B737NG/34/307

DME

Boeing 737-600/700/800/900

Distance Measuring
Equipmnet System
Training manual
page 1
For training purposes only 01 - 12 - 2009
LEVEL 3
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Training manual DME

This publication was created by Sabena technics training department,

Brussels-Belgium, following ATA 104 specifications.

The information in this publication is furnished for informational and training

use only, and is subject to change without notice.

Sabena technics training assumes no responsibility for any errors or

inaccuracies that may appear in this publication.

No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system,

or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical,
photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission
of Sabena technics training.

Contact address for

course registrations
course schedule information

Sabena technics training

trainingservices@sabenatechnics.com

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Table of Contents.
1. General..................................................................................................6

2. Component Location.........................................................................8

3. DME System Interface.....................................................................10

3.1. ARINC 429 Interface.............................................................................10
3.2. Analog and Discrete Interface...............................................................10
3.3. DME Interrogator Functional Description...............................................12

4. System Detailed Description.........................................................13

4.1. DME Interrogator..................................................................................13
4.2. DME Antenna.......................................................................................14
4.3. DME Navigation Control Panel..............................................................14
4.4. DME Controls.......................................................................................16
4.5. DME Indications....................................................................................16

5. Front Panel BITE................................................................................18

6. DME Self Test......................................................................................20

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List of Illustrations. Abbreviations and Acronyms

DME Antenna...................................................................................................................... 14 APP approach
DME Component Location (sheet 1).................................................................................. 8 ARINC Aeronautical Radio, Inc.
DME Component Location (sheet 2).................................................................................. 9
DME Control Panel............................................................................................................ 15 ATC air traffic control
DME Controls..................................................................................................................... 17 BITE built-in test equipment
DME Front Panel BITE Indications.................................................................................... 19 CAPT captain
DME Interface Diagram.................................................................................................... 11 CDU control display unit
DME Interrogator.............................................................................................................. 13
DME Sel Test Displays......................................................................................................... 21 CIRC circulator
DME System Block Diagram............................................................................................... 7 DEU display electronics unit
DME distance measurement equipment
EFIS electronic flight instrument system
F/O first officer
FCC flight control computer
FDAU flight data acquisition unit
FMC flight management computer
FMCS flight management computer system
FWD forward
GRD ground
ILS instrument Landing system
MAINT maintenance
MKR marker beacon
ND navigation display
PFD primary flight display
REU remote electronics unit
RF radio frequency
R/T receive/transmit
TCAS traffic alert and collision avoidance system
VHF very high frequency
XFR transfer
XMTR transmitter
XPNDR transponder

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1. General.

The distance measuring equipment (DME) system supplies slant range (line of The DME interrogator receives the station audio identifiers and sends them to
sight) distance measurement between the airplane and the ground station. the remote electronics unit (REU).
The DME system supplies station audio and identifier signals to the interphone
speakers and headsets.

The DME system has two DME interrogators and two antennas.

The DME interrogator transmits a signal to the DME ground stations.

The ground stations send a reply signal back to the interrogator.
The interrogator measures the time between the transmit signal and the reply
signal and calculates the distance to the station.

The interrogators get manual tune inputs and flight management comuputer
system (FMCS) autotune inputs from the navigation control panel. If the NAV
control panel tune inputs fail, the interrogators get autotune inputs directly
from the FMC.

The DME system sends data to the display electronics units to show on the
primary flight displays (PFDs) and navigation displays (NDs).

The DME system sends data to these units :

- Flight control computers (FCC),

- Flight management computer (FMC),
- Flight data acquisition unit (FDAU).

The DME system sends and receives a suppression pulse between these units :

- DME,
- ATC s,
- TCAS.

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DME System Block Diagram

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2. Component Location.

These are the components in the flight compartment that have an interface These components are on the exterior of the airplane :
with the DME system :
- DME 1 antenna,
- FMC source select switch, - DME 2 antenna.
- Left inboard and outboard display units,
- Left and right EFIS control panels,
- Right inboard and outboard display units,
- Captains and first officers NAV control panel,
- Captains and first officers audio control panel.

These components are in the electronics equipment compartment :

- DME 1 interrogator,
- DME 2 interrogator.

