ROOT OF THE NECK

B1 2019 BY KTRC
 Boundaries:

T1 vertebra

1st rib

Manubrium
 Contents:

Subclavian artery and its branches

Subclavian vein
Innominate vessels
Common carotid artery
Thoracic duct and right lymphatic
duct
Trachea
Esophagus
Thoracic inlet and outlet

Thoracic
inlet/Superior
Aperture

Thoracic outlet
 Bones

Manubrium
Clavicle

Sternum
 Lateral Vertebral Neck Muscles

Scalene medius

Scalene anterior
Scalene posterior
 Scalene medius

Scalene anterior
Scalene posterior
Scalene medius
Scalene anterior

Scalene posterior
Muscle Origin Insertion Nerve Supply Action
Scalene Anterior tubercles Scalene Anterior rami of Elevates the
Anterior of the transverse tubercle on C4-C6 nerves 1st rib,
processes of C3-C6 the 1st rib responsible for
vertebrae lateral flexion
Scalene Medius Transverse process Upper Anterior rami of and rotation of
of C1 vertebra and surface of cervical nerves the cervical part
the posterior the 1st rib of the vertebral
tubercles of the column
transverse
processes of C2-C7
vertebrae

Scalene Posterior tubercles Outer Anterior rami of Elevates the

Posterior of the transverse surface of lower cervical 2nd rib and
processes of the the 2nd rib nerves responsible for
lower cervical lateral flexion of
vertebrae the cervical part
of vertebral
column

Note: Scalene anterior and medius are inserted in the 1st rib while scalene posterior on
the 2nd rib; Theyre action is for the lateral flexion of the head.
 Deep cervical
Cervical vertebra muscle

Vertebral artery
(located in the
Scalene medius
transverse
foramen)
Scalene anterior
Esophagus

Trachea
Longus colli
muscle
Prevertebral fascia covers the posterior
vertebral muscles, scalene anterior&medius
and posterior
 Rectus Capitis Anterior

Rectus Capitis Lateralis

Longus Capitis

Longus Colli

Scalene Medius

Scalene Posterior
Scalene
Anterior
 Anterior/Pre-Vertebral Neck Muscles
Muscle Origin Insertion Nerve Action
Supply
Longus Colli Superior oblique: Superior oblique: Anterior Forward flexion
anterior tubercles Anterolateral rami of of the neck
of the transverse surface of the C2-C6
processes of C3-C5 tubercle on the spinal Superior and
vertebrae anterior arch of C1 nerves inferior oblique
vertebra parts: lateral
Inferior oblique: flexion of the
Anterior of the Inferior oblique: neck
bodies of T1-T2 or Anterior tubercle of
T1-T3 vertebrae the transverse Inferior oblique
processes of C5-C6 part:
Vertical part: vertebrae responsible for
Anterior of the rotation of the
bodies of C5-C7 Vertical part: neck to the
and T1-T3 Anterior of the opposite side
vertebrae bodies of C2-C4
vertebrae
 Anterior/Pre-Vertebral Neck Muscles
Muscle Origin Insertion Nerve Action
Supply
Longus Capitis Inferior surface of Anterior tubercles Anterior Responsible for
the basilar part of of the transverse rami of flexion of the
occipital bone processes of C3-C6 C1-C3 neck
vertebrae spinal
nerves
Rectus Capitis Anterior surface of Inferior surface of Anterior Responsible for
Anterior the lateral mass the basilar part of rami of flexion of the
and root of occipital C1-C2 neck at the
transverse process spinal atlanto-occipital
of C1 vertebra nerves joint

Rectus Capitis Upper surface of Inferior surface of Responsible for

Lateralis the transverse the jugular process lateral flexion of
process of C1 of occipital bone the neck to the
vertebra same or
ipsilateral side
Arteries, Veins And Nerves
 Phrenic nerve
(located on top
of scalene
anterior)
3rd part of left
Subclavian
Origin: C3-C5
Artery (located in
between scalene
anterior and
scalene medius)

From: Arch of Brachial

Aorta Plexus(located in
between scalene
At the outer anterior and
border scalene medius)
of the 1st rib, it
becomes the Origin: C5-T1
Axillary artery
 External Jugular Vein
(located on top of
sternocleidomastoid)

Drains to: Subclavian

vein

Internal Jugular Left Subclavian

Vein Vein (anterior to
-it joins with the subclavian
subclavian vein artery)
to become
brachiocephalic Drains to:
vein Brachiocephalic
vein
Brachiocephalic
vein Axillary vein
becomes the
Drains to: subclavian vein
Superior Vena at the level of
Cava outer border of
the 1st rib)
External Jugular Vein
(located on top of
sternocleidomastoid)

Drains to: Subclavian

vein

Right Subclavian
Vein (anterior to
subclavian artery)

Drains to:
Brachiocephalic vein Brachiocephalic
vein
Axillary vein
becomes the Drains to:
subclavian vein at Superior Vena
the level of outer Cava
border of the 1st rib)

1st rib
 Thyrocervical
trunk

From: 1st part of

the subclavian
artery

Superficial
cervical artery

Branches of
Suprascapular Thyro-
artery cervical
trunk

Inferior thyroid
artery artery
 1st rib

Trachea

Esophagus

Cervical
Vertebra
Brachiocephalic
vein

Drains to
Superior Vena
Cava
 Left common
carotid artery

Internal mammary or
Internal thoracic
artery (1st part of
Left Subclavian
subclavian)
Artery
From: Arch of
Aorta Subclavian
artery

Vertebral Costocervical
artery (1st part artery (2nd part
of subclavian) of subclavian)

Deep cervical
artery
Highest
Upper intercostal intercostal/Superior
artery intercostal artery