Quiz #1 - Review of Thermodynamics Wednesday, January 20, 2016 Part 1 - Short questions (0 sts 1 Write the mass conservation equation and explain the meaning of every erm. Sts) 2. Write the 1" Law of Thermodynamics in its full general fr and explain the meaning of every term. (10 mks) ‘What ic pure substance? (Smurko 8) Draw a PT diagram ~ identify all de phases, important lines and points (7 mas) bb) Draw a T-v diagram ~ identify all ube phases, important lines and points, and show a constant pressure line. (Siarts) 5. As athermal engineer working on the design of an HVAC system fora new building, name three sources of heat gain you would need to consider for your design. (Sass)Part 2 - Problem (0 wx) 4) You are probably familia with the frozen Pizza Pockets snacks by MeCain that you ean buy in any grocery store. In this problem, you have to evaluat the energy required to heat a Pizza Pocket from its initial frozen temperature of 20°C ta final temperature of 95°C, (50 marks) ‘The following information is tobe used: Watercontent ] gage | Freezing traredient | o6mass) point crust aserams | 0°C “Tomato sauce cogams | orc ‘cheese Z| seams | oe ‘You can use Siebel’ Formula: Chien = 3.388404 Bg °C1 CPnan= 12604084 gC} 3340 ikke) For fll marks, use the methodology shown in class ‘You may assume thatthe specific hea of cheese isthe same whether i s fresh or melted 'b) The cooking instructions on the packaging recommend cooking a Pizza Pocket inthe microwave on high setting for 60-90 seconds. If your microwave oven has @ power output of So0Wats, how: fong wil i take to heat the Pizza Pocket? Are the cooking instructions equate? (10a)‘MCG 3110 - HEAT TRANSFER. Quiz #2 — Introduction to Heat Transfer Wednesday, January 27, 2016 Part 1 - Short questions (8 mss) 1. Name the different heat transfer modes, and for each mode provide the following information: (a) The physical mechanism (piease.. 3 or 4 lines mas for each mode!) (b) The governing law and appropriate units. () An example from your everyday life. (05 mts) 2, Am incandescent light bull is an electric light with « tungsten wit filament heated to a high temperature by passing an electec current through it unlit glows with visible ligt. The hot filament is protected from oxidation with a glass bulb chat is evacuated (vacuum). Tneandescent bulbs are known to be rather inefficient forms of lighting, typically converting less than 5% of the energy they consume into visible light. Higher efficiencies can be achieved by increasing the filament temperature, bat this i typically associated with reduced inespan ofthe filament. 8) Explain how heats transferred (which modes) from the hot tungsten filament surface ofthe incandescent light bulb shown below to the ambient air in the room. (Neglect heat transfer through the threaded portion ofthe light bulb) (2 mks) by Some light bulbs are filled with an inert gas rather than being evacuated. How would you expect this to affect the filament temperature and consequently the light bulb efficiency, and why? (6 mats) Tungsten fllament tacuated space (vecuum in bulb) lass Bulb Ambient AirMCG 3110 - HEAT TRANSFER Part 2- Problem 6swats) (On a hot summer day, the soof of a car in a parking lot absorbs a solar radiant heat flux of 800i", and the underside of the roof may be assumed to be perfectly insulated. The convection coefficient hetween the roof and the ambient air is 22 Winn"K. 4) Neglecting radiation exchange withthe surroundings, calculate the temperature of the ‘oof under steady state conditions ifthe ambient air temperature is 20°C, (20 mats) by For the same ambient aie conditions, calculate dhe steady state temperature ofthe roof if its surface emissivity is 0.8. (0 mats) Comment on whether or not radiation heat transfer is negligible inthis problem. ($ maks)MCG 3110 - HEAT TRANSFER Quiz #3 — Introduction to Conduction Wednesday, February 3, 2016 Part 1 - Short questions (50 ox) 1. Estimate te heat flox (per unit area) through a 25 mmm thick wall f the temperature on both sides ofthe wall are respectively 10°C and -S°C and ifthe wall is made of : (9 marks) 2) Stainless steel ') Pare copper ©) Air (neglect convection) 2.) Using the 1* law applisd on an infinitesimal contol volume (shown below), develop the