgium Lichtenstein
Cyprus Moldova
Czech Republic Monaco
Denmark Norway
Estonia Romania
Finland Russia
France San Marino
Germany Serbia and Montenegro
Greece Switzerland
Hungary Turkey
Ireland Ukraine
Italy Vatican City
Lativa
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Malta
Poland
Portugal
Slovakia
Slovenia
Spain
Sweden
The Netherlands
United Kingdom
Other European Countries

Albania
Andorra
Belarus
Bosnia-Herzegovina
Bulgaria
Croatia

Relationship with other Aviation Authorities Other Aviation Authorities

Approved Maintenance Organsations (AMO) may be holder of Approval Certifi-
International Working Arrangements cates from different authorities (countries). The scope of work is then shown on the
individual Approval Certificate. Only the maintenance work specified on the Ap-
proval Certificate may be performed on aircraft and aircraft components.
Working Arrangements
Authorities have different requirements as for Line Maintenance some require an
CYPRUS Protocol EASA-JAA Approval Certificate and some dont. To perform Base Maintenance an Approval
ARRANGEMENTS Certificate is generally a prerequisite.
Cyprus Arrangements
Basically the rules and regulations of the state, where the aircraft is registered, al-
CANADA Administrative Arrangement between EASA and Trans- ways apply.
port Canada
Certification Relation between Approval Certificate and Aircraft Registration
Maintenance The basic parameter to define under which Approval Certificate an aircraft must
be maintained and released is the aircraft registration, which is assigned to each
BRAZIL Administrative Arrangement between EASA and aircraft around the world.
the Brazilian authorities
An aircraft which is registered in Switzerland (i.e. HB-XXX) may only be main-
US Executive Directors Decision 2004/01/RM on the tained in Switzerland by a Maintenance Organisation which is approved by the
acceptance of design changes and repairs to prod- Swiss FOCA respectively EASA for this aircraft type including the necessary class
ucts designed in the USA rating.
With the formation of the JAA/EASA and the resulting mutual recognition a Swiss
RUSSIA Working arrangement on airworthiness
registered aircraft may also be maintained by each Maintenance Organisation ap-
proved by a JAA/EASA member state. This means also, that an Approved Main-
tenance Organisation in Switzerland may maintain aircraft registered in the JAA/
EASA member states. As a prerequisite it is always required to have the neces-
sary class rating on the Approval Certificate.
If an operator has an aircraft registered in the USA (N-registered) the Approved
Maintenance Organisation, which wishes to maintain this aircraft, must be ap-
proved by the Federal Aviation Administration/FAA of the United States of Ameri-
ca. Requirements setup by the FAA in their Codes of Federal Regulations (CFR)
must be fulfilled and followed when maintaining such an aircraft. Procedures and
forms must be adapted to the include the FAA requirements.
Depending on the customer base and the requirements of the Aviation Authorities
an Approved Maintenence Organisation may have several Approval Certificates to
be able to offer and perform their services on different markets around the world.
As a general rule, this Approval Certificates must be visible to the employees.

Relationship between Approved Maintenance

Organisation, Authority and Operator
Usually there are communications between customer, maintenance organisation Maintenance Organisation - Customer - Authorities
and the respective aviation authority. A direct contact to a foreign aviation author-
ities takes place only in connection with a repair station certificate request.
Work for customers is usually executed in agreement with EASA PART-145, 14
CFR PART-145 (N-registered aircraft) or other National Aviation Authority require-
ments. The workscope must be clearly defined in a contract between the approved Cooperation
maintenance organisation and the customer. The customer is committed to indi-
cate special requirements of its aviation authority to the maintenance organisation.
Authority of
Maintenance
Switzerland
Organisation
FOCA (BAZL)
Authority of
Customer
Customer

Swiss Civil Aviation Organisation

Figure 4: Organisation within the Swiss government
Federal Aeronautical
Federal Council
Commission
Federal Department of
Office of Aeronautical
Environment, Transport, Energy and
Accident Investigation
Communication (DETEC)
Federal Office for Civil Aviation

FOCA
Definition: - Overview of the operation and maintenance activities

- Coordination and support of aviation
- Law and requirements
- Aviation planning and control

Responsibilities and Organisation of the FOCA

The Swiss Federal Office for Civil Aviation/FOCA (Bundesamt fr Zivilluftfahrt/BA-
ZL, Office fdral de laviation civile/OFAC, Ufficio federale dellaviazione civile/
UFAC) is responsible for the implementation of the aviation laws as well as the
oversight of the civil aviation within Switzerland. Mainly three elements belong to
the civil aviation: The aviation personnel, aircraft and other flying objects and the
infrastructure.
For the aviation personnel the FOCA makes sure, that the pilots, the cabin crews
and the maintenance personnel get the necessary basic and follow-up training as
required and based on best practice.
The FOCA defines the technical requirements for all flying objects- from aircraft to
the balloon -for a save and environment friendly operation used for commercial as
well as private reasons.
The infrastructure covers airports, airfields, heliports, air traffic structure, naviga-
tion and the national aviation plan as well as the Swiss air space. In all these areas
the FOCA takes care of a smooth and efficent use of the infrastructure and their
development in the future.
In the year 2004 the FOCA had 194 employees and a budget of 75 Million Swiss
Francs.
Note: The FOCA itself is not a law making organisation. All Swiss aviation
laws are issued by the Departement of Environment, Transport, Energy and
Communication (DETEC). The FOCA is the implementing and supervisory or-
ganisation.
FOCA Homepage:
www.aviation.admin.ch/

Figure 5: Organisation of Swiss FOCA (1 of 1)
Organigramm BAZL
Direktor Raymond Cron
Direktionsstab
Sicherheits- und Matthias Suhr
Risikomanagement
Ryan Hunninghaus
Kommunikation
Daniel Gring
Sicherheit Sicherheit Sicherheit Ressourcen

Luftfahrtentwicklung Flugtechnik und Logistik
M. Zuckschwerdt
Marcel C. Hegner
Christian Hegner Flugbetrieb Werner Bsch
Infrastruktur Daniel Gschwind Christoph Zirjen
Standardisierung und Standardisierung, Standardisierung und Standardisierung und

Sanktionswesen Sanktionswesen Personal
Grundlagen Max Schulthess Sanktionswesen Daniel Hgli
und Register Valrie Borer Daniel Ruhier Cornelia Wepf
Sachplan und Entwicklung und Zulassung Flugpltze und

Anlagen Herstellung Philippe Voisard Flugbetrieb Luftfahrthindernisse Finanzen
Roger Bosonnet Tiziano Ponseggi Roger Ritz Lilo Andrey
Unterhaltsbetriebe Aufsicht
Luftraum und -personal Flugbetrieb Schutzmassnahmen Informatik
Kurt Maser Arnold Gunzenhauser Stephan Eder Cornelia Steinmann vakant
Umwelt Lufttchtigkeit Flugbetrieb Flugsicherung Logistik

Urs Ziegler
Flugmaterial Martin Hirzel
Helikopter Claudio Pacozzi Ren Aebersold Ren Grnig
Recht und Lufttchtigkeits-

Internationales organisation Flugpersonal
Urs Haldimann Flugbetriebe Karlheinz Lenzke Ueli Herren
Wirtschaftsfragen Flugrztlicher Dienst

vakant Severin Muff
Mitglied der Amtsleitung
Bundesamt f r Zivilluftfahrt (BAZL) Policy-relevant Safety-relevant Untersttzung

Swiss Regulatory Framework

Rules for all aspects of civil aviation in Switzerland are contained in different laws
and regulations. They are classified under section 748. The most important for VJAR-66/ Regulation for certifying staff - maintenance
technical staff are: OJAR-66 Contains the requirements for authorised certifying staff to
748.127.22 issue a certificate of release to service for aircraft above
VLL / ONAE 5700 kg or aircraft components on behalf of a JAR-145 ap-
proved maintenance organisation
VUP / OPEA
VJAR-145/ Regulation for approved maintenance organisations
VJAR-147 / OJAR-147 OJAR-145 Contains the requirements for approved maintenance
VJAR-145 / OJAR-145 748.127.3 organisations when performing maintenance on aircraft
above 5700 kg used for commercial air transport or aircraft
VJAR-66 / OJAR-66 components
VJAR-OPS / OJAR-OPS VJAR-147/ Regulation for approved maintenance training/exami-
OJAR-147 nations organisations
748.127.23 Contains the requirements for approved maintenance train-
LFV / OSAV ing/examinations organisations when performing training/
examinations in accordance with JAR-66
VUP/OPEA Regulation for certifying staff

748.127.2 Contains the requirements for authorised certifying staff to
LFG / LA issue a certificate of release to service for aircraft below
5700 kg or aircraft components
VLL/ONAE Regulation for the airworthiness of aircraft

748.215.1 Contains the certification procedure for aircraft, related
products and parts in agreement with JAR-145 and JAR-21
LFG/LA Federal Aviation Law
748.0 Regulates concessions, entries in aircraft registers, docu-
ments of identification for aircraft etc..
LFV/OSAV Aviation Regulation

748.01 Procedures of admission, concession and obligations.
VJAR-OPS/ Regulation of Aircraft Operation

OJAR-OPS Regulates the requirements to perform commercial air
748.127.1 transport operations

Technical Communication System used by FOCA Figure 6: Example of TM-W Nr. 02.050-10
The technical communication system is a tool to distribute additional information
or explanations concerning rules and regulations to the Swiss aviation industry.
They are issued in German and French language under the following names:
TM: Technische Mitteilung
CT: Communication Technique
Distribution will either be general or selective, as required.
The Technical Communication System is devided into four categories:
Technische Mitteilung "Weisung" (TM-W): LAW
This form has to be considered as compulsory. It always contains however a
clause to give the receiver a possibility to file a complaint against the contents.
It is printed on blue paper and can be compared with an Alert Service Bulletin
(ASB) from the manufacturer.
Technische Mitteilung "Richtlinie" (TM-R): ACCEPTABLE MEANS OF
COMPLIANCE
This is self explanatory and contains ways and means how to comply with reg-
ulations. It is printed on white paper.
Technische Mitteilung "Mitteilung" (TM-M): COMMUNICATION
Technical information of general nature and not compulsory. It is printed on
white paper.
Technische Mitteilung "Information" (TM-INFO): SHORT INFO
For general info only. It is printed on green paper.
The expressions in French language are as follows:

TM-W: Communication Technique "Instruction" (CT-I)
TM-R: Communication Technique "Directives" (CT-D)
TM-M: Communication Technique "Communication" (CT-C)
TM-INFO: Communication Technique "Information" (CT-INFO)

Figure 7: Example of CT-I no. F 02.050-10


Training Manual 10.2 Part-66 Certifying Staff - Maintenance
10.2 Part-66 Certifying Staff - Maintenance

Overview
SECTION A
SUBPART A: 66.A.1 Scope

AIRCRAFT MAINTENANCE LICENCE AERO-
PLANES AND HELICOPTERS
66.A.10 Application
66.A.15 Eligibility
66.A.20 Privileges
66.A.25 Basic knowledge requirements
66.A.30 Experience requirements
66.A.40 Continued validity of the aircraft maintenance licence
66.A.45 Type/task training and ratings
66.A.70 Conversion provisions
SUBPART B: 66.A.100 General

AIRCRAFT OTHER THAN AEROPLANES AND
HELICOPTERS
SUBPART C: 66.A.200 General

COMPONENTS
SECTION B:
PROCEDURE FOR COMPETENT AUTHORITIES
SUBPART A: 66.B.05 Scope

GENERAL
66.B.10 Competent authority
66.B.15 Acceptable means of compliance
66.B.20 Record-keeping

66.B.25 Mutual exchange of information
66.B.30 Exemptions
SUBPART B 66.B.100 Procedure for the issue of an aircraft maintenance licence by

ISSUE OF AN AIRCRAFT MAINTENANCE the competent authority
LICENCE
66.B.105 Procedure for the issue of an aircraft maintenance licence via

the Part-145 approved maintenance organisation
66.B.110 Procedure for the amendment of an aircraft maintenance

licence to include an additional basic cate-gory or subcategory
66.B.115 Procedure for the amendment of an aircraft maintenance

licence to include an aircraft type or group
66.B.120 Procedure for the renewal of an aircraft maintenance licence

validity
SUBPART C: 66.B.200 Examination by the competent authority

EXAMINATIONS
SUBPART D: 66.B.300 General

CONVERSION OF NATIONAL QUALIFICATIONS
66.B.305 Conversion report for national qualifications
66.B.310 Conversion report for approved maintenance organisations

authorisations
SUBPART E: 66.B.400 General

EXAMINATION CREDITS
66.B.405 Examination credit report
SUBPART F: 66.B.500 Revocation, suspension or limitation of the aircraft mainte-

REVOCATION, SUSPENSION OR LIMITATION nance licence
OF THE AIRCRAFT MAINTENANCE LICENCE
Appendix I (shown partially)

Basic knowledge requirements

Appendix II (not shown)

Basic Examination Standard
Appendix III (not shown)

Type training and Examination Standard
Appendix IV (not shown)

Experience requirements for extending a Part-
66 Aircraft Maintenance Licence
Appendix V (not shown)

Application Form and Example of Licence For-
mat
Annex IV Appendix I (not shown)

Acceptable Means of Compliance to PART-66 AIRCRAFT TYPE RATINGS FOR PART-66 AIRCRAFT MAINTENANCE
LICENCE

AIRCRAFT TYPE PRACTICAL EXPERIENCE, LIST OF TASKS
Annex V (not shown)

Guidance Material to Part-66
66.1
For the purpose of this Part, the competent authority shall be the authority desig-
nated by the Member State to whom a person applies for the issuance of an air-
craft maintenance licence.

Section A tenance and simple defect rectification within the limits of tasks spe-
cifically endorsed on the authorisation. The certification privileges
Subpart A shall be restricted to work that the licence holder has personally per-
formed in a Part-145 organisation.
Aircraft Maintenance Licence Aeroplanes and Helicopters 2) A category B1 aircraft maintenance licence shall permit the holder to
issue certificates of release to service following maintenance, includ-
66.A.1 Scope ing aircraft structure, powerplant and mechanical and electrical sys-
tems. Replacement of avionic line replaceable units, requiring simple
a) This section establishes the requirements for the issue of an aircraft
tests to prove their serviceability, shall also be included in the privi-
maintenance licence and conditions of its validity and use, for aeroplanes
leges. Category B1 shall automatically include the appropriate A
and helicopters of the following categories:
subcategory.
Category A
3) A category B2 aircraft maintenance licence shall permit the holder to
Category B1 issue certificates of release to service following maintenance on av-
Category B2 ionic and electrical systems.
Category C 4) A category C aircraft maintenance licence shall permit the holder to
b) Categories A and B1 are subdivided into subcategories relative to com- issue certificates of release to service following base maintenance
binations of aeroplanes, helicopters, turbine and piston engines. The on aircraft. The privileges apply to the aircraft in its entirety in a Part-
subcategories are: 145 organisation.
A1 and B1.1 Aeroplanes Turbine b) The holder of an aircraft maintenance licence may not exercise certifica-
A2 and B1.2 Aeroplanes Piston tion privileges unless:
A3 and B1.3 Helicopters Turbine 1) in compliance with the applicable requirements of Part-M and/or
A4 and B1.4 Helicopters Piston Part-145.
2) in the preceding two-year period he/she has, either had six months
66.A.10 Application of maintenance experience in accordance with the privileges granted
An application for an aircraft maintenance licence or amendment to such licence by the aircraft maintenance licence or, met the provision for the issue
shall be made on EASA Form 19 and in a manner established by the competent of the appropriate privileges.
authority and submitted thereto. An application for the amendment to an aircraft 3) he/she is able to read, write and communicate to an understandable
maintenance licence shall be made to the competent authority that issued the air- level in the language(s) in which the technical documentation and
craft maintenance licence. procedures necessary to support the issue of the certificate of re-
lease to service are written.
66.A.15 Eligibility
An applicant for an aircraft maintenance licence shall be at least 18 years of age.
66.A.25 Basic Knowledge Requirements
a) An applicant for an aircraft maintenance licence or the addition of a cat-
66.A.20 Privileges egory or subcategory to such an aircraft maintenance licence shall dem-
a) Subject to compliance with paragraph (b), the following privileges shall onstrate, by examination, a level of knowledge in the appropriate subject
apply: modules in accordance with Appendix I to this Part.
1) A category A aircraft maintenance licence permits the holder to issue The basic knowledge examinations shall be conducted by a training or-
certificates of release to service following minor scheduled line main- ganisation appropriately approved under Part- 147 or by the competent
authority.

b) Full or partial credit against the basic knowledge requirements and asso- three years of experience exercising category B1 or B.2 privileges on
ciated examination shall be given for any other technical qualification non large aircraft or as Part-145 B1 or B.2 support staff, or a combi-
considered by the competent authority to be equivalent to the knowledge nation of both; or
standard of this Part. Such credits shall be established in accordance 5) for category C obtained through the academic route:
with Section B, Subpart E of this Part. an applicant holding an academic degree in a technical discipline,
from a university or other higher educational institution recognised
66.A.30 Experience Requirements by the competent authority, three years of experience working in a
a) An applicant for an aircraft maintenance licence shall have acquired: civil aircraft maintenance environment on a representative selection
1) for category A and subcategories B1.2 and B1.4: of tasks directly associated with aircraft maintenance including six
i) three years of practical maintenance experience on operating months of observation of base maintenance tasks.
aircraft, if the applicant has no previous relevant technical train- b) An applicant for an extension to an aircraft maintenance licence shall
ing; or have a minimum civil aircraft maintenance experience requirement ap-
ii) two years of practical maintenance experience on operating air- propriate to the additional category or subcategory of licence applied for
craft and completion of training considered relevant by the com- as defined in Appendix IV to this Part.
petent authority as a skilled worker, in a technical trade; or c) For category A, B1 and B2 the experience must be practical which means
iii) one year of practical maintenance experience on operating air- being involved with a representative cross section of maintenance tasks
craft and completion of a Part-147 approved basic training on aircraft.
course. d) For all applicants, at least one year of the required experience must be
2) 2. for category B2 and subcategories B1.1 and B1.3: recent maintenance experience on aircraft of the category/subcategory
i) five years of practical maintenance experience on operating air- for which the initial aircraft maintenance licence is sought. For subse-
craft if the applicant has no previous relevant technical training; quent category/subcategory additions to an existing aircraft maintenance
or licence, the additional recent maintenance experience required may be
less than one year, but must be at least three months. The required ex-
ii) three years of practical maintenance experience on operating
perience must be dependent upon the difference between the licence
aircraft and completion of training considered relevant by the
category/subcategory held and applied for. Such additional experience
competent authority as a skilled worker, in a technical trade; or
must be typical of the new licence category/subcategory sought.
iii) two years of practical maintenance experience on operating air-
e) Notwithstanding paragraph (a), aircraft maintenance experience gained
craft and completion of a Part -147 approved basic training
outside a civil aircraft maintenance environment shall be accepted when
course.
such maintenance is equivalent to that required by this Part as estab-
3) for category C with respect to large aircraft: lished by the competent authority. Additional experience of civil aircraft
i) three years of experience exercising category B1.1, B1.3 or B2 maintenance shall, however, be required to ensure understanding of the
privileges on large aircraft or as Part-145 B1.1, B1.3 or B2 sup- civil aircraft maintenance environment.
port staff, or, a combination of both; or
ii) five years of experience exercising category B1.2 or B1.4 privi- 66.A.40 Continued Validity of the Aircraft Maintenance Licence
leges on large aircraft or as Part-145 B1.2 or B1.4 support staff, a) The aircraft maintenance licence becomes invalid five years after its last
or a combination of both; or issue or amendment, unless the holder submits his/her aircraft mainte-
4) for category C with respect to non large aircraft: nance licence to the competent authority that issued it, in order to verify
that the information contained in the licence is the same as that contained
in the competent authority records, pursuant to 66. B.120.

b) Any certification privileges based upon a aircraft maintenance licence be- thority, or the training organisation conducting the approved type training
comes invalid as soon as the aircraft maintenance licence is invalid. course.
c) The aircraft maintenance licence is only valid when issued and/or amend- g) Notwithstanding paragraph (b), for aircraft other than large aircraft, the
ed by the competent authority and when the holder has signed the docu- holder of a category B1 or B2 aircraft maintenance licence may also ex-
ment. ercise certification privileges, when the aircraft maintenance licence is
endorsed with the appropriate group ratings, or manufacturer group rat-
66.A.45 Type/Task Training and Ratings ings, unless the Agency has determined that the complexity of the aircraft
a) The holder of a category A aircraft maintenance licence may only exer- in question requires a type rating.
cise certification privileges on a specific aircraft type following the satis- 1) Manufacturer group ratings may be granted after complying with the
factory completion of the relevant category A aircraft task training carried type rating requirements of two aircraft types representative of the
out by an appropriately approved Part-145 or Part-147 organisation. The group from the same manufacturer.
training shall include practical hands on training and theoretical training 2) Full group ratings may be granted after complying with the type rat-
as appropriate for each task authorised. Satisfactory completion of training requirements of three aircraft types representative of the group
ing shall be demonstrated by an examination and/or by workplace as- from different manufacturers. However, no full group rating may be
sessment carried out by an appropriately approved Part-145 or Part-147 granted to B1 multiple turbine engine aeroplanes, where only manu-
organisation. facturer group rating applies.
b) Except as otherwise specified in paragraph (g), the holder of a category 3) The groups shall consist of the following:
B1, B2 or C aircraft maintenance licence shall only exercise certification
i) for category B1 or C:
privileges on a specific aircraft type when the aircraft maintenance li-
cence is endorsed with the appropriate aircraft type rating. helicopter piston engine
c) Except as otherwise specified in paragraph (h), ratings shall be granted helicopter turbine engine
following satisfactory completion of the relevant category B1, B2 or C air- aeroplane single piston engine - metal structure
craft type training approved by the competent authority or conducted by aeroplane multiple piston engines - metal structure
an appropriately approved Part-147 maintenance training organisation. aeroplane single piston engine - wooden structure
d) Category B1 and B2 approved type training shall include theoretical and aeroplane multiple piston engines - wooden structure
practical elements and consist of the appropriate course in relation to the aeroplane single piston engine - composite structure
66.A.20(a) privileges. Theoretical and practical training shall comply with
aeroplane multiple piston engines - composite structure
Appendix III to this Part.
aeroplane turbine - single engine
e) Category C approved type training shall comply with Appendix III to this
Part. In the case of a category C person qualified by holding an academic aeroplane turbine - multiple engine
degree as specified in 66.A.30(a), (5), the first relevant aircraft type the- ii) for category B2 or C:
oretical training shall be at the category B1 or B2 level. Practical training aeroplane
is not required. helicopter
f) Completion of approved aircraft type training, as required by paragraphs h) Notwithstanding paragraph (c), ratings on aircraft other than large aircraft
(b) to (e), shall be demonstrated by an examination. The examination may also be granted, subject to satisfactory completion of the relevant
shall comply with Appendix III to this Part. The examinations in respect of category B1, B2 or C aircraft type examination and demonstration of
category B1 or B2 or C aircraft type ratings shall be conducted by training practical experience on the aircraft type, unless the Agency has deter-
organisations appropriately approved under Part- 147, the competent au- mined that the aircraft is complex, where paragraph 3 approved type
training is required.

In the case of a category C ratings on aircraft other than large aircraft, for Subpart C
a person qualified by holding an academic degree as specified in 66.A.30
(a), (5), the first relevant aircraft type examination shall be at the category Components
B1 or B2 level.
1) Category B1, B2 and C approved type examinations must consist of 66.A.200 General
a mechanical examination for category B1 and an avionics examina- Until such time as this Part specifies a requirement for certifying components, the
tion for category B2 and both mechanical and avionics examination relevant Member State regulation shall apply.
for category C.
2) The examination shall comply with Appendix III to this Part. The ex-
amination shall be conducted by training organisations appropriately
approved under Part-147, or by the competent authority.
3) Aircraft type practical experience shall include a representative cross
section of maintenance activities relevant to the category.
66.A.70 Conversion Provisions

a) The holder of a certifying staff qualification valid in a Member State, prior
to the date of entry into force of this Part shall be issued an aircraft main-
tenance licence without further examination subject to the conditions
specified in 66.B.300.
b) A person undergoing a qualification process valid in a Member State, pri-
or to the date of entry into force of this Part may continue to be qualified.
The holder of a qualification gained following such qualification process
shall be issued an aircraft maintenance licence without further examina-
tion subject to the conditions specified in 66.B.300
c) Where necessary, the aircraft maintenance licence shall contain techni-
cal limitations in relation to the scope of the pre-existing qualification.
Subpart B
Aircraft other than Aeroplanes and Helicopters
66.A.100 General
Until such time as this Part specifies a requirement for certifying staff of aircraft
other than aeroplanes and helicopters, the relevant Member State regulation shall
apply.

Section B b) The records for the oversight of the Part shall include:
1) the application for an aircraft maintenance licence or change to that
licence, including all supporting documentation;
Procedure for Competent Authorities 2) a copy of the aircraft maintenance licence including any changes;
Subpart A 3) copies of all relevant correspondence;
4) details of any exemption and enforcement actions;
General 5) any report from other competent authorities relating to the aircraft
maintenance licence holder;
66.B.05 Scope 6) records of examinations conducted by the competent authority;
This section establishes the administrative requirements to be followed by the 7) aircraft maintenance licence conversion reports;
competent authorities in charge of the application and the enforcement of Section 8) examination credit reports.
A of this Part. c) Records referred to in paragraph (b), 1. to 5. shall be kept at least five
years after the end of the licence validity.
66.B.10 Competent Authority
d) Records referred to in paragraph (b), 6. shall be kept at least five years.
a) General
e) Records referred to in paragraph (b), 7. and 8. shall be kept for an unlim-
A Member State shall designate a competent authority with allocated re- ited period.
sponsibilities for the issuance, continuation, amendment, suspension or
revocation of licences. This competent authority shall establish docu- 66.B.25 Mutual Exchange of Information
mented procedures and an organisational structure. a) In order to contribute to the improvement of air safety, the competent au-
b) Resources thorities shall participate in a mutual exchange of all necessary informa-
The competent authority shall be appropriately staffed to carry out the re- tion in accordance with Article 11 of the basic Regulation.
quirements of this Part. b) Without prejudice to the competencies of the Member States, in the case
c) Procedures of a potential safety threat involving several Member States, the con-
cerned competent authorities shall assist each other in carrying out the
The competent authority shall establish procedures detailing how compli-
necessary oversight action.
ance with this Part is accomplished.
The procedures shall be reviewed and amended to ensure continued 66.B.30 Exemptions
compliance.
All exemptions granted in accordance with Article 10, 3. of the basic Regulation
66.B.15 Acceptable Means of Compliance shall be recorded and retained by the competent authority.
The Agency shall develop acceptable means of compliance that the Member Subpart B
States may use to establish compliance with this Part. When the acceptable
means of compliance are complied with, the related requirements of this Part shall Issue of an Aircraft Maintenance Licence
be considered as met.
This Subpart provides the procedures to be followed by the competent authority to
66.B.20 Record-Keeping issue or vary or to permit continuity of the aircraft maintenance licence.
a) The competent authority shall establish a system of record-keeping that
allows adequate traceability of the process to issue, revalidate, amend,
suspend or revoke each aircraft maintenance licence.

66.B.100 Procedure for the issue of an aircraft maintenance licence c) Where the applicant for amendment of the basic categories qualifies for
by the competent authority such variation via 66.B.100 in a Member State other than the Member
a) On receipt of EASA Form 19 and any supporting documentation, the State in which he/she first qualified, the application shall be sent to the
competent authority shall verify EASA Form 19 for completeness and en- Member State of first qualification.
sure that the experience claimed meets the requirement of this Part. d) Where the applicant for amendment of the basic categories qualifies for
b) The competent authority shall verify an applicant's examination status such variation via 66.B.105 in a Member State other than the Member
and/or confirm the validity of any credits to ensure that all required mod- State in which he/she first qualified, the Part-145 approved maintenance
ules of Appendix 1 have been met as required by this Part. organisation shall send the aircraft maintenance licence together with
EASA Form 19 to the Member State of first qualification for Member State
c) When satisfied that the applicant meets the standards of knowledge and
stamp and signature of the amendment or reissue of the licence.
experience required by this Part, the competent authority shall issue the
relevant aircraft maintenance licence to the applicant. The same informa- 66.B.115 Procedure for the amendment of an aircraft maintenance
tion shall be kept on competent authority file. licence to include an aircraft type or group
66.B.105 Procedure for the issue of an aircraft maintenance licence On receipt of a satisfactory EASA Form 19 and any supporting documentation
via the Part-145 approved maintenance organisation demonstrating compliance with the applicable type rating and/or group rating re-
a) A Part-145 maintenance organisation which has been authorised to carry quirements and the accompanying aircraft maintenance licence, the competent
out this activity by the competent authority may prepare the aircraft main- authority shall either endorse the applicant's aircraft maintenance licence with the
tenance licence on behalf of the competent authority or make recommen- aircraft type or group or reissue the said licence to include the aircraft type or
dations to the competent authority regarding the application from an group. The competent authority file shall be amended accordingly.
individual for a aircraft maintenance licence so that the competent author-
ity may prepare and issue such licence.
66.B.120 Procedure for the renewal of an aircraft maintenance licence
validity
b) The Part-145 maintenance organisation shall ensure compliance with
66.B.100 (a) and (b). In all cases, the competent authority shall issue the a) The holder of an aircraft maintenance licence shall complete the relevant
parts of EASA Form 19 and submit it with the holder's copy of the licence
aircraft maintenance licence to the applicant.
to the competent authority that issued the original aircraft maintenance li-
66.B.110 Procedure for the amendment of an aircraft maintenance cence, unless the Part-145 approved maintenance organisation has a
licence to include an additional basic category or procedure in its exposition whereby such organisation may submit the
subcategory necessary documentation on behalf of the aircraft maintenance licence
holder.
a) In addition to the documents required under 66.B.100 or 66.B.105, as ap-
propriate, the applicant for additional basic categories or subcategories b) The competent authority shall compare the holder's aircraft maintenance
to an aircraft maintenance licence shall submit his/her current original air- licence with the competent authority file and verify any pending revoca-
craft maintenance licence to the competent authority together with EASA tion, suspension or variation action pursuant to 66.B.500. If the docu-
Form 19. ments are identical and no action is pending pursuant to 66. B.500, the
holder's copy shall be renewed for five years and the file endorsed ac-
b) At the completion of the procedure as specified in 66.B.100 or 66.B.105, cordingly.
the competent authority shall endorse the additional basic category or
subcategory on the aircraft maintenance licence by stamp and signature c) If the competent authority file is different from the aircraft maintenance li-
or reissue the licence. The competent authority file shall be amended ac- cence held by the licence holder:
cordingly.

1) the competent authority shall investigate the reasons for such differ- They may not speak to any person other than the examiner.
ences and may choose not to renew the aircraft maintenance li- i) Candidates who are proven to be cheating shall be banned from taking
cence. any further examination within 12 months of the date of the examination
2) the competent authority shall inform both the licence holder and any in which they were found cheating.
known Part-145 or Part-M approved maintenance organisation af-
fected of such fact and shall, if necessary, take action under para- Subpart D
graph 66.B.500 to revoke, suspend or amend the licence in question.
Conversion of National Qualifications
Subpart C This Subpart provides the requirements for converting national qualifications to
aircraft maintenance licences.
Examinations
This Subpart provides the procedure for examinations conducted by the compe- 66.B.300 General
tent authority. a) The competent authority may only perform the conversion specified in
66.A.70 in accordance with a conversion report prepared pursuant to par-
66.B.200 Examination by the competent authority agraph 66.B.305 or 66.B.310, as applicable.
a) All examination questions shall be kept in a secure manner prior to an ex- b) The conversion report shall be either developed by the competent author-
amination, to ensure that candidates will not know which particular ques- ity or approved by the competent authority.
tions will form the basis of the examination. The competent authority shall
nominate those persons who control the questions to be used for each 66.B.305 Conversion report for national qualifications
examination. The report shall describe the scope of each type of qualification and show to which
b) The competent authority shall appoint examiners who shall be present aircraft maintenance licence it will be converted, which limitation will be added and
during all examinations to ensure the integrity of the examination. the Part-66 module/subjects on which examination is needed to ensure conver-
c) Basic examinations shall follow the standard specified in Appendix I and sion to the aircraft maintenance licence without limitation, or to include an addition-
II to this Part. al (sub-) category. The report shall include a copy of the existing regulation
d) Type examinations must follow the standard specified in Appendix III to defining the licence categories and scopes.
this Part.
e) New essay questions shall be raised at least every six months and used
66.B.310 Conversion report for approved maintenance organisations
questions withdrawn or rested from use. A record of the questions used
authorisations
shall be retained in the records for reference. For each approved maintenance organisation concerned, the report shall describe
f) All examination papers shall be handed out at the start of the examination the scope of each type of authorisation and show to which aircraft maintenance
to the candidate and handed back to the examiner at the end of the allot- licence it will be converted, which limitation will be added and the module/ subjects
ted examination time period. No examination paper may be removed on which examination is needed to convert to the licence, or to include an addition-
from the examination room during the allotted examination time period. al (sub-)category. The report shall include a copy of the relevant approved main-
tenance organisation's procedures for the qualification of certifying staff, on which
g) Apart from specific documentation needed for type examinations, only
the conversion process is based.
the examination paper may be available to the candidate during the ex-
amination.
h) Examination candidates shall be separated from each other so that they
cannot read each other's examination papers.

Subpart E 2. failing to carry out requested maintenance combined with failure to report
such fact to the organisation or person who requested the maintenance.
Examination Credits 3. failing to carry out required maintenance resulting from own inspection com-
This Subpart provides the requirements for granting examination credits in accord- bined with failure to report such fact to the organisation or person for whom
ance with 66.A.25(b). the maintenance was intended to be carried out.
4. negligent maintenance.
66.B.400 General
5. falsification of the maintenance record.
a) The competent authority may only grant examination credit on the basis
of an examination credit report prepared in accordance with 66.B.405. 6. issuing a certificate of release to service knowing that the maintenance spec-
ified on the certificate of release to service has not been carried out or without
b) The examination credit report must be either developed by the competent
verifying that such maintenance has been carried out.
authority or approved by the competent authority.
7. carrying out maintenance or issuing a certificate of release to service when
66.B.405 Examination credit report adversely affected by alcohol or drugs.
a) For each technical qualification concerned the report shall identify the 8. issuing certificate of release to service while not in compliance with this Part.
subject matter and knowledge levels contained in Appendix I to this Part
relevant to the particular category being compared.
b) The report shall include a statement of compliance against each subject
stating where, in the technical qualification, the equivalent standard can
be found. If there is no equivalent standard for the particular subject, the
report shall state such facts.
c) Based upon paragraph (b) comparison, the report shall indicate for each
technical qualification concerned the Appendix I subject matters subject
to examination credits.
d) Where the national qualification standard is changed, the report shall be
amended as necessary.
Subpart F
Revocation, Suspension or Limitation of the Aircraft
Maintenance Licence
66.B.500 Revocation, suspension or limitation of the aircraft
maintenance licence
The competent authority shall suspend, limit or revoke the aircraft maintenance li-
cence where it has identified a safety issue or if it has clear evidence that the per-
son has carried out or been involved in one or more of the following activities:
1. obtaining the aircraft maintenance licence and/or the certification privileges by
falsification of submitted documentary evidence.

Appendix I Basic Knowledge Requirements Objectives: The applicant should know the theory of the subject and interrelation-
ships with other subjects.
1. KNOWLEDGE LEVELS - CATEGORY A, B1, B2 AND C AIRCRAFT MAIN- The applicant should be able to give a detailed description of the subject using the-
TENANCE LICENCE oretical fundamentals and specific examples.
Basic knowledge for categories A, B1 and B2 are indicated by the allocation of The applicant should understand and be able to use mathematical formulae relat-
knowledge levels indicators (1, 2 or 3) against each applicable subject. Category ed to the subject.
C applicants must meet either the category B1 or the category B2 basic knowledge
levels. The applicant should be able to read, understand and prepare sketches, simple
drawings and schematics describing the subject.
The knowledge level indicators are defined as follows:
The applicant should be able to apply his knowledge in a practical manner using
LEVEL 1 manufacturer's instructions.
A familiarisation with the principal elements of the subject. The applicant should be able to interpret results from various sources and meas-
Objectives: The applicant should be familiar with the basic elements of the subject. urements and apply corrective action where appropriate.
The applicant should be able to give a simple description of the whole subject, us- Note: FOCA FORM 19 must be used for an application for a JAR-66/EASA Part-
ing common words and examples. 66 Aircraft Maintenance Licence (AML).
The applicant should be able to use typical terms. Form 19 can be found on BAZL hompage.
LEVEL 2 www.aviation.admin.ch
A general knowledge of the theoretical and practical aspects of the subject.
An ability to apply that knowledge.
Objectives: The applicant should be able to understand the theoretical fundamen-
tals of the subject.
The applicant should be able to give a general description of the subject using, as
appropriate, typical examples.
The applicant should be able to use mathematical formulae in conjunction with
physical laws describing the subject.
The applicant should be able to read and understand sketches, drawings and
schematics describing the subject.
The applicant should be able to apply his knowledge in a practical manner using
detailed procedures.
LEVEL 3
A detailed knowledge of the theoretical and practical aspects of the subject.
A capacity to combine and apply the separate elements of knowledge in a logical
and comprehensive manner.