DME Component Location (sheet 1)

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DME Component Location (sheet 2)

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3. DME System Interface.
3.1. ARINC 429 Interface.
Navigation Control Panel.
Each DME interrogator receives 115 Vac from the DME circuit breakers.
The navigation control panels supply a manual tune frequency input to the
DME interrogator. They also send four auto tune frequency inputs from the
Flight Management Computer (FMC).
The control panels send tune and test data on two output data buses.
One output data bus goes to the MMR receiver and one output data bus goes
to both the DME interrogator and VOR receiver.
DME Outputs.
Each DME interrogator has two output buses. Output bus 1 supplies data to
the flight control computers (FCC). DME 1 sends data to FCC A and DME 2
sends data to FCC B.
Output bus 2 supplies data to these units :
- Display electronics units 1 and 2,
- Flight data acquisition unit (FDAU),
- Flight management computer (FMC).
Flight Management Computer.
The FMC supplies auto tune commands through the navigation control panel
to the DME interrogator. If the navigation control panel has a failure,
the DME gets auto tune signals directly from the FMC.
The FMC gets slant range distance to a tuned DME station.
The FMC calculates the aircrafts position with this data.
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3.2. Analog and Discrete Interface.
DME Antenna Interface.
The DME antennas transmit and receive DME signals. The antennas transmit
signals to the ground stations. They then receive the reply signals from the
DME ground station and send them to the interrogator.
Source Select Discrete.
The source select discrete controls the ARINC 429 receive ports in the DME
interrogator. With the source select open, the DME interrogator gets manual
and auto tune commands from the navigation control panel. If the navigation
control panel has a failure, the source select discrete goes to ground. The DME
then gets auto tune signals directly from the FMC.
PSEU.
The proximity switch electronics unit (PSEU), supplies an air/ground discrete
input to the DME interrogators to set flight Legs. The air/ground discrete also
goes to the navigation control panels to inhibit test commands in the air.
Default Scan Inhibit Discrete.
The default scan inhibit discrete locks the DME interrogator so it can not make
a scan of all the DME frequencies. It tunes to five channels controlled by the
navigation control panel and the flight management computer.
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POWER +12 VDC

SUPPLY
+ 5 VDC
115 VAC
STBY BUS SUPPRESSION
RECEIVER
ATC 1
DME LOW
ANT 1 PASS SYNTHESIZER
FILTER SUPPRESSION

TRANSMITTER ATC 2
+12 VDC
TFR SUPPRESSION
+ 5 VDC
MODULATION
DATA
FREQ TCAS COMPUTER
POWER TEST
LOG VIDEO
SUPPLY TO FCC A ADDR
115 VAC FROM INSTR VIDEO
STBY BUS SW MOD PROCESSOR DME AUDIO DME 1 DIST
RD -
ACTIVE STANDBY SUPPRESSION
WR -
REU DFDAU
CS -
AUDIO
DEFAULT SCAN
INHIBIT
FREQ FREQ FREQ ARINC 429
XFR OUTPUT 1 DME 1 DIST DME 1 DIST
TO VOR/MB 1
TEST SW 1
FROM FCC A FREQ LOCK FCC A DEU 1
ARINC 429 IN
PORT A
TO ANT SWITCH 28 VDC ILS
TEST SW 2
PROCESSOR
GND ILS ARINC 429
TO DEU 1 & 2 DME 1 DIST
OUTPUT 2
ARINC 429 IN
PORT B
TEST DEU 2
DISPLAY
DME TEST INHIBIT FREQ A/B SRC SEL
TO MMR 1
AIR/GND
DME 1 DIST

DME INTERROGATOR 1
AUTO TUNE FREQ
ACTIVE STANDBY CTRL BOTH ON 1
DISPLAY DISPLAY PNL NORMAL
MONITOR FMC 1
FAIL
GND
DME 1 DIST

FLT
AUTO TUNE FREQ

BOTH ON 2
PSEU FMC 2
NAV CONTROL PANEL CAPT
FMCS TRANSFER
RELAY 1

DME Interface Diagram

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DME/aTC/TCaS Suppression. 3.3. DME Interrogator Functional Description.