heat difusion equation (HDE) in Cartesian coordinates. State all the assumptions required, Saas) ) Explain the meaning of every term inthe HDE. (6nass)MCG 3110 HEAT TRANSFER Quiz #4 - Chapter 3, Part 1 Wednesday, February 10, 2016 Part 1 - Short questions 20 xs) 1, Provide two important assumptions that must be satisfied for the concept of thermal resistances to be valid, Briefly explain what these assumptions mean. (6 mars) 2. Explain the analogy between electrical and thermal resistances. (mats) 3. What isa thermal contact resistance? Give two factors that can influence its value. (6 marks)MCG 3110 HEAT TRANSFER Quiz #5 -Chapter 3, Part 2 Wednesday, February 24, 2016 Part 1 - Short questions (25 wus) 1. What parameter should you evaluate to determine if fin is worth using? How do you calculate this parameter? (S marks) 2, What parameter should you evaluate to determine if'a fin is well designed? What does this parameter physically represent? (S marks) 5. Identify whether the following statements are true or false, IF false, explain why. (18 marks) 2) A longer fin wil have higher fin efficiency. b) The effectiveness of a fin is greater when placed in a flow with a high convection coefticient. ©) Fins made from highly conductive materials have higher fin efficiency. Part 2 - Problems 0 wats) 1. Copper fins (k = 401 Wimks) of uniform square cross-section (Gmm x 2mm) and fength L = 30mm are used in a fin array to fenhance heat transfer from a 40mm x 40mm surface that is, ‘maintained at Ty = 170°C. There ae a total of 100 fins, and the tip of the fins is maintained at 35°C. Air circulates over the fn array with a temperature of Te = 15°C and a convection coefficient of S50WimK. (30 mark) '2) What isthe rate of heat transfer from a single copper fin? 1b) What is the total hea transfer from this fin array? 2. A het sink (esturing rectangular fins atached to & Tmm thick base plate) is mounted on a computer processor (CPU) to promote cooling. ‘The heat sink is made of an aluminium alloy (k = 20W/mK) and has a total of 18 fins, each witha 1.5mm thickness. ‘The CPU dissipates 175W of heat and is located in a room where the ambient aris at Ta = 20°C with a convection coefficient of h = EWimeK. (48 mars) '8) Sketch the thermal resistance diagram to illustrate how heat istansferred from the CPU surface tothe ambient ai when the heat sink is installed. by) Determine the CPU surface temperature,MCG 3110 HEAT TRANSFER. Quiz #6 - Chapters 6 and 7 Wednesday, March 23, 2016 You can use your handoat of Table 7.7 to select appropriate comelations when necessary. Problem 1,65 was) ‘Consider the following flow with heat cansfer for which the upper plate moves with a speed of Usl0 sus and is maintained at at temperature of 30°C. The lower plate is stationary and is maintained a a temperature of 10°C. The plates are separated by a distance of L = $m, which is filled with an engine oil of viscosity yo = 0.799 Nim, thermal conductivity Ko = 0.145 ‘Wim.K and density po = 888.2 kp It is required to find the convection heat transfer rate between the upper plate and the cil Unfortunately, the Nusselt number for that situation is not in any textbook. Therefore, you have ‘solve the boundary layer equations to find the heat transfer rte. 4) Find the velocity distribution in the oll by solving the mass and x-momentum boundary layer ‘equations with boundary conditions, Write down all your assumptions. Continved.+) Find the temperature distribution inthe oil by solving the boundary layer energy equation with ‘boundary coneitions, x, Reminder: a = ‘) Determine the heat transfer rate per unit area becween the upper plate and the ol Problem 235 ws) ‘The roof ofa refrigerated ruck compartment i of composite construction, consisting ofa layer of foamed urethane insulation (t= 50mm, ky = 0.026 Wim) sandwiched between aluminium alloy panels (ty = Sm, ky = 180 WhmK). The length and width ofthe oof are L= 10m and W 3.5m, respectively, and the inner surface temperature is T,; = -10°C. Consider conditions for ‘which the tuck is moving at a speed of V = LO5knwh on a summer day where the ambient air is aT, = 32°C. 4) Sketch the chermal resistance diagram to illustrate how heat s transferred from the ambient si {othe inside surface of the