Figure 1: Example of JAR-66/EASA PART-66 Aircraft Maintenance Licence

(1 of 2)
Conditions:
1. State of Issue: JAR-66 (SUB)CATEGORIES
1. This licence must be accompanied by an identity document containing a photograph of
the licence holder.
2. Endorsement of any (sub)categories on the page(s) entitled JAR-66 Switzerland
(SUB)CATEGORIES only does not permit the holder to issue a certificate of release to
Swiss service for an aircraft. 2. Licence No.:
Federal Office for Civil Aviation A B1 B2 C
3. Endorsement of aircraft types on the page(s) entitled JAR-66 AIRCRAFT TYPE
RATINGS means the holder qualified to issue certificates of release to service for such FOCA-9999
Bundesamt fr Zivilluftfahrt aircraft at the date of endorsement.
Aeroplanes Turbine
Office fdral de laviation civile 4. This licence when endorsed in category B1 or B2 or C together with a valid aircraft 3. Full name of holder: X X
type JAR-145 certification authorisation meets the intent of ICAO annex 1.
Ufficio federale dellaviazione civile
5. It is the responsability of the holder to ensure that certificates of release to service are
only issued within the limitations of this licence and both JAR-66 and JAR-145 except as
Muster Hans
specified in paragraph 6. Aeroplanes Piston
4. Date and place of birth:
A FULL MEMBER OF 6. This licence may only be used outside the JAR-145 organisation if a specific
THE statement to such effect is endorsed by the Authority that issued this licence on the
JOINT AVIATION AUTHORITIES page(s) entitled JAR-66 LIMITATIONS. 13-05-1963
7. This licence remains current until the review date on the limitation page whilst in Helicopters Turbine
compliance with JAR-66.40 unless previously suspended or revoked. 5. Address of holder:
JAR-66
Helicopters Piston
AIRCRAFT MAINTENANCE 6. Nationality:
LICENCE Schweiz Avionics
7. Signature of holder:
Aircraft
X
8. Signature of issuing officer & date:
Reserved
THIS LICENCE IS RECOGNISED BY ALL FULL MEMBER AUTHORITIES OF 03.10.2002/Gian-Andri Zanotta
THE JOINT AVIATION AUTHORITIES
9. Seal or stamp of issuing Authority:
JAA FORM 26
1 2 3 4

Figure 2: Example of PART-66 Aircraft Maintenance Licence (2 of 2)
JAR-66 AIRCRAFT TYPE RATINGS JAR-66 LIMITATIONS
A/C Type Cat. Official NATIONAL PRIVILEGES:

Stamp & Date
M : Flugzeuge/Motorsegler bis 5700 kg mtom
mit Kolbenmotoren in Holz-Gemischt/
Cat. A acc. Company Authorisation A1 FOCA/26.07.2002 Metallbauweise, mit Druckkabine
Bombardier DHC-8-100/200/300 (PW 120) B1.1 FOCA/26.07.2002 Cn : C national
Dornier DO 328 (PW 119) B1.1 FOCA/26.07.2002 S : Electromechanical Components
Dornier DO 328 (PW 306) B1.1 FOCA/26.07.2002 S : Mechanical Components
Bombardier DHC-8-100/200/300 (PW 120) C FOCA/26.07.2002 S : Non-Destructive Testing:
Dornier DO 328 (PW 119) C FOCA/26.07.2002 S : Liquid penetrant
Dornier DO 328 (PW 306) C FOCA/26.07.2002 Limitations:
S : Non-Destructive Testing on aircraft structures

only valid in accordance with a maintenance
organisation holding the appropriate type rating.
S : NDT ratings valid only as long as the renewal
intervals according the relevant examination
documents (EN 4179/MIL-STD-410E/SNT-TC etc.)
are respected.
Date of first issue:
26-07-2002
Licence Review Date:
26-07-2007
Lic. No: Lic. No:
FOCA-9999 FOCA-9999
5 6


Training Manual 10.3 Part - 145 Approved Maintenance
10.3 Part - 145 Approved Maintenance Organisations

Overview
SECTION A 145.A.10 Scope
145.A.15 Application
145.A.20 Terms of approval
145.A.25 Facility requirements
145.A.30 Personnel requirements
145.A.35 Certifying staff and category B1 and B2 support staff
145.A.40 Equipment, tools and material
145.A.42 Acceptance of components
145.A.45 Maintenance data
145.A.47 Production planning
145.A.50 Certification of maintenance
145.A.55 Maintenance records
145.A.60 Occurrence reporting
145.A.65 Safety and quality policy, maintenance procedures and quality system
145.A.70 Maintenance organisation exposition
145.A.75 Privileges of the organisation
145.A.80 Limitations on the organisation
145.A.85 Changes to the organisation
145.A.90 Continued validity
145.A.95 Findings

SECTION B 145.B.01 Scope

145.B.10 Competent authority
145.B.15 Organisations located in several Member States
145.B.17 Acceptable means of compliance
145.B.20 Initial approval
145.B.25 Issue of approval
145.B.30 Continuation of an approval
145.B.35 Changes
145.B.40 Maintenance organisation exposition (MOE) amendments
145.B.45 Revocation, suspension and limitation of approval
145.B.50 Findings
145.B.55 Record-keeping
Appendix I
Use of the EASA Form 1 for maintenance
Appendix II
Organisations approval class and rating system

EASA Approval Certificate
Appendix IV (not shown)

Conditions for the use of staff not qualified to
Part-66 in accordance with 145A.30(J)1 and 2
Annex II Appendix I (not shown)

Acceptable Means of Compliance to Part-145 Acceptance of Management Personnel, EASA Form 4


Part-145 APPROVAL RECOMMENDATION REPORT EASA Form 6

Part-145 Approval, EASA Form 2
Annex III (not shown)

Guidance Material to Part-145
Annex II
(Part-145)
145.1 General
For the purpose of this Part, the competent authority shall be:
1. for organisations having their principal place of business in a Member State,
the authority designated by that Member State, or;
2. for organisations having their principal place of business located in a third
country, the Agency.

Section A 2) dust and any other airborne contamination are kept to a minimum
and not be permitted to reach a level in the work task area where vis-
145.A.10 Scope ible aircraft/component surface contamination is evident. Where
dust/other airborne contamination results in visible surface contami-
This Section establishes the requirements to be met by an organisation to qualify
nation, all susceptible systems are sealed until acceptable condi-
for the issue or continuation of an approval for the maintenance of aircraft and tions are re-established.
components.
3) lighting is such as to ensure each inspection and maintenance task
145.A.15 Application can be carried out in an effective manner.
An application for the issue or variation of an approval shall be made to the com- 4) noise shall not distract personnel from carrying out inspection tasks.
petent authority in a form and manner established by such authority. Where it is impractical to control the noise source, such personnel
are provided with the necessary personal equipment to stop exces-
145.A.20 Terms of Approval sive noise causing distraction during inspection tasks.
The organisation shall specify the scope of work deemed to constitute approval in 5) where a particular maintenance task requires the application of spe-
its exposition (Appendix II to this Part contains a table of all classes and ratings). cific environmental conditions different to the foregoing, then such
conditions are observed. Specific conditions are identified in the
145.A.25 Facility Requirements maintenance data.
The organisation shall ensure that: 6) the working environment for line maintenance is such that the partic-
ular maintenance or inspection task can be carried out without undue
a) Facilities are provided appropriate for all planned work, ensuring in par-
distraction. Therefore where the working environment deteriorates to
ticular, protection from the weather elements. Specialised workshops an unacceptable level in respect of temperature, moisture, hail, ice,
and bays are segregated as appropriate, to ensure that environmental snow, wind, light, dust/other airborne contamination, the particular
and work area contamination is unlikely to occur.
maintenance or inspection tasks must be suspended until satisfacto-
1) For base maintenance of aircraft, aircraft hangars are both available ry conditions are re-established.
and large enough to accommodate aircraft on planned base mainte-
d) Secure storage facilities are provided for components, equipment, tools
nance; and material. Storage conditions ensure segregation of serviceable com-
2) For component maintenance, component workshops are large ponents and material from unserviceable aircraft components, material,
enough to accommodate the components on planned maintenance. equipment and tools. The conditions of storage are in accordance with
b) Office accommodation is provided for the management of the planned the manufacturer's instructions to prevent deterioration and damage of
work referred to in paragraph (a), and certifying staff so that they can car- stored items. Access to storage facilities is restricted to authorised per-
ry out their designated tasks in a manner that contributes to good aircraft sonnel.
maintenance standards.
c) The working environment including aircraft hangars, component work- 145.A.30 Personnel Requirements
shops and office accommodation is appropriate for the task carried out a) The organisation shall appoint an accountable manager who has corpo-
and in particular special requirements observed. Unless otherwise dictat- rate authority for ensuring that all maintenance required by the customer
ed by the particular task environment, the working environment must be can be financed and carried out to the standard required by this Part. The
such that the effectiveness of personnel is not impaired: accountable manager shall:
1) temperatures must be maintained such that personnel can carry out 1) ensure that all necessary resources are available to accomplish
required tasks without undue discomfort. maintenance in accordance with 145.A.65(b) to support the organi-
sation approval.

2) establish and promote the safety and quality policy specified in Human factors means principles which apply to aeronautical design,
145.A.65(a). certification, training, operations and maintenance and which seek safe
3) demonstrate a basic understanding of this Part. interface between the human and other system components by proper
b) The organisation shall nominate a person or group of persons, whose re- consideration of human performance. Human performance means hu-
sponsibilities include ensuring that the organisation complies with this man capabilities and limitations which have an impact on the safety and
Part. Such person(s) shall ultimately be responsible to the accountable efficiency of aeronautical operations.
manager. f) The organisation shall ensure that personnel who carry out and/or control
1) The person or persons nominated shall represent the maintenance a continued airworthiness non-destructive test of aircraft structures and/
management structure of the organisation and be responsible for all or components are appropriately qualified for the particular non-destruc-
functions specified in this Part. tive test in accordance with the European or equivalent Standard recog-
nised by the Agency. Personnel who carry out any other specialised task
2) The person or persons nominated shall be identified and their cre- shall be appropriately qualified in accordance with officially recognised
dentials submitted in a form and manner established by the compe-
Standards. By derogation to this paragraph those personnel specified in
tent authority. paragraphs (g) and (h)(1) and (h)(2), qualified in Part-66 category B1 may
3) The person or persons nominated shall be able to demonstrate rele- carry out and/or control colour contrast dye penetrant tests.
vant knowledge, background and satisfactory experience related to g) Any organisation maintaining aircraft, except where stated otherwise in
aircraft or component maintenance and demonstrate a working paragraph (j), shall in the case of aircraft line maintenance, have appro-
knowledge of this Part.
priate aircraft type rated certifying staff qualified as category B1 and B2
4) Procedures shall make clear who deputises for any particular person in accordance with Part-66 and 145.A.35.
in the case of lengthy absence of the said person.
In addition such organisations may also use appropriately task trained
c) The accountable manager under paragraph (a) shall appoint a person certifying staff qualified as category A in accordance with Part-66 and
with responsibility for monitoring the quality system, including the associ- 145.A.35 to carry out minor scheduled line maintenance and simple de-
ated feedback system as required by 145.A.65(c). The appointed person fect rectification.
shall have direct access to the accountable manager to ensure that the The availability of such category A certifying staff shall not replace the
accountable manager is kept properly informed on quality and compli-
need for Part-66 category B1 and B2 certifying staff to support the cate-
ance matters. gory A certifying staff. However, such Part-66 category B1 and B2 staff
d) The organisation shall have a maintenance man-hour plan showing that need not always be present at the line station during minor scheduled line
the organisation has sufficient staff to plan, perform, supervise, inspect maintenance or simple defect rectification.
and quality monitor the organisation in accordance with the approval. In h) Any organisation maintaining aircraft, except where stated otherwise in
addition the organisation shall have a procedure to reassess work intend-
paragraph (j) shall:
ed to be carried out when actual staff availability is less than the planned
staffing level for any particular work shift or period. 1) in the case of base maintenance of large aircraft, have appropriate
aircraft type rated certifying staff qualified as category C in accord-
e) The organisation shall establish and control the competence of personnel ance with Part-66 and 145.A.35. In addition the organisation shall
involved in any maintenance, management and/or quality audits in ac- have sufficient aircraft type rated staff qualified as category B1 and
cordance with a procedure and to a standard agreed by the competent
B2 in accordance with Part-66 and 145.A.35 to support the category
authority. In addition to the necessary expertise related to the job func- C certifying staff.
tion, competence must include an understanding of the application of hu-
man factors and human performance issues appropriate to that person's i) B1 and B2 support staff shall ensure that all relevant tasks or in-
function in the organisation. spections have been carried out to the required standard before

the category C certifying staff issues the certificate of release to 4) In the case of aircraft operating away from a supported location the
service. organisation may issue a limited certification authorisation to the
ii) The organisation shall maintain a register of any such B1 and B2 commander and/or the flight engineer on the basis of the flight crew
support staff. licence held subject to being satisfied that sufficient practical training
iii) The category C certifying staff shall ensure that compliance with has been carried out to ensure that the commander or flight engineer
paragraph (i) has been met and that all work required by the can accomplish the specified task to the required standard. The pro-
customer has been accomplished during the particular base visions of this paragraph shall be detailed in an exposition proce-
maintenance check or work package, and shall also assess the dure.
impact of any work not carried out with a view to either requiring 5) In the following unforeseen cases, where an aircraft is grounded at
its accomplishment or agreeing with the operator to defer such a location other than the main base where no appropriate certifying
work to another specified check or time limit. staff are available, the organisation contracted to provide mainte-
2) in the case of base maintenance of aircraft other than large aircraft nance support may issue a one-off certification authorisation:
have either: i) to one of its employees holding equivalent type authorisations
i) appropriate aircraft type rated certifying staff qualified as cate- on aircraft of similar technology, construction and systems; or
gory B1 and B2 in accordance with Part-66 and 145.A.35 or, ii) to any person with not less than five years maintenance experi-
ii) appropriate aircraft type rated certifying staff qualified in catego- ence and holding a valid ICAO aircraft maintenance licence rat-
ry C assisted by B1 and B2 support staff as specified in para- ed for the aircraft type requiring certification provided there is no
graph (1). organisation appropriately approved under this Part at that loca-
tion and the contracted organisation obtains and holds on file
i) Component certifying staff shall comply with Part-66.
evidence of the experience and the licence of that person.
j) By derogation to paragraphs (g) and (h), the organisation may use certi- All such cases as specified in this subparagraph shall be report-
fying staff qualified in accordance with the following provisions:
ed to the competent authority within seven days of the issuance
1) For organisation facilities located outside the Community territory of such certification authorisation. The organisation issuing the
certifying staff may be qualified in accordance with the national avi- one-off authorisation shall ensure that any such maintenance
ation regulations of the State in which the organisation facility is reg- that could affect flight safety is re-checked by an appropriately
istered subject to the conditions specified in Appendix IV to this Part. approved organisation.
2) For line maintenance carried out at a line station of an organisation
which is located outside the Community territory, the certifying staff 145.A.35 Certifying Staff and Category B1 and B2 Support Staff
may be qualified in accordance with the national aviation regulations a) In addition to the appropriate requirements of 145.A.30(g) and (h), the or-
of the State in which the line station is based, subject to the condi- ganisation shall ensure that certifying staff and category B1 and B2 sup-
tions specified in Appendix IV to this Part. port staff have an adequate understanding of the relevant aircraft and/or
3) For a repetitive pre-flight airworthiness directive which specifically components to be maintained together with the associated organisation
states that the flight crew may carry out such airworthiness directive, procedures. In the case of certifying staff, this must be accomplished be-
the organisation may issue a limited certification authorisation to the fore the issue or re-issue of the certification authorisation.
aircraft commander and/or the flight engineer on the basis of the Category B1 and B2 support staff means those category B1 and B2 staff
flight crew licence held. However, the organisation shall ensure that in the base maintenance environment who do not hold necessarily certi-
sufficient practical training has been carried out to ensure that such fication privileges. Relevant aircraft and/or components, means those
aircraft commander or flight engineer can accomplish the airworthi- aircraft or components specified in the particular certification authorisa-
ness directive to the required standard. tion. Certification authorisation means the authorisation issued to certi-

fying staff by the organisation and which specifies the fact that they may h) The certification authorisation must be in a style that makes its scope
sign certificates of release to service within the limitations stated in such clear to the certifying staff and any authorised person who may require to
authorisation on behalf of the approved organisation. examine the authorisation. Where codes are used to define scope, the or-
b) Excepting those cases listed in 145.A.30(j) the organisation may only is- ganisation shall make a code translation readily available. Authorised
sue a certification authorisation to certifying staff in relation to the basic person means the officials of the competent authorities, the Agency and
categories or subcategories and any type rating listed on the aircraft the Member State who has responsibility for the oversight of the main-
maintenance licence listed in Part 66, subject to the licence remaining tained aircraft or component.
valid throughout the validity period of the authorisation and the certifying i) The person responsible for the quality system shall also remain respon-
staff remaining in compliance with Part 66. sible on behalf of the organisation for issuing certification authorisations
c) The organisation shall ensure that all certifying staff and category B1 and to certifying staff. Such person may nominate other persons to actually
B2 support staff are involved in at least six months of actual relevant air- issue or revoke the certification authorisations in accordance with a pro-
craft or component maintenance experience in any consecutive two year cedure as specified in the exposition.
period. For the purpose of this paragraph involved in actual relevant air- j) The organisation shall maintain a record of all certifying staff and catego-
craft or component maintenance means that the person has worked in ry B1 and B2 support staff.
an aircraft or component maintenance environment and has either exer- The staff records shall contain:
cised the privileges of the certification authorisation and/or has actually
1) details of any aircraft maintenance licence held under Part-66;
carried out maintenance on at least some of the aircraft type systems
specified in the particular certification authorisation. 2) all relevant training completed
d) The organisation shall ensure that all certifying staff and category B1 and 3) the scope of the certification authorisations issued, where relevant,
B2 support staff receive sufficient continuation training in each two year and
period to ensure that such staff have up-to-date knowledge of relevant 4) particulars of staff with limited or one-off certification authorisations.
technology, organisation procedures and human factor issues. The organisation shall retain the record for at least two years after
e) The organisation shall establish a programme for continuation training for the certifying staff or B1 or B2 support staff have ceased employ-
certifying staff and category B1 and B2 support staff, including a proce- ment with the organisation or as soon as the authorisation has been
dure to ensure compliance with the relevant paragraphs of 145.A.35 as withdrawn. In addition, upon request, the maintenance organisation
the basis for issuing certification authorisations under this Part to certify- shall furnish certifying staff with a copy of their record on leaving the
ing staff, and a procedure to ensure compliance with Part 66. organisation.
f) Except where any of the unforeseen cases of 145.A.30(j)(5) apply, the or- The certifying staff shall be given access on request to their personal
ganisation shall assess all prospective certifying staff for their compe- records as detailed above.
tence, qualification and capability to carry out their intended certifying k) The organisation shall provide certifying staff with a copy of their certifi-
duties in accordance with a procedure as specified in the exposition prior cation authorisation in either a documented or electronic format.
to the issue or re-issue of a certification authorisation under this Part. l) Certifying staff shall produce their certification authorisation to any au-
g) When the conditions of paragraphs (a), (b), (d), (f) and, where applicable, thorised person within 24 hours.
paragraph (c) have been fulfilled by the certifying staff, the organisation m) The minimum age for certifying staff and category B1 and B2 support
shall issue a certification authorisation that clearly specifies the scope staff is 21 years.
and limits of such authorisation. Continued validity of the certification au-
thorisation is dependent upon continued compliance with paragraphs (a), 145.A.40 Equipment, Tools and Material
(b), (d), and where applicable, paragraph (c). a) The organisation shall have available and use the necessary equipment,
tools and material to perform the approved scope of work.

1) Where the manufacturer specifies a particular tool or equipment, the b) Prior to installation of a component, the organisation shall ensure that the
organisation shall use that tool or equipment, unless the use of alter- particular component is eligible to be fitted when different modification
native tooling or equipment is agreed by the competent authority via and/or airworthiness directive standards may be applicable.
procedures specified in the exposition. c) The organisation may fabricate a restricted range of parts to be used in
2) Equipment and tools must be permanently available, except in the the course of undergoing work within its own facilities provided proce-
case of any tool or equipment that is so infrequently used that its per- dures are identified in the exposition.
manent availability is not necessary. Such cases shall be detailed in d) Components which have reached their certified life limit or contain a non-
an exposition procedure. repairable defect shall be classified as unsalvageable and shall not be
3) An organisation approved for base maintenance shall have sufficient permitted to re-enter the component supply system unless certified life
aircraft access equipment and inspection platforms/docking such limits have been extended or a repair solution has been approved ac-
that the aircraft can be properly inspected. cording to Part-21.
b) The organisation shall ensure that all tools, equipment and particularly
test equipment, as appropriate, are controlled and calibrated according 145.A.45 Maintenance Data
to an officially recognised standard at a frequency to ensure serviceability a) The organisation shall hold and use applicable current maintenance data
and accuracy. in the performance of maintenance, including modifications and repairs.
Records of such calibrations and traceability to the standard used shall Applicable means relevant to any aircraft, component or process speci-
be kept by the organisation. fied in the organisation's approval class rating schedule and in any asso-
ciated capability list.
145.A.42 Acceptance of Components In the case of maintenance data provided by an operator or customer, the
a) All components shall be classified and appropriately segregated into the organisation shall hold such data when the work is in progress, with the
following categories: exception of the need to comply with 145.A.55(c).
1) Components which are in a satisfactory condition, released on an b) For the purposes of this Part, applicable maintenance data shall be any
EASA Form 1 or equivalent and marked in accordance with Part-21 of the following:
Subpart Q. 1) Any applicable requirement, procedure, operational directive or in-
2) Unserviceable components which shall be maintained in accordance formation issued by the authority responsible for the oversight of the
with this section. aircraft or component;
3) Unsalvageable components which are classified in accordance with 2) Any applicable airworthiness directive issued by the authority re-
145.A.42(d). sponsible for the oversight of the aircraft or component;
4) Standard parts used on an aircraft, engine, propeller or other aircraft 3) Instructions for continuing airworthiness, issued by type certificate
component when specified in the manufacturer's illustrated parts holders, supplementary type certificate holders, any other organisa-
catalogue and/or the maintenance data. tion required to publish such data by Part-21 and in the case of air-
5) Material both raw and consumable used in the course of mainte- craft or components from third countries the airworthiness data
nance when the organisation is satisfied that the material meets the mandated by the authority responsible for the oversight of the aircraft
required specification and has appropriate traceability. All material or component;
must be accompanied by documentation clearly relating to the par- 4) Any applicable standard, such as but not limited to, maintenance
ticular material and containing a conformity to specification state- standard practices recognised by the Agency as a good standard for
ment plus both the manufacturing and supplier source. maintenance;
5) Any applicable data issued in accordance with paragraph (d).

NOTE: made to the main electronic database. Complex maintenance tasks shall
Examples of maintenance datas are: be transcribed onto the work cards or worksheets and subdivided into
clear stages to ensure a record of the accomplishment of the complete
Airworthiness Directive (AD) maintenance task.
Alert Service Bulletin (ASB) Where the organisation provides a maintenance service to an aircraft op-
Service Bulletin (SB) erator who requires their work card or worksheet system to be used then
Aircraft Maintenance Manual (AMM) such work card or worksheet system may be used. In this case, the or-
Illustrated Parts Catalog (IPC) ganisation shall establish a procedure to ensure correct completion of the
Wiring Diagram Manual (WDM/WM) aircraft operators' work cards or worksheets.
Aircraft Schematic Manual (ASM) f) The organisation shall ensure that all applicable maintenance data is
readily available for use when required by maintenance personnel.
Aircraft Wiring List (AWL)
g) The organisation shall establish a procedure to ensure that maintenance
Structure Repair Manual (SRM)
data it controls is kept up to date. In the case of operator/customer con-
Non-destructive Testing Manual (NDTM) trolled and provided maintenance data, the organisation shall be able to
Component Maintenance Manual (CMM) show that either it has written confirmation from the operator/customer
Engine Manual (EM) that all such maintenance data is up to date or it has work orders speci-
fying the amendment status of the maintenance data to be used or it can
show that it is on the operator/customer maintenance data amendment
c) The organisation shall establish procedures to ensure that if found, any list.
inaccurate, incomplete or ambiguous procedure, practice, information or
maintenance instruction contained in the maintenance data used by 145.A.47 Production Planning
maintenance personnel is recorded and notified to the author of the main-
tenance data. a) The organisation shall have a system appropriate to the amount and
complexity of work to plan the availability of all necessary personnel,
d) The organisation may only modify maintenance instructions in accord- tools, equipment, material, maintenance data and facilities in order to en-
ance with a procedure specified in the maintenance organisation's expo- sure the safe completion of the maintenance work.
sition. With respect to those changes, the organisation shall demonstrate
that they result in equivalent or improved maintenance standards and b) The planning of maintenance tasks, and the organising of shifts, shall
shall inform the type-certificate holder of such changes. Maintenance in- take into account human performance limitations.
structions for the purposes of this paragraph means instructions on how c) When it is required to hand over the continuation or completion of main-
to carry out the particular maintenance task: they exclude the engineering tenance tasks for reasons of a shift or personnel changeover, relevant in-
design of repairs and modifications. formation shall be adequately communicated between outgoing and
e) The organisation shall provide a common work card or worksheet system incoming personnel.
to be used throughout relevant parts of the organisation. In addition, the 145.A.50 Certification of Maintenance
organisation shall either transcribe accurately the maintenance data con-
tained in paragraphs (b) and (d) onto such work cards or worksheets or The certificate of release to service should contain the following statement:
make precise reference to the particular maintenance task or tasks con- Certifies that the work specified except as otherwise specified was carried out
tained in such maintenance data. Work cards and worksheets may be in accordance with PART-145 and in respect to that work the aircraft/aircraft
computer generated and held on an electronic database subject to both component is considered ready for release to service.
adequate safeguards against unauthorised alteration and a back-up a) A certificate of release to service shall be issued by appropriately author-
electronic database which shall be updated within 24 hours of any entry ised certifying staff on behalf of the organisation when it has been verified

that all maintenance ordered has been properly carried out by the organ- 145.A.55 Maintenance Records
isation in accordance with the procedures specified in 145.A.70, taking a) The organisation shall record all details of maintenance work carried out.
into account the availability and use of the maintenance data specified in As a minimum, the organisation shall retain records necessary to prove
145.A.45 and that there are no non-compliances which are known that that all requirements have been met for issuance of the certificate of re-
hazard seriously the flight safety. lease to service, including subcontractor's release documents.
b) A certificate of release to service shall be issued before flight at the com- b) The organisation shall provide a copy of each certificate of release to
pletion of any maintenance. service to the aircraft operator, together with a copy of any specific ap-
c) New defects or incomplete maintenance work orders identified during the proved repair/modification data used for repairs/modifications carried
above maintenance shall be brought to the attention of the aircraft oper- out.
ator for the specific purpose of obtaining agreement to rectify such de- c) The organisation shall retain a copy of all detailed maintenance records
fects or completing the missing elements of the maintenance work order. and any associated maintenance data for two years from the date the air-
In the case where the aircraft operator declines to have such mainte- craft or component to which the work relates was released from the or-
nance carried out under this paragraph, paragraph (e) is applicable. ganisation.
d) A certificate of release to service shall be issued at the completion of any 1) Records under this paragraph shall be stored in a safe way with re-
maintenance on a component whilst off the aircraft. The authorised regard to fire, flood and theft.
lease certificate or airworthiness approval tag identified as EASA Form 1
2) Computer backup discs, tapes etc. shall be stored in a different loca-
in Appendix I to this Part constitutes the component certificate of release
tion from that containing the working discs, tapes etc., in an environ-
to service. When an organisation maintains a component for its own use,
ment that ensures they remain in good condition.
an EASA Form 1 may not be necessary depending upon the organisa-
tion's internal release procedures defined in the exposition. 3) Where an organisation approved under this Part terminates its oper-
ation, all retained maintenance records covering the last two years
e) By derogation to paragraph (a), when the organisation is unable to com-
shall be distributed to the last owner or customer of the respective
plete all maintenance ordered, it may issue a certificate of release to
aircraft or component or shall be stored as specified by the compe-
service within the approved aircraft limitations. The organisation shall en-
tent authority.
ter such fact in the aircraft certificate of release to service before the issue
of such certificate. 145.A.60 Occurrence Reporting
f) By derogation to paragraph (a) and 145.A.42, when an aircraft is ground- a) The organisation shall report to the competent authority, the state of reg-
ed at a location other than the main line station or main maintenance istry and the organisation responsible for the design of the aircraft or
base due to the non-availability of a component with the appropriate re- component any condition of the aircraft or component identified by the or-
lease certificate, it is permissible to temporarily fit a component without ganisation that has resulted or may result in an unsafe condition that haz-
the appropriate release certificate for a maximum of 30 flight hours or un- ards seriously the flight safety.
til the aircraft first returns to the main line station or main maintenance
base, whichever is the sooner, subject to the aircraft operator agreement b) The organisation shall establish an internal occurrence reporting system
as detailed in the exposition to enable the collection and evaluation of
and said component having a suitable release certificate but otherwise in
compliance with all applicable maintenance and operational require- such reports, including the assessment and extraction of those occur-
ments. Such components shall be removed by the above prescribed time rences to be reported under paragraph (a). This procedure shall identify
adverse trends, corrective actions taken or to be taken by the organisa-
limit unless an appropriate release certificate has been obtained in the
meantime under paragraph (a) and 145.A.42. tion to address deficiencies and include evaluation of all known relevant
information relating to such occurrences and a method to circulate the in-
formation as necessary.

c) The organisation shall make such reports in a form and manner estab- re-inspection of the work by this person after completion of all the
lished by the Agency and ensure that they contain all pertinent informa- same tasks.
tion about the condition and evaluation results known to the organisation. 4) Maintenance procedures shall be established to ensure that damage
d) Where the organisation is contracted by a commercial operator to carry is assessed and modifications and repairs are carried out using data
out maintenance, the organisation shall also report to the operator any approved by the Agency or by an approved Part-21 design organisa-
such condition affecting the operator's aircraft or component. tion, as appropriate.
e) The organisation shall produce and submit such reports as soon as prac- c) The organisation shall establish a quality system that includes the follow-
ticable but in any case within 72 hours of the organisation identifying the ing:
condition to which the report relates. 1) Independent audits in order to monitor compliance with required air-
NOTE: craft/aircraft component standards and adequacy of the procedures
to ensure that such procedures invoke good maintenance practices
For non-JAR-OPS 1 operated aircraft additional reporting criterias are defined in and airworthy aircraft/aircraft components. In the smallest organisa-
FOCA Technical Communication TM 65.020-20. tions the independent audit part of the quality system may be con-
145.A.65 Safety and Quality Policy, Maintenance Procedures and tracted to another organisation approved under this Part or a person
Quality System with appropriate technical knowledge and proven satisfactory audit
experience; and
a) The organisation shall establish a safety and quality policy for the organ-
2) A quality feedback reporting system to the person or group of per-
isation to be included in the exposition under 145.A.70.
sons specified in 145.A.30(b) and ultimately to the accountable man-
b) The organisation shall establish procedures agreed by the competent au- ager that ensures proper and timely corrective action is taken in
thority taking into account human factors and human performance to en- response to reports resulting from the independent audits estab-
sure good maintenance practices and compliance with this Part which lished to meet paragraph (1).
shall include a clear work order or contract such that aircraft and compo-
nents may be released to service in accordance with 145.A.50. 145.A.70 Maintenance Organisation Exposition
1) The maintenance procedures under this paragraph apply to a) Maintenance organisation exposition means the document or docu-
145.A.25 to 145.A.95. ments that contain the material specifying the scope of work deemed to
2) The maintenance procedures established or to be established by the constitute approval and showing how the organisation intends to comply
organisation under this paragraph shall cover all aspects of carrying with this Part.
out the maintenance activity, including the provision and control of The organisation shall provide the competent authority with a mainte-
specialised services and lay down the standards to which the organ- nance organisation exposition, containing the following information:
isation intends to work.
1) A statement signed by the accountable manager confirming that the
3) With regard to aircraft line and base maintenance, the organisation maintenance organisation exposition and any referenced associated
shall establish procedures to minimise the risk of multiple errors and manuals define the organisation's compliance with this Part and will
capture errors on critical systems, and to ensure that no person is re- be complied with at all times. When the accountable manager is not
quired to carry out and inspect in relation to a maintenance task in- the chief executive officer of the organisation then such chief execu-
volving some element of disassembly/reassembly of several tive officer shall countersign the statement;
components of the same type fitted to more than one system on the
2) the organisation's safety and quality policy as specified by 145.A.65;
same aircraft during a particular maintenance check. However, when
only one person is available to carry out these tasks then the organ- 3) the title(s) and name(s) of the persons nominated under 145.A.30(b);
isation's work card or worksheet shall include an additional stage for

4) the duties and responsibilities of the persons nominated under der this Part and is limited to the work scope permitted under 145.A.65(b)
145.A.30(b), including matters on which they may deal directly with procedures. This work scope shall not include a base maintenance check
the competent authority on behalf of the organisation; of an aircraft or a complete workshop maintenance check or overhaul of
5) an organisation chart showing associated chains of responsibility be- an engine or engine module;
tween the persons nominated under 145.A.30(b); c) Maintain any aircraft or any component for which it is approved at any lo-
6) a list of certifying staff and B1 and B2 support staff; cation subject to the need for such maintenance arising either from the
7) a general description of manpower resources; unserviceability of the aircraft or from the necessity of supporting occa-
sional line maintenance, subject to the conditions specified in the exposi-
8) a general description of the facilities located at each address speci- tion;
fied in the organisation's approval certificate;
d) Maintain any aircraft and/or component for which it is approved at a loca-
9) a specification of the organisation's scope of work relevant to the ex- tion identified as a line maintenance location capable of supporting minor
tent of approval;
maintenance and only if the organisation exposition both permits such
10) the notification procedure of 145.A.85 for organisation changes; activity and lists such locations;
11) the maintenance organisation exposition amendment procedure; e) Issue certificates of release to service in respect of completion of mainte-
12) the procedures and quality system established by the organisation nance in accordance with 145.A.50.
under 145.A.25 to 145.A.90;
13) a list of commercial operators, where applicable, to which the organ- 145.A.80 Limitations on the Organisation
isation provides an aircraft maintenance service; The organisation shall only maintain an aircraft or component for which it is ap-
14) a list of subcontracted organisations, where applicable, as specified proved when all the necessary facilities, equipment, tooling, material, mainte-
in 145.A.75(b); nance data and certifying staff are available.
15) a list of line stations, where applicable, as specified in 145.A.75(d);
145.A.85 Changes to the Organisation
16) a list of contracted organisations, where applicable.
The organisation shall notify the competent authority of any proposal to carry out
b) The exposition shall be amended as necessary to remain an up-to-date
description of the organisation The exposition and any subsequent any of the following changes before such changes take place to enable the com-
amendment shall be approved by the competent authority. petent authority to determine continued compliance with this Part and to amend, if
necessary, the approval certificate, except that in the case of proposed changes
c) Notwithstanding paragraph (b) minor amendments to the exposition may in personnel not known to the management beforehand, these changes must be
be approved through an exposition procedure (hereinafter called indirect notified at the earliest opportunity:
approval).
1. the name of the organisation;
145.A.75 Privileges of the Organisation 2. the main location of the organisation;
In accordance with the exposition, the organisation shall be entitled to carry out the 3. additional locations of the organisation;
following tasks:
4. the accountable manager;
a) Maintain any aircraft and/or component for which it is approved at the lo-
cations identified in the approval certificate and in the exposition; 5. any of the persons nominated under 145.A.30(b);
b) Arrange for maintenance of any aircraft or component for which it is ap- 6. the facilities, equipment, tools, material, procedures, work scope or certifying
proved at another organisation that is working under the quality system staff that could affect the approval.
of the organisation. This refers to work being carried out by an organisa-
tion not itself appropriately approved to carry out such maintenance un-

145.A.90 Continued Validity

a) An approval shall be issued for an unlimited duration. It shall remain valid
subject to:
1) the organisation remaining in compliance with this Part, in accord-
ance with the provisions related to the handling of findings as speci-
fied under 145.B.40; and
2) the competent authority being granted access to the organisation to
determine continued compliance with this Part; and 3. the certificate
not being surrendered or revoked.
b) Upon surrender or revocation, the approval shall be returned to the com-
petent authority.
145.A.95 Findings
a) A level 1 finding is any significant non-compliance with Part-145 require-
ments which lowers the safety standard and hazards seriously the flight
safety.
b) A level 2 finding is any non-compliance with the Part-145 requirements
which could lower the safety standard and possibly hazard the flight safe-
ty.
c) After receipt of notification of findings according to 145.B.50, the holder
of the maintenance organisation approval shall define a corrective action
plan and demonstrate corrective action to the satisfaction of the compe-
tent authority within a period agreed with this authority.

Section B 145.B.17 Acceptable Means of Compliance

The Agency shall develop acceptable means of compliance that the Member
Procedure for Competent Authorities States may use to establish compliance with this Part. When the acceptable
means of compliance are complied with, the related requirements of this Part shall
145.B.01 Scope be considered as met.
This section establishes the administrative procedures which the competent au-
thority shall follow when exercising its tasks and responsibilities regarding issu- 145.B.20 Initial Approval
ance, continuation, change, suspension or revocation of Part-145 maintenance 1. Provided the requirements of 145.A.30(a) and (b) are complied with, the com-
organisation approvals. petent authority shall formally indicate its acceptance of the personnel, spec-
ified in 145.A.30(a) and (b), to the applicant in writing.
145.B.10 Competent Authority 2. The competent authority shall verify that the procedures specified in the main-
1. General tenance organisation exposition comply with Part-145 and verify that the ac-
The Member State shall designate a competent authority with allocated re- countable manager signs the commitment statement.
sponsibilities for the issuance, continuation, change, suspension or revoca- 3. The competent authority shall verify that the organisation is in compliance with
tion of a maintenance approval. This competent authority shall establish the requirements of Part-145.
documented procedures and an organisational structure. 4. A meeting with the accountable manager shall be convened at least once dur-
2. Resources ing the investigation for approval to ensure that he/she fully understands the
The number of staff must be appropriate to carry out the requirements as de- significance of the approval and the reason for signing the exposition commit-
tailed in this section. ment of the organisation to compliance with the procedures specified in the
exposition.
3. Qualification and training
5. All findings must be confirmed in writing to the organisation.
All staff involved in Part-145 approvals must:
6. The competent authority shall record all findings, closure actions (actions re-
a) be appropriately qualified and have all necessary knowledge, experience
quired to close a finding) and recommendations
and training to perform their allocated tasks.
b) have received training/continuation training on Part-145 where relevant, 7. For initial approval all findings must be corrected before the approval can be
including its intended meaning and standard. issued.
4. Procedures 145.B.25 Issue of Approval
The competent authority shall establish procedures detailing how compliance 1. The competent authority shall formally approve the exposition and issue to the
with this Section B is accomplished. applicant a Form 3 approval certificate, which includes the approval ratings.
The procedures must be reviewed and amended to ensure continued compli- The competent authority shall only issue a certificate when the organisation is
ance. in compliance with Part-145.
2. The competent authority shall indicate the conditions of the approval on the
145.B.15 Organisations Located in Several Member States Form 3 approval certificate.
Where maintenance facilities are located in more than one Member State the in- 3. The reference number shall be included on the Form 3 approval certificate in
vestigation and continued oversight of the approval must be carried out in conjunc- a manner specified by the Agency.
tion with the competent authorities from the Member States in whose territory the
other maintenance facilities are located.

145.B.30 Continuation of an Approval 2) For level 2 findings, the corrective action period granted by the com-
The continuation of an approval shall be monitored in accordance with the appli- petent authority must be appropriate to the nature of the finding but
cable initial approval process under in any case initially must not be more than three months. In certain
circumstances and subject to the nature of the finding the competent
145.B.35 Changes authority may extend the three month period subject to a satisfactory
corrective action plan agreed by the competent authority.
1. The competent authority shall receive notification from the organisation of any
proposed change as listed in 145.A.85. b) Action shall be taken by the competent authority to suspend in whole or
part the approval in case of failure to comply within the timescale granted
The competent authority shall comply with the applicable elements of the ini- by the competent authority
tial process paragraphs for any change to the organisation.
2. The competent authority may prescribe the conditions under which organisa- 145.B.55 Record-Keeping
tion may operate during such changes unless it determines that the approval 1. The competent authority shall establish a system of record-keeping with min-
should be suspended. imum retention criteria that allows adequate traceability of the process to is-
sue, continue, change, suspend or revoke each individual organisation
145.B.40 Maintenance Organisation Exposition (MOE) Amendments approval.
1. In the case of direct approval of the amendments of the exposition, the com- 2. The records shall include as a minimum:
petent authority shall verify that the procedures specified in the exposition are a) the application for an organisation approval, including the continuation
in compliance with Part-145 before formally notifying the approved organisa-
thereof.
tion of the approval.
b) the competent authority continued oversight program including all audit
2. In the case of indirect approval of amendments of the exposition, the compe- records.
tent authority shall ensure that it has an adequate control over the approval of c) the organisation approval certificate including any change thereto.
all exposition amendments.
d) a copy of the audit program listing the dates when audits are due and
145.B.45 Revocation, Suspension and Limitation of Approval when audits were carried out.
The competent authority shall: e) copies of all formal correspondence including Form 4 or equivalent.
a) suspend an approval on reasonable grounds in the case of potential safe- f) details of any exemption and enforcement action(s).
ty threat; or g) any other competent authority audit report forms.
b) suspend, revoke or limit an approval pursuant to 145.B.50. h) maintenance organisation expositions.
3. The minimum retention period for the above records shall be four years.
145.B.50 Findings
4. The competent authority may elect to use either a paper or computer system
a) When during audits or by other means evidence is found showing non- or any combination of both subject to appropriate controls.
compliance with the requirements of Part- 145, the competent authority
shall take the following actions: 145.B.60 Exemptions
1) For level 1 findings, immediate action shall be taken by the compe-
All exemptions granted in accordance with Article 10(3) of the basic Regulation
tent authority to revoke, limit or suspend in whole or in part, depend-
shall be recorded and retained by the competent authority.
ing upon the extent of the level 1 finding, the maintenance
organisation approval, until successful corrective action has been
taken by the organisation.