These systems operate in the same frequency band :
- DME,
- Air traffic control (ATC),
- Traffic alert and collision avoidance system
(TCAS).
When a DME interrogator, an ATC transponder, or the TCAS computer
transmits, it sends a suppression pulse through the suppression lines.
This pulse stops the reception of the other four units. This prevents damage
to the receiver circuits of the other LRUs.
Transmit.
The CPU uses tune inputs to tune the frequency synthesizer. The CPU give a
signal to the transmitter to send interrogation pulses. The transmit pulses go
through a circulator then to the DME antenna.
The transmitter sends a signal to the suppression circuits. During a
transmission, the suppression circuit in the DME 1 interrogator sends a
suppression pulse to the other systems. The suppression pulse stops receiver
operation in the other LRUs to prevent damage to internal circuits.

DME Audio. Receive.

The DME interrogator sends the DME station audio identifier to the remote
electronics unit (REU). The audio goes to the headsets and the flight
interphone speakers.
The circulator sends the RF pulse pairs it receives from the antenna to the
receiver. The receiver sends the pulse pair to the CPU. The CPU calculates the
slant range distance. It uses the time it takes to transmit pulse pairs and get a
reply from the ground station. When another L-band system transmits,
a suppression pulse stops the receiver operation.

Interrogator Output.
After the CPU calculates slant range distance, the CPU sends it to two ARINC
429 transmitters. One ARINC 429 transmitter sends the range data to the
DEUs for the flight deck displays and to other systems. A second ARINC 429
transmitter sends range data to the flight control computer. The CPU sends
the pulse pairs to the pulse pair decoder. The decoder sends the DME audio to
the REU.

Bite Module.
The built-in test equipment (BITE) module monitors the circuits in the DME
interrogator for faults. The fault memory in the DME keeps the number of
faults per flight. Shop personnel can read the fault memory contents.

Test.
The CPU does a test of the interrogator when it receives a test command from
the navigation control panel. You can also push a test switch on the front
panel of the interrogator. The test results show on the LCD display.

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4. System Detailed Description.

4.1. DME Interrogator.

The DME interrogator tunes to 252 channels and calculates distance
information for alL the channels in the DME range. There are 200 DME
channels for the VHF NAV frequencies. The other 52 channels are for military
TACAN functions. The DME receive frequency is 63 MHz above or below the
transmit frequency.

These DME tuning frequencies are in the VHF band :

- 108.00 to 117.95 MHz for DME stations with VOR or ILS,

- 133.30 to 135.95 MHz for DME only stations.

There are two switches and an LCD on the front panel of the DME
interrogator. You use any of the two switches to start a test of the DME
interrogator. The LCD shows the test results.

There is a memory card slot on the front of the DME interrogator.

Shop personnel use this to put in a f Lash memory card which loads software
into the LRU. The memory card can also keep LRU condition data sent by the
LRU during operation.

Shop personnel use the RS 232 connector to connect shop test equipment to
the LRU. This feature is not for use by Line maintenance personnel.

DME Interrogator

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4.2. DME Antenna. 4.3. DME Navigation Control Panel.

The L-band DME antenna transmits the interrogator output signal and receives General.
the ground station reply and identif ication signals. The navigation (NAV) control panels supply frequency inputs and test
commands to these navigation radios :
The antenna has an o-ring moisture seal and attaches to the airplane
with four screws. The DME and the ATC antennas are the same and are - DME,
interchangeable. - ILS,
- VOR.
Extra force on the antenna may be necessary to break the weatherproofing
seal. To prevent damage to aircraft skin or electrical cable at the antenna base, When you put a paired VOR or ILS frequency into the navigation control panel,
carefully pry around the antenna with a sealant removal tool. it also goes to the DME interrogator. The DME tunes a DME frequency in the
range of 108 MHz to 117.95 MHZ.

Set the frequency on the navigation control panel for these audio outputs :

- VOR and DME station identification,

- ILS and DME station identification.

0peration.
The NAV control panels have an active frequency display window and a
standby frequency display window. The frequency that shows in the active
frequency display window is the frequency that the navigation radios use for
operation. The standby frequency display window shows the next frequency
you will use.

The transfer switch is a momentary action switch. It transfers the frequency in

the standby frequency display window to the active frequency display window.
When you push the switch, the frequency that is in the active frequency
display window transfers to the standby frequency display window.