truck's roof You can neglect radiation heat tranfex 'b) Evaluate the convection coefficient on the ouer surface of the roof. You may assume that the properties of ait at Tig are: v= wip =15.89e10° mls, k= 0.0263 Wink, Pr = 0.707. «) Calculate the heat transfer ate though the truck's roof under the given conditionsMCG 3110 HEAT TRANSFER, Quiz #7 - Chapters 8 and 9 Wednesday, April 6, 2016 in groups of two, hand in only one quiz 50 minutes. sed book, Correlations summary handout (Table 8.4 is allowed. Part I - Short questions (35 ws) 1. Cold air is flowing in a hot pipe which is maintained at a constan surface temperature T,. The air enters the pipe at a uniform temperature of Try. Plot on a T:x diagram the pipe surface {emperatire andthe air mean temperature as a function of pipe length x. & mach) 2, Cold air is heated as it flows in a pipe which is exposed to a constant surface heat flux g ‘The air enters the pipe at «uniform temperature of Tm,. Plot on a T-x diagram the pipe surface ‘temperature and the ar mean temperature. Explain why the curves ae this way. (ms) 3. In your own words, define natural convection and give 2 reasons why itis used. (marks) 4, What isthe physical meaning of the volume expansion coefficient f? How is it caleulated for a perfoct gas? (6 mas) ‘5. Give the expression for the Grashof number and explain what it physically represens. sks) Part 2 - Problem (6s mes) A 2mu-thick stainless steel round tube (kss = 18 Win-K) with a length L=6m and inside diameter D,= 8mm is coated with « 5Amm-thick layer of plastic (ky=0.6 WimK). The outer surface ofthe plastic is maintained at 20°C. Water enters the tbe with a steady mass flow rate of (0.015kg/s and « mean inlet temperature of 92°C. Determine the temperature of dhe water atthe ‘ube outlet, Assume the following properties forte water, p= 4214 kek bh = 28010 Nin a 679 Wink 18 ‘i ¥ols Goro07 oosaT 7 B50 100 Fit ah 58.5 Temperature distribution in an infinite cylinder of radius y, 1] (Used with pe eo Lumped Capaciance Method:Important Information - continued 10% ° oF To Ts 2 25. oer Pcie 3.18 Efficiency ofsteaisht fine (ectansular. tiangular and parabolic profiles) 100 20| Lerets 4 2» Apt a2 Ey, aks os Te rr Bo 25 Puy Ficee 3.19 Efcieney of annular fine of rectangular pf, Page 6/8(04 Regng = ond = OK ino) eg aol ‘Cana ine ae Se aha rset empente maak (Oust + hil sone ~ 010) an=0 7 079) Page SiRUSEFUL INFORMATION (CONTINU a Pictte 3.19 Ecos of naar fine of rectangular profile Table 12.1 Blackbody Radiation Functions 12) x [am K] FO) XE K] | __FOD 200 7.000000 3200] 0318102 400 0.000000, 3400 | 0361735 600 (0.000000 3600 | 0.403607 800) (0.000016 3800__| 0.443382 1000) 0.000321 4000 | 0.480877 1200 0.002134 #200 | 0.516014 1400) 0.007790 4400__| 0.548796 1600 0.019718, 4600 | 0.579280 1800 0.039341 4800 | 0.607559 2000 0.066728 5000 | 0.633747 2200 0.100888, [0.658970 2400 0.140256 2600 | 0.183120 2800 0227807 3000 0.27323:XH OMPPE ry of conve X {1+ (ef282. 000)" ross flow [11-12] Rep oa 4-40 40-4000 4000-40,000 49,000 400,000 jon heat transfor correlations for este Geometry Cylinder c 0.989 oot 0.683 0.193 0.027 Average Fe Rep Pr= 02 fy Conon “Average. 04 5 Rep 4% 10, Pre0rLaminar fly deep ein Laminar, lly develope, ifr —DOORIDI eer ‘Laine, termal etry (oe combine ney with Pr 5, To oui orL te, ‘ait, snl) (6)" up) (a Lani, combine, = Pr 5.00048 = al) = 975 union T, saonoRes (30af Tne, ly developed, Rep = 2% 17 Fost Res (820m) Then fly developed, Rep = 2% 10" J (0790 Rep — 107 (821 Tabu ly develops, 30 Re ap = one Pr (640j" Tues fly develope 06 P= 16, Rey = 100, (LAD) = 14 = Oa eT, > Ty ann = 0360727, ‘Nap = onze Pit ( 1") Tonle uly devetped 0.7 P : Ry WO 2D = 10 (02) Tabuln.flydevelped 08 = Pr 2000, M00 ep 5% LE ALID) = 1 yp = 432+ 0018Rey PP (8.6) Lagi eas ble ally developed toon BOX IO = Rey 908 X10, LE Pop HO Nip = 50-4 OARS Pr (665) Liguid mcs. le lly developed ir Te 100 mata cen me tie pine Np Pry Sal Se ec, ‘res bans 438 8858 a 24K bas popes in xe 19,4202 21 se sea re 820s 2 peta tebe ere sn a se ed wh Be eS oF Fae 83 ‘hte pian Eaten $0, er ye ocd ieae eee Neel te Mi ver ae YE, If10) = Te propre sl ene esa the neg ofthe eerie, Ta at Fu ‘Fores aac ce eis Ry = Dts D4 ad n= Rea ay ead sr oe vie “Toke Fre om Eston 8403) Dads tyrone