Appendix I original certificate must be retained by the organisation that received the batch of
items. Failure to retain the original certificate could invalidate the release status of
Use of the EASA Form 1 for Maintenance the items.
NOTE: There is no restriction in the number of copies of the certificate sent to the
General customer or retained by the originator.
The certificate shall comply with the format attached including block numbers in The certificate that accompanies the item may be attached to the item by being
that each block must be located as per the layout. The size of each block may how- placed in an envelope for durability.
ever be varied to suit the individual application, but not to the extent that would
make the certificate unrecognisable. The overall size of the certificate may be sig- Completion of the Release Certificate by the Originator
nificantly increased or decreased so long as the certificate remains recognisable Except as otherwise stated, there must be an entry in all blocks to make the doc-
and legible. If in doubt consult your Member State. ument a valid certificate.
All printing shall be clear and legible to permit easy reading. Block 1 The name and country of the Member State under whose approval the
The certificate shall either be pre-printed or computer generated but in either case certificate was issued. This information may be pre-printed.
the printing of lines and characters must be clear and legible. Pre-printed wording Block 2 Pre-printed Authorised Release certificate/EASA Form 1.
is permitted in accordance with the attached model but no other certification state-
ments are permitted. Block 3 A unique number shall be pre-printed in this block for certificate control
and traceability purposes except that in the case of a computer generated docu-
English and, where relevant, the language(s) of the Member State concerned are ment, the unique number need not be pre-printed where the computer is pro-
acceptable. grammed to produce the number.
Completion of the certificate may be in English when it is used for export purposes, Block 4 The full name and address plus mailing address if different of the ap-
otherwise it can be completed in the official language(s) of the Member State con- proved organisation releasing the items covered by this certificate. This block may
cerned. be pre-printed. Logos, etc., are permitted if the logo can be contained within the
The details to be entered on the certificate can be either machine/computer printed block.
or handwriting using block letters and must permit easy reading. Block 5 Its purpose is to reference work order/contract/invoice or any other inter-
Abbreviations must be restricted to a minimum. nal organisational process such that a fast traceability system can be established.
The space remaining on the reverse side of the certificate may be used by the orig- Block 6 This block is provided for the convenience of the organisation issuing the
inator for any additional information but must not include any certification state- certificate to permit easy crossreference to the 'Remarks' Block 13 by the use of
ment. item numbers. Completion is not mandatory.
The original certificate must accompany the items and correlation must be estab- Where a number of items are to be released on the certificate, it is permissible to
lished between the certificate and the items. A copy of the certificate must be re- use a separate listing cross-referring certificate and list to each other.
tained by the organisation that manufactured or maintained the item. Block 7 The name or description of the item shall be given. Preference shall be
Where the certificate format and data is entirely computer generated, subject to given to use of the Illustrated Parts Catalogue (IPC) designation.
acceptance by the Member State, it is permissible to retain the certificate format Block 8 State the Part Number. Preference shall be given to use of the IPC
and data on a secure database. number designation.
Where a single certificate was used to release a number of items and those items Block 9 Used to indicate the Type-Approved products for which the released items
are subsequently separated out from each other, such as through a parts distrib- are eligible for installation.
utor, then a copy of the original certificate must accompany such items and the

Completion of block is optional but if used, the following entries are permitted: Example: A propeller after transportation.
a) The specific or series aircraft, engine, propeller or auxiliary power unit NOTE: This provision shall only be used in respect of items which were orig-
model, or a reference to a readily available catalogue or manual which inally fully assembled by the manufacturer in accordance with manufacturing
contains such information, for example: A300. requirements such as, but not limited to, Part-21.
b) Various, if known to be eligible for installation on more than one model (*) Approved Standard means a manufacturing/design/maintenance/quality
of Type-Approved product, unless the originator wishes to restrict usage standard approved by the competent authority.
to a particular model installation when it shall so state.
The above statements shall be supported by reference in Block 13 to the ap-
c) Unknown, if eligibility is unknown, this category being primarily for use
proved data/manual/specification used during maintenance.
by maintenance organisations.
Block 13 It is mandatory to state any information in this block either direct or
NOTE: Any information in Block 9 does not constitute authority to fit the item
by reference to supporting documentation that identifies particular data or lim-
to a particular aircraft, engine, propeller or auxiliary power unit. The User/in-
itations relating to the items being released that are necessary for the User/
staller shall confirm via documents such as the Parts Catalogue, Service Bul-
installer to make the final airworthiness determination of the item. Information
letins, etc. that the item is eligible for the particular installation.
shall be clear, complete, and provided in a form and manner which is ade-
Block 10 State the number of items being released. quate for the purpose of making such a determination.
Block 11 State the item Serial Number and/or Batch Number if applicable, if Each statement shall be clearly identified as to which item it relates.
neither is applicable, state N/A.
If there is no statement, state None.
Block 12 The following words in quotation marks, with their definitions, indi-
Some examples of the information to be quoted are as follows:
cate the status of the item being released.
The identity and issue of maintenance documentation used as the ap-
One or a combination of these words shall be stated in this block: proved standard.
1. OVERHAULED Airworthiness Directives carried out and/or found carried out, as appro-
The restoration of a used item by inspection, test and replacement in conform- priate.
ity with an approved standard (*) to extend the operational life. Repairs carried out and/or found carried out, as appropriate.
2. INSPECTED/TESTED Modifications carried out and/or found carried out, as appropriate.
The examination of an item to establish conformity with an approved standard Replacement parts installed and/or parts found installed, as appropriate.
(*). Life limited parts history.
3. MODIFIED Deviations from the customer work order.
Identity of other regulation if not Part-145.
The alteration of an item in conformity with an approved standard (*).
Release statements to satisfy a foreign maintenance requirement.
4. REPAIRED
Release statements to satisfy the conditions of an international mainte-
The restoration of an item to a serviceable condition in conformity with an ap- nance agreement such as, but not limited to, the Canadian Technical Ar-
proved standard (*). rangement Maintenance and the USA Bilateral Aviation Safety
5. RETREADED Agreement - Maintenance Implementation Procedure.
The restoration of a used tyre in conformity with an approved standard (*). NOTE: The latter two statements allow the possibility of dual release against
both Part-145 and a foreign maintenance requirement or the single release by
6. REASSEMBLED a Part-145 approved maintenance organisation against a foreign mainte-
The reassembly of an item in conformity with an approved standard (*). nance requirement. However care should be exercised to tick the relevant

box(es) in block 19 to validate the release. It should also be noted that the dual Please note the User Responsibility Statements are on the reverse of this cer-
release requires the approved data to be approved/accepted by both the tificate. These statements may be added to the front of the certificate below
Member State and the appropriate foreign State and the single release re- the bottom line by reducing the depth of the form.
quires the approved data to be approved/accepted only by the appropriate for-
eign State.
Blocks 14, 15, 16, 17 & 18: Must not be used for maintenance tasks by Part-
145 approved maintenance organisations.
These blocks are specifically reserved for the release/certification of newly
manufactured items in accordance with Part 21 and national aviation regula-
tions in force prior to Part-21 becoming fully effective.
Block 19 Contains the required release to service statement for all mainte-
nance by Part 145 approved maintenance organisations. When non Part-145
maintenance is being released block 13 shall specify the particular national
regulation.
In any case the appropriate box shall be 'ticked' to validate the release.
The certification statement except as otherwise specified in block 13 is in-
tended to address the following situations;
a) The case where the maintenance could not be completed.
b) The case where the maintenance deviated from the standard required by
Part-145.
c) The case where the maintenance was carried out in accordance with a
non Part-145 requirement.
Whichever case or combination of cases shall be specified in block 13.
Block 20 For the signature of the certifying staff authorised by the Part-145
approved maintenance organisation. This signature can be computer printed
subject to the Member State being satisfied that only the signatory can direct
the computer and that a signature is not possible on a blank computer gener-
ated form.
Block 21 The Part-145 approved maintenance organisation reference
number given by the Member State.
Block 22 The printed name of the Block 20 signatory and personal authorisa-
tion reference.
Block 23 The date of signing the Block 19 release to service. (d/m/y). The
month shall appear in letters e.g. Jan, Feb, Mar etc. The release to service
shall be signed at the completion of maintenance.

Figure 1: Authorised release certificate
EASA Form 1
User/Installer Responsibilities
NOTE:
1. It is important to understand that the existence of the Document alone does
not automatically constitute authority to install the part/component/assembly
2. Where the user/installer works in accordance with the national regulations of
an Airworthiness Authority different from the Airworthiness Authority specified
in block 1 it is essential that the user/installer ensures that his/her Airworthi-
ness Authority accepts parts/components/assemblies from the Airworthiness
Authority specified in block 1.
3. Statements 14 and 19 do not constitute installation certification. In all cases
the aircraft maintenance record must contain an installation certification is-
sued in accordance with the national regulations by the user/installer before
the aircraft may be flown.

Appendix II engines and APUs) intended for fitment to the aircraft or engine/APU. The lim-
itation section will specify the scope of such maintenance thereby indicating
Organisations Approval Class and Rating System the extent of approval. A Part-145 approved maintenance organisation with a
category C class rating may also carry out maintenance on an installed com-
1. Except as stated otherwise for the smallest organisation in paragraph 12, Ta- ponent during base and line maintenance or at an engine/APU maintenance
ble 1 outlines the full extent of approval possible under Part-145 in a stand- facility subject to a control procedure in the maintenance organisation exposi-
ardised form. An organisation must be granted an approval ranging from a tion. The maintenance organisation exposition scope of work shall reflect
single class and rating with limitations to all classes and ratings with limita- such activity where permitted by the Member State.
tions.
7. A category D class rating is a self contained class rating not necessarily relat-
2. In addition to Table 1 the Part-145 approved maintenance organisation is re- ed to a specific aircraft, engine or other component. The D1 - Non-Destructive
quired by 145.A.20 to indicate scope of work in the maintenance organisation Testing (NDT) rating is only necessary for a Part-145 approved maintenance
exposition. See also paragraph 11. organisation that carries out NDT as a particular task for another organisation.
3. Within the approval class(es) and rating(s) granted by the Member State, the A Part-145 approved maintenance organisation with a class rating in A or B
scope of work specified in the maintenance organisation exposition defines or C category may carry out NDT on products it is maintaining subject to the
the exact limits of approval. It is therefore essential that the approval class(es) maintenance organisation exposition containing NDT procedures, without the
and rating(s) and the organisation's scope of work are compatible. need for a D1 class rating.
4. A category A class rating means that the Part-145 approved maintenance or- 8. Category A class ratings are subdivided into Base or Line maintenance. A
ganisation may carry out maintenance on the aircraft and any component (in- Part-145 approved maintenance organisation may be approved for either
cluding engines/APUs) only whilst such components are fitted to the aircraft Base or Line maintenance or both. It should be noted that a Line facility lo-
except that such components can be temporarily removed for maintenance cated at a main base facility requires a Line maintenance approval.
when such removal is expressly permitted by the aircraft maintenance manual 9. The limitation section is intended to give the Member State maximum flexi-
to improve access for maintenance subject to a control procedure in the main- bility to customise the approval to a particular organisation. Table 1 specifies
tenance organisation exposition acceptable to the Member State The limita- the types of limitation possible and whilst maintenance is listed last in each
tion section will specify the scope of such maintenance thereby indicating the class rating it is acceptable to stress the maintenance task rather than the air-
extent of approval. craft or engine type or manufacturer, if this is more appropriate to the organi-
5. A category B class rating means that the Part-145 approved maintenance or- sation. An example could be avionic systems installations and maintenance.
ganisation may carry out maintenance on the uninstalled engine/APU (Auxil- 10. Table 1 makes reference to series, type and group in the limitation section of
iary Power Unit) and engine/APU components only whilst such components class A and B. Series means a specific type series such as Airbus 300 or 310
are fitted to the engine/APU except that such components can be temporarily or 319 or Boeing 737-300 series or RB211-524 series etc. Type means a spe-
removed for maintenance when such removal is expressly permitted by the cific type or model such as Airbus 310-240 type or RB 211-524 B4 type etc.
engine/APU manual to improve access for maintenance. The limitation sec- Any number of series or types may be quoted. Group means for example Ces-
tion will specify the scope of such maintenance thereby indicating the extent sna single piston engined aircraft or Lycoming non-supercharged piston en-
of approval. A Part-145 approved maintenance organisation with a category gines etc.
B class rating may also carry out maintenance on an installed engine during
base and line maintenance subject to a control procedure in the mainte- 11. When a lengthy capability list is used which could be subject to frequent
nance organisation exposition. The maintenance organisation exposition amendment, then such amendment shall be in accordance with a procedure
acceptable to the Member State and included in the maintenance organisa-
scope of work shall reflect such activity where permitted by the Member State.
tion exposition. The procedure shall address the issues of who is responsible
6. A category C class rating means that the Part-145 approved maintenance or- for capability list amendment control and the actions that need to be taken for
ganisation may carry out maintenance on uninstalled components (excluding

amendment. Such actions include ensuring compliance with Part-145 for

products or services added to the list.
12. A Part-145 approved maintenance organisation which employs only one per-
son to both plan and carry out all maintenance can only hold a limited scope
of approval rating. The maximum permissible limits are:
CLASS AIRCRAFT RATING A2 AERO- PISTON ENGINED LINE

PLANES & BASE 5 700 KG AND
BELOW
CLASS AIRCRAFT RATING A2 AERO- TURBINE ENGINED

PLANES LINE 5 700 KG AND
BELOW
CLASS AIRCRAFT RATING A3 HELICOP- SINGLE ENGINED LINE

TERS & BASE LESS THAN 3
175 KG
CLASS AIRCRAFT RATING A4 AIRCRAFT NO LIMITATION

OTHER THAN A1, A2
AND A3
CLASS ENGINES RATING B2 PISTON LESS THAN 450 HP
CLASS COMPO- C1 TO C20 AS PER CAPABILITY

NENTS OTHER LIST
THAN COMPLETE
OR APUs
CLASS SPECIAL- D1 NDT NDT METHOD(S) TO BE

ISED SPECIFIED
It should be noted that such an organisation may be further limited by the compe-
tent authority in the scope of approval dependent upon the capability of the partic-
ular organisation.

Table 1:
COMPONENTS C1 Air Cond & Will state aircraft type or aircraft manu-
CLASS RATING LIMITATION BASE LINE OTHER THAN Press facturer or component manufacturer or
COMPLETE the particular component and/or cross
AIRCRAFT A1 Aeroplanes/ Will state aeroplane/ ENGINES OR C2 Auto Flight refer to a capability list in the exposi-
above 5 700 kg series or type and/ APUs tion and/or the maintenance task(s)
or the maintenance C3 Comms and
task(s) Nav
A2 Aeroplanes/ Will state aeroplane/ C4 Doors -

5 700 kg and manufacturer or Hatches
below group or series or
type and/or the C5 Electrical
maintenance tasks Power
A3 Helicopters Will state helicopter C6 Equipment

manufacturer or
C7 Engine -
group or series or
APU
type and/or the
maintenance task(s) C8 Flight Con-
trols
A4 Aircraft other Will state aircraft
than A1, A2 and series or type and/ C9 Fuel - Air-
A3 or the maintenance frame
task(s)
C10 Helicopter -
ENGINES B1 Turbine Will state engine series or type and/or Rotors
the maintenance task(s)
C11 Helicopter -
B2 Piston Will state engine manufacturer or Trans
group or series or type and/or the
maintenance task(s) C12 Hydraulic
B3 APU Will state engine manufacturer or
series or type and/or the maintenance
task(s)

C13 Instruments
C14 Landing
Gear
C15 Oxygen
C16 Propellers
C17 Pneumatic
C18 Protection
ice/ rain/fire
C19 Windows
C20 Structural
SPECIALISED D1 Non-Destruc- Will state particular NDT method(s)

SERVICES tive Testing

Figure 2: Example of EASA Part-145 Approval Certificate (1of3) Figure 3: Example of EASA Part-145 Approval Certificate (2of3)

Figure 4: Example of EASA Part-145 Approval Certificate (3of3)

Figure 5: Example of JAR-66/EASA PART-145 Certification Authorisation

Figure 6: Example of Aircraft Log Book Page Figure 7: Example of Certificate of Release to Service

Figure 8: Example of EASA FORM 1

Figure 9: Example of FAA FORM 8130-3

Figure 10: Example of Aircraft Malfunction and Defect Report

Meldung ber technische Strungen und Mngel an Luftfahrzeugen Annonce de perturbations et dfauts techniques des aronefs
Notificazione di guasti e deficienze tecniche degli aeromobili Aircraft malfunction and defect report
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Luftfahrzeug Kennzeichen Ort / Strecke Datum / Zeit Betriebsstunden/Heures de service/Ore di servizio/Time in service
Aronef Marques Lieu / Route Date / Heure * TSN= Time since new / Totalbetriebsstunden / Heures totales / Ore totali
Aeromobile Marche Luogo / Rotta Data / Ora * TSO= Time s. O/ / Std. seit berholung / Hrs. dep. rvision / Ore dalla rev.
Aircraft Registration Place / Route Date / Time TSN* TSO*
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
HB-
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Luftfahrzeugteil Hersteller Teil-Nummer Werknummer Betriebsstunden/Heures de service/Ore di servizio/Time in service
Partie d'aronef Constructeur No. de pice No. de srie * TSN= Time since new / Totalbetriebsstunden / Heures totales / Ore total
Parte d'aeromobile Costruttore No. de parte No de seria * TSO= Time s. O/ / Std. seit berholung / Hrs. dep. rvision / Ore dalla rev.
Aircraft part Manufacturer Part number Serial number TSN* TSO*
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Kurze Beschreibung der Strung oder des Mangels Brve dscription de la pertubation ou du dfaut
Breva descrizione del guasto o della deficienza Brief description of the malfunction or defect
MUSTERCODE ATA-CODE EINGETRAGEN Eingereicht / Soumis / Presentato/ Submitted

Datum / Date / Data Unterschrift / Signature / Firma
............................. ...............................................


Training Manual 10.4 JAR-OPS 1 Commercial Air Transportation
10.4 JAR-OPS 1 Commercial Air Transportation (Aeroplanes)

JAR-OPS 1 includes the following paragraphs:
Foreword General information Page code F-1 and ff
Check list of pages Lists all the currently valid, effective pages Page code CL-1 and ff
Preambles Summarizes the main changes introduced with each amendment Page code P-1 and ff
Section 1 Requirements Page code 1-1 and ff
Subpart A Applicability Page code 1-A-1 and ff
Subpart B General, incl. details of documentation and manuals to be carried on aircraft Page code 1-B-1 and ff
Subpart C Operator certification and supervision Page code 1-C-1 and ff
Subpart D Operational procedures Page code 1-D-1 and ff
Subpart E All weather operations Page code 1-E-1 and ff
Subpart F Performance general Page code 1-F-1 and ff
Subpart G Performance class A Page code 1-G-1 and ff
Subpart H Performance class B Page code 1-H-1 and ff
Subpart I Performance class C Page code 1-I-1 and ff
Subpart J Mass and balance Page code 1-J-1 and ff
Subpart K Instruments and equipment Page code 1-K-1 and ff
Subpart L Communication and navigation equipment Page code 1-L-1 and ff
Subpart M Aeroplane maintenance Page code 1-M-1 and ff
Subpart N Flight crew Page code 1-N-1 and ff
Sep04 / TEF-THTT Corresponding with EASA Part-66

Subpart O Cabin crew Page code 1-O-1 and ff
Subpart P Manuals, logs and records Page code 1-P-1 and ff
Subpart Q Flight and duty time limitations and rest requirements Page code 1-Q-1 and ff
Subpart R Transport of dangerous goods by air Page code 1-R-1 and ff
Subpart S Security Page code 1-S-1 and ff
Section 2 Acceptable Means of Compliance and Interpretation / Explanatory material (AMC and IEM) Page code 2-1 and ff
Note: JAR-OPS 3 is the requirement for Commercial Air Transport

(Helicopters) and prescribes the requirements applicable to the
operation of any civil helicopter for the purpose of commercial air
transportation by any operator whose principle place of business
is in a JAA member state. JAP-OPS 3 does not apply to
helicopters when used for military, customs, police service,
parachute dropping or firefighting operation.
JAR-OPS 3 section 1 contains the same subparts as JAR-OPS 1
but is adapted to the operation with helicopters. A detailed
description of JAR-OPS 3 has therfore not been included
into this course.

General maintenance activites can be financed and carried out to the standard re-
quired by the authority
An operator shall not operate an aircraft for the purpose of commercial air trans- The operator must have nominated post holders, acceptable to the authority,
portation other than in accordance with JAR-OPS 1. who have managerial competency together with appropriate technical/opera-
Each aircraft shall be operated in compliance with the terms of its Certificate of Air- tional qualifications in aviation. Post holders are required and in that function
worthiness and within the approved limitations contained in its aircraft flight man- responsible for the management and supervision of the following areas:
ual. Flight operation
Air Taxi and aircraft Emergency Medical Service (EMS) operations shall be con- The maintenance system
ducted in accordance with the requirements contained in JAR-OPS 1 except for Crew training
the variations contained in subpart Q, appendices A and B respectively. Ground operations
All Synthetic Training Devices (STD), such as flight simulators or flight training de- Contents of the AOC are specified as follows:
vices replacing an aircraft for training and/or checking purposes are to be qualified Name and location (principal place of business) of the operator
in accordance with the applicable EASA requirements and user approved by the
Date of issue and period of validity
authority for the exercises to be conducted.
Description of the type of operations authorised
Type(s) of aircraft(s) authorised for use
Air Operators Certificates - JAR-OPS1.175 Subpart C and ff Registration markings of the authorised aircraft(s) except that operatorsmay
obtain approval for a system to inform the authority about the registration
An applicant for an AOC, or variation of an AOC, shall allow the authority to exam- markings for aircrafts operated under its AOC
ine all safety aspects of the proposed operation.
Authorised areas of operation
An applicant for an AOC must: Special limitations
Must have a sound and effective management structure in order to ensure the Special authorisations/approvals e.g.: CAT II/CAT III (all weather operation in-
safe conduct of air operations cluding approved minima), Extended Range Twin Operation/ETOPS, Re-
Not hold an AOC issued by another authority unless specifically approved by duced Vertical Separation Minimum/RVSM, Transportation of Dangerous
the authorities concerned Goods.
Have his principal place of business and his registered office located in the
state responsible for issuing the AOC
Have registered the aircraft which are to be operated under the AOC in the
state responsible for issuing the AOC
Satisfy the authority that he is able to conduct safe operations
The operator must satisfy the authority that:
Its organisation and management are suitable and properly matched to the
scale and scope of the operation
Procedures for the supervision of operations have been defined
The operator must have nominated an accountable manager acceptable to
the authority who has corporate authority for ensuring that all operations and

Figure 1: Example of Air Operator Certificate/AOC (1 of 7) Figure 2: Example of Air Operator Certificate/AOC (2 of 7)



Figure 7: Example of Air Operator Certificate/AOC (7 of 7)

Operator's Responsibilities - JAR OPS 1.020 Subpart B The flight crew member have a valid flight crew licence with appropriate rat-
ing(s) for the purpose of the flight.
An operator must ensure that:
All employees are made aware that they shall comply with the laws, regula-
tions and procedures of those states in which operations are conducted and JAR-OPS 1.130 Subpart B - Manuals to be carried
which are pertinent to the performance of their duties; and An operator shall ensure that:
All crew members are familiar with the laws, regulations and procedures per- The current parts of the operations manual relevant to the duties of the crew
tinent to the performance of their duties. are carried on each flight
An operator shall establish one quality system and designate one quality manager Those parts of the operations manual which are required for the conduct of a
to monitor compliance with and the adequacy of procedures required to ensure flight are easily accessible to the crew on board the aircraft
safe operation and airworthy aircrafts. Compliance monitoring must include a The current aircraft flight manual is carried in the aircraft
feed-back system to the accountable manager to ensure corrective action.
An operator shall establish an accident prevention and flight safety programme,
which may be integrated with the quality system. JAR-OPS 1.135 Subpart B - Additional information and forms to be carried
A crew member shall be responsible for: An operator shall ensure that, in addition to the documents and manuals pre-
scribed in JAR-OPS 1.125 and JAR-OPS 1.130, all information and forms, rele-
Proper execution of duties in relation to the safety of the aircraft and its occu-
vant to the type and area of operation, are carried on each flight (for example:
pants
Operational Flight Plan, Aircraft Technical Log, appropriate meteorological infor-
Proper execution of duties specified in the instructions and procedures laid mation, mass and balance documentation, notification of special loads including
down in the operations manual dangerous goods).
Report any fault, failure, malfunction or defect which he believes may affect
the airwothiness or safe operation of the aircraft including emergency systems
Report any incident that endangered or could have endangered the safety of Aircraft Placarding (markings)
operation
Make use of the operators occurence reporting schemes in accordance with (Ref. CS-25, Subpart G, CS-25.1541)
JAR-OPS 1. The aircraft must contain:
The specified markings and placards
Any information, instrument markings and placards required for the safe op-
Documents to be Carried - JAR-OPS 1.125 Subpart B and ff eration if there are unusual design, operating or handling characteristics.
An operator shall ensure that the following documents - the original or a copy Each marking and placard prescribed above:
thereof - are carried on each flight (for examples see chapter 10.5): Must be displayed in a conspicuous place; and
The Certificate of Airworthiness May not be easily erased, disfigured, or obscured.
The Certificate of Registration Instrument markings:
The Noise Certificate (if applicable) When markings are on the cover glass of the instrument, there must be
The Air Operator Certificate means to maintain the correct alignment of the glass cover with the face of the
The Aircraft Radio Licence dial
The Liability Insurance Certificate for aircraft Each instrument marking must be clearly visible to the appropriate crew mem-
ber.

Aeroplane Maintenance - JAR-OPS 1 Subpart M Maintenance Responsibility - JAR-OPS 1.890

An operator shall ensure the airworthiness of the aircraft and the serviceability of
An operator shall not operate an aircraft unless it is maintained and released to
both operational and emergency equipment by:
service by an organisation appropriately approved/accepted in accordance with
PART-145 except that pre-flight inspections need not necessarily be carried out by The accomplishment of pre-flight inspections
the PART-145 organisation. Note: Pre-flight inspections means the inspection carried out
before flight to ensure that the aircraft is fit for the
This subpart prescribes aircraft maintenance requirements needed to comply with
the operator certification requirements in JAR-OPS 1.180. intended flight. It does not include defect rectification.
The rectification to an approved standard of any defect and damage affecting
A contract with a PART-145 Approved Maintenance Organisation/AMO is a pre- safe operation, taking into account the Minimum Equipment List/MEL and
requisite required by the authority for granting an Air Operator Certificate/AOC to Configuration Deviation List/CDL if available for the aircraft type
an applicant.
The accomplishment of all maintenance in accordance with the approved op-
The operator defines the subjects to be dealt with between the operator and the erator's aircraft maintenance programme specified in JAR-OPS 1.910
maintenance provider in the Maintenance Management Exposition/MME. The The analysis of the effectiveness of the operator's approved aircraft mainte-
MME is a prerequisite for the operator to be able to be approved by the authority nance programme
in accordance with JAR-OPS 1.
The accomplishment of any operational directive, airworthiness directive and
The MME includes requirements of the operator in respect to: any other continued airworthiness requirement made mandatory by the au-
Aircraft technical log thority
Minimum Equipment List/MEL application The accomplishment of modifications in accordance with an approved stand-
Operators aircraft maintenance program ard and, for non-mandatory modifications, the establishment of an embodi-
Maintenance records retention ment policy
Accomplishement and control of Airworthiness Directives/AD The requirements specified in JAR-OPS 1.890 must be performed in accordance
Mandatory and non-mandatory modifications with procedures acceptable to the authority.
Engineering activity
Reliability program
Pre-flight inspection
Maintenance Management - JAR-OPS 1.895
Aircraft weighing An operator must be appropriately approved in accordance with PART-145 to car-
Flight test procedures ry out the requirements specified in JAR-OPS 1.890 except when the authority is
satisfied that the maintenance can be contracted to an appropriate PART-145 ap-
ETOPS requirements proved/accepted organisation.
RVSM requirements
An operator must employ a person or group of persons acceptable to the authority
All weather operation to ensure that all maintenance is carried out on time to an approved standard such
Sample of documents that the maintenance responsibility requirements prescribed in JAR-OPS 1.890
are satisfied. The person, or senior person as appropriate, is the nominated post-
holder referred to in JAR-OPS 1.175. The nominated postholder for maintenance
is also responsible for any corrective action resulting from the quality monitoring in
accordance with the quality system defined in JAR-OPS 1.900.

The nominated postholder for maintenance should not be employed by a PART- Scheduled maintenance tasks define the intervals/frequencies at which the aircraft
145 AMO under contract to the operator, unless specifically agreed by the author- airframe, systems and whilst installed on aircraft (on wing) engines and compo-
ity. nents are checked, cleaned, lubricated, replenished, adjusted and tested.
When an operator is not appropriately approved in accordance with PART-145, ar- Details of specific structural inspections or sampling programs and the corrosion
rangements must be made with such an organisation to carry out the requirements pervention control programs form also a part of the operators aircraft maintenance
specified in JAR-OPS 1.890. The arrangement must be in the form of a written program.
maintenance contract between the operator and the PART-145 AMO detailing the Life limited parts are components which must be removed from service within the
functions specified in JAR-OPS 1.890 and defining the support of the quality func- life limits specified in the operators aircraft maintenance program. Life limited
tions of JAR-OPS 1.900. aircraft base and scheduled line maintenance and engine parts are known to be installed in the landing gear system and the engine.
maintenance contracts, together with all amendments, must be acceptable to the
authority. The authority does not require the commercial elements of a mainte- The scheduled maintenance tasks to be accomlished consist of:
nance contract. Maintenance requirement items based on the Maintenance Planning Docu-
ment issued by the manufacturer
The operator may have a contract with an organisation that is not PART-145 ap-
proved/accepted, provided that this contract, together with all amendments, is ac- Service Bulletins
ceptable to the Authority. The authority does not require the commercial elements Alert Service Bulletins
of a maintenance contract Airworthiness Directives
An operator must provide suitable office accommodation at appropriate locations Engineering orders of the PART-145 AMO
for the nominated postholder maintenance and his organisation. The non-scheduled maintenance tasks consist of:
Defects found during the accomplishement of the scheduled maintenance
tasks
Operators Aircraft Maintenance Program - JAR-OPS 1.910 Observed during the operation of the aircraft
An operator must ensure that the aircraft is maintained in accordance with the op- Engine and component trend monitoring
erator's aircraft maintenance programme. The programme must contain details,
including frequency, of all maintenance required to be carried out. The programme
will be required to include a reliability programme when the authority determines
that such a reliability programme is necessary.
An operator's aircraft maintenance programme and any subsequent amendment
must be approved by the authority.
Each specific aircraft maintenance program contains the technical activities to
maintain the aircraft in a safe, airworthy and reliable condition.
Each aircraft maintenance program includes the schedule maintenance tasks
which are accomplished at specific intervals with objective to prevent deterioration
of inherent safety and reliability levels.
The aircraft maintenance program includes details from the pre-flight maintenance
tasks to the heavy maintenance tasks, which are accomplished by the mainte-
nance personnel.

Figure 8: Example of an Operators Aircraft Maintenance Program

Operators Aircraft Technical Log - JAR-OPS 1.915 All work performed on the aircraft, entered as individual items
An operator must use an aircraft technical log system containing the following in- All checks performed on th aircraft
formation for each aircraft: The engine and hydraulic oil refilled
Information about each flight necessary to ensure continued flight safety The remaining fuel on borad
The current aircraft certificate of release to service Confirmation of action taken
The current maintenance statement giving the aircraft maintenance status of The PART-145 AMO release to service
what scheduled and out of phase maintenance is next due except that the au- De-/Anti-icing information
thority may agree to the maintenance statement being kept elsewhere No remarks during a flight must be clearly stated by crew with entering "NIL" in the
All outstanding deferred defects that affect the operation of the aircraft respective field.
Any necessary guidance instructions on maintenance support arrangements
The aircraft technical log system and any subsequent amendment must be ap-
proved by the authority.
The aircraft technical log system is established for recording of defects and mal-
functions discovered during operation and for recording details of all maintenance
carried out on the particular aircraft.
In addition it includes maintenance information required by the crew and is used
for recording operating information relevant to flight safety.
The maintenance information includes:
Observation and remarks as a result of aircraft operation including aircraft, en-
gines, components and systems technical status.
Defects or incidents having an effect on airworthiness
Maintenance performed by the contracted PART-145 AMO which details:
Defect rectification actions taken and associated responses to crews
requests and remarks
Scheduled maintenance inspections performed
Any Minimum Equipment List/MEL technical limitations proposed by
the contracted PART-145 AMO.
The Aircraft Technical Log reflects in summary the following:
The flight number
The landing/departing station
The aircraft registration
The date
The flight time per flight leg
The number of landings during training or check flights
All technical snags encountered during the operation of the aircraft

Figure 9: Example of an operators aicraft technical log Maintenance Records - JAR-OPS 1.920
An operator shall ensure that the aircraft technical log is retained for 24 months
after the date of the last entry.
An operator shall ensure that a system has been established to keep, in a form
acceptable to the authority, the following records for the periods specified:
All detailed maintenance records in respect of the aircraft and any aircraft
component fitted thereto - 24 months after the aircraft or aircraft component
was released to service
The total time and flight cycles as appropriate, of the aircraft and all life-limited
aircraft components - 12 months after the aircraft has been permanently with-
drawn from service
The time and flight cycles as appropriate, since last overhaul of the aircraft or
aircraft component subjected to an overhaul life - until the aircraft or aircraft
component overhaul has been superseded by another overhaul of equivalent
work scope and detail
The current aircraft inspection status such that compliance with the approved
operator's aircraft maintenance programme can be established - until the air-
craft or aircraft component inspection has been superseded by another in-
spection, of equivalent work scopes and detail
The current status of Airworthiness Directives (AD) applicable to the aircraft
and aircraft component's - 12 months after the aircraft has been permanently
withdrawn from service
Details of current modifications and repairs to the aircraft, engines, propellers
and any other aircraft component vital to flight safety - 12 months after the air-
craft has been permanently withdrawn from service
An operator may based on a contract delegate the preservation of the mainte-
nance records to the contracted PART-145 AMO.
An operator shall ensure that when an aircraft is permanently transferred from one
operator to another operator the records specified in JAR-OPS 1.920 are also
transferred and the time periods prescribed will continue to apply to the new oper-
ator.

Accident / Occurrence Reporting In-flight emergencies with dangerous goods on board:

If an in-flight emergency occurs and the situation permits, the commander
Accident Reporting shall inform the appropriate air traffic services unit of any dangerous goods on
An operator shall establish procedures to ensure that the nearest appropriate au- board.
thority is notified by the quickest available means of any accident, involving the air- Unlawful interference:
craft, resulting in serious injury (as defined in ICAO Annex 13) or death of any Following an act of unlawful interference on board an aircraft, the commander
person or substantial damage to the aircraft or property. shall submit a report, as soon as practicable, to the appropriate authority.
A commander shall submit a report to the authority of any accident on board, re- Irregularities of ground and navigational facilities and hazardous conditions:
sulting in serious injury to, or death of, any person on board while he was respon-
The commander shall notify the appropriate ground station as soon as practi-
sible for the flight.
cable whenever a potentially hazardous condition such as:
An irregularity in a ground or navigational facility
Occurrence Reporting A meteorological phenomenon
A volcanic ash cloud
Flight Incidents:
A high radiation level
The commander of an aircraft shall submit a report to the authority of any in-
cident that has endangered or may have endangered safe operation of a is encountered during flight.
flight.
Reports shall be despatched within 72 hours of the event, unless exceptional Note: See also chapter 10.3 and respective Technical Communication
circumstances prevent this.
Technical defects and exceedance of technical limitations:
The commander shall ensure that all technical defects and exceedances of
technical limitations occurring while he was responsible for the flight are re-
corded in the aircraft's technical log.
Air Traffic Incidents: The commander shall submit an air traffic incident report ac-
cording ICAO rules whenever an aircraft in flight has been endangered by:
A near collision with any other flying device
Faulty air traffic procedures or lack of compliance with applicable procedures
by Air Traffic Services or by the flight crew
A failure of ATS facilities
Bird hazards and strikes:
The commander shall immediately inform the appropriate ground station
whenever a potential bird hazard is observed.
The commander shall submit a written bird strike report after landing whenev-
er an aircraft for which he is responsible suffers a bird strike.