The frequency select control is a continuous rotary knob. There is an inner

knob and an outer knob. The outer knob sets the tens and ones. The inner
knob sets the tenth and one hundreth numbers.
DME Antenna

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At power up, the frequency displays show the last frequency entry before
power down.

The NAV control panel continuous BITE function monitors the operation.
The NAV control panel shows FAIL in the active and the standby frequency
display windows when there is a failure.

The monitor in the NAV control panel monitors the 28 Vdc input. If the
monitor does not get the 28 Vdc, the frequency display windows are blank.

Test.
When you push the test switch, the NAV control panel sends a test command
out on its output bus. If a VOR frequency shows in the active frequency
window, the test command goes to the VOR receiver. IF an ILS frequency
shows in the active frequency window, the control panel sends a test
command to the ILS receivers. If there is a DME frequency that is paired with
the VOR or ILS frequency, a test command also goes to the DME interrogators.

When you do a test of the master dim and test system, the NAV control panel
shows 188.88. The display shows for two seconds on then one second off
until the test is complete.

DME Control Panel

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4.4. DME Controls. 4.5. DME Indications.

Audio Controls.
Set these controls on the audio control panel to listen to DME audio :
- Push ON the NAV receiver volume control (NAV 1 for DME 1 and NAV 2
for DME 2),
- Select B (both) or R (range) on the voice range filter switch,
- Set the NAV receiver volume control.
Normal PFD Display.
The left PFD shows DME-1 data. The right PFD shows the DME-2 data.
The DME distance display shows in white Letters and numbers.
Normal ND Display.
DME distance shows on the top right corner of the ND dispLays in expanded
and centered VOR mode or expanded and centered ILS mode.

The voice/range selector permits you to hear DME audio. You will hear the The DME also shows in the lower Left (VOR 1) and the lower right (VOR 2)
DME audio when the voice/range selector is in the R or B position. corner of the ND if you select VOR on the EFIS control panel.

EFIS Controls. DME NCD or Failed Displays.

The EFIS control panel mode selector switch must be in the VOR/ILS position to Dashes replace numbers when the DME distance is no computed data (NCD).
show DME distance on the top right of the ND. If the DME has a failure, a DME flag replaces the DME distance.
The NCD indication and fail flag show in amber.
You put the VOR/ADF 1 switch to VOR 1 to show DME 1 in the Lower Left
corner of the ND. DME 2 shows in the lower right corner of the ND when the
VOR/ADF 2 switch is put to VOR 2.

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DME Controls

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5. Front Panel BITE.

Push one of the test switches on the front of the interrogator to start a test.
The interrogator then does a check of the internal circuits operation and of the
interfaces. The test results show on the LCD.

When you push the test switch, the test in progress page shows and the
interrogator goes through a self test that lasts approximately five seconds.
A five second scale shows at the bottom of the page. You can monitor the test
time by the line of Xs that show below the scale.

The TEST COMPLETE NO FAILURES display shows for a test pass condition.
The TEST COMPLETE FAILURES display shows for a test fail condition.

These are the selections that can show above the receiver front panel switches
during the test sequence :

- MAINT: This selection shows pages that contain program pin selections
and discrete interface status RETURN; this selection causes the display to
go back to the start test page,
- WHY?: This selection comes on when there are failures. Push this
selection to show the failures.

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DME Front Panel BITE Indications

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6. DME Self Test.

You do a remote test ot the DME System with the navigation control panel.
The navigation control panel does a test of these systems :

- VOR receiver,
- MB receiver,
- ILS receiver,
- DME interrogator.

When you push the test switch, the NAV control panel sends a test command
out on its output bus. If a VOR frequency shows in the active frequency
window, the test command goes to the VOR receiver. IF an ILS frequency
shows in the active frequency window, the control panel sends a test
command to the ILS receivers. If there is a DME frequency that is paired with
the VOR or ILS frequency, a test command also goes to the DME interrogators.

During a ground test or a self test, the dispLay units show these indications :

- The DME fail condition for two seconds,

- The DME NCD condition for the next two seconds,
- The DME normal condition to end the test.

The DME normal condition is the distance that shows before the test starts.

DME indications also show in the lower left (VOR 1) and lower right (VOR 2)
corner of the ND when you select VOR on the EFIS control panel.

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DME Sel Test Displays

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