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and,
For example it can receive or reject heat energy or it can be the means by
which work is done. Common examples of working substances used in
thermodynamic systems are air and steam.
Boundary: The real or imaginary surface that separates the system from
its surroundings.
Type of system:
Isolated system neither mass nor energy can cross the selected
boundary
Open system both mass and energy can cross the selected boundary
Phase
lf lwo phases exist together then the substance is in the form of a two-
phase mixture. Examnles of this are when a solid is being melted into a
liquid or when a liquid is being transformed into a vapour.
This is discussed under the heading of the Triple Point during the
discussion on steam.