Training Manual 10.5 Aircraft Certification
10.5 Aircraft Certification

Figure 1: EASA Implementing Rules/Certification Specifications
Maintaining the given Certification Standard
Maintaining aircraft based on

operators requirement
Certification Operation Maintenance

PART-21 PART-66
Certification
Procedure for Aircraft, Certifying Staff
Products and Parts JAR-OPS 1 PART-145
CS-25 Commercial Air
Maintenance Org.
Large Aircraft Transportation
Aircraft
PART-147
CS-29 Maint. Training
Large Rotorcraft Organisations
JAR-OPS 1
Subpart M
JAR-OPS 3
Commercial Air
Transportation
Helicopters
PART-M
Continuing
Airworthiness

Part - 21 Article 2
Products, Parts and Appliances Certification
General 1. Products, parts and appliances shall be issued certificates as specified in Part
The COMMISSION REGULATION (EC) No 1702/2003 dated 24 September 2003 21.
is laying down implementing rules for the airworthiness and environmental certifi- 2. By way of derogation from paragraph 1, aircraft, including any installed prod-
cation of aircraft and related products, parts and appliances, as well as for the cer- uct, part and appliance, which are not registered in a Member State shall be
tification of design and production organisations. exempted from the provisions of Subparts H and I of Part 21.
The following five articles describe the main content of this regulation. 3. With regard to a product that has a type-certificate issued before 28 Septem-
ber 2003 by a Member State, the following provisions shall apply:
Article 1 a) Such a product shall be deemed to have a type-certificate issued in ac-
cordance with this Regulation when:
Scope and Definitions
i) its type-certification basis is:
1. This Regulation lays down, in accordance with Article 5(4) and 6(3) of the ba-
the JAA type-certification basis, for products that have been cer-
sic Regulation, common technical requirements and administrative proce- tificated under JAA procedures, as defined in their JAA data
dures for the airworthiness and environmental certification of products, parts sheet; or
and appliances specifying:
for other products, the type-certification basis as defined in the
a) the issue of type-certificates, restricted type-certificates, supplemental type-certificate data sheet of the State of design, if that State of
type-certificates and changes to those certificates;
design is:
b) the issue of certificates of airworthiness, restricted certificates of airwor- a Member State, unless the Agency determines, taking into
thiness, permits to fly and authorised release certificates;
account, in particular, airworthiness codes used and serv-
c) the issue of repair design approvals; ice experience, that such type-certification basis does not
d) the showing of compliance with environmental protection requirements; provide for a level of safety equivalent to that required by
e) (the issue of noise certificates; the basic Regulation and this Regulation; or
f) the identification of products, parts and appliances; a State with which a Member State has concluded a bilat-
g) the certification of certain parts and appliances; eral airworthiness agreement or similar arrangement under
which such products have been certificated on the basis of
h) the certification of design and production organisations;
that State of design airworthiness codes, unless the Agen-
i) the issue of airworthiness directives. cy determines that such airworthiness codes or service ex-
2. For the purpose of this Regulation, the following definitions shall apply: perience or the safety system of that State of design do not
a) JAA means the Joint Aviation Authorities. provide for a level of safety equivalent to that required by
b) JAR means Joint Aviation Requirements. the basic Regulation and this Regulation;
c) Part 21 means the requirements and procedures for the certification of The Agency shall make a first evaluation of the implication
aircraft and related products, parts and appliances, and of design and of these two above provisions in view of producing an opin-
production organisations annexed to this Regulation. ion to the Commission including possible amendments to
the present Regulation.
d) Part M means the applicable continuing airworthiness requirements
adopted in pursuance to the basic Regulation.

ii) the environmental protection requirements are those laid down a) if an approval process is being carried out by several Member States, the
in Annex 16 to the Chicago Convention, as applicable to the most advanced project shall be used as the reference;
product; b) 21A.93 of Part 21 shall not apply;
iii) the applicable airworthiness directives are those of the State of c) the applicable type-certification basis shall be that established by the JAA
design. or, where applicable, the Member State at the date of application for the
b) The design of an individual aircraft, which is on the register of a Member approval of change;
State before 28 September 2003, shall be deemed to have been ap- d) compliance findings made under JAA or Member State procedures shall
proved in accordance with this Regulation when: be deemed to have been made by the Agency for the purpose of comply-
i) its basic type design is part of a type-certificate referred to in ing with 21A.103(a)(2) and (b) of Part 21.
paragraph (a); 6. With regard to supplemental type-certificates for which a certification process
ii) all changes to this basic type design, which are not under the re- is being carried out by a Member State on 28 September 2003 under applica-
sponsibility of the type-certificate holder, have been approved; ble JAA supplemental typecertificate procedures; and with regard to major
and changes to products, proposed by persons other than the type-certificate
iii) the airworthiness directives issued or adopted by the Member holder of the product, for which a certification process is being carried out by
State of registry before 28 September 2003 are complied with, a Member State on 28 September 2003 under applicable national proce-
including any variations to the airworthiness directives of the dures:
State of design agreed by the Member State of registry. a) if a certification process is being carried out by several Member States,
c) The Agency shall determine the type-certificate of the products not meet- the most advanced project shall be used as the reference;
ing paragraph (a) before 28 March 2007. b) 21A.113 (a) and (b) of Part 21 shall not apply;
d) The Agency shall determine the type-certificate data sheet for noise for c) the applicable certification basis shall be that established by the JAA or,
all products covered by paragraph (a) before 28 March 2007. Until such where applicable, the Member State at the date of application for the sup-
determination, Member States may continue to issue noise certificates in plemental type-certificate or the major change approval;
accordance with applicable national regulations. d) the compliance findings made under JAA or Member State procedures
4. With regard to products for which a type-certification process is proceeding shall be deemed to have been made by the Agency for the purpose of
through the JAA or a Member State on 28 September 2003: complying with 21A.115(a) of Part 21.
a) if a product is under certification by several Member States, the most ad- 7. With regard to products that have a national type-certificate, or equivalent,
vanced project shall be used as the reference; and for which the approval process of a major repair design carried out by a
b) 21A.15(a), (b) and (c) of Part 21 shall not apply; Member State is not finalised at the time when the type-certificate is deter-
c) by way of derogation from 21A.17(a) of Part 21, the type certification ba- mined in accordance with this Regulation, compliance findings made under
sis shall be that established by the JAA or, where applicable, the Member JAA or Member State procedures shall be deemed to have been made by the
State at the date of application for the approval; Agency for the purpose of complying with 21A.433(a) of Part 21.
d) compliance findings made under JAA or Member State procedures shall 8. With regard to parts and appliances for which an approval or authorisation
be deemed to have been made by the Agency for the purpose of comply- process is being carried out by a Member State on 28 September 2003:
ing with 21A.20(a) and (b) of Part 21; a) if an authorisation process is being carried out by several Member States,
5. With regard to products that have a national type-certificate, or equivalent, the most advanced project shall be used as the reference;
and for which the approval process of a change carried out by a Member State b) 21A.603 of Part 21 shall not apply;
is not finalised at the time when the type-certificate is determined in accord-
ance with this Regulation:

c) the applicable data requirements under 21A.605 of Part 21 shall be those 2003, the supplemental type-certificate, or change, shall be deemed to have
established by the relevant Member State, at the date of application for been issued under this Regulation.
the approval or authorisation;
d) compliance findings made by the relevant Member State shall be Article 3
deemed to have been made by the Agency for the purpose of complying
with 21A.606(b) of Part 21. Design Organisations
9. A certificate of airworthiness issued by a Member State attesting conformity 1. An organisation responsible for the design of products, parts and appliances
with a type-certificate determined in accordance with paragraph 3 shall be or for changes or repairs thereto shall demonstrate its capability in accord-
deemed to comply with this Regulation. ance with Part 21.
10. Pending Agency determination under point (c) of paragraph 3, aircraft types 2. By way of derogation from paragraph 1, an organisation whose principal place
which are permitted to fly by a Member State before 28 September 2003 and of business is in a non-member State may demonstrate its capability by hold-
which cannot be issued a type-certificate in accordance with paragraph 3 shall ing a certificate issued by that State for the product, part and appliance for
remain under the responsibility of the Member State of registry under applica- which it applies, provided:
ble national regulations. a) that State is the State of design; and
11. Until 28 March 2007, Member States shall make the findings that the aircraft b) the Agency has determined that the system of that State includes the
and appropriate associated restrictions compensating for departure from the same independent level of checking of compliance as provided by this
essential requirements permit the aircraft to perform safely a basic flight. In Regulation, either through an equivalent system of approvals of organi-
such case, permits to fly shall contain a limitation for use in the airspace of the sations or through direct involvement of the competent authority of that
Member State whose competent authority is issuing the permit. Flights out- State.
side of this airspace shall entail validation of the permit by the competent au- 3. Design organisation approvals issued or recognised by a Member State in ac-
thorities of the States concerned. cordance with the JAA requirements and procedures and valid before 28 Sep-
Until 28 March 2007, an aircraft which was permitted by a Member State to fly tember 2003 shall be deemed to comply with this Regulation. In such case,
before 28 September 2003 without an airworthiness certificate may remain the period for closure of level two findings, referred to in Subpart J of Part 21,
under the responsibility of the Member State under applicable national regu- shall not exceed one year when those findings are associated with differences
lations. Such aircraft shall fly only within the airspace of the relevant Member with previous applicable JAR.
State. Flights outside of this airspace shall require the permission of the com- 4. A type-certificate holder who does not hold on 28 September 2003 an appro-
petent authority of the State concerned. priate design organisation approval issued under applicable JAA procedures
12. Where reference is made in Part 21 to apply and/or to comply with the provi- shall demonstrate its capability under the conditions laid down in 21A.14 of
sions of Part M and Part M is not in force, the relevant national rules shall ap- Part 21 before 28 September 2005.
ply instead. 5. An organisation, being the applicant for a supplemental type-certificate, a ma-
13. Approvals of parts and appliances issued by a Member State and valid on 28 jor repair design approval or an Auxiliary Power Unit design approval which
September 2003 shall be deemed to have been issued in accordance with this does not hold on 28 September 2003 an appropriate design organisation ap-
Regulation. proval issued by a Member State under applicable JAA procedures shall dem-
onstrate its capability before 28 September 2005 in accordance with Part 21,
14. With regard to supplemental type-certificates issued by a Member State under 21A.112, 21A.432B, or in the case of an Auxiliary Power Unit, 21A.602B.
JAA procedures or applicable national procedures and with regard to changes
to products proposed by persons other than the type-certificate holder of the 6. With regard to organisations for which a design organisation approval is pro-
product, approved by a Member State under applicable national procedures, ceeding through a Member State on 28 September 2003 under applicable
where the supplemental type-certificate, or change, is valid on 28 September JAA procedures:

1) 21A.234 of Part 21 shall not apply; b) compliance findings made under JAA procedures shall be deemed to
2) compliance findings made under JAA procedures shall be deemed have been made by the Agency for the purpose of complying with
to have been made by the Agency for the purpose of complying with 21A.145 of Part 21.
21A.245 of Part 21.
Article 5
Article 4
Entry Into Force
Production Organisations 1. This Regulation shall enter into force on 28 September 2003, except for
1. An organisation responsible for the manufacture of products, parts and appli- 21A.804(a)(3) of Part 21 which shall enter into force on 28 March 2004 and
ances shall demonstrate its capability in accordance with the provisions of Subparts H of Part 21 which shall enter into force on 28 September 2004.
Part 21. 2. By way of derogation from 21A.159 of Part 21, Member States may issue ap-
2. By way of derogation from paragraph 1, a manufacturer whose principal place provals of a limited duration until 28 September 2005.
of business is in a non-member State may demonstrate its capability by hold- 3. By way of derogation from 21A.181 of Part 21, Member States may issue cer-
ing a certificate issued by that State for the product, part and appliance for tificates of a limited duration until 28 September 2008.
which it applies, provided:
4. When a Member State makes use of the provisions of paragraphs 2 or 3 it
a) that State is the State of manufacture; and shall notify the Commission and the Agency.
b) the Agency has determined that the system of that State includes the
5. The Agency shall make, in due time, an evaluation of the implication of the
same independent level of checking of compliance as provided by this
provisions of this Regulation on the duration of the validity of approvals in view
Regulation, either through an equivalent system of approvals of organi-
of producing an opinion to the Commission including possible amendments to
sations or through direct involvement of the competent authority of that
it.
State.
The Annex to the regulation No 1702/2003 contains the PART-21 which includes
3. Production organisation approvals issued or recognised by a Member State
all regulatory details in respect to
in accordance with the JAA requirements and procedures and valid before 28
September 2003 shall be deemed to comply with this Regulation. In such "Certification of aircraft and related products, parts and appliances,
case, the period for closure of level two findings, referred to in Subpart G of and of design and production organisations"
Part 21, shall not exceed one year when those findings are associated with
differences with previous applicable JAR.
4. An organisation shall demonstrate its capability under this Regulation before
28 September 2005.
5. Until an organisation has demonstrated its capability under Subparts F and G
of Part 21, statements of conformity and authorised release certificates issued
by that organisation under applicable national regulations shall be deemed to
have been issued under this Regulation.
6. With regard to organisations for which a production organisation approval is
proceeding through a Member State on 28 September 2003 under applicable
JAA procedures:
a) 21A.134 of Part 21 shall not apply;

Overview
SECTION A
REQUIREMENTS FOR APPLICANTS AND
ACQUIRED RIGHTS AND OBLIGATIONS
SUBPART A 21A.1 Scope

GENERAL PROVISION
21A.2 Undertaking by another person than the applicant for, or holder of, a cer-
tificate
21A.3 Failures, malfunctions and defects
21A.3B Airworthiness directives
21A.4 Coordination between design and production
SUBPART B 21A.11 Scope

TYPE-CERTIFICATES AND RESTRICTED TYPE-
CERTIFICATES
21A.13 Eligibility
21A.14 Demonstration of capability
21A.15 Application
21A.16A Airworthiness codes
21A.16B Special conditions
21A.17 Type-certification basis
21A.18 Designation of applicable environmental protection requirements and

certification specifications
21A.19 Changes requiring a new type-certificate
21A.20 Compliance with the type-certification basis and environmental protec-

tion requirements

21A.21 Issue of a type-certificate
21A.23 Issue of a restricted type-certificate
21A.31 Type design
21A.33 Investigation and tests
21A.35 Flight Tests
21A.41 Type-certificate
21A.44 Obligations of the holder
21A.47 Transferability
21A.51 Duration and continued validity
21A.55 Record keeping
21A.57 Manuals
21A.61 Instructions for continued airworthiness
(SUBPART C - NOT APPLICABLE)
SUBPART D 21A.90 Scope

CHANGES TO TYPE-CERTIFICATES AND
RESTRICTED TYPE-CERTIFICATES
21A.91 Classification of changes in type design
21A.92 Eligibility
21A.93 Application
21A.95 Minor changes
21A.97 Major changes
21A.101 Designation of applicable certification specifications and environmen-

tal protection requirements

21A.103 Issue of approval
21A.109 Obligations and EPA marking
SUBPART E 21A.111 Scope

SUPPLEMENTAL TYPE-CERTIFICATES
21A.112 Eligibility
21A.112B Demonstration of capability
21A.113 Application for a supplemental type-certificate
21A.114 Showing of compliance
21A.115 Issue of a supplemental type-certificate
21A.117 Changes to that part of a product covered by a supplemental type-cer-

tificate
21A.118A Obligations and EPA marking
21A.118B Duration and continued validity
21A.119 Manuals
SUBPART F 21A.121 Scope

PRODUCTION WITHOUT PRODUCTION ORGAN-
ISATION APPROVAL
21A.122 Eligibility
21A.124 Application
21A.125 Issue of a letter of agreement

21A.125B Findings
21A.125C Duration and continued validity
21A.126 Production inspection system
21A.127 Tests: aircraft
21A.128 Tests: engines and propellers
21A.129 Obligations of the manufacturer
21A.130 Statement of conformity
SUBPART G 21A.131 Scope

PRODUCTION ORGANISATION APPROVAL
21A.133 Eligibility
21A.134 Application
21A.135 Issue of production organisation approval
21A.139 Quality System
21A.143 Exposition
21A.145 Approval requirements
21A.147 Changes to the approved production organisation
21A.148 Changes of location
21A.151 Terms of approval
21A.153 Changes to the terms of approval
21A.157 Investigations
21A.158 Findings

21A.163 Privileges
SUBPART H 21A.171 Scope

AIRWORTHINESS CERTIFICATES
21A.172 Eligibility
21A.173 Classification
21A.174 Application
21A.175 Language
21A.177 Amendment or modification
21A.179 Transferability and re-issuance within Member States
21A.180 Inspections
21A.182 Aircraft identification
21A.183 Issue of certificates of airworthiness
21A.184 Issue of restricted certificates of airworthiness
21A.185 Issue of permits to fly
SUBPART I 21A.201 Scope

NOISE CERTIFICATES
21A.203 Eligibility
21A.204 Application
21A.205 Issue of noise certificates
21A.207 Amendment or modification

21A.209 Transferability and re-issuance within Member States
21A.210 Inspections
SUBPART J 21A.231 Scope

DESIGN ORGANISATION APPROVAL
21A.233 Eligibility
21A.234 Application
21A.235 Issue of design organisation approval
21A.239 Design assurance system
21A.243 Data
21A.245 Approval requirements
21A.247 Changes in design assurance system
21A.251 Terms of approval
21A.253 Changes to the terms of approval
21A.257 Investigations
21A.258 Findings
21A.263 Privileges
SUBPART K 21A.301 Scope

PARTS AND APPLIANCES
21A.303 Compliance with applicable requirements

21A.305 Approval of parts and appliances
21A.307 Release of parts and appliances for installation
(SUBPART L - NOT APPLICABLE)
SUBPART M 21A.431 Scope

REPAIRS
21A.432 Eligibility
21A.433 Repair design
21A.435 Classification of repairs
21A.437 Issue of a repair design approval
21A.439 Production of repair parts
21A.441 Repair embodiment
21A.443 Limitations
21A.445 Unrepaired damage
21A.451 Obligations and EPA marking
(SUBPART N - NOT APPLICABLE)
SUBPART O 21A.601 Scope

EUROPEAN TECHNICAL STANDARD ORDER
AUTHORISATIONS
21A.602A Eligibility

21A.603 Application
21A.604 ETSO Authorisation for an Auxiliary Power Unit (APU)
21A.605 Data requirements
21A.606 Issue of ETSO authorisation
21A.607 ETSO authorisation privileges
21A.608 Declaration of Design and Performance (DDP)
21A.609 Obligations of holders of ETSO authorisations
21A.610 Approval for deviation
21A.611 Design changes
21A.615 Inspection by the Agency
(SUBPART P - NOT APPLICABLE)
SUBPART Q 21A.801 Identification of products

IDENTIFICATION OF PRODUCTS, PARTS AND
APPLIANCES
21A.803 Handling of identification data
21A.804 Identification of parts and appliances
21A.805 Identification of critical parts
21A.807 Identification of ETSO articles
SECTION B
PROCEDURES FOR COMPETENT AUTHORI-
TIES

SUBPART A 21B.5 Scope

GENERAL PROVISIONS
21B.20 Obligations of the competent authority
21B.25 Requirements for the organisation of the competent authority
21B.30 Documented procedures
21B.35 Changes in organisation and procedures
21B.40 Resolution of disputes
21B.45 Reporting/co-ordination
21B.55 Record keeping
21B.60 Airworthiness directives
SUBPART B
TYPE-CERTIFICATES AND RESTRICTED TYPE-
CERTIFICATES
(SUBPART C - NOT APPLICABLE)
SUBPART D
CHANGES TO TYPE-CERTIFICATES AND
RESTRICTED TYPE-CERTIFICATES
SUBPART E
SUPPLEMENTAL TYPE-CERTIFICATES
SUBPART F 21B.120 Investigation

PRODUCTION WITHOUT PRODUCTION ORGAN-
ISATION APPROVAL
21B.130 Issue of letter of agreement
21B.135 Maintenance of the letter of agreement
21B.140 Amendment of a letter of agreement

21B.143 Notification of findings
21B.145 Suspension and revocation of a letter of agreement
SUBPART G 21B.220 Investigation

PRODUCTION ORGANISATION APPROVAL
21B.225 Notification of findings
21B.230 Issue of certificate
21B.235 Continued surveillance
21B.240 Amendment of a production organisation approval
21B.245 Suspension and revocation of a production organisation approval
SUBPART H 21B.320 Investigation

AIRWORTHINESS CERTIFICATES
21B.325 Issue of airworthiness certificates
21B.330 Suspension and revocation of airworthiness certificates
SUBPART I 21B.420 Investigation

NOISE CERTIFICATES
21B.425 Issue of noise certificates
21B.430 Suspension and revocation of a noise certificate
SUBPART J
DESIGN ORGANISATION APPROVAL

SUBPART K
PARTS AND APPLIANCES
(SUBPART L - NOT APPLICABLE)
SUBPART M
REPAIRS
(SUBPART N - NOT APPLICABLE)
SUBPART O
EUROPEAN TECHNICAL STANDARD ORDER
AUTHORISATIONS
(SUBPART P - NOT APPLICABLE)
SUBPART Q
IDENTIFICATION OF PRODUCTS, PARTS AND
APPLIANCES
Appendix I Not shown

EASA Form 1 Authorised Release Certificate
Appendix II Not shown

EASA Form 15a Airwortliiness Review Certificate
Appendix III Not shown

EASA Form 20 Permit to Fly
Appendix IV Not shown

EASA Form 24 Restricted Certificate of Airworthi-
ness
Appendix V Not shown

EASA Form 25 Certificate of Airworthiness
Appendix VI Not shown

EASA Form 45 Noise Certificate
Appendix VII Not shown

EASA Form 52 Aircraft Statement of Conformity

Appendix VIII Not shown

EASA Form 53 Certificate of Release to Service
Appendix IX Not shown

EASA Form 55 Production Organisation Approval
Certificate
Appendix X Not shown

EASA Form 65 Letter of Agreement (Production
without POA)

Selected Paragraphs of PART-21 Subpart B - Type-Certificates and Restricted Type-Certificates
Subpart A - General Provision 21A.11 Scope

This Subpart establishes the procedure for issuing type-certificates for products
21A.3B Airworthiness Directives and restricted type-certificates for aircraft, and establishes the rights and obliga-
a) An airworthiness directive means a document issued or adopted by the tions of the applicants for, and holders of, those certificates.
Agency which mandates actions to be performed on an aircraft to restore
an acceptable level of safety, when evidence shows that the safety level 21A.14 Demonstration of Capability
of this aircraft may otherwise be compromised. a) Any organisation applying for a type-certificate or restricted type-certifi-
b) The Agency shall issue an airworthiness directive when: cate shall demonstrate its capability by holding a design organisation ap-
1) an unsafe condition has been determined by the Agency to exist in proval, issued by the Agency in accordance with Subpart J.
an aircraft, as a result of a deficiency in the aircraft, or an engine, pro- 21A.20 Compliance with the Type-Certification Basis and
peller, part or appliance installed on this aircraft; and Environmental Protection Requirements
2) that condition is likely to exist or develop in other aircraft.
a) The applicant for a type-certificate or a restricted type-certificate shall
c) When an airworthiness directive has to be issued by the agency to cor- show compliance with the applicable typecertification basis and environ-
rect the unsafe condition referred to in paragraph (b), or to require the mental protection requirements and shall provide to the Agency the
performance of an inspection, the holder of the type-certificate, restricted means by which such compliance has been shown.
type-certificate, supplemental type-certificate, major repair design ap-
b) The applicant shall declare that it has shown compliance with all applica-
proval, ETSO authorisation or any other relevant approval deemed to
ble type-certification basis and environmental protection requirements.
have been issued under this Regulation, shall:
c) Where the applicant holds an appropriate design organisation approval,
1) Propose the appropriate corrective action or required inspections, or
the declaration of paragraph (b) shall be made according to the provi-
both, and submit details of these proposals to the Agency for approv-
sions of Subpart J.
al.
2) Following the approval by the Agency of the proposals referred to 21A.21 Issue of a Type-Certificate
under subparagraph (1), make available to all known operators or
The applicant shall be entitled to have a product type-certificate issued by the
owners of the product, part or appliance and, on request, to any per-
Agency after:
son required to comply with the airworthiness directive, appropriate
descriptive data and accomplishment instructions. a) demonstrating its capability in accordance with 21A.14;
d) An airworthiness directive shall contain at least the following information: b) submitting the declaration referred to in 21A.20(b); and
1) An identification of the unsafe condition; c) it is shown that:
2) An identification of the affected aircraft; 1) The product to be certificated meets the applicable type-certification
basis and environmental protection requirements designated in ac-
3) The action(s) required;
cordance with 21A.17 and 21A.18;
4) The compliance time for the required action(s);
2) Any airworthiness provisions not complied with are compensated for
5) The date of entry into force. by factors that provide an equivalent level of safety;
3) No feature or characteristic makes it unsafe for the uses for which
certification is requested; and

4) The type-certificate applicant has expressly stated that it is prepared 21A.41 Type-Certificate
to comply with 21A.44. The type-certificate and restricted type-certificate are both considered to include
d) In the case of an aircraft type-certificate, the engine or propeller, or both, the type design, the operating limitations, the type-certificate data sheet for airwor-
if installed in the aircraft, have a type-certificate issued or determined in thiness and emissions, the applicable type-certification basis and environmental
accordance with this Regulation. protection requirements with which the Agency records compliance, and any other
conditions or limitations prescribed for the product in the applicable certification
21A.23 Issue of a Restricted Type-Certificate specifications and environmental protection requirements. The aircraft type-certif-
a) For an aircraft that does not meet the provisions of 21A.21(c), the appli- icate and restricted type-certificate, in addition, both include the type-certificate
cant shall be entitled to have a restricted type-certificate issued by the data sheet for noise. The engine type-certificate data sheet includes the record of
Agency after: emission compliance.
1) complying with the appropriate type-certification basis established
by the Agency ensuring adequate safety with regard to the intended 21A.57 Manuals
use of the aircraft, and with the applicable environmental protection The holder of a type-certificate or restricted type-certificate shall produce, maintain
requirements; and update master copies of all manuals required by the applicable type-certifica-
2) expressly stating that it is prepared to comply with 21A.44. tion basis and environmental protection requirements for the product, and provide
b) The engine or propeller installed in the aircraft, or both, shall: copies, on request, to the Agency.
1) have a type-certificate issued or determined in accordance with this 21A.61 Instructions for Continued Airworthiness
Regulation; or
a) The holder of the type-certificate or restricted type-certificate shall furnish
2) have been shown to be in compliance with the certification specifica-
at least one set of complete instructions for continued airworthiness,
tions necessary to ensure safe flight of the aircraft.
comprising descriptive data and accomplishment instructions prepared in
21A.31 Type Design accordance with the applicable type-certification basis, to each known
owner of one or more aircraft, engine or propeller upon its delivery or
a) The type design shall consist of: upon issue of the first certificate of airworthiness for the affected aircraft,
1) The drawings and specifications, and a listing of those drawings and whichever occurs later and thereafter make those instructions available
specifications, necessary to define the configuration and the design on request to any other person required to comply with any of the terms
features of the product shown to comply with the applicable type-cer- of those instructions. The availability of some manual or portion of the in-
tification basis and environmental protection requirements; structions for continued airworthiness, dealing with overhaul or other
2) Information on materials and processes and on methods of manu- forms of heavy maintenance, may be delayed until after the product has
facture and assembly of the product necessary to ensure the con- entered into service, but shall be available before any of the products
formity of the product; reaches the relevant age or flight-hours/cycles.
3) An approved airworthiness limitations section of the instructions for b) In addition, changes to the instructions for continued airworthiness shall
continued airworthiness as defined by the applicable airworthiness be made available to all known operators of the product and shall be
code; and made available on request to any person required to comply with any of
4) Any other data necessary to allow by comparison, the determination those instructions. A programme showing how changes to the instruc-
of the airworthiness, the characteristics of noise, fuel venting, and tions for continued airworthiness are distributed shall be submitted to the
exhaust emissions (where applicable) of later products of the same Agency.
type.
b) Each type design shall be adequately identified.

Figure 2: Example of a Type Certificate Figure 3: Example of a Type Certificate Data Sheet
SCHWEIZERISCHE EIDGENOSSENSCHAFT BUNDESAMT FR ZIVILLUFTFAHRT

CONFEDERATION SUISSE OFFICE FEDERAL DE LAVIATION CIVILE Bundesamt fr Zivilluftfahrt (BAZL) Gerte Kennblatt Fiche de navigabilit Data Sheet Page
SWISS CONFEDERATION FEDERAL OFFICE FOR CIVIL AVIATION Office fdral de lavitation civile (OFAC)
Federal Office for Civil Aviation (FOCA) 1 of 7
Maulbeerstrasse 9, CH-3003 Berne Switzerland F 56-30
This Data Sheet which is a part of Type Certificate No. F 56 - 30 prescribes conditions and limitations
under which the product for which the Type Certification was issued meets the airworthiness
Baumusterzeugnis Certificat de type Type Certificate requirements of the Federal Aviation Regulations.
No F 56-30
Auf Antrag von Sur demande de On application of Type Certificate Holder Pilatus Aircraft Ltd.
CH - 6370 Stans
SWITZERLAND
Pilatus Aircraft Ltd.
CH-6370 Stans
(Switzerland) Model Designation Pilatus PC-12 and PC-12/45 (Normal Category).
Pressurized single engine turboprop aircraft built to FAR 23
wird das nachstehend bezeichnete Luftfahr- laronef ou la partie daronef dsign ci- the aircraft or part thereof specified hereafter (Normal Category).
zeug oder der Luftfahrzeugteil als Baumuster aprs a obtenu une certification de type: has obtained a type certification:
zugelassen:
Multipurpose aircraft accomodating one or two crewmembers and
a payload of up to 9 passengers with baggage, or cargo with
seats removed, or a combination of both.
Pilatus PC-12
Pilatus PC-12/45 Version: Pilatus PC-12
Date of Type Certificate March 30, 1994

Dieses Baumusterzeugnis wird auf Grund der Le prsent certificat de type est dlivr en vertu This type certificate is delivered on the basis of
folgenden Verfgungen sowie Luft- des ordonnances et exigences de navigabilit the following Orders and airworthiness Technical Data
tchtigkeitsanforderungen erteilt: suivantes: requirements:
Engine PWC PT6A-67B

US-Federal Aviation Regulation Part 23,
Normal Category, Fuel JET A, JET A-1, JET B, JP 4 and other fuels according to
including Amendments 23-1 through 23-42, PRATT & WHITNEY Service Bulletin SB 14004.
23-43, 23-44, 23-45 as applicable
Oil (Engine and Gearbox) Synthetic turbine oil conforming to PWA 521, Type II. For
Der Lufttchtigkeitsnachweis fr dieses La preuve de navigabilit pour ce type a t The proof of airworthiness for this type has acceptable oil brands see PRATT & WHITNEY Service Bulletin SB
Baumuster wurde erbracht: apporte: been supplied: 14001.
durch die Baumusterprfung gemss par lexamen de type excut selon les by the type certification in accordance
den obengenannten Verfgungen ordonnances prcites with the above-mentioned Orders Engine Limits Maximum
durch die Anerkennung der von der par la reconnaissance des documents de by recognition of the type design ap-
Observed
N 1 Gas Prop Inter
zustndigen Behrde des Hersteller- type approuvs par lautorit comptente proved by the competent authority of the
staates genehmigten Baumusterunter- de lEtat constructeur manufacturing State Shaft Generator Shaft Turbine
lagen Power Torque Speed Speed Temp.
Die Baumusterzulassung sttzt sich auf die im La certification de type est fonde sur les The type certification is based on the limitations shp PSI % RPM C
zugehrigen Gerte-Kennblatt enthaltenen limites et conditions contenues dans la fiche de and conditions contained in the pertinent type
Grenzen und Bedingungen. navigabilit sy rapportant. certificate data sheet. Take-off 1200 44.34 104 1700 800
Max.climb/Max.cruise 1000 36.95 104 1700 760
Die Gltigkeit dieses Zeugnisses erlischt, wenn La validit du prsent certificat expire lorsque The validity of this certificate expires when the Starting (5 seconds) --- --- --- --- 1000
die Baumusterunterlagen oder der Nachweis les documents de type ou la preuve de type design or the proof of airworthiness do not
der Lufttchtigkeit nicht mehr vorhanden sind. navigabilit nexistent plus. exist any more.
Transient (20 seconds) --- 61.00 104 1870 870
Note: 100% Gas Generator Speed = 37'468 RPM

Ausgestellt am (Tag/Monat/Jahr) Issue 1 / March 30, 1994 BUNDESAMT FR ZIVILLUFTFAHRT
Dlivr le (jour/mois/anne) OFFICE FEDERAL DE LAVIATION CIVILE Oil Temperature Limits Take-off +10C to +110C
Issued on (day/month/year) Issue 2 / June 04, 1996 FEDERAL OFFICE FOR CIVIL AVIATION
Issue 3 / June 25, 2000 Max.climb/Max.cruise +10C to +105C
Starting -40C min
M. Gaille Transient -40C to +110C
Idle -40C to +110C
Zutreffendes angekreuzt Ce qui convient a t marqu dune croix What is applicable has been marked with
a cross
Ersetzt Ausgabe Ausgabe
BZL 57.19 3.81 10191/1 7 8
Remplace ldition Edition
Replaces issue
25. June 2000 Issue
04. December 2001
FM/ms 08.08.2000

Subpart E - Supplemental Type-Certificates 21A.120 Instructions for Continued Airworthiness

a) The holder of the supplemental type-certificate for an aircraft, engine, or
21A.111 Scope propeller, shall furnish at least one set of the associated variations to the
This Subpart establishes the procedure for the approval of major changes to the instructions for continued airworthiness, prepared in accordance with the
type design under supplemental typecertificate procedures, and establishes the applicable type-certification basis, to each known owner of one or more
rights and obligations of the applicants for, and holders of, those certificates. aircraft, engine, or propeller incorporating the features of the supplemen-
tal type-certificate, upon its delivery, or upon issuance of the first certifi-
21A.112B Demonstration of Capability cate of airworthiness for the affected aircraft, whichever occurs later, and
a) Any organisation applying for a supplemental type-certificate shall dem- thereafter make those variations in instructions available, on request, to
onstrate its capability by holding a design organisation approval, issued any other person required to comply with any of the terms of those in-
by the Agency in accordance with Subpart J. structions. Availability of some manual or portion of the variations to the
instructions for continued airworthiness, dealing with overhaul or other
21A.114 Showing of Compliance forms of heavy maintenance, may be delayed until after the product has
Any applicant for a supplemental type-certificate shall comply with 21A.97. entered into service, but shall be available before any of the products
reaches the relevant age or flight-hours/cycles.
21A.115 Issue of a Supplemental Type-Certificate b) In addition, changes to those variations of the instructions for continued
The applicant shall be entitled to have a supplemental type-certificate issued by airworthiness shall be made available to all known operators of a product
the Agency after: incorporating the supplemental type-certificate and shall be made avail-
able, on request, to any person required to comply with any of those in-
a) complying with 21A.103(a); structions. A programme showing how changes to the variations to the
b) demonstrating its capability in accordance with 21A.112B; instructions for continued airworthiness are distributed shall be submitted
c) where, under 21A.113(b), the applicant has entered into an arrangement to the Agency.
with the type-certificate holder,
1) The type-certificate holder has advised that its has no technical ob-
jection to the information submitted under 21A.93; and
2) The type-certificate holder has agreed to collaborate with the supple-
mental type-certificate holder to ensure discharge of all obligations
for continued airworthiness of the changed product through compli-
ance with 21A.44 and 21A.118A.
21A.119 Manuals
The holder of a supplemental type-certificate shall produce, maintain, and update
master copies of variations in the manuals required by the applicable type-certifi-
cation basis and environmental protection requirements for the product, necessary
to cover the changes introduced under the supplemental type-certificate, and fur-
nish copies of these manuals to the Agency on request.

Figure 4: Example of Supplemental Type Certificate Subpart G - Production Organisation Approval

21A.131 Scope
This Subpart establishes:
a) The procedure for the issuance of a production organisation approval for
a production organisation showing conformity of products, parts and ap-
pliances with the applicable design data.
b) The rules governing the rights and obligations of the applicant for, and
holders of, such approvals.
21A.135 Issue of Production Organisation Approval

An organisation shall be entitled to have a production organisation approval issued
by the Competent Authority when it has demonstrated compliance with the appli-
cable requirements under this Subpart.
21A.143 Exposition
a) The organisation shall submit to the Competent Authority a production or-
ganisation exposition providing the following information:
1) A statement signed by the accountable manager confirming that the
production organisation exposition and any associated manuals
which define the approved organisation's compliance with this Sub-
part will be complied with at all times.
2) The title(s) and names of managers accepted by the Competent Au-
thority in accordance with 21A.145(c)(2).
3) The duties and responsibilities of the manager(s) as required by
21A.145(c)(2) including matters on which they may deal directly with
the Competent Authority on behalf of the organisation.
4) An organisational chart showing associated chains of responsibility
of the managers as required by 21A.145(c)(1) and (2).
5) A list of certifying staff as referred to in 21A.145(d).
6) A general description of man-power resources.
7) A general description of the facilities located at each address speci-
fied in the production organisation's certificate of approval.
8) A general description of the production organisation's scope of work
relevant to the terms of approval.
9) The procedure for the notification of organisational changes to the
Competent Authority.

10) The amendment procedure for the production organisation exposi- authority of the accountable manager referred to in subparagraph
tion. (1). The persons nominated shall be able to show the appropriate
11) A description of the quality system and the procedures as required knowledge, background and experience to discharge their responsi-
by 21A.139(b)(1). bilities.
12) A list of those outside parties referred to in 21A.139(a). 3) Staff at all levels have been given appropriate authority to be able to
b) The production organisation exposition shall be amended as necessary discharge their allocated responsibilities and that there is full and ef-
to remain an up-to-date description of the organisation, and copies of any fective coordination within the production organisation in respect of
amendments shall be supplied to the Competent Authority. airworthiness, noise, fuel venting and exhaust emission data mat-
ters.
21A.145 Approval Requirements d) with regard to certifying staff, authorised by the production organisation
The production organisation shall demonstrate, on the basis of the information to sign the documents issued under 21A.163 under the scope or terms of
submitted in accordance with 21A.143 that: approval:
a) with regard to general approval requirements, facilities, working condi- 1) The knowledge, background (including other functions in the organ-
tions, equipment and tools, processes and associated materials, number isation), and experience of the certifying staff are appropriate to dis-
and competence of staff, and general organisation are adequate to discharge their allocated responsibilities.
charge obligations under 21A.165. 2) The production organisation maintains a record of all certifying staff
b) with regard to all necessary airworthiness, noise, fuel venting and ex- which shall include details of the scope of their authorisation.
haust emissions data: 3) Certifying staff are provided with evidence of the scope of their au-
1) The production organisation is in receipt of such data from the Agen- thorisation.
cy, and from the holder of, or applicant for, the type-certificate, re-
stricted type-certificate or design approval, to determine conformity
21A.163 Privileges
with the applicable design data. Pursuant to the terms of approval issued under 21A.135, the holder of a production
2) The production organisation has established a procedure to ensure organisation approval may:
that airworthiness, noise, fuel venting and exhaust emissions data a) Perform production activities under this Part.
are correctly incorporated in its production data. b) In the case of complete aircraft and upon presentation of a Statement of
3) Such data are kept up to date and made available to all personnel Conformity (EASA Form 52) under 21A.174, obtain an aircraft certificate
who need access to such data to perform their duties. of airworthiness and a noise certificate without further showing.
c) with regard to management and staff: c) In the case of other products, parts or appliances issue authorised re-
1) A manager has been nominated by the production organisation, and lease certificates (EASA Form 1) under 21A.307 without further showing.
is accountable to the Competent Authority. His or her responsibility d) Maintain a new aircraft that it has produced and issue a certificate of re-
within the organisation shall consist of ensuring that all production is lease to service (EASA Form 53) in respect of that maintenance.
performed to the required standards and that the production organi-
sation is continuously in compliance with the data and procedures 21A.165 Obligations of the Holder
identified in the exposition referred to in 21A.143. The holder of a production organisation approval shall:
2) A person or group of persons have been nominated by the produc- a) Ensure that the production organisation exposition furnished in accord-
tion organisation to ensure that the organisation is in compliance ance with 21A.143 and the documents to which it refers, are used as ba-
with the requirements of this Part, and are identified, together with sic working documents within the organisation.
the extent of their authority. Such person(s) shall act under the direct

b) Maintain the production organisation in conformity with the data and pro- er organisation all cases where it has released products, parts or ap-
cedures approved for the production organisation approval. pliances to that organisation and subsequently identified them to
c) have possible deviations from the applicable design data.
1) Determine that each completed aircraft conforms to the type design g) Provide assistance to the holder of the type-certificate or design approval
and is in condition for safe operation prior to submitting Statements in dealing with any continuing airworthiness actions that are related to the
of Conformity to the Competent Authority, or products parts or appliances that have been produced.
2) Determine that other products, parts or appliances are complete and h) Establish an archiving system incorporating requirements imposed on its
conform to the approved design data and are in condition for safe op- partners, suppliers and subcontractors, ensuring conservation of the data
eration before issuing EASA Form 1 to certify airworthiness, and ad- used to justify conformity of the products, parts or appliances. Such data
ditionally in case of engines, determine according to data provided shall be held at the disposal of the Competent Authority and be retained
by the engine type-certificate holder that each completed engine is in order to provide the information necessary to ensure the continuing air-
in compliance with the applicable emissions requirements as defined worthiness of the products, parts or appliances.
in 21A.18(b), current at the date of manufacture of the engine, to cer- i) Where, under its terms of approval, the holder issues a certifi-
tify emissions compliance, or cate of release to service, determine that each completed air-
3) Determine that other products, parts or appliances conform to the craft has been subjected to necessary maintenance and is in
applicable data before issuing EASA Form 1 as a conformity certifi- condition for safe operation, prior to issuing the certificate.
cate;
d) Record all details of work carried out. Subpart J - Design Organisation Approval
e) Establish and maintain an internal occurrence reporting system in the in- 21A.231 Scope
terest of safety, to enable the collection and assessment of occurrence
reports in order to identify adverse trends or to address deficiencies, and This Subpart establishes the procedure for the approval of design organisations
to extract reportable occurrences. This system shall include evaluation of and rules governing the rights and obligations of applicants for, and holders of,
relevant information relating to occurrences and the promulgation of re- such approvals.
lated information.
21A.235 Issue of Design Organisation Approval
f)
1) Report to the holder of the type-certificate or design approval, all An organisation shall be entitled to have a design organisation approval issued by
the Agency when it has demonstrated compliance with the applicable require-
cases where products, parts or appliances have been released by
the production organisation and subsequently identified to have pos- ments under this Subpart.
sible deviations from the applicable design data, and investigate with 21A.239 Design Assurance System
the holder of the type-certificate or design approval in order to iden-
tify those deviations which could lead to an unsafe condition. a) The design organisation shall demonstrate that it has established and is
able to maintain a design assurance system for the control and supervi-
2) Report to the Agency and the competent authority of the Member
sion of the design, and of design changes, of products, parts and appli-
State the deviations which could lead to an unsafe condition identi-
ances covered by the application. This design assurance system shall be
fied according to subparagraph (1). Such reports shall be made in a
such as to enable the organisation:
form and manner established by the Agency under 21A.3(b)(2) or
accepted by the competent authority of the Member State. 1) To ensure that the design of the products, parts and appliances or
the design change thereof, comply with the applicable type-certifica-
3) Where the holder of the production organisation approval is acting as
tion basis and environmental protection requirements; and
a supplier to another production organisation, report also to that oth-

2) To ensure that its responsibilities are properly discharged in accord- a) The staff in all technical departments are of sufficient numbers and expe-
ance with: rience and have been given appropriate authority to be able to discharge
i) The appropriate provisions of this Part; and their allocated responsibilities and that these, together with the accom-
ii) The terms of approval issued under 21A.251. modation, facilities and equipment are adequate to enable the staff to
achieve the airworthiness, noise, fuel venting and exhaust emissions ob-
3) To independently monitor the compliance with, and adequacy of, the jectives for the product.
documented procedures of the system. This monitoring shall include
a feed-back system to a person or a group of persons having the re- b) There is full and efficient coordination between departments and within
sponsibility to ensure corrective actions. departments in respect of airworthiness and environmental protection
matters.
b) The design assurance system shall include an independent checking
function of the showings of compliance on the basis of which the organi- 21A.263 Privileges
sation submits compliance statements and associated documentation to
the Agency. a) The holder of a design organisation approval shall be entitled to perform
design activities under this Part and within its scope of approval.
c) The design organisation shall specify the manner in which the design as-
surance system accounts for the acceptability of the parts or appliances b) Subject to 21A.257(b), compliance documents submitted by the applicant
for the purpose of obtaining:
designed or the tasks performed by partners or subcontractor according
to methods which are the subject of written procedures. 1) a type-certificate or approval of a major change to a type design; or
2) a supplemental type-certificate; or
21A.243 Data 3) an ETSO authorisation under 21A.602(b)(1);
a) The design organisation shall furnish a handbook to the Agency describ- 4) a major repair design approval;
ing, directly or by cross-reference, the organisation, the relevant proce- shall be accepted by the Agency without further verification.
dures and the products or changes to products to be designed.
c) The holder of a design organisation approval shall be entitled, within its
b) Where any parts or appliances or any changes to the products are de- terms of approval and under the relevant procedures of the design assur-
signed by partner organisations or subcontractors, the handbook shall in- ance system:
clude a statement of how the design organisation is able to give, for all
1) to classify changes to type design and repairs as major or minor.
parts and appliances, the assurance of compliance required by
21A.239(b), and shall contain, directly or by cross-reference, descriptions 2) to approve minor changes to type design and minor repairs.
and information on the design activities and organisation of those part- 3) to issue information or instructions containing the following state-
ners or subcontractors, as necessary to establish this statement. ment: The technical content of this document is approved under the
c) The handbook shall be amended as necessary to remain an up-to-date authority of DOA nr. [EASA]. J. [xyz].
description of the organisation, and copies of amendments shall be sup- 4) to approve documentary changes to the aircraft flight manual, and is-
plied to the Agency. sue such changes containing the following statement: Revision nr.
d) The design organisation shall furnish a statement of the qualifications xx to AFM ref. yyy, is approved under the authority of DOA nr.[EA-
and experience of the management staff and other persons responsible SA].J.[xyz].
for making decisions affecting airworthiness and environmental protec- 5) to approve the design of major repairs to products for which it holds
tion in the organisation. the type-certificate or the supplemental type-certificate.
21A.245 Approval Requirements 21A.265 Obligations of the Holder

The design organisation shall demonstrate, on the basis of the information submit- The holder of a design organisation approval shall:
ted in accordance with 21A.243 that, in addition to complying with 21A.239:

a) Maintain the handbook in conformity with the design assurance system; amendments to those certification specifications or special condi-
b) Ensure that this handbook is used as a basic working document within tions the Agency finds necessary to establish a level of safety equal
the organisation; to that established by the type-certification basis incorporated by ref-
c) Determine that the design of products, or changes or repairs thereof, as erence in the type-certificate or supplemental type-certificate.
applicable, comply with applicable requirements and have no unsafe fea- 2) Submit all necessary substantiation data, when requested by the
ture; Agency.
d) Except for minor changes or repairs approved under the privilege of 3) Declare compliance with the certification specifications and environ-
21A.263, provide to the Agency statements and associated documenta- mental protection requirements of subparagraph (a)(1).
tion confirming compliance with paragraph (c); b) Where the applicant is not the type-certificate or supplemental type-cer-
e) Provide to the Agency information or instructions related to required ac- tificate holder, as applicable, the applicant may comply with the require-
tions under 21A.3B. ments of paragraph (a) through the use of its own resources or through
an arrangement with the type-certificate or supplemental type-certificate
Subpart M - Repairs holder as applicable.
21A.431 Scope 21A.435 Classification of Repairs

a) This Subpart establishes the procedure for the approval of repair design, a) A repair may be 'major' or 'minor'. The classification shall be made in ac-
and establishes the rights and obligations of the applicants for, and hold- cordance with the criteria of 21A.91 for a change in the type design.
ers of, those approvals. b) A repair shall be classified major or minor under paragraph (a) either:
b) A 'repair' means elimination of damage and/or restoration to an airworthy 1) By the Agency, or
condition following initial release into service by the manufacturer of any 2) By an appropriately approved design organisation under a proce-
product, part or appliance. dure agreed with the Agency.
c) Elimination of damage by replacement of parts or appliances without the
necessity for design activity shall be considered as a maintenance task 21A.437 Issue of a Repair Design Approval
and shall therefore require no approval under this Part. When it has been declared and has been shown that the repair design meets the
d) A repair to an ETSO article shall be treated as a change to the ETSO de- applicable certification specifications and environmental protection requirements
sign and shall be processed in accordance with 21A.611. of 21A.433(a)(1), it shall be approved:
a) by the Agency, or
21A.432B Demonstration of Capability b) by an appropriately approved organisation that is also the type-certificate
a) An applicant for a major repair design approval shall demonstrate its ca- or the supplemental type-certificate holder, under a procedure agreed
pability by holding a design organisation approval, issued by the Agency with the Agency, or
in accordance with Subpart J. c) for minor repairs only, by an appropriately approved design organisation
under a procedure agreed with the Agency.
21A.433 Repair Design
a) The applicant for approval of a repair design shall: 21A.439 Production of Repair Parts
1) Show compliance with the type-certification basis and environmental Parts and appliances to be used for the repair shall be manufactured in accord-
protection requirements incorporated by reference in the type-certif- ance with production data based upon all the necessary design data as provided
icate or supplemental type-certificate, as applicable, or those in ef- by the repair design approval holder:
fect on the date of application (for repair design approval), plus any
a) Under Subpart F, or

b) By an organisation appropriately approved in accordance with Subpart G, a) be held by the repair design approval holder at the disposal of the Agen-
or cy, and
c) By an appropriately approved maintenance organisation. b) be retained by the repair design approval holder in order to provide the
information necessary to ensure the continued airworthiness of the re-
21A.441 Repair Embodiment paired products, parts or appliances.
a) The embodiment of a repair shall be made by an appropriately approved
maintenance organisation, or by a production organisation appropriately 21A.449 Instructions for Continued Airworthiness
approved in accordance with Subpart G, under 21A.163 privilege. a) The holder of the repair design approval shall furnish at least one com-
b) The design organisation shall transmit to the organisation performing the plete set of those changes to the instructions for continued airworthiness
repair all the necessary installation instructions. which result from the design of the repair, comprising descriptive data
and accomplishment instructions prepared in accordance with the appli-
21A.443 Limitations cable requirements, to each operator of aircraft incorporating the repair.
A repair design may be approved subject to limitations, in which case the repair The repaired product, part or appliance may be released into service be-
design approval shall include all necessary instructions and limitations. These in- fore the changes to those instructions have been completed, but this shall
structions and limitations shall be transmitted by the repair design approval holder be for a limited service period, and in agreement with the Agency.
to the operator in accordance with a procedure agreed with the Agency. Those changes to the instructions shall be made available on request to
any other person required to comply with any of the terms of those chang-
21A.445 Unrepaired Damage es to the instructions. The availability of some manual or portion of the
a) When a damaged product, part or appliance, is left unrepaired, and is not changes to the instructions for continued airworthiness, dealing with
covered by previously approved data, the evaluation of the damage for overhaul or other forms of heavy maintenance, may be delayed until after
its airworthiness consequences may only be made; the product has entered into service, but shall be available before any of
the products reaches the relevant age or flight - hours/cycles.
1) by the Agency, or
b) If updates to those changes to the instructions for continued airworthi-
2) by an appropriately approved design organisation under a procedure
ness are issued by the holder of the repair design approval after the re-
agreed with the Agency.
pair has been first approved, these updates shall be furnished to each
Any necessary limitations shall be processed in accordance with the pro- operator and shall be made available on request to any other person re-
cedures of 21A.443. quired to comply with any of the terms of those changes to the instruc-
b) Where the organisation evaluating the damage under paragraph (a) is tions. A programme showing how updates to the changes to the
neither the Agency nor the type-certificate or supplemental type-certifi- instructions for continued airworthiness are distributed shall be submitted
cate holder, this organisation shall justify that the information on which to the Agency.
the evaluation is based is adequate either from its organisation's own re-
sources or through an arrangement with the type-certificate or supple-
mental type-certificate holder, or manufacturer, as applicable.
21A.447 Record Keeping

For each repair, all relevant design information, drawings, test reports, instructions
and limitations possibly issued in accordance with 21A.443, justification for classi-
fication and evidence of the design approval, shall:

Certification Specification (Airworthiness Codes)

The EASA is currently consulting interested parties on the contents of Certification
Specifications with respect to IR Certification. The consultation process is being
carried out in co-operation with the Joint Aviation Authorities.
CS-22 Sailplanes & powered sailplanes
CS-23 Normal, utility, aerobatic & commuter aeroplanes)
CS-25 Large Aeroplanes
CS-27 Small rotorcraft
CS-29 Large rotorcraft
CS-34 Aircraft Engine Emissions and Fuel Venting
CS-36 Aircraft Noise
CS-APU Auxiliary Power Units
CS-AWO All Weather Operations
CS-Definitions Definitions & abbreviations
CS-E Engines
CS-ETSO European Technical Standard Orders
CS-P Propellers
CS-VLA Very Light Aeroplanes
CS-VLR Very Light Rotorcraft

Documents
To comply with national and international requirements a set of documents must
be carried all times on board the respective aircraft.
Certificate of Airworthiness
The Certificate Of Airworthiness/C of A must be accessible and stored with other
airworthiness certificates in the cockpit.
For each aircraft to be legally operated the register state authority must issue a
certificate of airworthiness.
Basic documents required for a certificate of airworthiness are:
A type certificate including type certificate data sheet
An export certificate of airworthiness from the previous register state
An approved Aircraft Flight Manual (AFM)
Technical documents, maintenance records as applicable

Figure 5: Example of a Certificate of Airworthiness/C of A

Certificate of Registration
The certificate of registration must be accessible and stored with other airworthi-
ness certificates in the cockpit. Each aircraft must have its own aircraft registration
based on rules and regulation of the respective country of registration.
Note: For Swiss rules and regulation see chapter 10.7.

Figure 6: Example of a Certificate of Registration

Noise Certificate
The noise certificate must be accessible and stored with other airworthiness cer-
tificates in the cockpit.
An aeroplane, when flight-tested in accordance with the requirements of JAR-36
and operated within the limits of the type certificate, shall not exceed the noise lev-
els specified in JAR-36.140 at the following points on level terrain (Ref. JAR-36-
120):
Lateral reference measurement point: the point on a line parallel to and 450
m from the runway centre line, or extended centre line, where the noise level
after lift-off is at a maximum during take-off;
Flyover reference noise measurement point: the point on the extended cen-
tre-line of the runway at a distance of 6.5 km from the start-of-roll;
Approach reference noise measurement point: the point on the ground, on the
extended centre-line of the runway 2000 m from the threshold. On level
ground this corresponds to a position 120 m (394 ft) vertically below the 3-
descent path originating at a point on the runway 300 m beyond the threshold.

Figure 7: Example of a Noise Certificate

Weight Schedule
An operator shall specify, in the operations manual, the principles and methods in-
volved in the loading and in the mass and balance system that meet the require-
ments of JAR-OPS 1.605. This system must cover all types of intended
operations.
Each weight change has to be recorded and registered in the weight and balance
sheet of the aircraft.
A scheduled aircraft weighing has to be established.
For every flight a weight calculation (load sheet) must be performed and signed by
the pilot.
a) An operator shall ensure that during any phase of operation, the loading,
mass and centre of gravity of the aeroplane complies with the limitations
specified in the approved aeroplane flight manual, or the operations man-
ual if more restrictive.
b) An operator must establish the mass and the centre of gravity of any aer-
oplane by actual weighing prior to initial entry into service and thereafter
at intervals of 4 years if individual aeroplane masses are used and 9
years if fleet masses are used. The accumulated effects of modifications
and repairs on the mass and balance must be accounted for and properly
documented. Furthermore, aeroplanes must be reweight if the effect of
modifications on the mass and balance is not accurately known.
c) An operator must determine the mass of all-operating items and crew
members included in the aeroplane dry operating mass by weighing or by
using standard masses. The influence of their position on the aeroplane
centre of gravity must be determined.
d) An operator must establish the mass of the traffic load, including any bal-
last, by actual weighing or determine the mass of the traffic load in ac-
cordance with standard passenger and baggage masses as specified in
JAR-OPS 1.620.
e) An operator must determine the mass of the fuel load by using the actual
density or, if not known, the density calculated in accordance with a meth-
od specified in the operations manual. (See IEM OPS 1.605(e))
NOTE:
Examples of Weight Schedule Documents see chapter 10.7

Aircraft Station Licence

The aircraft station licence must be accessible and stored with other airworthiness
certificates in the cockpit.
Aircraft communication for COM and NAV needs a licence issued by the Swiss
Federal Office of Communication.

Figure 8: Example of Aircraft Station Licence (1 of 2) Figure 9: Example of Aircraft Station Licence (2 of 2)

Liability Insurance Certificate for Aircraft

The liability insurance certificate for aircraft must be accessible and stored with
other airworthiness certificates in the cockpit.
Each aircraft must be equipped with the necessary insurance certificate.

Figure 10: Example of Liability Insurance Certificate for Aircraft

Training Manual 10.6 Part - M Continuing Airworthiness
10.6 Part - M Continuing Airworthiness

Overview
M1 Purpose of this Part
SECTION A
TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS
SUBPART A M.A.101 Scope

GENERAL
SUBPART B M.A.201 Responsibilities

ACCOUNTABILITY
M.A.202 Occurrence reporting
SUBPART C M.A.301 Continuing airworthiness tasks

CONTINUING AIRWORTHINESS
M.A.302 Maintenance programme
M.A.303 Airworthiness directives
M.A.304 Data for modifications and repairs
M.A.305 Aircraft continuing airworthiness record system
M.A.306 Operator's technical log system
M.A.307 Transfer of aircraft continuing airworthiness records
SUBPART D M.A.401 Maintenance data

MAINTENANCE STANDARDS
M.A.402 Performance of maintenance
M.A.403 Aircraft defects
SUBPART E M.A.501 Installation

COMPONENTS
M.A.502 Component maintenance

M.A.503 Service life limited components
M.A.504 Control of unserviceable components
SUBPART F M.A.601 Scope

MAINTENANCE ORGANISATION
M.A.602 Application
M.A.603 Extent of approval
M.A.604 Maintenance organisation manual
M.A.605 Facilities
M.A.606 Personnel requirements
M.A.607 Certifying staff
M.A.608 Components, equipment and tools
M.A.609 Maintenance data
M.A.610 Maintenance work orders
M.A.611 Maintenance standards
M.A.612 Aircraft certificate of release to service
M.A.613 Component certificate of release to service
M.A.614 Maintenance records
M.A.615 Privileges of the organisation
M.A.616 Organisational review
M.A.617 Changes to the approved maintenance organisation
M.A.618 Continued validity of approval
M.A.619 Findings

SUBPART G M.A.701 Scope

CONTINUING AIRWORTHINESS MANAGEMENT
ORGANISATION
M.A.702 Application
M.A.703 Extent of approval
M.A.704 Continuing airworthiness management exposition
M.A.705 Facilities
M.A.706 Personnel requirements
M.A.707 Airworthiness review staff
M.A.708 Continuing airworthiness management
M.A.709 Documentation
M.A.710 Airworthiness review
M.A.711 Privileges of the organisation
M.A.712 Quality system
M.A.713 Changes to the approved continuing airworthiness organisation
M.A.714 Record-keeping
M.A.715 Continued validity of approval
M.A.716 Findings
SUBPART H M.A.801 Aircraft certificate of release to service

CERTIFICATE OF RELEASE TO SERVICE - CRS
M.A.802 Component certificate of release to service
M.A.803 Pilot-owner authorisation
SUBPART I M.A.901 Aircraft airworthiness review

AIRWORTHINESS REVIEW CERTIFICATE

M.A.902 Validity of the airworthiness review certificate
M.A.903 Transfer of aircraft registration within the EU
M.A.904 Airworthiness review of aircraft imported into the EU
M.A.905 Findings
SECTION B
SUBPART A M.B.101 Scope

GENERAL
M.B.102 Competent authority
M.B.103 Acceptable means of compliance
M.B.104 Record-keeping
M.B.105 Mutual exchange of information
SUBPART B M.B.201 Responsibilities

ACCOUNTABILITY
SUBPART C M.B.301 Maintenance programme

CONTINUING AIRWORTHINESS
M.B.302 Exemptions
M.B.303 Aircraft continuing airworthiness monitoring

M.B.304 Revocation, suspension and limitation
SUBPART D (to be developed as appropriate)

MAINTENANCE STANDARDS
SUBPART E (to be developed as appropriate)

COMPONENTS
SUBPART F M.B.601 Application

MAINTENANCE ORGANISATION

M.B.602 Initial Approval
M.B.603 Issue of approval
M.B.604 Continuing oversight
M.B.605 Findings
M.B.606 Changes
M.B.607 Revocation, suspension and limitation of an approval
SUBPART G M.B.701 Application

CONTINUING AIRWORTHINESS MANAGEMENT
ORGANISATION
M.B.702 Initial approval
M.B.703 Issue of approval
M.B.704 Continuing oversight
M.B.705 Findings
M.B.706 Changes
M.B.707 Revocation, suspension and limitation of an approval
SUBPART H (to be developed as appropriate)

CERTIFICATE OF RELEASE TO SERVICE - CRS
SUBPART I M.B.901 Assessment of recommendations

AIRWORTHINESS REVIEW CERTIFICATE
M.B.902 Airworthiness review by the competent authority
M.B.903 Findings
Appendix I
Continuing Airworthiness Arrangement

Appendix II Not shown; see PART-

145, Appendix I
EASA Form 1
Use of the EASA Form 1 for maintenance
Appendix III Not shown

Airworthiness Review certificate
Appendix IV Not shown; see PART-

Approval Ratings 145, Appendix II
Appendix V Not shown; see PART-

Approval Certificate PART-M Section A Subpart 145, Appendix III
F Maintenance Organisation
Appendix VI Not shown

Approval Certificate PART-M Section A Subpart
G Continuing Airworthiness Management
Organisation
Appendix VII Not shown

Complex Maintenance Tasks
Appendix VIII Not shown

Limited Pilot Owner Maintenance

M. 1
Purpose of this Part
For the purpose of this Part, the competent authority shall be:
1. for the oversight of the continuing airworthiness of individual aircraft and the
issue of airworthiness review certificates the authority designated by the
Member State of registry.
2. for the oversight of a maintenance organisation as specified in M.A. Subpart
F,
i) the authority designated by the Member State where that organ-
isation's principle place of business is located.
ii) the Agency if the organisation is located in a third country.
3. for the oversight of a continuing airworthiness management organisation as
specified in M.A. Subpart G,
i) the authority designated by the Member State where that organ-
isation's principle place of business is located if the approval is
not included in an air operator's certificate.
ii) the authority designated by the Member State of the operator if
the approval is included in an air operator's certificate.
iii) the Agency if the organisation is located in a third country.
4. for the approval of maintenance programmes,
i) the authority designated by the Member State of registry.
ii) in the case of commercial air transport, when the Member State
of the operator is different from the State of registry, the author-
ity agreed by the above two States prior to the approval of the
maintenance programme.

Section A Technical Requirements an approved continuing airworthiness management organisation as

specified in M.A.
Subpart A General Subpart G (continuing airworthiness management organisation hereinaf-
ter) in accordance with Appendix I. In this case, the continuing airworthi-
M.A.101 Scope ness management organisation assumes responsibility for the proper
accomplishment of these tasks.
This Section establishes the measures to be taken to ensure that airworthiness is
maintained, including maintenance. It also specifies the conditions to be met by f) In the case of large aircraft, in order to satisfy the responsibilities of par-
the persons or organisations involved in such continuing airworthiness manage- agraph (a) the owner of an aircraft shall ensure that the tasks associated
ment. with continuing airworthiness are performed by an approved continuing
airworthiness management organisation. A written contract shall be
Subpart B Accountability made in accordance with Appendix I. In this case, the continuing airwor-
thiness management organisation assumes responsibility for the proper
M.A.201 Responsibilities accomplishment of these tasks.
a) The owner is responsible for the continuing airworthiness of an aircraft g) Maintenance of large aircraft, aircraft used for commercial air transport
and shall ensure that no flight takes place unless: and components thereof shall be carried out by a Part-145 approved
maintenance organisation.
1) the aircraft is maintained in an airworthy condition, and;
h) In the case of commercial air transport the operator is responsible for the
2) any operational and emergency equipment fitted is correctly installed
continuing airworthiness of the aircraft it operates and shall:
and serviceable or clearly identified as unserviceable, and;
1) be approved, as part of the air operator certificate issued by the com-
3) the airworthiness certificate remains valid, and;
petent authority, pursuant to M.A. Subpart G for the aircraft it oper-
4) the maintenance of the aircraft is performed in accordance with the ates; and
approved maintenance programme as specified in M.A.302.
2) be approved in accordance with Part-145 or contract such an organ-
b) When the aircraft is leased, the responsibilities of the owner are trans- isation; and
ferred to the lessee if:
3) ensure that paragraph (a) is satisfied.
1) the lessee is stipulated on the registration document, or;
i) When an operator is requested by a Member State to hold a certificate
2) detailed in the leasing contract. for its operational activities, other than for commercial air transport, it
When reference is made in this Part to the owner, the term owner shall:
covers the owner or the lessee, as applicable. 1) be appropriately approved, pursuant to M.A. Subpart G, for the man-
c) Any person or organisation performing maintenance shall be responsible agement of the continuing airworthiness of the aircraft it operates or
for the tasks performed. contract such an organisation; and
d) The pilot-in-command or, in the case of commercial air transport, the op- 2) be appropriately approved in accordance with M.A. Subpart F or
erator shall be responsible for the satisfactory accomplishment of the pre- Part-145, or contract such organisations; and
flight inspection. This inspection must be carried out by the pilot or anoth- 3) ensure that paragraph (a) is satisfied.
er qualified person but need not be carried out by an approved mainte-
j) The owner/operator is responsible for granting the competent authority
nance organisation or by Part-66 certifying staff.
access to the organisation/aircraft to determine continued compliance
e) In order to satisfy the responsibilities of paragraph (a) the owner of an air- with this Part.
craft may contract the tasks associated with continuing airworthiness to

M.A.202 Occurrence Reporting iii) continued airworthiness requirement established by the Agen-
a) Any person or organisation responsible under M.A.201 shall report to the cy,
State of registry, the organisation responsible for the type design or sup- iv) measures mandated by the competent authority in immediate
plemental type design and, if applicable, the Member State of operator, reaction to a safety problem;
any identified condition of an aircraft or component that hazards seriously 6. the accomplishment of modifications and repairs in accordance with M.A.304;
the flight safety.
7. for non-mandatory modifications and/or inspections, for all large aircraft or air-
b) Reports shall be made in a manner established by the Agency and con- craft used for commercial air transport the establishment of an embodiment
tain all pertinent information about the condition known to the person or policy;
organisation.
c) Where the person or organisation maintaining the aircraft is contracted by 8. maintenance check flights when necessary.
an owner or an operator to carry out maintenance, the person or the or-
ganisation maintaining the aircraft shall also report to the owner, the op-
M.A.302 Maintenance Programme
erator or the continuing airworthiness management organisation any a) Every aircraft shall be maintained in accordance with a maintenance pro-
such condition affecting the owner's or the operator's aircraft or compo- gramme approved by the competent authority, which shall be periodically
nent. reviewed and amended accordingly.
d) Reports shall be made as soon as practicable, but in any case within 72 b) The maintenance programme and any subsequent amendments shall be
hours of the person or organisation identifying the condition to which the approved by the competent authority.
report relates. c) The maintenance programme must establish compliance with:
1) instructions for continuing airworthiness issued by type certificate
Subpart C Continuing Airworthiness and supplementary type certificate holders and any other organisa-
tion that publishes such data in accordance with Part-21, or
M.A.301 Continuing Airworthiness Tasks 2) instructions issued by the competent authority, if they differ from sub-
The aircraft continuing airworthiness and the serviceability of both operational and paragraph 1 or in the absence of specific recommendations, or
emergency equipment shall be ensured by: 3) instructions defined by the owner or the operator and approved by
1. the accomplishment of pre-flight inspections; the competent authority if they differ from subparagraphs 1 and 2.
2. the rectification to an officially recognised standard of any defect and damage d) The maintenance programme shall contain details, including frequency,
affecting safe operation taking into account, for all large aircraft or aircraft of all maintenance to be carried out, including any specific tasks linked to
used for commercial air transport, the minimum equipment list and configura- specific operations. The programme must include a reliability programme
tion deviation list if applicable to the aircraft type; when the maintenance programme is based:
1) on Maintenance Steering Group logic, or;
3. the accomplishment of all maintenance, in accordance with the M.A.302 ap-
proved aircraft maintenance programme; 2) mainly on condition monitoring.
e) When the aircraft continuing airworthiness is managed by an M.A. Sub-
4. for all large aircraft or aircraft used for commercial air transport the analysis of
part G organisation the maintenance programme and its amendments
the effectiveness of the M.A.302 approved maintenance programme; may be approved through a maintenance programme procedure estab-
5. the accomplishment of any applicable: lished by such organisation (hereinafter called indirect approval).
i) airworthiness directive,
ii) operational directive with a continuing airworthiness impact,

M.A.303 Airworthiness Directives 3) the particular component accumulated total flight time and/or flight
Any applicable airworthiness directive must be carried out within the requirements cycles and/or landings and/or calendar time, as appropriate, and;
of that airworthiness directive, unless otherwise specified by the Agency. 4) the current paragraph (d) information applicable to the component.
f) The person responsible for the management of continuing airworthiness
M.A.304 Data for Modifications and Repairs tasks pursuant to M.A. Subpart B, shall control the records as detailed in
Damage shall be assessed and modifications and repairs carried out using data this paragraph and present the records to the competent authority upon
approved by the Agency or by an approved Part-21 design organisation, as appro- request.
priate. g) All entries made in the aircraft continuing airworthiness records shall be
clear and accurate. When it is necessary to correct an entry, the correc-
M.A.305 Aircraft Continuing Airworthiness Record System tion shall be made in a manner that clearly shows the original entry.
a) At the completion of any maintenance, the associated M.A.801 certificate h) An owner or operator shall ensure that a system has been established to
of release to service shall be entered in the aircraft continuing airworthi- keep the following records for the periods specified:
ness records. Each entry shall be made as soon as practicable but in no 1) all detailed maintenance records in respect of the aircraft and any
event more than 30 days after the day of maintenance action. life-limited component fitted thereto, at least 24 months after the air-
b) The aircraft continuing airworthiness records shall consist of, as appro- craft or component was permanently withdrawn from service, and;
priate, an aircraft logbook, engine logbook(s) or engine module log cards, 2) the total time and flight cycles as appropriate, of the aircraft and all
propeller logbook(s) and log cards, for any service life limited component life-limited components, at least 12 months after the aircraft or com-
and the operator's technical log. ponent has been permanently withdrawn from service, and;
c) The aircraft type and registration mark, the date, together with total flight 3) the time and flight cycles as appropriate, since last scheduled main-
time and/or flight cycles and/or landings, as appropriate, shall be entered tenance of the component subjected to a service life limit, at least un-
in the aircraft logbooks. til the component scheduled maintenance has been superseded by
d) The aircraft continuing airworthiness records shall contain the current: another scheduled maintenance of equivalent work scope and detail,
1) status of airworthiness directives and measures mandated by the and;
competent authority in immediate reaction to a safety problem; 4) the current status of compliance with maintenance programme such
2) status of modifications and repairs; that compliance with the approved aircraft maintenance programme
3) status of compliance with maintenance programme; can be established, at least until the aircraft or component scheduled
maintenance has been superseded by other scheduled mainte-
4) status of service life limited components;
nance of equivalent work scope and detail, and;
5) mass and balance report;
5) the current status of airworthiness directives applicable to the aircraft
6) list of deferred maintenance. and components, at least 12 months after the aircraft or component
e) In addition to the authorised release document, EASA Form 1 or equiva- has been permanently withdrawn from service, and;
lent, the following information relevant to any component installed shall 6) details of current modifications and repairs to the aircraft, engine(s),
be entered in the appropriate engine or propeller logbook, engine module propeller(s) and any other component vital to flight safety, at least 12
or service life limited component log card: months after they have been permanently withdrawn from service.
1) identification of the component, and;
2) the type, serial number and registration of the aircraft to which the
particular component has been fitted, along with the reference to the
installation and removal of the component, and;

M.A.306 Operator's Technical Log System Subpart D Maintenance Standards

a) In the case of commercial air transport, in addition to the requirements of
M.A.305, an operator shall use an aircraft technical log system containing M.A.401 Maintenance Data
the following information for each aircraft: a) The person or organisation maintaining an aircraft shall have access to
1) information about each flight, necessary to ensure continued flight and use only applicable current maintenance data in the performance of
safety, and; maintenance including modifications and repairs.
2) the current aircraft certificate of release to service, and; b) For the purposes of this Part, applicable maintenance data is:
3) the current maintenance statement giving the aircraft maintenance 1) any applicable requirement, procedure, standard or information is-
status of what scheduled and out of phase maintenance is next due sued by the competent authority,
except that the competent authority may agree to the maintenance 2) any applicable airworthiness directive,
statement being kept elsewhere, and; 3) applicable instructions for continuing airworthiness, issued by type
4) all outstanding deferred defects rectifications that affect the opera- certificate holders, supplementary type certificate holders and any
tion of the aircraft, and; other organisation that publishes such data in accordance with Part
5) any necessary guidance instructions on maintenance support ar- 21.
rangements. 4) any applicable data issued in accordance with 145.A.45(d).
b) The aircraft technical log system and any subsequent amendment shall c) The person or organisation maintaining an aircraft shall ensure that all
be approved by the competent authority. applicable maintenance data is current and readily available for use when
c) An operator shall ensure that the aircraft technical log is retained for 36 required. The person or organisation shall establish a work card or work-
months after the date of the last entry. sheet system to be used and shall either transcribe accurately the main-
tenance data onto such work cards or worksheets or make precise
M.A.307 Transfer of Aircraft Continuing Airworthiness Records reference to the particular maintenance task or tasks contained in such
a) The owner or operator shall ensure when an aircraft is permanently trans- maintenance data.
ferred from one owner or operator to another that the M.A.305 continuing
airworthiness records and, if applicable, M.A.306 operator's technical log M.A.402 Performance of Maintenance
are also transferred. a) All maintenance shall be performed by qualified personnel, following the
b) The owner shall ensure, when he contracts the continuing airworthiness methods, techniques, standards and instructions specified in the
management tasks to a continuing airworthiness management organisa- M.A.401 maintenance data. Furthermore, an independent inspection
tion, that the M.A.305 continuing airworthiness records are transferred to shall be carried out after any flight safety sensitive maintenance task un-
the organisation. less otherwise specified by Part-145 or agreed by the competent author-
ity.
c) The time periods prescribed for the retention of records shall continue to
apply to the new owner, operator or continuing airworthiness manage- b) All maintenance shall be performed using the tools, equipment and ma-
ment organisation. terial specified in the M.A.401 maintenance data unless otherwise spec-
ified by Part-145. Where necessary, tools and equipment shall be
controlled and calibrated to an officially recognised standard.
c) The area in which maintenance is carried out shall be well organised and
clean in respect of dirt and contamination.
d) All maintenance shall be performed within any environmental limitations
specified in the M.A.401 maintenance data.

e) In case of inclement weather or lengthy maintenance, proper facilities c) Standard parts shall only be fitted to an aircraft or a component when the
shall be used. maintenance data specifies the particular standard part. Standard parts
f) After completion of all maintenance a general verification must be carried shall only be fitted when accompanied by evidence of conformity tracea-
out to ensure the aircraft or component is clear of all tools, equipment and ble to the applicable standard.
any other extraneous parts and material, and that all access panels re- d) Material being either raw material or consumable material shall only be
moved have been refitted. used on an aircraft or a component when the aircraft or component man-
ufacturer states so in relevant maintenance data or as specified in Part-
M.A.403 Aircraft Defects 145. Such material shall only be used when the material meets the re-
a) Any aircraft defect that hazards seriously the flight safety shall be rectified quired specification and has appropriate traceability. All material must be
before further flight. accompanied by documentation clearly relating to the particular material
b) Only the authorised certifying staff, according to M.A.801(b)1, and containing a conformity to specification statement plus both the man-
M.A.801(b)2 or Part-145 can decide, using M.A.401 maintenance data, ufacturing and supplier source.
whether an aircraft defect hazards seriously the flight safety and there-
fore decide when and which rectification action shall be taken before fur- M.A.502 Component Maintenance
ther flight and which defect rectification can be deferred. However, this a) The maintenance of components shall be performed by appropriately ap-
does not apply when: proved Subpart F or Part-145 maintenance organisations.
1) the approved minimum equipment list as mandated by the compe- b) Maintenance on any component may be performed by M.A.801(b)2 cer-
tent authority is used by the pilot; or, tifying staff only whilst such components are fitted to the aircraft. Such
2) aircraft defects are defined as being acceptable by the competent components, nevertheless, can be temporarily removed for maintenance
authority. when such removal is expressly permitted by the aircraft maintenance
manual to improve access.
c) Any aircraft defect that would not hazard seriously the flight safety shall
be rectified as soon as practicable, after the date the aircraft defect was M.A.503 Service Life Limited Components
first identified and within any limits specified in the maintenance data.
Installed service life limited components shall not exceed the approved service life
d) Any defect not rectified before flight shall be recorded in the M.A.305 air-
limit as specified in the approved maintenance programme and airworthiness di-
craft maintenance record system or M.A.306 Operator's Technical Log
rectives.
System.
M.A.504 Control of Unserviceable Components
Subpart E Components a) A component shall be considered unserviceable in any one of the follow-
M.A.501 Installation ing circumstances:
1) expiry of the service life limit as defined in the maintenance program;
a) No component may be fitted unless it is in a satisfactory condition, has
been appropriately released to service on an EASA Form 1 or equivalent 2) non-compliance with the applicable airworthiness directives and oth-
and is marked in accordance with Part 21 Subpart Q, unless otherwise er continued airworthiness requirement mandated by the Agency;
specified in Part- 145 and Subpart F. 3) absence of the necessary information to determine the airworthiness
b) Prior to installation of a component on an aircraft the person or approved status or eligibility for installation;
maintenance organisation shall ensure that the particular component is 4) evidence of defects or malfunctions;
eligible to be fitted when different modification and/or airworthiness direc- 5) involvement in an incident or accident likely to affect its serviceabili-
tive configurations may be applicable. ty.

b) Unserviceable components shall be identified and stored in a secure lo- undergoing work within its own facilities, as identified in the maintenance
cation under the control of the M.A.502 approved organisation until a de- organisation manual.
cision is made on the future status of such component.
c) Components which have reached their certified life limit or contain a non- M.A.604 Maintenance Organisation Manual
repairable defect shall be classified as unsalvageable and shall not be a) The maintenance organisation shall provide a manual containing at least
permitted to re-enter the component supply system, unless certified life the following information:
limits have been extended or a repair solution has been approved ac- 1) a statement signed by the accountable manager to confirm that the
cording to M.A.304. organisation will continuously work in accordance with Part-M and
d) Any person or organisation accountable under Part-M shall, in the case the manual at all times, and;
of a paragraph (c) unsalvageable components: 2) the organisation's scope of work, and;
1) retain such component in the paragraph (b) location, or; 3) the title(s) and name(s) of person(s) referred to in M.A.606(b), and;
2) arrange for the component to be mutilated in a manner that ensures 4) an organisation chart showing associated chains of responsibility be-
that it is beyond economic salvage or repair before relinquishing re- tween the person(s) referred to in M.A.606(b), and;
sponsibility for such component. 5) a list of certifying staff, and;
e) Notwithstanding paragraph (d) a person or organisation accountable un- 6) a general description and location of the facilities, and;
der Part-M may transfer responsibility of components classified as unsal-
7) procedures specifying how the maintenance organisation ensures
vageable to an organisation for training or research without mutilation.
compliance with this Part, and;
Subpart F Maintenance Organisation 8) the maintenance organisation manual amendment procedure(s).
b) The maintenance organisation manual and its amendments shall be ap-
M.A.601 Scope proved by the competent authority.
This Subpart establishes the requirements to be met by an organisation to qualify c) Notwithstanding paragraph (b) minor amendments to the manual may be
for the issue or continuation of an approval for the maintenance of aircraft and approved through a procedure (hereinafter called indirect approval).
components not listed in M.A.201(f) and (g).
M.A.605 Facilities
M.A.602 Application The organisation shall ensure that:
An application for issue or variation of a maintenance organisation approval shall a) Facilities are provided for all planned work, specialised workshops and
be made on a form and in a manner established by the competent authority. bays are segregated as appropriate, to ensure protection from contami-
nation and the environment.
M.A.603 Extent of Approval b) Office accommodation is provided for the management of all planned
a) The grant of approval is indicated by the issue of a certificate (included in work including in particular, the completion of maintenance records.
Appendix 5) by the competent authority. c) Secure storage facilities are provided for components, equipment, tools
The M.A.604 approved maintenance organisation's manual must specify and material. Storage conditions shall ensure segregation of unservicea-
the scope of work deemed to constitute approval. ble components and material from all other components, material, equip-
The Appendix 4 to this Part defines all classes and ratings possible under ment and tools.
M.A. Subpart F. Storage conditions shall be in accordance with the manufacturers' in-
b) An approved maintenance organisation may fabricate, in conformity with structions and access shall be restricted to authorised personnel.
maintenance data, a restricted range of parts for the use in the course of

M.A.606 Personnel Requirements 1) to one of its employees holding type qualifications on aircraft of sim-
a) The organisation shall appoint an accountable manager, who has corpo- ilar technology, construction and systems; or
rate authority for ensuring that all maintenance required by the customer 2) to any person with not less than five years maintenance experience
can be financed and carried out to the standard required by this Part. and holding a valid ICAO aircraft maintenance licence rated for the
b) A person or group of persons shall be nominated with the responsibility aircraft type requiring certification provided there is no organisation
of ensuring that the organisation is always in compliance with this Sub- appropriately approved under this Part at that location and the con-
part. Such person(s) shall be ultimately responsible to the accountable tracted organisation obtains and holds on file evidence of the expe-
manager. rience and the licence of that person.
c) All paragraph (b) persons shall be able to show relevant knowledge, All such cases must be reported to the competent authority within seven days of
background and appropriate experience related to aircraft and/or compo- the issuance of such certification authorisation. The approved maintenance organ-
nent maintenance. isation issuing the one-off certification authorisation shall ensure that any such
d) The organisation shall have appropriate staff for the normal expected maintenance that could affect flight safety is re-checked.
contracted work. The use of temporarily subcontracted staff is permitted c) The approved maintenance organisation shall record all details concern-
in the case of higher than normally expected contracted work and only for ing certifying staff and maintain a current list of all certifying staff.
personnel not issuing a certificate of release to service.
e) The qualification of all personnel involved in maintenance shall be dem- M.A.608 Components, Equipment and Tools
onstrated and recorded. a) The organisation shall:
f) Personnel who carry out specialised tasks such as welding, non-destruc- 1) hold the equipment and tools specified in the M.A.609 maintenance
tive testing/inspection other than colour contrast shall be qualified in ac- data or verified equivalents as listed in the maintenance organisation
cordance with an officially recognised standard. manual as necessary for day-to-day maintenance within the scope
g) The maintenance organisation shall have sufficient certifying staff to is- of the approval; and,
sue M.A.612 and M.A.613 certificates of release to service for aircraft and 2) demonstrate that it has access to all other equipment and tools used
components. They shall comply with the requirements of Part-66. only on an occasional basis.
b) Tools and equipment shall be controlled and calibrated to an officially rec-
M.A.607 Certifying Staff ognised standard. Records of such calibrations and the standard used
a) In addition to M.A.606(g), certifying staff can only exercise their privileg- shall be kept by the organisation.
es, if the organisation has ensured: c) The organisation shall inspect, classify and appropriately segregate all in-
1) that certifying staff can demonstrate that in the preceding two-year coming components.
period they have either had six months of relevant maintenance ex-
perience or, met the provision for the issue of the appropriate privi- M.A.609 Maintenance Data
leges; and, The approved maintenance organisation shall hold and use applicable current
2) that certifying staff have an adequate understanding of the relevant maintenance data specified in M.A.401 in the performance of maintenance includ-
aircraft and/or aircraft component(s) to be maintained together with ing modifications and repairs. In the case of customer provided maintenance data,
the associated organisation procedures. it is only necessary to have such data when the work is in progress.
b) In the following unforeseen cases, where an aircraft is grounded at a lo-
cation other than the main base where no appropriate certifying staff is
available, the maintenance organisation contracted to provide mainte-
nance support may issue a one-off certification authorisation:

M.A.610 Maintenance Work Orders 2) All computer hardware used to ensure backup shall be stored in a
Before the commencement of maintenance a written work order shall be agreed different location from that containing the working data in an environ-
between the organisation and the customer to clearly establish the maintenance ment that ensures they remain in good condition.
to be carried out. 3) Where an approved maintenance organisation terminates its opera-
tion, all retained maintenance records covering the last two years
M.A.611 Maintenance Standards shall be distributed to the last owner or customer of the respective
All maintenance shall be carried out in accordance with the requirements of M.A. aircraft or component or shall be stored as specified by the compe-
Subpart D. tent authority.
M.A.612 Aircraft Certificate of Release to Service M.A.615 Privileges of the Organisation

At the completion of all required aircraft maintenance in accordance with this Sub- The organisation may:
part an aircraft certificate of release to service shall be issued according to 1. maintain any aircraft and/or component for which it is approved at the loca-
M.A.801. tions specified in the approval certificate and in the manual.
2. maintain any aircraft and/or component for which it is approved at any other
M.A.613 Component Certificate of Release to Service location subject to such maintenance being only necessary to rectify arising
a) At the completion of all required component maintenance in accordance defects.
with this Subpart a component certificate of release to service shall be is-
sued according to M.A.802, EASA Form 1 shall be issued except for 3. issue certificates of release to service on completion of maintenance, in ac-
those components fabricated in accordance with M.A.603(b). cordance with M.A.612 or M.A.613.
b) The component certificate release to service document, EASA Form 1 M.A.616 Organisational Review
may be generated from a computer database.
To ensure that the approved maintenance organisation continues to meet the re-
M.A.614 Maintenance Records quirements of this Subpart, it shall organise, on a regular basis, organisational re-
views.
a) The approved maintenance organisation shall record all details of work
carried out. Records necessary to prove all requirements have been met M.A.617 Changes to the Approved Maintenance Organisation
for issuance of the certificate of release to service including the sub-con-
tractor's release documents shall be retained. In order to enable the competent authority to determine continued compliance with
this Part, the approved maintenance organisation shall notify it of any proposal to
b) The approved maintenance organisation shall provide a copy of each
certificate of release to service to the aircraft owner, together with a copy carry out any of the following changes, before such changes take place:
of any specific approved repair/modification data used for repairs/modifi- 1. the name of the organisation;
cations carried out. 2. the location of the organisation;
c) The approved maintenance organisation shall retain a copy of all mainte-
3. additional locations of the organisation;
nance records and any associated maintenance data for three years from
the date the aircraft or aircraft component to which the work relates was 4. the accountable manager;
released from the approved maintenance organisation. 5. any of the persons specified in paragraph M.A.606(b);
1) The records shall be stored in a manner that ensures protection from 6. the facilities, equipment, tools, material, procedures, work scope and certify-
damage and theft. ing staff that could affect the approval.

In the case of proposed changes in personnel not known to the management be- M.A.703 Extent of Approval
forehand, these changes shall be notified at the earliest opportunity. a) The grant of approval is indicated by the issue of the certificate included
in Appendix VI by the competent authority.
M.A.618 Continued Validity of Approval
The M.A.704 approved continuing airworthiness management exposition
a) An approval shall be issued for an unlimited duration. It shall remain valid must specify the scope of work deemed to constitute approval.
subject to:
b) Notwithstanding paragraph (a), for commercial air transport, the approval
1) the organisation remaining in compliance with this Part, in accord- shall be part of the air operator certificate issued by the competent au-
ance with the provisions related to the handling of findings as speci- thority, for the aircraft operated.
fied under M.A.619, and;
2) the competent authority being granted access to the organisation to M.A.704 Continuing Airworthiness Management Exposition
determine continued compliance with this Part, and; a) The continuing airworthiness management organisation shall provide a
3) the approval not being surrendered or revoked; continuing airworthiness management exposition containing the follow-
b) Upon surrender or revocation, the approval certificate shall be returned ing information:
to the competent authority. 1) a statement signed by the accountable manager to confirm that the
organisation will work in accordance with this Part and the exposition
M.A.619 Findings at all times, and;
a) A level 1 finding is any significant non-compliance with Part-M require- 2) the organisation's scope of work, and;
ments which lowers the safety standard and hazards seriously the flight 3) the title(s) and name(s) of person(s) referred to in M.A.706(b) and
safety. M.A.706(c), and;
b) A level 2 finding is any non-compliance with the Part-M requirements 4) an organisation chart showing associated chains of responsibility be-
which could lower the safety standard and possibly hazard the flight safe- tween the person(s) referred to in M.A.706(b) and M.A.706(c), and;
ty.
5) a list of M.A.707 airworthiness review staff, and;
c) After receipt of notification of findings according to M.B.605, the holder of
6) a general description and location of the facilities, and;
the maintenance organisation approval shall define a corrective action
plan and demonstrate corrective action to the satisfaction of the compe- 7) procedures specifying how the continuing airworthiness manage-
tent authority within a period agreed with this authority. ment organisation ensures compliance with this Part, and;
8) the continuing airworthiness management exposition amendment
Subpart G Continuing Airworthiness Management Organisation procedures.
b) The continuing airworthiness management exposition and its amend-
M.A.701 Scope ments shall be approved by the competent authority.
This Subpart establishes the requirements to be met by an organisation to qualify Notwithstanding paragraph (b) minor amendments to the exposition may be ap-
for the issue or continuation of an approval for the management of aircraft contin- proved through an exposition procedure (hereinafter called indirect approval).
uing airworthiness.
M.A.705 Facilities
M.A.702 Application The continuing airworthiness management organisation shall provide suitable of-
An application for issue or variation of a continuing airworthiness management or- fice accommodation at appropriate locations for the personnel specified in
ganisation approval shall be made on a form and in a manner established by the M.A.706.
competent authority.

M.A.706 Personnel Requirements 4) a position within the approved organisation with appropriate respon-
a) The organisation shall appoint an accountable manager, who has corpo- sibilities.
rate authority for ensuring that all continuing airworthiness management b) Airworthiness review staff nominated by the approved continuing airwor-
activities can be financed and carried out in accordance with this Part. thiness organisation can only be issued an authorisation by the approved
b) For commercial air transport the paragraph (a) accountable manager continuing airworthiness organisation when formally accepted by the
shall be the person who also has corporate authority for ensuring that all competent authority after satisfactory completion of an airworthiness re-
the operations of the operator can be financed and carried out to the view under supervision.
standard required for the issue of an air operator's certificate. c) The organisation shall ensure that aircraft airworthiness review staff can
c) A person or group of persons shall be nominated with the responsibility demonstrate appropriate recent continuing airworthiness management
of ensuring that the organisation is always in compliance with this Sub- experience.
part. Such person(s) shall be ultimately responsible to the accountable d) Airworthiness review staff shall be identified by listing each person in the
manager. continuing airworthiness management exposition together with their air-
d) For commercial air transport, the accountable manager shall designate a worthiness review authorisation reference.
nominated post holder. This person shall be responsible for the manage- e) The organisation shall maintain a record of all airworthiness review staff,
ment and supervision of continuing airworthiness activities, pursuant to which shall include details of any appropriate qualification held together
paragraph (c). with a summary of relevant continuing airworthiness management expe-
e) The nominated post holder referred to in paragraph (d) shall not be em- rience and training and a copy of the authorisation. This record shall be
ployed by a Part-145 approved organisation under contract to the opera- retained until two years after the airworthiness review staff have left the
tor, unless specifically agreed by the competent authority. organisation.
f) The organisation shall have sufficient appropriately qualified staff for the M.A.708 Continuing Airworthiness Management
expected work.
a) All continuing airworthiness management shall be carried out according
g) All paragraph (c) and (d) persons shall be able to show relevant knowl-
to the prescriptions of M.A Subpart C.
edge, background and appropriate experience related to aircraft continu-
ing airworthiness. b) For every aircraft managed, the approved continuing airworthiness man-
agement organisation shall:
h) The qualification of all personnel involved in continuing airworthiness
management shall be recorded. 1) develop and control a maintenance programme for the aircraft man-
aged including any applicable reliability programme,
M.A.707 Airworthiness Review Staff 2) present the aircraft maintenance programme and its amendments to
a) To be approved to carry out airworthiness reviews, an approved continu- the competent authority for approval and provide a copy of the pro-
ing airworthiness management organisation shall have appropriate air- gramme to the owner of non commercially operated aircraft,
worthiness review staff to issue M.A. Subpart I airworthiness review 3) manage the approval of modification and repairs,
certificates or recommendations. 4) ensure that all maintenance is carried out in accordance with the ap-
In addition to M.A.706 requirements, these staff shall have acquired: proved maintenance programme and released in accordance with
1) at least five years experience in continuing airworthiness, and; M.A. Subpart H,
2) an appropriate Part-66 licence or an aeronautical degree or equiva- 5) ensure that all applicable airworthiness directives and operational di-
lent, and; rectives with a continuing airworthiness impact, are applied,
3) formal aeronautical maintenance training, and;

6) ensure that all defects discovered during scheduled maintenance or 1) airframe, engine and propeller flying hours and associated flight cy-
reported are corrected by an appropriately approved maintenance cles have been properly recorded, and;
organisation, 2) the flight manual is applicable to the aircraft configuration and re-
7) ensure that the aircraft is taken to an appropriately approved main- flects the latest revision status, and;
tenance organisation whenever necessary, 3) all the maintenance due on the aircraft according to the approved
8) coordinate scheduled maintenance, the application of airworthiness maintenance programme has been carried out, and;
directives, the replacement of service life limited parts, and compo- 4) all known defects have been corrected or, when applicable, carried
nent inspection to ensure the work is carried out properly, forward in a controlled manner, and;
9) manage and archive all continuing airworthiness records and/or op- 5) all applicable airworthiness directives have been applied and prop-
erator's technical log. erly registered, and;
10) ensure that the mass and balance statement reflects the current sta- 6) all modifications and repairs applied to the aircraft have been regis-
tus of the aircraft. tered and are approved according to Part-21, and;
c) In the case of commercial air transport, when the operator is not appro- 7) all service life limited components installed on the aircraft are prop-
priately approved to Part-145, the operator shall establish a written main- erly identified, registered and have not exceeded their approved
tenance contract between the operator and a Part-145 approved service life limit, and;
organisation or another operator, detailing the functions specified under 8) all maintenance has been released in accordance with this Part, and;
M.A.301-2, M.A.301-3, M.A.301-5 and M.A.301-6, ensuring that all main-
9) the current mass and balance statement reflects the configuration of
tenance is ultimately carried out by a Part-145 approved maintenance or-
the aircraft and is valid, and;
ganisation and defining the support of the quality functions of M.A.712(b).
The aircraft base, scheduled line maintenance and engine maintenance 10) the aircraft complies with the latest revision of its type design ap-
contracts, together with all amendments, shall be approved by the com- proved by the Agency.
petent authority. However, in the case of: b) The approved continuing airworthiness management organisation's air-
1) an aircraft requiring unscheduled line maintenance, the contract may worthiness review staff shall carry out a physical survey of the aircraft.
be in the form of individual work orders addressed to the Part-145 For this survey, airworthiness review staff not appropriately qualified to
maintenance organisation. Part-66 shall be assisted by such qualified personnel.
2) component maintenance, including engine maintenance, the con- c) Through the physical survey of the aircraft, the airworthiness review staff
tract as referred to in paragraph (c) may be in the form of individual shall ensure that:
work orders addressed to the Part-145 maintenance organisation. 1) all required markings and placards are properly installed, and;
2) the aircraft complies with its approved flight manual, and;
M.A.709 Documentation 3) the aircraft configuration complies with the approved documentation,
The approved continuing airworthiness management organisation shall hold and and;
use applicable current M.A.401 maintenance data in the performance of M.A.708 4) no evident defect can be found that has not been addressed accord-
continuing airworthiness tasks. ing to M.A.404, and;
M.A.710 Airworthiness Review 5) no inconsistencies can be found between the aircraft and the para-
graph (a) documented review of records.
a) To satisfy the requirement for an M.A.902 airworthiness review of an air-
d) By derogation to M.A.902(a) the airworthiness review can be anticipated
craft, a full documented review of the aircraft records shall be carried out
by a maximum period of 90 days without loss of continuity of the airwor-
by the approved continuing airworthiness management organisation in
order to be satisfied that:

thiness review pattern, to allow the physical review to take place during a b) The quality system shall monitor M.A. Subpart G activities. It shall at least
maintenance check. include the following functions:
e) An M.A.902 airworthiness review certificate (EASA Form 15b) or a rec- 1) monitoring that all M.A. Subpart G activities are being performed in
ommendation is issued by appropriately authorised M.A.707 airworthi- accordance with the approved procedures, and;
ness review staff on behalf of the approved continuing airworthiness 2) monitoring that all contracted maintenance is carried out in accord-
management organisation when satisfied that the airworthiness review ance with the contract, and;
has been properly carried out. 3) monitoring the continued compliance with the requirements of this
f) A copy of any airworthiness review certificate issued or extended for an Part.
aircraft shall be sent to the Member State of Registry of that aircraft within c) The records of these activities shall be stored for at least two years.
10 days.
d) Where the approved continuing airworthiness management organisation
g) Airworthiness review tasks shall not be sub-contracted. is approved in accordance with another Part, the quality system may be
h) Should the outcome of the airworthiness review be inconclusive, the combined with that required by the other Part.
competent authority shall be informed. e) In case of commercial air transport the M.A. Subpart G quality system
shall be an integrated part of the operator's quality system.
M.A.711 Privileges of the Organisation
f) In the case of a small M.A. Subpart G organisation that does not have the
a) An approved continuing airworthiness management organisation, may:
privileges granted under M.A.711(b), the quality system can be replaced
1) manage the continuing airworthiness of non-commercial air trans- by performing organisational reviews on a regular basis.
port aircraft as listed on the approval certificate.
2) manage the continuing airworthiness of commercial air transport air- M.A.713 Changes to the Approved Continuing Airworthiness
craft when listed on its air operator certificate. Organisation
3) arrange to carry out any task of continuing airworthiness within the In order to enable the competent authority to determine continued compliance with
limitation of its approval with another organisation that is working un- this Part, the approved continuing airworthiness management organisation shall
der its quality system. notify it of any proposal to carry out any of the following changes, before such
b) An approved continuing airworthiness management organisation, may changes take place:
additionally be approved to: 1. the name of the organisation.
1) issue an airworthiness review certificate, or;
2. the location of the organisation.
2) make a recommendation for the airworthiness review to a Member
State of Registry. 3. additional locations of the organisation.
c) An organisation shall be registered in one of the Member States to be 4. the accountable manager.
granted the privilege pursuant to paragraph (b). 5. any of the persons specified in M.A.706(c).
M.A.712 Quality System 6. the facilities, procedures, work scope and staff that could affect the approval.
a) To ensure that the approved continuing airworthiness management or- In the case of proposed changes in personnel not known to the management be-
ganisation continues to meet the requirements of this Subpart, it shall es- forehand, these changes shall be notified at the earliest opportunity.
tablish a quality system and designate a quality manager to monitor
compliance with, and the adequacy of, procedures required to ensure air-
worthy aircraft. Compliance monitoring shall include a feedback system
to the accountable manager to ensure corrective action as necessary.

M.A.714 Record-Keeping M.A.716 Findings

a) The continuing airworthiness management organisation shall record all a) A level 1 finding is any significant non-compliance with Part-M require-
details of work carried out. The records required by M.A.305 and if appli- ments which lowers the safety standard and hazards seriously the flight
cable M.A.306 shall be retained. safety.
b) If the continuing airworthiness management organisation has the privi- b) A level 2 finding is any non-compliance with the Part-M requirements
lege of M.A.711(b), it shall retain a copy of each airworthiness review cer- which could lower the safety standard and possibly hazard the flight safe-
tificate and recommendation issued, together with all supporting ty.
documents. c) After receipt of notification of findings according to M.B.705, the holder of
c) The continuing airworthiness management organisation shall retain a the continuing airworthiness management organisation approval shall
copy of all records listed in paragraph (b) until two years after the aircraft define a corrective action plan and demonstrate corrective action to the
has been permanently withdrawn from service. satisfaction of the competent authority within a period agreed with this au-
d) The records shall be stored in a manner that ensures protection from thority.
damage, alteration and theft.
e) All computer hardware used to ensure backup shall be stored in a differ- Subpart H Certificate of Release to Service - CRS
ent location from that containing the working data in an environment that
ensures they remain in good condition. M.A.801 Aircraft Certificate of Release to Service
f) Where continuing airworthiness management of an aircraft is transferred a) Except for aircraft released to service by a Part-145 organisation, the cer-
to another organisation or person, all retained records shall be trans- tificate of release to service shall be issued according to this Subpart.
ferred to the said organisation or person. The time periods prescribed for b) A certificate of release to service shall be issued before flight at the com-
the retention of records shall continue to apply to the said organisation or pletion of any maintenance. When satisfied that all maintenance required
person. has been properly carried out, a certificate of release to service shall be
g) Where a continuing airworthiness management organisation terminates issued:
its operation, all retained records shall be transferred to the owner of the 1) By appropriate certifying staff on behalf of the M.A. Subpart F ap-
aircraft. proved maintenance organisation; or
2) Except for complex maintenance tasks listed in Appendix 7, by cer-
M.A.715 Continued Validity of Approval tifying staff in compliance with the requirements of Part-66; or
a) An approval shall be issued for an unlimited duration. It shall remain valid 3) By the M.A.803 pilot-owner.
subject to: c) In the case of a release to service under (b)2 the certifying staff may be
1) the organisation remaining in compliance with this Part, in accord- assisted in the execution of the maintenance tasks by one or more per-
ance with the provisions related to the handling of findings as speci- sons under his direct and continuous control.
fied under M.B.705 and; d) A certificate of release to service shall contain basic details of the main-
2) the competent authority being granted access to the organisation to tenance carried out, the date such maintenance was completed and:
determine continued compliance with this Part, and; 1) the identity including approval reference of the M.A. Subpart F ap-
3) the approval not being surrendered or revoked. proved maintenance organisation and certifying staff issuing such a
b) Upon surrender or revocation, the approval certificate shall be returned certificate; or
to the competent authority. 2) in the case of subparagraph (b)2 certificate of release to service, the
identity and if applicable licence number of the certifying staff issuing
such a certificate.

e) Notwithstanding paragraph (b) in the case of incomplete maintenance, ment organisation, which has not changed organisations in the previous
such fact shall be entered in the aircraft certificate of release to service 12 months, and which is maintained by approved maintenance organisa-
before the issue of such certificate. tions. This includes M.A.803(b) maintenance carried out and released to
f) A certificate of release to service shall not be issued in the case of any service according to M.A.801(b)2 or M.A.801(b)3.
known non-compliance which hazards seriously the flight safety. c) If an aircraft is within a controlled environment, the continuing airworthi-
ness management organisation managing the aircraft may if appropriate-
M.A.802 Component Certificate of Release to Service ly approved:
a) A certificate of release to service shall be issued at the completion of any 1) issue the airworthiness review certificate in accordance with
maintenance on an aircraft component whilst off the aircraft. M.A.710, and;
b) The authorised release certificate identified as EASA Form 1 for the 2) for airworthiness review certificates it has issued, when the aircraft
Member States constitutes the aircraft component certificate of release has remained within a controlled environment, extend twice the va-
to service. lidity of the airworthiness review certificate for a period of one year
each time. An airworthiness review certificate shall not be extended
M.A.803 Pilot-Owner Authorisation if the organisation is aware or has reason to believe that the aircraft
a) The pilot-owner is the person who owns or jointly owns the aircraft being is unairworthy.
maintained and holds a valid pilot licence with the appropriate type or d) If an aircraft is not within a controlled environment, or managed by an
class rating. M.A. Subpart G approved continuing airworthiness management organi-
b) For any privately operated aircraft of simple design with a maximum take- sation that does not hold the privilege to carry out airworthiness reviews,
off mass of less than 2730 kg, glider and balloon, the pilot-owner may is- the airworthiness review certificate shall be issued by the competent au-
sue the certificate of release to service after limited pilot owner mainte- thority following a satisfactory assessment based on a recommendation
nance listed in Appendix VIII. made by an appropriately approved continuing airworthiness manage-
c) Limited pilot owner maintenance shall be defined in the M.A.302 aircraft ment organisation sent together with the application from the owner or
maintenance programme. operator. This recommendation shall be based on an airworthiness re-
d) The certificate of release to service must be entered in the logbooks and view carried out in accordance with M.A.710.
contain basic details of the maintenance carried out, the date such main- e) Whenever circumstances show the existence of a potential safety threat,
tenance was completed and the identity and pilot licence number of the the competent authority may decide to carry out the airworthiness review
pilot-owner issuing such a certificate. and issue the airworthiness review certificate itself. In this case, the own-
er or operator shall provide the competent authority with:
Subpart I Airworthiness Review Certificate the documentation required by the competent authority,
suitable accommodation at the appropriate location for its personnel,
M.A.901 Aircraft Airworthiness Review and
To ensure the validity of the aircraft airworthiness certificate an airworthiness re- when necessary the support of personnel appropriately qualified in
view of the aircraft and its continuing airworthiness records must be carried out pe- accordance with Part-66.
riodically.
a) An airworthiness review certificate is issued in accordance with Appendix M.A.902 Validity of the Airworthiness Review Certificate
III (EASA Form 15a or 15b) on completion of a satisfactory airworthiness a) An airworthiness review certificate becomes invalid if:
review and is valid one year. 1) suspended or revoked; or
b) An aircraft in a controlled environment is an aircraft continuously man- 2) the airworthiness certificate is suspended or revoked; or
aged by an M.A. Subpart G approved continuing airworthiness manage-

3) the aircraft is not on the aircraft register of a Member State; or b) When satisfied that the aircraft is in compliance with the relevant require-
4) the type certificate under which the airworthiness certificate was is- ments, the continuing airworthiness management organisation shall send
sued is suspended or revoked. a documented recommendation for the issuance of an airworthiness re-
b) An aircraft must not fly if the airworthiness certificate is invalid or if: view certificate to the Member State of registry.
1) the continuing airworthiness of the aircraft or any component fitted to c) The owner shall allow access to the aircraft for inspection by the Member
the aircraft does not meet the requirements of this Part, or; State of registry.
2) the aircraft does not remain in conformity with the type design ap- d) A new airworthiness certificate will be issued by the Member State of reg-
proved by the Agency; or istry when it is satisfied the aircraft complies with the prescriptions of
Part-21.
3) the aircraft has been operated beyond the limitations of the approved
flight manual or the airworthiness certificate, without appropriate ac- e) The Member State shall also issue the airworthiness review certificate
tion being taken; or valid normally for one year unless the Member State has safety reason
to limit the validity.
4) the aircraft has been involved in an accident or incident that affects
the airworthiness of the aircraft, without subsequent appropriate ac- M.A.905 Findings
tion to restore airworthiness; or
a) A level 1 finding is any significant non-compliance with Part-M require-
5) a modification or repair has not been approved in accordance with ments which lowers the safety standard and hazards seriously the flight
Part-21. safety.
c) Upon surrender or revocation, the airworthiness review certificate shall b) A level 2 finding is any non-compliance with the Part-M requirements
be returned to the competent authority. which could lower the safety standard and possibly hazard the flight safe-
ty.
M.A.903 Transfer of Aircraft Registration within the EU
c) After receipt of notification of findings according to M.B.303, the person
a) When transferring an aircraft registration within the EU, the applicant
or organisation accountable according to M.A.201 shall define a correc-
shall: tive action plan and demonstrate corrective action to the satisfaction of
1) inform the former Member State in which Member State it will be reg- the competent authority within a period agreed with this authority includ-
istered, then; ing appropriate corrective action to prevent reoccurrence of the finding
2) apply to the new Member State for the issuance of a new airworthi- and its root cause.
ness certificate in accordance with Part 21.
b) Notwithstanding M.A.902(a)(3), the former airworthiness review certifi-
cate shall remain valid until its expiry date.
M.A.904 Airworthiness Review of Aircraft Imported into the EU

a) When importing an aircraft onto a Member State register from a third
country, the applicant shall:
1) apply to the Member State of registry for the issuance of a new air-
worthiness certificate in accordance with Part- 21; and
2) have an airworthiness review carried out by an appropriately ap-
proved continuing airworthiness management organisation; and
3) have all maintenance as requested by the continuing airworthiness
management organisation carried out.

Section B Procedure for Competent Authorities M.B.104 Record-Keeping

a) The competent authorities shall establish a system of record-keeping that
Subpart A General allows adequate traceability of the process to issue, continue, change,
suspend or revoke each certificate.
M.B.101 Scope b) The records for the oversight of Part-M approved organisations shall in-
This Section establishes the administrative requirements to be followed by the clude as a minimum:
competent authorities in charge of the application and the enforcement of Section 1) the application for an organisation approval.
A of this Part. 2) the organisation approval certificate including any changes.
3) a copy of the audit program listing the dates when audits are due and
M.B.102 Competent Authority when audits were carried out.
a) General 4) the competent authority continued oversight records including all au-
A Member State shall designate a competent authority with allocated re- dit records.
sponsibilities for the issuance, continuation, change, suspension or rev- 5) copies of all relevant correspondence.
ocation of certificates and for the oversight of continuing airworthiness.
This competent authority shall establish documented procedures and an 6) details of any exemption and enforcement actions.
organisational structure. 7) any report from other competent authorities relating to the oversight
b) Resources of the organisation.
The number of staff shall be appropriate to carry out the requirements as 8) organisation exposition or manual and amendments.
detailed in this Section B. 9) copy of any other document directly approved by the competent au-
c) Qualification and training thority.
All staff involved in Part-M activities shall be appropriately qualified and c) The retention period for the paragraph (b) records shall be at least four
have appropriate knowledge, experience, initial training and continuation years.
training to perform their allocated tasks. d) The minimum records for the oversight of each aircraft shall include, at
d) Procedures least, a copy of:
The competent authority shall establish procedures detailing how compli- 1) aircraft certificate of airworthiness,
ance with this Part is accomplished. 2) airworthiness review certificates,
The procedures shall be reviewed and amended to ensure continued 3) Section A Subpart G organisation recommendations,
compliance. 4) reports from the airworthiness reviews carried out directly by the
Member State,
M.B.103 Acceptable Means of Compliance 5) all relevant correspondence relating to the aircraft,
The Agency shall develop acceptable means of compliance that the Member 6) details of any exemption and enforcement action(s),
States may use to establish compliance with this Part. When the acceptable 7) any document directly approved by the competent authority as re-
means of compliance are complied with, the related requirements of this Part shall ferred to in M.B. Subpart B.
be considered as met.
e) The records specified in paragraph (d) shall be retained until two years
after the aircraft has been permanently withdrawn from service.
f) All records specified in M.B.104 shall be made available upon request by
another Member State or the Agency.

M.B.105 Mutual Exchange of Information b) The survey programme shall include sample product surveys of aircraft.
a) In order to contribute to the improvement of air safety, the competent au- c) The programme shall be developed taking into account the number of air-
thorities shall participate in a mutual exchange of all necessary informa- craft on the register, local knowledge and past surveillance activities.
tion in accordance with Article 11 of the basic Regulation. d) The product survey shall focus on a number of key risk airworthiness el-
b) Without prejudice to the competencies of the Member States, in the case ements and identify any findings. Furthermore, the competent authority
of a potential safety threat involving several Member States, the con- shall analyse each finding to determine its root cause.
cerned competent authorities shall assist each other in carrying out the e) All findings shall be confirmed in writing to the person or organisation ac-
necessary oversight action. countable according to M.A.201.
f) The competent authority shall record all findings, closure actions and rec-
Subpart B Accountability ommendations.
g) If during aircraft surveys evidence is found showing non-compliance to a
M.B.201 Responsibilities Part-M requirement, the competent authority shall take actions in accord-
The competent authorities as specified in M.1 are responsible for conducting in- ance with M.B.903.
spections and investigations in order to verify that the requirements of this Part are h) If the root cause of the finding identifies a non-compliance with any Sub-
complied with. part or with another Part, the non-compliance shall be dealt with as pre-
scribed by the relevant Part.
Subpart C Continuing Airworthiness
M.B.304 Revocation, Suspension and Limitation
M.B.301 Maintenance Programme
The competent authority shall:
a) The competent authority shall verify that the maintenance programme is
a) suspend an airworthiness review certificate on reasonable grounds in the
in compliance with M.A.302.
case of potential safety threat, or;
b) Except where stated otherwise in M.A.302(e) the maintenance pro-
b) suspend, revoke or limit an airworthiness review certificate pursuant to
gramme and its amendments shall be approved directly by the competent
authority. M.B.303(g).
c) In the case of indirect approval, the maintenance programme procedure Subpart D Maintenance Standards
shall be approved by the competent authority through the continuing air-
worthiness management exposition. (to be developed as appropriate)
d) In order to approve a maintenance programme according to paragraph
(b), the competent authority shall have access to all the data required in Subpart E Components
M.A.302(c) and (d). (to be developed as appropriate)
M.B.302 Exemptions Subpart F Maintenance Organisation
All exemptions granted in accordance with Article 10(3) of the basic Regulation
shall be recorded and retained by the competent authority. M.B.601 Application
Where maintenance facilities are located in more than one Member State the in-
M.B.303 Aircraft Continuing Airworthiness Monitoring vestigation and continued oversight of the approval shall be carried out in conjunc-
a) Every competent authority shall develop a survey programme to monitor tion with the competent authorities designated by the Member States in whose
the airworthiness status of the fleet of aircraft on its register. territory the other maintenance facilities are located.

M.B.602 Initial Approval d) The competent authority shall record all findings, closure actions (actions
a) Provided the requirements of M.A.606(a) and (b) are complied with, the required to close a finding) and recommendations.
competent authority shall formally indicate its acceptance of the e) A meeting with the accountable manager shall be convened at least once
M.A.606(a) and (b) personnel to the applicant in writing. every 24 months to ensure he/she remains informed of significant issues
b) The competent authority shall establish that the procedures specified in arising during audits.
the maintenance organisation manual comply with M.A Subpart F and
ensure the accountable manager signs the commitment statement. M.B.605 Findings
c) The competent authority shall verify that the organisation is in compliance a) When during audits or by other means evidence is found showing non-
with the Part-M.A Subpart F requirements. compliance to the Part-M requirement, the competent authority shall take
the following actions:
d) A meeting with the accountable manager shall be convened at least once
during the investigation for approval to ensure that he/she fully under- 1) For level 1 findings, immediate action shall be taken by the compe-
stands the significance of the approval and the reason for signing the tent authority to revoke, limit or suspend in whole or in part, depend-
commitment of the organisation to compliance with the procedures spec- ing upon the extent of the level 1 finding, the maintenance
ified in the manual. organisation approval, until successful corrective action has been
taken by the organisation.
e) All findings shall be confirmed in writing to the applicant organisation.
2) For level 2 findings, the competent authority shall grant a corrective
f) The competent authority shall record all findings, closure actions (actions
action period appropriate to the nature of the finding that shall not be
required to close a finding) and recommendations.
more than three months. In certain circumstances, at the end of this
g) For initial approval all findings shall be corrected by the organisation and first period and subject to the nature of the finding, the competent au-
closed by the competent authority before the approval can be issued. thority can extend the three month period subject to a satisfactory
corrective action plan.
M.B.603 Issue of Approval
b) Action shall be taken by the competent authority to suspend in whole or
a) The competent authority shall issue to the applicant an EASA Form 3 ap- part the approval in case of failure to comply within the timescale granted
proval certificate (Appendix V) which includes the extent of approval, by the competent authority.
when the maintenance organisation is in compliance with the applicable
paragraphs of this Part. M.B.606 Changes
b) The competent authority shall indicate the conditions attached to the ap- a) In the case of direct approval of amendments of the maintenance organ-
proval on the EASA Form 3 approval certificate. isation manual, the competent authority shall verify that the procedures
c) The reference number shall be included on the EASA Form 3 approval specified in the manual are in compliance with Part-M before formally no-
certificate in a manner specified by the Agency. tifying the approved organisation of the approval.
b) In the case of indirect approval of amendments of the maintenance or-
M.B.604 Continuing Oversight ganisation manual, the competent authority shall ensure that it has an ad-
a) The competent authority shall keep and update a program listing for each equate control over the approval of all manual amendments.
M.A Subpart F approved maintenance organisations under its supervi- c) The competent authority may prescribe the conditions under which the
sion, the dates when audit visits are due and when such visits were car- M.A. Subpart F approved maintenance organisation may operate during
ried out. such changes unless it determines that the approval should be suspend-
b) Each organisation shall be completely audited at periods not exceeding ed.
24 months.
c) All findings shall be confirmed in writing to the applicant organisation.

M.B.607 Revocation, Suspension and Limitation of an Approval position commitment of the organisation to compliance with the
The competent authority shall: procedures specified in the continuing airworthiness management expo-
sition.
a) suspend an approval on reasonable grounds in the case of potential safe-
ty threat, or; e) All findings shall be confirmed in writing to the applicant organisation.
b) suspend, revoke or limit an approval pursuant to M.B.605. f) (f) The competent authority shall record all findings, closure actions (ac-
tions required to close a finding) and recommendations.
Subpart G Continuing Airworthiness Management Organisation g) For initial approval all findings shall be corrected by the organisation and
closed by the competent authority before the approval can be issued.
M.B.701 Application
a) For commercial air transport the competent authority shall receive for ap-
M.B.703 Issue of Approval
proval with the initial application for the air operator's certificate and a) The competent authority shall issue to the applicant an EASA Form 14
where applicable any variation applied for and for each aircraft type to be approval certificate (Appendix VI) which includes the extent of approval,
operated: when the continuing airworthiness management organisation is in com-
pliance with M.A. Subpart G.
1) the continuing airworthiness management exposition;
2) the operator's aircraft maintenance programmes; b) The competent authority shall indicate the validity of the approval on the
EASA Form 14 approval certificate.
3) the aircraft technical log;
c) The reference number shall be included on the Form 14 approval certifi-
4) where appropriate the technical specification of the maintenance cate in a manner specified by the Agency.
contracts between the operator and Part-145 approved maintenance
organisation. d) In the case of commercial air transport, the information contained on an
EASA Form 14 will be included on the air operator's certificate.
b) Where facilities are located in more than one Member State the investi-
gation and continued oversight of the approval shall be carried out in con- M.B.704 Continuing Oversight
junction with the competent authorities designated by the Member States
a) The competent authority shall keep and update a program listing for each
in whose territory the other facilities are located.
M.A. Subpart G approved continuing airworthiness organisations under
M.B.702 Initial Approval its supervision, the dates when audit visits are due and when such visits
were carried out.
a) Provided the requirements of M.A.706(a), (c), (d) and M.A.707 are com-
b) Each organisation shall be completely audited at periods not exceeding
plied with, the competent authority shall formally indicate its acceptance
24 months.
of the M.A.706(a), (c), (d) and M.A.707 personnel to the applicant in writ-
ing. c) A relevant sample of the aircraft managed by the M.B. Subpart G ap-
proved organisation shall be surveyed in every 24 month period. The size
b) The competent authority shall establish that the procedures specified in
of the sample will be decided by the competent authority based on the re-
the continuing airworthiness management exposition comply with Part-
sult of prior audits and earlier product surveys.
M.A. Subpart G and ensure the accountable manager signs the commit-
ment statement. d) All findings shall be confirmed in writing to the applicant organisation.
c) The competent authority shall verify the organisation's compliance with e) The competent authority shall record all findings, closure actions (actions
M.A. Subpart G requirements. required to close a finding) and recommendations.
d) A meeting with the accountable manager shall be convened at least once f) A meeting with the accountable manager shall be convened at least once
during the investigation for approval to ensure that he/she fully under- every 24 months to ensure he/she remains informed of significant issues
stands the significance of the approval and the reason for signing the ex- arising during audits.

M.B.705 Findings Subpart H Certificate of Release to Service - CRS

a) When during audits or by other means evidence is found showing non- (to be developed as appropriate)
compliance to the Part-M requirement, the competent authority shall take
the following actions: Subpart I Airworthiness Review Certificate
1) For level 1 findings, immediate action shall be taken by the compe-
tent authority to revoke, limit or suspend in whole or in part, depend- M.B.901 Assessment of Recommendations
ing upon the extent of the level 1 finding, the continuing Upon receipt of an application and associated airworthiness review certificate rec-
airworthiness management organisation approval, until successful ommendation in accordance with M.A.902(d):
corrective action has been taken by the organisation.
2) For level 2 findings, the competent authority shall grant a corrective 1. Appropriate qualified personnel from the competent authority shall verify that
action period appropriate to the nature of the finding that shall not be the compliance statement contained in the recommendation demonstrates
that a complete M.A.710 airworthiness review has been carried out.
more than three months. In certain circumstances, at the end of this
first period, and subject to the nature of the finding the competent au- 2. The competent authority shall investigate and may request further information
thority can extend the three month period subject to a satisfactory to support the assessment of the recommendation.
corrective action plan.
b) Action shall be taken by the competent authority to suspend in whole or M.B.902 Airworthiness Review by the Competent Authority
part the approval in case of failure to comply within the timescale granted a) When the competent authority decides to carry out the airworthiness re-
by the competent authority. view and issue the airworthiness review certificate EASA Form 15a (Ap-
pendix III), the competent authority shall carry out an airworthiness
M.B.706 Changes review in accordance with the prescriptions of M.A.710.
a) In the case of direct approval of the amendments of continuing airworthi- b) The competent authority shall have appropriate airworthiness review
ness management exposition, the competent authority shall verify that staff to carry out the airworthiness reviews.
the procedures specified in the exposition are in compliance with Part-M These staff shall have acquired:
before formally notifying the approved organisation of the approval. 1) at least five years experience in continuing airworthiness, and;
b) In the case of indirect approval of amendments of the continuing airwor- 2) an appropriate Part-66 licence or an aeronautical degree or equiva-
thiness management exposition, the competent authority shall ensure lent, and;
that it has an adequate control over the approval of all exposition amend- 3) formal aeronautical maintenance training, and;
ments.
4) a position with appropriate responsibilities.
c) The competent authority shall prescribe the conditions under which M.A.
Subpart G approved continuing airworthiness management organisation c) The competent authority shall maintain a record of all airworthiness re-
may operate during such changes. view staff, which shall include details of any appropriate qualification held
together with a summary of relevant continuing airworthiness manage-
M.B.707 Revocation, Suspension and Limitation of an Approval ment experience and training.
The competent authority shall: d) The competent authority shall have access to the applicable data as
specified in M.A.305, M.A.306 and M.A.401 in the performance of the air-
a) suspend an approval on reasonable grounds in the case of potential safe- worthiness review.
ty threat, or;
b) suspend, revoke or limit an approval pursuant to M.B.705.

M.B.903 Findings
If during aircraft surveys or by other means evidence is found showing non-com-
pliance to a Part-M requirement, the competent authority shall take the following
actions:
1. for level 1 findings, the competent authority shall require appropriate correc-
tive action to be taken before further flight and immediate action shall be taken
by the competent authority to revoke or suspend the airworthiness review cer-
tificate.
2. for level 2 findings, the corrective action required by the competent authority
shall be appropriate to the nature of the finding.

Appendix I Continuing Airworthiness Arrangement 5. When an owner contracts an M.A. Subpart G approved continuing airworthi-
ness organisation in accordance with M.A.201 the obligations of each party
1. When an owner contracts an M.A. Subpart G approved continuing airworthi- shall be shared as follows:
ness organisation in accordance with M.A.201 to carry out continuing airwor- 5.1. Obligations of the approved organisation:
thiness management tasks, upon request by the competent authority a copy
1) have the aircraft's type in the scope of its approval;
of the arrangement shall be sent by the owner to the competent authority of
the Member State of registry once it has been signed by both parties. 2) respect the conditions to maintain the continuing airworthiness of the
aircraft listed below:
2. The arrangement shall be developed taking into account the requirements of
develop a maintenance programme for the aircraft, including
Part M and shall define the obligations of the signatories in relation to contin-
any reliability programme developed,
uing airworthiness of the aircraft.
organise the approval of the aircraft's maintenance programme,
3. It shall contain as a minimum the:
once it has been approved, give a copy of the aircraft's mainte-
aircraft registration, nance programme to the owner,
aircraft type, organise a bridging inspection with the aircraft's prior mainte-
aircraft serial number, nance programme,
aircraft owner or registered lessee's name or company details including organise for all maintenance to be carried out by an approved
the address, maintenance organisation,
M.A. Subpart G approved continuing airworthiness organisation details in- organise for all applicable airworthiness directives to be applied,
cluding the address. organise for all defects discovered during scheduled mainte-
4. It shall state the following: nance or reported by the owner to be corrected by an approved
maintenance organisation,
The owner entrusts to the approved organisation the management of the con-
tinuing airworthiness of the aircraft, the development of a maintenance pro- coordinate scheduled maintenance, the application of airworthi-
gramme that shall be approved by the airworthiness authorities of the Member ness directives, the replacement of life limited parts, and com-
State where the aircraft is registered, and the organisation of the maintenance ponent inspection requirements,
of the aircraft according to said maintenance programme in an approved or- inform the owner each time the aircraft shall be brought to an ap-
ganisation. proved maintenance organisation,
According to the present arrangement, both signatories undertake to follow manage all technical records,
the respective obligations of this arrangement. archive all technical records;
The owner certifies, to the best of their belief that all the information given to 3) organise the approval of all and any modification to the aircraft ac-
the approved organisation concerning the continuing airworthiness of the air- cording to Part-21 before it is embodied;
craft is and will be accurate and that the aircraft will not be altered without prior 4) organise the approval of all and any repair to the aircraft according
approval of the approved organisation. to Part-21 before it is carried out;
In case of any non-conformity with this arrangement, by either of the signato- 5) inform the airworthiness Member State of registry whenever the air-
ries, it will become null. In such a case, the owner will retain full responsibility craft is not presented to the approved maintenance organisation by
for every task linked to the continuing airworthiness of the aircraft and the the owner as requested by the approved organisation;
owner will undertake to inform the competent authorities of the Member State 6) inform the airworthiness authorities of the Member State of registry
of registry within two full weeks. whenever the present arrangement has not been respected;

7) carry out the airworthiness review of the aircraft when necessary and
fill the airworthiness review certificate or the recommendation to the
Member State of registry;
8) carry out all occurrence reporting mandated by applicable regula-
tions;
9) inform the authorities of the Member State of registry whenever the
present arrangement is denounced by either party.
5.2. Obligations of the owner:
1) have a general understanding of the approved maintenance pro-
gramme;
2) have a general understanding of Part-M;
3) present the aircraft to the approved maintenance organisation
agreed with the approved organisation at the due time designated by
the approved organisation's request;
4) not modify the aircraft without first consulting the approved organisa-
tion;
5) inform the approved organisation of all maintenance exceptionally
carried out without the knowledge and control of the approved organ-
isation;
6) report to the approved organisation through the logbook all defects
found during operations;
7) inform the authorities of the Member State of registry whenever the
present arrangement is denounced by either party;
8) inform the authorities of the Member State of registry and the ap-
proved organisation whenever the aircraft is sold;
9) carry out all occurrence reporting mandated by applicable regula-
tions.


Training Manual 10.7 Applicable National and International
10.7 Applicable National and International Requirements

(For items not covered by a EASA regulation)

Aircraft Maintenance Programs, Checks and

Inspections
The aircraft maintenance program (see also chapter 10.4) is structured in respect
to flight hours, cycles and time controlled maintenance tasks. One or more of these
parameters can be applied for tasks assgined to aircraft, engines and compo-
nents.
The aircraft checks are divided into:
Line maintenance checks including:
Pre-flight inspection
Daily check
Weekly check
A-check
Base maintenance checks including:
C-checks
IV-checks (Intermediate visits)
Heavy maintenance visits (HMV)
D-checks
Note: Different manufacturers may use different designators for checks

and inspections.

Master Minimum Equipment List, Minimum Equipment The master minimum equipment list (MMEL) is approved by the certification au-
thority and issued as the basis for the preparation and authorisation of the individ-
List, Configuration Deviation List ual operator's minimum equipment list (MEL) for each aircraft type.
Master Minimum Equipment List/MMEL, Minimum Equipement List/MEL and Con- Where a change to the type certificate has an effect upon the MMEL, the type cer-
figuration Deviation List/CDL are documents issued by the type certificate holder tificate holder shall apply for approval of the necessary changes to the MMEL.
and based on that by the operator to perform commerical flight operations even
when some systems, components or other requirements do not function or corre-
spond with the defined standard of functionallity.
These lists define the requirements in which limitations such operations may be
performed. They define the required system function, operational limitations and
rectifications intervals.
Master Minimum Equipment List

(Ref. JAR-MMEL/MEL and JAR-OPS 1.030)
The Master Minimum Equipment List/MMEL is a master list (including a preamble)
appropriate to an aircraft type which determines those instruments, items of equip-
ment or functions that, while maintaining the level of safety intended in the appli-
cable JAR, may temporarily be inoperative either due to the inherent redundancy
of the design, and/or due to specified operational and maintenance procedures,
conditions and limitations, and in accordance with the applicable procedures for
continued airworthiness.
All items related to the airworthiness of the aircraft and not included in the list are
automatically required to be operative.
Non-safety-related equipment, such as galley equipment, passenger convenience
items, need not be listed.
The authority will only accept an application for MMEL approval from the type cer-
tificate holder.
Operational and maintenance procedures are necessary to support certain MMEL
items. These procedures shall be identified to the authority during the approval
process, however, the procedures themselves will not be subject to approval.
These procedures shall be referenced in the MMEL and published concurrently
with the MMEL as a guide for operators.
The procedures shall be appropriately amended, as and when the MMEL is re-
vised.

Figure 1: Example of a Master Minimum Equipment List/MMEL

Minimum Equipment List/MEL and The operator is responsible for establishing an effective rectification program that
Configuration Deviation List /CDL includes tracking of the inoperativ items and coordinating parts, personnel, facili-
ties and procedures necessary to ensure timely rectification.
The MEL is a list (including a preamble) which provides for the operation of aircraft,
under specified conditions, with particular instruments, items of equipment or func- Dispatch of the aircraft is not allowed after expiry of the rectification interval and
tions inoperative at the commencement of flight. This list is prepared by the oper- possible extension specified in the MEL.
ator for his own particular aircraft taking account of their aircraft definition and the Under certain specified conditions and circumstances operators may be granted
relevant operational and maintenance conditions in accordance with a procedure approval by the authority to introduce and implement special procedures for oper-
approved by the authority. ations outside the condition of the MEL. The special procedures will in no circum-
An operator shall establish, for each aircraft, a Minimum Equipment List/MEL ap- stances be used to permit flights outside the constraints of the relevant MMEL.
proved by the authority. The MEL shall be based upon, but no less restrictive than, Any operator-specific MEL is based on the manufacturers MMEL and must be ap-
the relevant Master Minimum Equipment List/MMEL. proved by the EASA competent authority.
All items related to the airworthiness of the aircraft and not included in the list are The MEL shall include all restrictions (manufacturer and engineering) shown in the
automatically required to be operative. Configuration Deviation List/CDL
Non-safety related items such as galley equipment, passenger convenience
items, need not be listed. Operators shall establish an effective decision making Table 1: Definitions in respect to the MMEL/MEL
process for failures that are not listed to determine if they are related to airworthi-
m Means that a maintenance action, according to the aircraft deviation pro-
ness and required for safe operation.
cedure manual (MPM), is required when operating with item inoperative
The MEL may contain additional advisory material or modified operational and
maintenance procedures. o Means that the specific operation procedure AOM 2.03.90 must be
accomplished by the flight crew
The MEL may include additional operators requirements, however they may not
be less stringent than the MMEL. * The inoperative equipment, system or function must be visible by a plac-
Operators shall take operational and maintenance procedures referenced in the ard in the cockpit
MMEL into account when preparing an MEL.
A No standard interval is specified, however, items in this category shall
These procedures shall be referenced in the MEL and published concurrently with be rectified in accordance with the conditions stated in the MEL.
the MEL as a guide for operators.
Where a time period is specified it shall start at 00:01 on the calendar
The procedures shall be appropriately amended, as and when the MMEL is re- day following the day of discovery.
vised.
B Items in this category shall be rectified within 3 days consecutive cal-
Items deferred in accordance with the MEL must be repaired prior to the time re- endar days, excluding the day of discovery.
quired by the MEL category. MEL categories are identified by the letters A, B, C
and D requiring rectification intervals mentioned in the table below. C Items in this category shall be rectified within 10 days consecutive
The operator may permit a one time extension of the applicable rectification inter- calendar days, excluding the day of discovery.
val of the MEL categories B, C and D for the same duration as that specified in the
MMEL. A description of specific duties and the responsibilities for controlling ex- D Items in this category shall be rectified within 120 days consecutive
tensions is established by the operator and the authority is notified within ten days calendar days, excluding the day of discovery.
of any extension authorised.

Figure 2: Example of Minimum Equipment List/MEL

Airworthiness Directives
Airworthiness Directives/AD (Lufttchtigkeitsanweisung/LTA, Consigne de Navi-
gabilit/CN, Prescrizione di Aeronavigabilit/PA) consist of particular airworthi-
ness requirements which are mandatory for specific aircraft, engines and
components. The ADs may be issued either by the civil aviation authority of the
manufacturers state or by the national authority of the registered aircraft.
The authority of the aircraft certification manufacturer state is obliged to transmit
to FOCA any mandatory airworthiness information. Among such information is-
sued in form of an AD, FOCA upon receipt is issuing the standard Swiss Airwor-
thiness Directive/AD. These ADs are then distributed to the appropriate operators,
aircraft owners and PART-145 AMO within Switzerland.
As no country has legal power in another country each authority concerned will
have to integrate a foreign AD into their own legal system.
Usually, the manufacturer has issued a Service Bulletin/SB or Alert Service Bulle-
tin/ASB prior to an AD, which will be referenced to be accomplished in accordance
with the AD.
The ADs, respectively the Swiss equivalent, are classified as mandatory and
must be treated as follows:
Contents and compliance dates of any AD are compulsory
ADs are approved manufacturers data
The operator is ultimately responsible for the compliance with the ADs affect-
ing his aircraft
Completion of ADs has to be entered and attested in the maintenance records
Exemptions and deviations of the contents and compliance of an AD may only
be granted by that authority, where the aircraft is registered. For HB-regis-
tered aircraft the respective authority is the FOCA.
The FOCA keeps records of all ADs that have been issued. This information is in-
tended to be an aid in determining which ADs are applicable to a particular aircraft.
When the US Federal Aviation Administration/FAA is issuing an AD under normal
circumstances and with enough time available for implementation a so called No-
tice of Proposed Rulemaking/NPRM will be published in advance. This gives time
to the involved organisations to send in comments to the FAA. Eventually the AD
is then changed and issued in the final version.

Figure 3: Example of an FAA Airworthiness Directive/AD (1 of 2) Figure 4: Example of an FAA Airworthiness Directive/AD (2 of 2)

Figure 5: Example of a DGAC Airworthiness Directive/AD

Figure 6: Example of a FOCA Airworthiness Directive/AD (1 of 2) Figure 7: Example of a FOCA Airworthiness Directive/AD (2 of 2)
( HB 2002-535 )
Bundesamt fr Zivilluftfahrt (BAZL) FOCA AD

Lufttchtigkeitsanweisung (LTA)
Office fdral de laviation civile (OFAC) Consigne de Navigabilit (CN)
Ufficio federale dellaviazione civile (UFAC)
Federal Office for Civil Aviation (FOCA)
Prescrizione di Aeronavigabilit (PA)
Airworthiness Directive (AD)
HB 2002-535 BRAZILIAN AIRWORTHINESS
Maulbeerstasse 9 CH-3003 Berne Switzerland
Inkraftsetzung DIRECTIVE
Mise en vigueur
*02 September 2002 EMERGENCY
Entrata in vigore
Effective Date
(EMERGENCY)
SERVIO PBLICO FEDERAL
EFFECTIVE DATE: EAD No.:
DEPARTAMENTO DE AVIAO CIVIL
28 August 2002 2002-08-01
Betroffene Muster - Types concerns - Applicabilit - Models affected
The following Emergency Airworthiness Directive (EAD), issued by the Departamento de Aviao Civil (DAC)
EMBRAER. in accordance with provisions of Chapter IV, Title III of Cdigo Brasileiro de Aeronutica - Law No. 7,565
Certain Model EMB-145ER/EU/EP/MP/MK and EMB-135ER/LR aircraft. dated 19 December 1986 - and Regulamento Brasileiro de Homologao Aeronutica (RBHA) 39, applies to all
Applicability as indicated in the AD, issued by Departamento de Aviao Civil (DAC) Brazil. aircraft registered in the Registro Aeronutico Brasileiro. No person may operate an aircraft to which this EAD
applies, unless it has previously complied with the requirements established herein.
EAD No. 2002-08-01 - EMBRAER - Amendment 39-957.

APPLICABILITY: This Emergency Airworthiness Directive is applicable to
Anlass / Massnahmen - Objet / Mesures - Oggetto / Provvedimenti - Subject / Action
EMB-145ER/EU/EP/MP/MK and EMB-135ER/LR aircraft models in operation equipped with
MAIN LANDING GEAR TRAILING ARM CARDAN Inspection. main landing gear struts P/N 2309-2002-501, 2309-2002-502, 2309-2002-503, 2309-2002-504,
Replacement. 2309-2002-505 or 2309-2002-506, except for those bearing the suffix E, added after the
application of the Service Bulletin Embraer No. 145-32-0035, original issue, or further revisions
approved by the CTA.
CANCELLATION / REVISION:Not applicable.
Fristen - Dlais - Scadenza - Compliance (Required as indicated, unless already accomplished)
REASON: It has been found the occurrence of cracks on the main landing gear trailing
* Emergency FOCA AD HB 2002-535, issued 02 September 2002 becomes effective upon receipt. arm cardan during sampling program inspections. Since this condition may occur in other airplanes
Compliance as per DAC AD. of the same type and affects flight safety, an immediate corrective action is required. Thus,
sufficient reason exists to request compliance with this EAD in the indicated time limit without
prior notice.
REQUIRED ACTION:Inspection and replacement of the main landing gear trailing arm cardan.
Herkunft - Provenance - Provenienza - Origin COMPLIANCE: Required as indicated below, unless already accomplished:
DAC AD 2002-08-01. EMERGENCY AD. PART I: Within 07 days after the effective date of this EAD inspect the main landing gear trailing
arm cardan, P/N 2309-2041-001, for cracks. If any crack is found replace before next flight the
component with another one bearing a P/N 2309-2041-401 or P/N 2309-2041-003.
PART II:Within 60 days dias or 500 operating hours after the effective date of this EAD replace all
main landing gear trailing arm cardan, P/N 2309-2041-001, for another one bearing a
Bezugnahme - Rfrence - Riferimento - Reference
P/N 2309-2041-401 or P/N 2309-2041-003.
Manufacturers documentation as referenced in the DAC AD. The detailed instructions and procedures to accomplish this EAD are described in the
Embraer Service Bulletin No. 145-32-A080 Rev.1, or further revisions approved by the CTA.
Record compliance with this EAD in the applicable maintenance log book.
CONTACT: For additional information, please contact CTA-IFI-FDH, P.O. Box 6001, 12231-970 -
So Jos dos Campos-SP, Brazil, telephone: 55 (12) 3913-6069, fax: 55 (12) 3941-4766, E-mail: pds@ifi.cta.br.
Bemerkungen - Observations - Osservazioni - Remarks APPROVAL: Original in Portuguese language available in the files of the Registro Geral
de Aeronavegabilidade (RGA/TE-1/STE) of the Departamento de Aviao Civil. Signed by:
This Airworthiness Directive:
CLUDIO PASSOS SIMO - Maj.-Eng.
Has been sent electronically and as an advanced copy on 02 September 2002 to:
1. all holders of Swiss registered EMBRAER EMB-145 and EMB-135 airplanes. Chefe da Diviso de Homologao Aeronutica
2. all JAR-145 FOCA approved maintenance organizations with rating A1 (EMB-145). IFI/CTA
JOS CARLOS ARGOLO - Cel.-Av.

Diretor do Instituto de Fomento e Coordenao Industrial
Rechtsmittelbelehrung Siehe TM Nr. Seite von CTA
Voies de droit voir CT no. Page de
Rimedi giuridici vedi CT no. 02.020-80 Pagina 1 di 2 Form FDH-900-05B
Right to appeal see CT no. Page of
-2-

Service Bulletins, Manufacturers Service Information

All aircraft and aircraft parts must be maintained according to approved documents
and programs.
Despite this fact, there are always incidents, damages, malfunctions and defects.
To inform and prevent these items to happen again the operators and PART-145
Approved Maintenance Organsiations/AMO will be informed by the manufacturer.
This will normally be done in form of Service Letters/SL, Service Bulletins/SB or
Alert Service Bulletins/ASB and other relevant documents as necessary.
SLs, SBs and ASBs will be selected and evaluated for modification by the respon-
sible aircraft operator and/or the PART-145 AMO.
A Service Bulletin or Alert Service Bulletin is generally established with an equal
standard and contains the following information:
Transmittal or cover sheet if additional information may be necessary with the
bulletin
Planning information
Compliance
Approval
References
Publication affected
Material information
Accomplishment instruction
Appendices as required

Figure 8: Example of an Alert Service Bulletin/ASB (1 of 6) Figure 9: Example of an Alert Service Bulletin/ASB (2 of 6)



Figure 14: Example of a Service Bulletin Figure 15: Example of a Service Letter

Figure 16: Example of a Service Instruction

Modifications and Repairs Minor changes:

Minor changes of a type certificate or a supplemental type certificate may be clas-
PART-21 Subpart D/E/J sified and approved either:
Modification and repairs must always be accomplished in accordance with ap- Directly by the authority
proved maintenance data to ensure that the aircraft or aircraft component can be by an appropriately approved design organisation, through the use of proce-
maintained in a condition such that the airworthiness of the aircraft, the engines dures that have been agreed with the authoriy
and the aircraft components is assured.
Modifications and repairs as defined in the approved maintenance data of the
manufacturer may be accomplished as shown in the respective data without fur- Major changes:
ther approvals.
An applicant for approval of a major change must:
Approved maintenance data means (examples): Submit to the authority substantiating data together with any necessary de-
Aircraft maintenance manual scriptive data for inclusion in the type design
Structure repair manual Show that the changed product complies with applicable requirements, as
Component maintenance manual specified in PART-21A.101
Engine manual Declare that he has shown compliance with applicable requirements and must
Wiring diagram provide to the authority the basis on which such a declaration is made
Non-destructive testing manual Comply with PART-21A.33 and, where applicable, PART-21A.35
Service Bulletin Approval of a major change in a type design is limited to that (those) specific con-
Alert Service Bulletin figuration in the type design upon which the change is made.
Airworthiness Directive
Modifications and repairs not included in the approved data may not be performed
without the required approval from the responsible authority.
An organisation wishing to design its modifications and repairs must be approved
in accordance with PART-21 - Aircraft Certification and define all the relevant pol-
icies and procedures in a design organisation handbook.
Activities allowed by a design organisation includes the design of minor and major
modifications, repairs to products, parts and applieances as defined in the scope
of work of the design organisation handbook.
Modifications and repairs are treated the same as changes to the relevant type
certificate or supplement type certificate and must be approved according PART-
21 subpart D and PART-21 subpart E respectively.
After each maintenance action performed on aircraft, engine and component a
Certificate of Release to Service/CRS in accordance with PART-145A.50 must be
issued and signed by an appropriately authorised certifying staff.

Maintenance Documentation Figure 17: Maintenance documentation overview
This documentation includes all registered instructions held as approved data,

which must be available at the PART-145 AMO. The PART-145 AMO must assure
that all requirements defined in the maintenance documentation can be fulfiled MOE Maintenance Organisation Exposition
during the maintenance work.
AMM Aircraft Maintenance Manual
Maintenance documentation can be in the form of manuals, microfiches, micro-
films, CD-rom or other computer based data. SID Supplemental Inspection Document
Maintenance documentation is build up on the standardised ATA 100 code, which
WM/ Wiring (Diagram) Manual
is prescribed in PART-66 Modul 7.
WDM
Compliance with the maintenance documentation is established through the inde-
pendant quality system by auditing the processes as defined in PART-145A.65. AIPC Aircraft Illustrated Parts Catalogue
SRM Structure Repair Manual

Maintenance documentation overview CMM Component Maintenance Manual
The documentation used normally by the operator and the PART-145 AMO main-
tenance are as follows: EM Engine Manual
Figure 17: Maintenance documentation overview NDTM Non-destructive Test Manual
MME Maintenance Management Exposition
AFM Aircraft Flight Manual Aircraft Maintenance Manuals (AMM)

RFM Rotorcraft Flight Manual The Maintenance Manual contains the information necessary to enable the me-
chanics to service, functionally check and repair all systems and equipment in-
EMPM ETOPS Maintenance Procedure Manual stalled in the aircraft. It includes information necessary for the mechanic to perform
maintenance practices or make minor repairs to any unit in the aircraft normally
MP Maintenance Program requiring such action during line or base maintenance. It covers the configuration
of the aircraft as delivered to the customer.
MEL Minimum Equipment List
The Maintenance Manual does not contain information relative to work normally
performed on units or assemblies away from the aircraft.
AD Airworthiness Directive
ASB / SB Alert Service Bulletin / Service Bulletin Structural Repair Manual (SRM)
The SRM shall contain descriptive information for identification and repair of the
SL Service Letter aircraft's primary and secondary structure. The manual shall serve as a medium

for advising operators of repair procedures developed by the manufacturer or by Continuing Airworthiness
operators.
To assure continued airworthiness of the aircraft the PART-145 AMO must remain
in compliance with the requirements of:
Aircraft Illustrated Parts Catalogue (AIPC)
PART-66
The Illustrated Parts Catalog is intended for use in the identification and requisition PART-145
of replaceable aircraft parts and units. The AIPC is a companion document to the
Aircraft Maintenance Manual and shall contain all parts information for which main- PART-147 (as applicable)
tenance practices coverage has been provided. PART-21 (as applicable)
Maintenance Management Exposition of the operator
The contract with the operator (as applicable)
Component Maintenance Manual (CMM) In addition the reliability program as applicable serves to optimise the maintenance
Procedures contained within a component maintenance manual are intended for program and will assure continued airworthiness for aircraft, engine and compo-
work on the applicable components in a workshop environment. The manual shall nents. The reliability program provides:
contain sufficient detail for the return of the component to a serviceable condition. A system for monitoring airframe, airplane systems, engines and components
performance, integrity and maintenance quality
A maintenance control for administrating adjustements in time limitations for
Engine Manual (EM) airplane restorations, maintenance checks, systems, engines and compo-
nents
The Engine Manual / CIR (Cleaning-Inspection-Repair) Manual Specification is to
A management information system to report experiences and corrective ac-
provide technical data requirements for information needed to maintain the engine tion within ther PART-145 AMO and to the customer
and the maximum potential number of parts that could remain with the engine
when it is removed from the aircraft. Additionally, the data file shall include cover- A system to assure that corrective action has been taken.
age for those interrelated parts (e.g. thrust reverser, cowling, mounts, electrical
looms, etc.) that while remaining with the aircraft when the QEC unit (Quick Engine
Change unit) is dropped, can be removed for maintenance purposes at the time Test Flights
the engine is removed.
Flight tests are performed to ascertain the airworthiness of the aircraft and/or its
The EM / CIR Manual is a double-document set, which may be offered by manu- systems.
facturers as an alternate to the single-document Engine Manual.
A flight test may mandatorily be requested by FOCA.
The term CIR Manual and EM are also applicable to the Airborne Auxiliary Power
Before any test flight it must be positively assured throughout investigations, in-
Plants (engines).
spections, corrective work or ground testing, as applicable tht any complained con-
dition and/or function has been as far as possible corrected.
All flight tests are established in accordance with the applicable Aircraft Flight
Wiring (Diagram) Manual (WM/WDM) Manual/AFM and the production flight test manual provided by the aircraft manu-
The Wiring Manual is provided to illustrate all aircraft, engine, and component facturer.
electrical/electronic circuits. The wiring and schematic diagrams, lists, and location Flight tests are performed under the authority of the operator by a special qualified
charts shall sufficiently describe the circuits to enable fault isolation and servicing crew based on flight test criteria established under the responsibility of the opera-
of electrical systems during maintenance. tor.

A full flight test may be necessary after major maintenance work (Intermediate vis- The ETOPS requires special attention for the maintenance work to be performed
it, heavy maintenance visit/D-Check) or after any important work following an inci- on aircraft operating under these rules. Certain maintenance task may not be per-
dent or accident. formed during the same ground time on ETOPS related systems. In addition if
A reduced flight test may be required on special request of either: same tasks need to be performed it has to be assured that not the same person
performs the same task on equal aircraft systems or components.
Request of the PART-145 AMO
Request of the operator If the requirements as specified above may not be guaranteed, a verification flight
has to be performed. A verification flight is planned as a non-ETOPS flight. If all
A reduced flight test may be requested: aircraft system work properly after the takeoff and for the prescribed time in cruise,
After corrective maintenance actions or modifications on important items that flight may than be continued under ETOPS rules.
which may affect the flight characteristic, the performance of the aircraft or
The maintenance work affected by ETOPS rules are defined in the ETOPS man-
flight environments such as airspeed, mach number, altitude, temperature, ual.
operational loads or elastic deformation which can not be forecasted by
ground checks and/or measurements. Maintenance work which is defined as ETOPS related must be marked on the
To detect the origin of any technical trouble provided airworthiness and safety work paper as such.
are not impaired. The ETOPS manual is approved by the responsible authority and contains the def-
A certificate of release to service must be provided before a test flight. initions, guidance and special procedures to support the intended operation.
A copy of the flight test report must be kept by the PART-145 AMO. Figure 18:
There are two operational criteria: 60 MIN to 120 MIN

ETOPS - Extended Range Twin Operation
120 MIN to 180 MIN
Ref.: JAR OPS 1.245/1.246
Extended Range Twin Operation/ETOPS is defined as an operation available for The maintenance and reliability program needs to be supplemented in considera-
two-engines aircraft conducted over a route that contains a point further than ap- tion of the special requirements of ETOPS.
proved threshold time at the approved one-engine out cruise speed (under stand-
ard conditions) from an adequate airport.
The operators ETOPS flights are conducted in accordance with the aircraft manu- All Weather Operation Requirements
facturers approved standards for ETOPS. These standards present aircraft design
configuration, maintenance tasks, crew procedures and dispatch limitations for Ref.: JAR-OPS 1, Subpart E
ETOPS.
The ETOPS requirements are integrated into the relevant manuals which include
the: Low visibility operations - minimum equipment - JAR-OPS 1.460
Aircraft maintenance manual An operator must include in the operations manual the minimum equipment that
Aircraft flight manual has to be serviceable at the commencement of a low visibility takeoff or a category
II or III approach in accordance with the aircraft flight manual or other approved
Minimum equipment list
document.
Route manual
The commander shall satisfy himself that the status of the aircraft and of the rele-
ETOPS manual
vant airborne systems is appropriate for the specific operation to be conducted.

Pre-flight inspection procedures include the verification of the aircraft technical log
for Cat. 2 and Cat. 3 procedures.
The MEL clearly states the Cat. 2 and Cat. 3 requirements and idicates a down-
graded aircraft.
In-flight, the crew utilize the checklist for minimum equipment required for landing
capacity to make them aware of the degradation of the Cat. 2 resp. Cat. 3 capab-
lility.
The maintenance programs contain the necessary tasks required to ensure con-
tinued compliance with the approval for automatic approach and automatic landing
according to Cat. 2 and Cat. 3 minimas.
Flight crews report all performed Cat. 2 and Cat. 3 approaches and landings in the
aircraft technical log. If an approach is unsuccessful, the reason for the unsuccess-
ful landing has to be reported.
All Weather Category 2

An aircraft with a basic airworthiness approval for IFR operations is eligible to per-
form ILS precision approaches down to a decision height of 60 m (200 ft), assum-
ing that the necessary ILS receiver(s) and instruments and their installation have
been approved.
All Weather Category 3

The purpose of this sub-section 3 is to specify the supplementary airworthiness cri-
teria for aircrafts to perform ILS precision approaches with decision heights below
30 m (100 ft) or with no decision height.
Consequently, in order to achieve the desired success rate and to preserve the
safety level, it is considered necessary that the aircraft be fitted with an automatic
landing system. Use of such a system also ensures that the aircraft is within the
obstacle-free zone specified in ICAO Annex 14 during approach and any go-
around so that there is no need to take obstacle clearance into account in deter-
mining the decision height. This is chosen to give an acceptably low probability of
touching the ground during go-around.
The minimum RVR provides visibility at and below the decision height so that, if
either the automatic landing system or the ILS fails when the aircraft is below the
decision height, the pilot can carry out a manual landing with an acceptable safety
level.

Swiss National Requirements Knowledge on materials and standards

General knowledge on aircraft
Licence for Maintenance Personnel - VUP/ODEA 748.127.2 Knowledge on aircraft components and systems in the field of activity
The types of licences defined in the VUP/ODEA for certifiying staff is applicable for Use of maintenance data
aircraft below 5700 kg, component maintenance and special tasks. The FOCA is- Working and inspection procedures including administrative work
sues for these subjects the following licences: English knowledge as required for the use of maintenance data
Aircraft mechanic (M-licence) The FOCA decides in each individual case whether the activity in a manufac-
equivalent to ICAO Type II licence turing organisation can be counted towards the required practical experience.
Aircraft inspector (C-licence) The holder of a M-licence is authorised to:
equivalent to ICAO Type I licence independently carry out, supervise and certify line maintenance, minor modi-
Specialised expert or personal authorisation (S-licence) fications and repairs, replacement of engines and/or components on the air-
equivalent to ICAO Type I licence craft specified in his licence.
carry out major maintenance work under the direct supervision of an aircraft
The FOCA may recognise in part or entirely foreign licences and authorisations,
inspector
or examinations abroad, as a basis for a Swiss licence, insofar as they correspond
at least to the Swiss requirement level. taxi an aircraft, provided he has been instructed accordingly. While doing so
he may communicate by radiotelephone with the relevant ATC controller pro-
The holder of a licence has to ensure that he is always up to date on regulations vided he has received instruction ti the procedures to be observed in radio-
and requirements, and that regular refresher training is received. phone communication and provided he is familiar with the terms customarily
All Swiss licences are valid for 5 years. On request they will be renewed for a fur- used when taxiing.
ther 5 years if the holder shows proof that the privileges have been exercised at independently carry out and certify major maintenance work on aircraft spec-
least 1 year within the last 2 years. ified in his licence if individually granted authorisation by the FOCA to do so.
The FOCA my order the revocation of a licence or the restriction of the scope of a A person applying for a FOCA Aircraft Inspector Licence (C-licence) shall fulfill the
licence. following prerequisites:
A person applying for a FOCA Aircraft Mechanic Licence (M-licence) shall fulfill the He shall have been holder of the M-licence for at least the past 3 years and
following prerequisites: shall have worked in this environment for at least the past 2 years
The applicant shall be at least 21 years old He shall pass the qualification test which includes:
The applicant shall have completed an apprenticeship or equivalent training Legislation on aircraft maintenance
in a profession expedient to the practice of the profession of an aircraft me- Use of maintenance data for base maintenance
chanic Inspection procedures for insuring the airworthiness
The applicant shall furnish documentary proof that he worked in the field of Conduct of ground runs and their recording
aircraft maintenance for a period of three years, of which two years in the rel-
Administrative work, especially the writing of tlight test reports and their
evant field of activity, or that he attended a course recognized by the FOCA
evaluation, the management of the technical data, the writing of work re-
and that he worked for a period of two years in the field of aircraft maintenance
ports, the calculation of aircraft mass and center of gravity, the update of
in the relevant field of activity; in both cases the last practical professional ac-
equipment lists, aircraft flight manual and maintenance data
tivities carried out by the applicant shall be no longer than twelve months past
English knowledge as required for the use of maintenance data
The applicant shall pass the qualification test which includes:
Legislation on aircraft maintenance The holder of a C-licence is authorised to:

The activities of the holder of an M-licence Maintenance Records - VLL/ONAE 748.215.1

The execution, supervision and certification of major maintenance work in- For each aircraft, as well as engines and propellers and aircraft components,
cluding base maintenance, major modifications and repairs as listed in the C- maintenance records have to be kept. They contain in chronologial order all tech-
licence. nical events regarding the respective aircraft or part.
A person applying for a FOCA Specialised Expert Licence or Personal Authorisa- All maintenance performed including inspections, repairs, overhauls, exchange of
tion (S-licence) shall fulfill the following prerequisites: parts must be entered with date, landings, hours or cycles as required.
The applicant shall be at least 21 years old
After each maintenance work and before the aircraft goes into operation a certifi-
The applicant shall have completed an apprenticeship or equivalent training cate of release to service in accordance with PART-145.A.50, JAR-145.50 or the
in a profession suitable to the practice of the profession of a specialised expert VUP has to be issued.
The applicant shall furnish documentary proof that he worked for 2 years in
The layout of the maintenance records is more or less free. For smaller aircraft the
his special field in the maintenance of aircraft or aircraft components, of which
at least one year in the special field applied for; the last period of practical FOCA-issued folder can be used as required. For most aircraft the manufacturer
work shall be no longer than twelve months past issued books are however used. In addition to the normal technical documents
Switzerland is also using component cards.
The applicant shall pass the qualification test, or he shall present a personal
authorisation issued by a professional organisation recognised by the FOCA. All pages, documents and work reports must be marked properly for easy identifi-
He shall pass the qualification test which includes: cation and allocation to a particular aircraft, engine, propeller or component.
Legislation on aircraft and aircraft component maintenance The following pages show the FOCA-issued folder.
Use of maintenance data
Airworthiness requirements in the field of activity
Knowledge on materials and standards as well as on aircraft components
and systems in the field of activity
Working and inspection procedures including administrative work
English knowledge as required for the use of maintenance data
The holder of a S-licence or a Personal Authorisation is authorised to:
The execution, supervision and certification of inspection, modification, repair
or overhaul aircraft parts in accordance to his ratings (minor and major main-
tenance).
FOCA Approval for Maintenance Organisations

In Switzerland all maintenance organisations must comply with PART-145 or JAR-
145 as applicable even if they are only performing maintenance on aircraft below
5700 kg MTOM, components and/or special tasks.

Bundesamt fr Zivilluftfahrt Kennzeichen

Office fderal de laviation civile Immatriculation HB-
Federal Office for Civil Aviation Registration Marks
ZELLE
CELLULE
AIRFRAME
Hersteller
Constructeur
Manufacturer
Baumuster
Type
Type
Serie-Nr
No de srie
Serial No.
Baujahr
Anne de construction
Year of construction
Bundesamt fr Zivilluftfahrt
Office fdral de laviation civile
Federal Office for civil Aviation
Dieses Buch wurde ausgestellt am durch
Ce livret a t tabli le 18.11.02 par
This logbook was etablished on by
i.A/p.o
Reihenfolge der Unterlagen Ordre de classement Content
- Unterhaltsnachweis - Historique de lentretien - Maintenance Record

- Nachweis der LTA - Liste des consignes de navigabilit - Record of ADs
- Verzeichnis der Herstelleranweisungen - Liste des consignes de constructeur - Record of manufacturers directives
- Komponentenkarten - Fiches matricules - Component Records
- Arbeits und Prfberichte - Rapports de travail et dexamen - Work and inspection records
BAZL 5201 dfe

Unterhaltsnachweis Historique de lentretien
Federal Office for Civil Aviation Maintenance Record
Baumuster Serie- Nr
Type No de srie
Type Serial No
Datum Betriebsstunden * Ausgefhrte Arbeiten und Unterhaltsbescheinigungen

Date Heures de service Travaux effectus et attestations dentretien
Time in service Maintenance actions and releases
TSN TSO
* TSN: Time since new / Heures de service totales/ Gesamtbetriebszeit

TSO: Time since overhaul / Heures depuis rvision / Betriebszeit seit berholung
BAZL 5202 dfe

Bundesamt fr Zivilluftfahrt Seite

Federal Office for Civil Aviation Page
Verzeichnis der Lufttchtigkeitsanweisungen

Liste des consignes de navigabilit
Record of Airworthiness Directives
Baumuster Serie-Nr-
Type No de srie
Type Serial-Nr
HB - LTA Nr. Ursprngliche Herstelleranweisung Ausgefhrt excutes - accomplished

CN HB no. Anweisung Consigne du Nchste Flligkeit Gegenstand, Art der Durchfhrung
am Durch par by
HB AD no Consigne originale constructeur Prochaine cheance Objet, mthode dexcution
le (Unterschrift Signature)
Original Directive Manufacturers Doc Next Compliance Subject, method of compliance
date
BAZL 52081 dfe

Bundesamt fr Zivilluftfahrt Seite

Federal Office for Civil Aviation Page
Verzeichnis der ausgefhrten Herstelleranweisungen (ohne LTA)

Liste des consignes de constructeurs appliques (CdN exeptes) (SB,SI,SL,KIT...etc)
Record of Compliance with Manufacturers Directives (Exept ADs)
Baumuster Serie-Nr-
Type No de srie
Type Serial-Nr
Herstelleranweisung Ausgefhrt excutes - accomplished

Consigne du Flligkeitsinterwall Gegenstand, Art der Durchfhrung
am Durch par by
constructeur Echance ritere Objet, mthode dexcution
le (Unterschrift Signature)
Manufacturers Doc Compliance interval Subject, method of compliance
date
BAZL 52082 dfe

Bundesamt fr Zivilluftfahrt Seite Bundesamt fr Zivilluftfahrt (BAZL) Seite/Page 1

Office fdral de laviation civile Page Office fdral de laviation civile (OFAC
Ufficio federale dellaviazione civile (UFAC
Federal Office for Civil Aviation Uffizi federal da laviaziun civila (UFAC)
Federal Office for Civil Aviation (FOCA
Verzeichnis der gltigen Komponentenkarten

Sommaire des fiches matricules valables
Komponentenkarte Fiche matricule Component Record
Summary of valid Component Records
Baumuster Serie-Nr. Bezeichnung Hersteller

Dsignation Constructeur
Type No de srie Description Manufacturer
Type Serial-Nr
Modell Teil-Nummer Serie-Nr.
Teil Hersteller Baumuster Serie-Nr. Bemerkungen Modle No de pice No de srie
lment Constructeur Type No de srie Remarques Model Part number Serial No.
Part Manufacturer Serial No Remarks
Baujahr Laufzeit
Anne de construction Potentiel max.
Year of construction Time between O/H
Einzelteile Composants - Subparts Serie-Nr. No de srie Serial No.
Lufttchtigkeitsanweisungen Consignes de navigabilit Airworthiness Directives

HB - LTA Nr. Ursprngliche Anweisung Gegenstand, Art der Durchfhrung ausgefhrt excutes - accomplished
CN - HB no. Conigne originale Objet, mthode dexecution
HB - AD No. Original Directive Subject, methode of compliance Datum - Date Unterschrift - Signature
Herstelleranweisungen Consignes du constructeur Manufacturers Directives (SB, SL,SI, KIT ...)

SB ausgefhrt excutes - accomplished SB Ausgefhrt excutes - accomplished
SL No. SL No.
SI Datum - Date Unterschrift - Signature SI Datum - Date Unterschrift - Signature
Unterhaltsnachweis siehe Rckseite Historique de lentretien voir au verso Maintenance Record see back of page
BAZL 52091 dfe

BAZL 5209 dfe




Office fdral de laviation civile Einbauort Utilisation successives Location
Datum Motor Engine Luftfahrzeug Aircraft Bemerkungen

Date Moteur Aronef Observations
TSN TSO HB- Pos. TSN
MOTOR I
MOTEUR R
ENGINE I
R
Hersteller
Constructeur I
Manufacturer R
Baumuster I
Type R
Type
I
Serie-Nr R
No de srie
I
Serial No.
R
Baujahr
I
Anne de construction
Year of construction R
I
Bundesamt fr Zivilluftfahrt R
Ce livret a t tabli le 15/11/02 par
This logbook was established on by i.A/p.o
TSN: Gesamtbetriebszeit Heures de service totales Time since new

Reihenfolge der Unterlagen Ordre de classement Content TSO: Betriebszeit seit berholung Heures de service depuis rvision Time since overhaul
I: Einbau Installation Installation
- Unterhaltsnachweis - Historique dentretien - Maintenance Record
R: Ausbau Dpose Removal
- Verzeichnis der Herstelleranweisungen - Liste des consignes de constructeur - Record of manufacturers directives
BAZL 5203 dfe

Office fdral de laviation civile Einbauort Utilisation successives Location
Datum Propeller Luftfahrzeug Aircraft Bemerkungen
Date Hlice Aronef Observations
TSN TSO HB Pos. TSN

PROPELLER I
HELICE R
Hersteller I
Constructeur R
Manufacturer
I
Baumuster R
Type
I
Type
R
Serie-Nr
I
No de srie
Serial No. R
I
Baujahr
Anne de construction R
Year of construction I
I
Fr Verstellpropeller / Pour hlices pas variable / For variable-pitch propellers:
R
Einzelteile Composants Subparts S/N
I
Nabe/Moyeu/Hub
R
Blatt/Pale/Blade 1
I
Blatt/Pale/Blade 2
R
Blatt/Pale/Blade 3
I
Blatt/Pale/Blade 4 R
Blatt/Pale/Blade 5 I
Blatt/Pale/Blade 6 R
Bundesamt fr Zivillufttahrt R
Ce livret a t tabli le 15/11/02 par
This logbook was etablished on by
i.A/p.o
TSN: Gesamtbetriebszeit Heures de service totales Time since new
Reihenfolge der Unterlagen Ordre de classement Contents TSO: Betriebszeit seit berholung Heures de service depuis rvision Time since overhaul
I: Einbau Installation Installation
- Unterhaltsnachweis - Historique de lentretien - Maintenance Record R: Ausbau Dpose Removal
- Verzeichnis der Herstelleranweisungen - Liste des consignes deconstructeur - Record of manufacturers directives
BAZL 5205 dfe

Bundesamt fr Zivilluftfahrt Kennzeichen

Office fdral de laviation civile Immatriculation HB-
Federal Office for Civil Aviation Registration Marks
BORDAUSRSTUNG
QUIPEMENT DE BORD
EQUIPMENT
Instrumente, Elektrische Anlage, Avionik
Instruments, systme lectrique, avionique
Instruments, Electrical System, Avionics
Ce livret a t tabli le 18.11.02 par
This logbook was established on by i.A/p.o
Reihenfolge der Unterlagen Ordre de classement Content
- Unterhaltsnachweis - Historique de lentretien - Maintenance Record

- Arbeits- und Prfberichte - Rapports de travail et dexamen - Work and Inspection Records
BAZL 5216 dfe



Work Reports Maintaining Airworthiness

A work report has to be issued after: All maintenance performed according Swiss rules and regulations is devided into
Major maintenance (repairs, overhaul, alterations) minor and major work. A further division is made into:
Engine and/or propeller changes Checks/inspections
If entering only the major items in the records, and referring to the work report for Repairs
the rest, a copy of the report has to be added for the technical records. It can only Exchange of parts or components
be removed when superseded by a similar or higher work report. Modifications
In the case of major maintenance and engine/propeller change, two copies of the Overhaul
work report have to be sent to FOCA. This at the same time defines the requested licence for an approved maintenance
release.
Besides licenced personnel and approved maintenance organisations, mainte-
Airworthiness Categories - VLL/ONAE 748.215.1 nance may also be performed and certified by the following:
In Switzerland, each aircraft is certificated in one of the two main categories: Operators/owners of designated light aircraft
Standard means if it complies with a full set of airworthiness requirements. It Designated individuals in the case of historic aircraft
can be devided into the following subcategories: Organisations (parachutes, paragliders and hanggliders)
Normal
Utility
Acrobatic Swiss Legal Requirements for Maintenance
Transport The operator of an aircraft is responsible for proper and timely maintenance.
Special means if it is for any reason not in compliance with a full set of require- Preparatory and service work as defined by Technical Communication 02.020-35
ments (prototypes, homebuilts, antique aircraft). The following subcategories is not considered maintenance and does not require a release to service.
are possible:
Restricted Time limits as prescribed or recommended by the manufacturer have to be ob-
served. For certain aircraft or operation modes, there are exemption possibilities.
Experimental In addition, for Switzerland only, we have special tolerances for engine and pro-
Antique peller Time-Between-Overhaul/TBO (see the respective Technical Communica-
Limited tion).
Operation of Aircraft - VLL/ONAE 748.215.1 Handling and Recording of ADs - VLL/ONAE 748.215.1
In Switzerland two different forms of aircraft operations are known: In Switzerland AD-listings are periodically published and distributed. There are
Commercial operation three main lists:
Non-commercial or in private operation By aircraft or engine type
Commercialy operated aircraft will have to comply with a stronger set of rules in By numerical sequence per year
respect to operation and maintenance. For parts and components

All actions according AD, as ordered by FOCA, have to be recorded and attested Figure 19: List of Airworthiness Directives Summary Page
in the technical records. For this purpose, FOCA has issued a special form.
On this form, all ADs released for this particular aircraft type must be entered. If
they are not applicable for the aircraft, they are marked as such. This way the next Page
person handling that aircraft is informed already and knows that nothing has been Liste der Lufttchtigkeitsanweisungen nach Typen geordnet
Liste des Consignes de Navigabilit classes par types
A
forgotten. BAZL Schweiz FOCA Switzerland

Lista delle Prescrizioni di Aeronavigabilit classificate secondo i tipi
List of Airworthiness Directives in sequence by types
UFAC Svizzera OFAC Suisse
Issue Date: 31.08.2002
Index
Section Page
General Information ........................................................................................... B

Notice to Aircraft Holders / Operators ..................................... C
Reference List ............................................................................................................. D
Abbreviations ............................................................................................................... E
Balloons & Airships ........................................................................................... 01 - 02
Airplanes ............................................................................................................................. 03 - 83A
Helicopters ....................................................................................................................... 84 - 103
Turbojet Engines ..................................................................................................... 104 - 111
Piston Engines ........................................................................................................... 112 - 121
Powered Gliders ...................................................................................................... 122 - 125
Propellers ........................................................................................................................... 126 - 132A
Gliders .................................................................................................................................... 133 - 140
Turbine Engines ....................................................................................................... 141 - 145A
Parts / Appliances ................................................................................................. 146 - 150
Anschrift Mailing address
BUNDESAMT FR ZIVILLUFTFAHRT FEDERAL OFFICE FOR CIVIL AVIATION

Musterzulassung (MZ) Type Certification (MZ)
Lufttchtigkeitsanweisungen (LTA) Airworthiness Directives (AD)
Maulbeerstrasse 9 Maulbeerstrasse 9
CH-3003 Bern CH-3003 Berne
FAX: ++41 (0) 31 322 59 18 FAX: ++41 (0) 31 322 59 18

Figure 20: Airworthiness Directives Information (1 of 2) Figure 21: Airworthiness Directives Information (2 of 2)
Page Page
Information B Information C
Wichtige Mitteilung: Mitteilung an die Luftfahrzeug-Halter:

Die nachstehende Liste erfasst Lufttchtigkeitsanweisungen (LTA), die ab 1. Januar 1983 bis zum auf Sehr geehrte Damen und Herren,
Seite A vermerkten Ausgabedatum verffentlicht wurden. Bercksichtigt wurden dabei jene Baumu-
ster, je whrend dieses Zeitraumes im Schweizerischen Luftfahrzeugregister eingetragen waren. Die Die Halter eines Luftfahrzeuges werden durch das BAZL mit den sie betreffenden Lufttchtigkeitsanwei-
Liste ist ein Hilfsmittel und dient zur bersichtlichen Darstellung der fr ein Baumuster in Frage kom- sungen (LTA) fr Zelle, Triebwerk und Propeller beliefert (exklusive Zubehr).
menden Lufttchtigkeitsanweisungen. Verbindlich sind die Angaben der einzelnen Lufttchtigkeitsan- Wir ersuchen Sie, anhand der nachstehenden Auflistung zu prfen, ob Sie alle notwendigen LTA erhal-
deutsch
deutsch weisungen. ten haben und die darin geforderten Massnahmen fristgerecht durchgefhrt wurden.
Da es dem Bundesamt nur teilweise bekannt ist, mit welchen Zubehrteilen Ihr Luftfahrzeug ausgerstet
Die bis zum 31. Dezember 1982 erschienenen Lufttchtigkeitsanweisungen wurden nach einem an- ist, mchten wir Sie besonders auf die im Abschnitt "Zubehr" aufgefhrten LTA hinweisen, die Ihnen
deren System verffentlicht und sind in dieser Liste nicht enthalten. Diese nach altem System ver- aus erwhnten Grnden nicht zugestellt werden konnten.
ffentlichten Lufttchtigkeitsanweisungen sind jedoch immer noch rechtsgltig und anwendbar, sofern Wir bitten Sie, allfllige Fragen in diesem Zusammenhang direkt mit Ihrem Unterhaltsbetrieb abzuklren.
sie nicht inzwischen durch Anweisungen nach neuem System ersetzt worden sind. Einzelne LTA-Exemplare, die fr das Zubehr verffentlicht wurden, knnen beim BAZL unter der auf
Lufttchtigkeitsanweisungen der vergangenen Jahre sind in Microfiche-/CD-Form verfgbar und kn- Seite A angegebenen Adresse bestellt werden.
nen schriftlich bei der auf Seite A angegebenen Adresse bestellt werden. Es knnen nur schriftliche Bestellungen bercksichtigt werden.
Important Notice: Notice to Aircraft Holders / Operators:

The following list is a summary of Airworthiness Directives (AD) which have been issued between 1 Ladies and Gentlemen,
January 1983 and the issue date of this summary (page A). It takes into account those aircraft mod-
The FOCA distributes, to all registered aircraft owners, those airworthiness directives which are applica-
els which have been entered on the Swiss registry during this period. This list is intended to be an aid
ble to their airframe, engine and propeller models (with the exception of appliances).
in determining which AD's are applicable to a particular model. Applicabilities as stated in the individual
We suggest that you check the enclosed summary to determine if all AD's applicable to your aircraft
english Airworthiness Directives have precedence.
english have been received, and complied with as required.
Airworthiness Directives which were issued prior to 31 December 1982 were distributed under a dif- As the FOCA can be only partially aware of which equipment is installed on a particular aircraft, we sug-
ferent system and are not included in this list. They are, however, still valid and applicable, unless gest that you pay particular attention to the AD's listed in the "Appliance" section, as these AD's are not
they have been superseded in the meantime. normally distributed to aircraft owners, as stated above. Please direct any questions you may have re-
The airworthiness directives of previous years are available in microfiche/CD form, and can be or- garding appliance AD's to an aircraft maintenance firm.
dered in writing at the address shown on page A. Individual copies of airworthiness directives issued for appliances may be ordered through the FOCA at
the address shown on page A. Only written orders will be accepted.
Communication importante:
Communication aux exploitants d'aronefs:
La liste ci-aprs reprend les consignes de navigabilit (CN) qui ont t publies entre le 1er janvier
1983 et la date figurant la page A du prsent recueil. Elle tient compte des types d'aronefs inscrits Mesdames et Messieurs,
durant cette priode au registre matricule suisse des aronefs. La liste donne un aperu des consignes L'exploitant d'un aronef reoit de l'OFAC les consignes de navigabilit (CN) qui ont trait la cellule, au
de navigabilit applicables un type dtermin. Nous rappelons que seules les donnes figurant dans propulseur et l'hlice de son aronef (sans les accessoires).
franais chaque consigne de navigabilit ont force obligatoire. Nous vous prions de vrifier, selon la liste ci-jointe, que les CN ncessaires vous soient bien parvenues
Les consignes de navigabilit publies avant le 31 dcembre 1982 selon l'ancienne formule ne et, que les mesures prescrites aient t excutes dans les dlais impartis.
figurent pas dans la liste. Elles conservent toutefois leur validit; elles sont applicables pour autant Etant donn que l'OFAC ne tient pas jour un registre de tous les accessoires quipant votre aronef,
franais
qu'elles n'aient pas t remplaces dans l'intervalle par des consignes dites selon le nouveau nous attirons votre attention sur les CN mentionnes au paragraphe "accessoires"; ces dernires, pour
systme. la raison susmentionne, ne sont pas distribues.
Nous vous saurions gr de vous adresser directement votre entreprise d'entretien pour tout
Les consignes de navigabilit des annes prcdentes sont disponibles sur microfiches/CD et
renseignement complmentaire.
peuvent tre commandes, par crit seulement, l'adresse indique la page A.
Vous avez en outre la possibilit de commander l'OFAC des exemplaires de CN publies au sujet des
accessoires (adresse selon page A).
Seules les commandes crites seront acceptes.
Comunicazione importante:
La lista seguente riprende le prescrizioni di aeronavigabillit (PA) che sono state pubblicate tra il 1
gennaio 1983 e la data che figura alla pagina A della presente raccolta. Essa tiene conto dei tipi di Comunicazione agli esercenti di aeromobili:
aeromobili intavolati durante questo periodo nella matricola svizzera degli aeromobili. La lista fornisce
Signore e Signori,
un cenno delle prescrizioni di aeronavigabilit applicabili a un determinato tipo. Ricordiamo che
italiano unicamente i dati che figurano in ogni prescrizioni di aeronavigabilit hanno forza obbligatoria. L'esercente di un aeromobile riceve dall'UFAC le prescrizioni di aeronavigabilit (PA) che si riferiscono
Le prescrizioni di aeronavigabilit pubblicate prima del 31 dicembre 1982 secondo la formula alla cellula, al propulsore e all'elica del proprio aeromobile (senza gli accessori).
precedente non figurano pi nella lista. Conservano tuttavia la loro validit; restano comunque Vi preghiamo di verificare sulla base della lista allegata che le PA necessarie vi siano pervenute e che
applicabili fintanto che non siano state sostituite nel frattempo da prescrizioni pubblicate secondo il soprattutto le misure prescritte siano state eseguite nei termini richiesti.
nuovo sistema. Dato che l'UFAC non al corrente di tutti gli accessori che equipaggiano il vostro aeromobile, vi
rimandiamo al riguardo alle PA menzionate al paragrafo "accessori" nel caso in cui non vi fossero state
Si pu ottenere le prescrizioni di aeronavigabilit dell'anno scorso su microscheda/CD. Per favore italiano
fornite.
vogliate effettuare le vostre ordinazioni scritte indicate alla pagina A. Vi saremmo estremamente grati se poteste rivolgervi direttamente alla vostra impresa di manutenzione
per ulteriori ragguagli in merito.
Avete inoltre la possibilit di ordinare all'UFAC esemplari di PA pubblicate al riguardo degli accessori
(indirizzo, vedi pagina A).
Saranno accettate unicamente le ordinazioni scritte.

Figure 22: Airworthiness Directives Reference List Figure 23: Airworthiness Directives Abbreviations
Page Page
Reference List D Abbreviations E
Bedingt durch Firmenzusammenschlsse, Umbenennungen und bergabe der Musterverantwortung

an andere Betriebe knnen die auf den Lufttchtigkeitsanweisungen (LTA) angegebenen Herstellerbe- Abbreviations used in this documents are:
zeichnungen von denjenigen dieser Zusammenfassung abweichen. Die nachstehende Liste dient als
bersicht und soll Ihnen das Auffinden eines bestimmten Produkts erleichtern.
Sie erhebt keinen Anspruch auf Vollstndigkeit. Wir bitten Sie, nderungs- oder Ergnzungswnsche
AD 4 Airworthiness Directive
an die auf der Vorderseite angegebene Adresse zu richten.
COR 4 Correction
Due to the frequent changes of corporate responsibility, the manufacturers name used in an airworthi- PL 4 Priority Letter AD
ness directive (AD) may be different than the names used in the AD-summary. The following list is in-
tended as an aid in cross-referencing manufacturers. It may not be considered comprehensive. Addi- R1 4 Revision one
tions or corrections should be notified to the address on the cover page. SB 4 Service Bulletin
s/s 4 Superseded
Aircraft Manufacturer 4 listed under:
T 4 Telegraphic AD
Akrotech Europe................................................ CAP Aviation............................................................ 4
TM Technische Mitteilung
Beech Aircraft Corporation................................ Raytheon Aircraft Corp. ...........................................
Bombardier Inc. ................................................ Canadair Group (Bombardier).................................. TX 4 Telex Message
CAARP- Avions- Mudry et Cie.......................... CAP Aviation............................................................
CASA................................................................ Construcciones Aeronauticas SA.............................
Cessna............................................................. Cessna (USA)..........................................................
Cessna (France)............................................... Reims Aviation.........................................................
Dassault............................................................ Marcel Dassault-Breguet Aviation............................ Notes: - Beginning with the year 2000, FOCA-ADs will have a 4-digit year designation.
Robin................................................................. S.A. Avions Pierre Robin.......................................... - Designation of AD - Revisions changed from RA, RB, RC, to R1, R2, R3, ....
Jodel (D 117).................................................... Alpavia.....................................................................
Jodel................................................................. Centre-Est Aronautique CEA.................................
Jodel................................................................. Socit Aronautique Normande.............................
Jodel................................................................. Socit Wassmer Aviation....................................... Authorities
The New Piper Aircraft, Inc. ............................. Piper Aircraft Inc. .....................................................
Twin Commander Aircraft Corp. Commander Div,; GA Aerospace.............................
ACG 4 Austro Control GmbH Austria
Engine Manufacturer 4 listed under: CAA 4 Civil Aviation Authority United Kingdom
Allied Signal Inc. .............................................. Garrett Engine Comp. ............................................. CAA CZ 4 Civil Aviation Authority Czech Republic
Honeywell International Inc. ............................. Textron Lycoming. ..................................................
Pratt & Whitney (turboprop/shaft & small jets).. Pratt & Whitney Canada Inc. ................................... CAA NL 4 Civil Aviation Authority Netherlands Netherlands
(from 1 July 2001)
Pratt & Whitney (large jet engines)................... United Techn. P&W Aircraft Gr. ..............................
Porsche............................................................. Dr. Ing. F. Porsche................................................... CAAI 4 Civil Aviation Administration State of Israel
Rotax................................................................. Bombardier-Rotax GmbH........................................ CASA 4 Civil Aviation Safety Authority Australia
Lycoming........................................................... Textron Lycoming.................................................... DGAC 4 Direction Gnrale de lAviation Civile France
Continental........................................................ Teledyne Continental Motors...................................
Allison Engine Company................................... Rolls-Royce Corporation.......................................... DAC 4 Departamento de Aviao Civil Brazil
ENAC 4 Ente Nazionale per lAviazione Civile Italy

Appliances 4 listed under: (from February/March 2000)
Bendix (Magnetos)............................................ Teledyne Continental Motors (TCM)........................ RAI 4 Registro Aeronautico Italiano Italy
C&D.................................................................. Janero Devices........................................................ FAA 4 Ferderal Aviation Administration USA
Facet Aerospace Products............................... Precision Airmotive Corporation.............................. IAC 4 Interstate Aviation Comittee Russia
FL Aerospace................................................... JanAero Devices......................................................
Janitrol.............................................................. JanAero Devices...................................................... JCAB 4 Japan Civil Aviation Bureau Japan
Marvel-Schebler............................................... Precision Airmotive Corporation.............................. LBA 4 Luftfahrt-Bundesamt Germany
Midland-Ross Corp. ......................................... JanAero Devices...................................................... Rijksluchtvaardienst
RLD 4 Netherlands
Dep. of Civil Aviation of the Netherlands
SAD 4 Swedish Airworthiness Directive Sweden

Issued by: Luftfartsverket Sweden
TCA 4 Transport Canada Civil Aviation Canada
July 2001

Figure 24: Airworthiness Directives Listing by Number

Figure 25: Airworthiness Directives Listing by Aircraft Type

Airplane respectively Rotorcraft Flight Manual The registration markings consisting of a group of three letters for aircraft, hel-
icopters and balloons ". For gliders and powered gliders markings consist of
The Airplane Flight Manual/AFM or Rotorcraft Flight Manual/RFM is an official a group of at most four numbers.
document of which several sections are part of the certification process. It must at
all time be up to date and kept on the aircraft. Identification marking as defined:
All aircraft, with the exception of gliders, shall be equipped with an
Foreign AFM / RFM will be achnowledged by FOCA with a cover sheet.
identification marking
AFM/RFM are usually standardised and contain the following sections: The identification marking shall consist of a material with a melting
Section 0: Cover sheet, list of effective pages, contents point in excess of 1300C
Section 1: General, description, certification basis The identification marking shall be at least 10 cm long and 3 cm wide
Section 2: Limitations, placards, instrument marking and shall bear the complete aircraft registration. The letters shall be
Section 3: Emergency procedures engraved to a depth of 1 mm and shall be at least 15 mm hight.
Section 4: Normal procedures, pre-flight, runup The identification marking shall be clearly visible and shall be in-
stalled in the vicinity of the entrance or in the back on a strong part
Section 5: Performance
of the aircraft; on balloons the identification marking shall be at-
Section 6: Weight and balance, equipment list tached to the basket.
Section 7: System description
Section 8: Maintenance
Section 9: Supplements Alterations on Aircraft and Aircraft Parts
Alterations are a means to improve the performance of an aircraft or aircraft parts
Note: An AFM / RFM is always valid for only one aircraft registration. or to remove shortcomings or flaws in the original design.
To respect the original certification standard all alterations will have to be carried
out to the same regulations and requirements.
Aircraft Registration Markings
With the ever increasing number of aircraft it became early in the aviation history
Categories of alterations:
necessary to install some kind of register. At first, Switzerland used the letters CH- 1. Type Certificate / Supplemental Type Certificate Change
and a number. Starting around 1946, the ICAO introduced a new system and Swit- This is a major alteration and must be approved by the FOCA. It is required if
zerland was assigned the letters HB- as already used by the International Radio a series of aircrat will be affected by the intended changes. If the applicant is
Union/ITU. the holder of the respective type certificate, that document will be amended
accordingly. In all other cases a supplemental type certificate will be issued in
Each aircraft, helicopter, sailplane, manned balloon and airship must be registered the name of the applicant.
in the national authoritys aircraft register and has his own aircraft registration
number (for example HB-XXX). The area of installation can be different from au- 2. Major Modification
thority to authority and from aircraft type to aircraft type. As the name says, this is also a major operation, but only for one single appli-
cation. It also has to be approved by FOCA.
The aircraft in Switzerland must be equipped with1: Note: This form of alteration can not be used for JAA certified aircraft.
The national marking "HB"- and the insignia of the Swiss Confederation 3. Minor Modification
(Swiss Cross) or the coat of arms of the principality of Lichtenstein. This type of modification needs no approval by FOCA. The decision however
if it is a "Minor" modification remains with FOCA or a PART-21/JAR-21 ap-
1.
Verordnung ber die Kennzeichnung der Luftfahrtzeuge VKZ 748.216.1 proved design organisation/DOA.

Approval Figure 26: Notice of Modification (1 of 2)

All types of alterations/modifications have to be notified to FOCA before the start
of the work with FORM 208.015, except in the following cases:
Bundesamt fr Zivilluftfahrt (BAZL)
1. If the work is performed according to a FOCA issued STC. In this case the Federal Office for Civil Aviation (FOCA)
completion only has to be reported by the work report. Office fdral de laviation civile (OFAC)
Ufficio federale dellaviazione civile (UFAC)
2. For a minor modification, if a DOA has classified the work as minor. Here
Notice of Modification
also a work report is required after completion. Aircraft:
Note: If a foreign issued STC will be used, notification with FORM 208.015 A/C Registration Marks Make - Model Series S/N PAX Seats MTOM
has to be made to secure acceptance of the foreign STC in Switzerland.
.
Sign-off Applicant:
For all work, a certificate of release to service by the holder of an appropriate li- Name/ Company:
cence or authorisation has to be issued. Address:
Phone: Fax: e-Mail:
Certification Basis:
JAA certified YES / NO JAA Catch-up YES / NO
Basis: FAR JAR CAR other:
Title of Planned Modification:
Detailed description has to be submitted on the back or on separate document

This description has to state in which areas the modification has an influence, which
airworthiness requirements will be met and by which means compliance will be shown.
(Ref TM- W/CT- I F 02.020-60)
Classification Proposal by Applicant: Accepted by FOCA as:
Minor Modification
Installation of a foreign STC NR:
Major Modification
Application for a Swiss STC Date:
Application for a JAA STC Sign:
Category: 1 or 2 ? ___
Date: Signature of Applicant:
FOCA USE
Registration under MOD . . - . . . - . .
assigned to:
FORM 208.015e/gec/13.Apr. 2000 page 1 of 2

Figure 27: Notice of Modification (2 of 2) Figure 28: Major Modification Approval
Notice of Modification (Page 2)
Detailed Description of Modification planned: SWISS CONFEDERATION FEDERAL OFFICE FOR CIVIL AVIATION
Major Modification Approval
HB-
Technical Influence: S/N

Limitations Operational / Maintenance Procedure
Structural Integrity Material Specification
Performance Manufacturing Procedure
Powerplant Category of approval
Systems Other The above mentioned Aircraft has been modified in accordance with Chapter 8 of the
Cabin Safety / Pax Safety Swiss VLL; SR 748.215.1 as described per Workorder/ Workreport Nr. during
the time from until by .
Documents Affected: This Modification is approved as follows:
Type Certificate Data Sheet Modification Reference: FOCA MOD - -

Flight Manual ( AFM/RFM)
Flight Manual Supplement (AFMS/RFMS) Description:
Maintenance Data
Other Documentation Certification Basis:
Associated FOCA approved documents:

Applicable Airworthiness Requirements:
This approval and associated data shall remain valid until surrendered, withdrawn or
otherwise terminated.
Swiss Federal Office for Civil Aviation

Process Type Certification
Compliance shown:
Certification Compliance Sheets

Certification Program Date, 15/11/02
Drawings
Calculations
Test
FORM 208.015e/gec/27.Apr. 2000 page 2 of 2 FORM 208.337/gec/25.Apr. 2000

Figure 29: Letter of Acceptance Ferry Flight - VLL/ONAE 748.215.1

An aircraft may loose his status of airworthiness for quite a number of reasons. Un-
fortunately that happens very often in places where the necessary maintenance
Bundesamt fr Zivilluftfahrt (BAZL)
Office fdral de l'aviation civile (OFAC)
can not be performed.
Ufficio federale dell'aviazione civile (UFAC)
Federal Office for Civil Aviation (FOCA) In order to get the aircraft to the homebase or any other location, where the repair
can be accomplished, the following steps have to be taken:
1. A so called "Risk Assessment Statement" from a competent person is
Your reference needed. This person can be a C-licence holder, a person accepted by FOCA
Your communication
Register for this purpose or an internal organisation of an operater.
Our reference
Direct dialling 2. On the basis of this statement will FOCA then stipulate the conditions and
Direct fax
E-Mail
issue a ferry flight permit.
3003, Berne
3. Only now, after receipt of the ferry flight permit, can the ferry flight take
place.
Letter of Acceptance
Note:Restrictions for overflying foreign countries have to be observed
(see also Technical Communication on ferry flights).
This is to confirm that the Supplemental Type certificate identified below has been ac-
cepted in Switzerland
Foreign STC Holder :

STC Number :
Subjet :
Description :
Airplane Make affected :
Effectivity :
Limitations :
Remarks :
The validity of this letter of acceptance expires when the Supplemental Type Certificate
approval or the proof of airworthiness ceases to exist.
Swiss Federal Office for Civil Aviation

Type Certification Process
b.o.
FORM 208.043/gec/02.Jun 2000

Training Manual
Abbreviations
A CRS Certificate of Release to Service
AC Advisory Circular (USA) C of A Certificate of Airworthiness
ACJ Advisory Circular - Joint (JAA)
D
AD Airworthiness Directive
DETEC Federal Department of Environment, Transport, Energy and
AEA Association of European Airlines Communication (CH)
AFM Aircraft Flight Manual DGAC Direction Gnral de lAviation (France)
AIPC Aircraft Illustrated Parts Cataloge DOA Design Organisation Approval
AMC Acceptable Means of Compliance DOH Design Organisation Handbook
AML Aircraft Maintenance Licence
E
AMM Aircraft Maintenance Manual
EASA European Aviation Safety Agency
AMO Approved Maintenance Organisation
ECAC European Civil Aviation Conference
AOC Air Operator Certificate
EFTA European Free Trade Association
AOG Aircraft On Ground
EM Engine Manual
APU Auxiliary Power Unit
EMPM ETOPS Maintenance Procedure Manual
ASB Alert Service Bulletin
EU European Union
ATA Air Transport Association (USA)
ETOPS Extended Range Twin Operation
B ETSO European Technical Standard Order
BASA Bilateral Aviation Safety Agreement
F
BAZL Bundesamt fr Zivilluftfahrt (CH)
FAA Federal Aviation Administration (USA)
C FAR Federal Aviation Regulations (USA)
CAA Civil Aviation Authority (England) FOCA Federal Office for Civil Aviation (CH)
CAB Civil Aeronautics Board (USA)
H
CDL Configuration Deviation List
HMV Heavy Maintenance Visit
CFR Code of Federal Regulations (USA)
CMM Component Maintenance Manual I
CN Consigne de Navigabilit (CH, F) IATA International Air Transport Association

Copyright by SR Technics Switzerland For training purposes only Cat: A B1 B2 10.Abbreviations - 1
Training Manual
ICAO International Civil Aviation Organization NPA Notice of proposed Amendment (JAA)
IEM Interpretative/Explanatory Material NPRM Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (USA)
ILS Instrument Landing System NTSB National Transport Safety Board (USA)
IPC Illustrated Parts Catalogue
O
J OFAC Office fdral de laviation civile (CH)
JAA Joint Aviation Authorities
P
JAAC Joint Aviation Authorites Committee (JAA)
PA Prescrizione di Aeronavigabilit (CH)
JAR Joint Aviation Requirement (JAA)
P/N Part Number
JTSO Joint Technical Standard Order (JAA)
POA Production Organisation Approval
L POE Production Organisation Exposition
LBA Luftfahrt Bundesamt (Germany)
R
LRU Line Replaceable Unit
RFM Rotorcraft Flight Manual
LTA Lufttchtigkeitsanweisung (CH, D)
RVR Runway Visual Range
M RVSM Reduced Vertical Separation Minimum
MAST Maintenance Standardisation Team
S
MEL Minimum Equipment List
SAFA Safety Assessment of Foreign Aircraft
MIP Maintenance Implementation Procedure
SASA Safety Assessment of Swiss-registered Aircraft
MIST Maintenance International Standardisation Team
SB Service Bulletin
MME Maintenance Management Exposition
SI Service Information
MMEL Master Minimum Equipment List
SL Service Letter
MOE Maintenance Organisation Exposition
SRM Structural Repair Manual
MP Maintenance Programm
STC Supplemental Type Certificate
MRB Maintenance Review Board
MSAS Maintenance System Approval Statement T
MTOM Maximum Take Off Mass TBO Time Between Overhaul
TC Type Certificate
N TCCA Transport Canada Civil Aviation
NAA National Aviation Authorities TGL Temporary Guidance Leaflet
NDT Non Destructive Testing TSO Technical Standard Order

Training Manual
U
UFAC Ufficio federale dellaviazione (CH)
UVEK Departement fr Umwelt / Verkehr / Energie und Kommunikation (CH)
W
WDM Wiring Diagram Manual
WM Wiring Manual

Training Manual


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Basic Maintenance Module 10 Aviation Regulation

Training Manual Contents

10.1 Regulatory Framework General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

Jan05/TEF/THTT Corresponding with EASA Part-66

Maintenance Records - JAR-OPS 1.920 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Subpart D Maintenance Standards. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

Jan05/TEF/THTT Corresponding with EASA Part-66

Jan05/TEF/THTT Corresponding with EASA Part-66

Jan05/TEF/THTT Corresponding with EASA Part-66

10.1 Regulatory Framework

International Operator Organisations

Jan05 / TEF-THTT Corresponding with EASA Part-66

Role of International Civil Aviation Organisation

Annex 1 Personal Licensing

Annex 6 Aircraft Operation

Annex 7 Aircraft Nationality and Registration Marks

Annex 8 Airworthiness of Aircraft

Annex 10 Aeronautical Telecommunications

Annex 13 Aircraft Accident and Incident Investigation

Annex 16 Environmental Protection

Annex 18 The Safe Transport of Dangerous Goods by Air

Jan05 / TEF-THTT Corresponding with EASA Part-66

Jan05 / TEF-THTT Corresponding with EASA Part-66

Is it correct that if an aircraft is certified in a EU country, it will be

Jan05 / TEF-THTT Corresponding with EASA Part-66

Figure 1: Organisational Chart

European Aviation Safety Agency

Safety Analysis &

Flight St andards Organisations Technical Tr aining Legal Service

Products Safety ICT

Last update: 20 September 2004

Jan05 / TEF-THTT Corresponding with EASA Part-66

Jan05 / TEF-THTT Corresponding with EASA Part-66

Jan05 / TEF-THTT Corresponding with EASA Part-66

Jan05 / TEF-THTT Corresponding with EASA Part-66

6. The Agency shall make an evaluation of the implication of the provisions of

Jan05 / TEF-THTT Corresponding with EASA Part-66

Figure 2: EASA Regulation

Basic Regulation (EC) Amended by:

Implementing Rules Implementing Rules

Part 145 - Maintenance Organisation

Part 66 - Certifying staff

Part 147 -Training organisation

Jan05 / TEF-THTT Corresponding with EASA Part-66

Figure 3: EASA Implementing Rules/Certification Specifications

Maintaining the given Certification Standard

Maintaining aircraft based on

Certification Operation Maintenance

Jan05 / TEF-THTT Corresponding with EASA Part-66

Overview Regulation and Corresponding Documents

Jan05 / TEF-THTT Corresponding with EASA Part-66

EASA Member States Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Other European Countries

Jan05 / TEF-THTT Corresponding with EASA Part-66

Relationship with other Aviation Authorities Other Aviation Authorities

Jan05 / TEF-THTT Corresponding with EASA Part-66

Relationship between Approved Maintenance

Jan05 / TEF-THTT Corresponding with EASA Part-66

Swiss Civil Aviation Organisation

Federal Office for Civil Aviation

Definition: - Overview of the operation and maintenance activities

Jan05 / TEF-THTT Corresponding with EASA Part-66

Responsibilities and Organisation of the FOCA

Jan05 / TEF-THTT Corresponding with EASA Part-66