IEEE International Conference On Recent Trends In Electronics Information Communication Technology, May 20-21, 2016, India

Proposing the systems to provide protection of

vehicles against theft and accident
Prabal Deep Das, Sharmila Sengupta

AbstractThe implementation of a feature in vehicles have
become a very useful task in order to provide the customer with
a vehicle which will provide security as well as assistance while
driving. These features mainly focus in providing safety and
security to the customers. However, these features have not
proved to be as efficient as it could have been. So, this paper
mainly focuses on a method to provide safety in and out of the
car as well as security. The safety can be provided by using a
combination of Bluetooth module, sensors and camera for
avoiding the occurrence of collision as well as an accident control
unit has also been proposed to provide the information to the
Police as well as the Driver itself. The security to the car can be
provided by image processing as a fingerprint identification
system using MATLAB.
There are different commercial safety features which have
already been implemented in a car such as Anti-Lock Braking
System, Blind Spot Warning System, High Speed Automatic
Emergency Breaking, Pedestrian Auto Emergency Breaking,
Electronic Stability Control (ESC), Driver-Warning Fatigue,
Blind Spot Warning System [11]. However, from a survey in
[9] it has been observed that the total number of accidents in
2012 (22579) is more than the number of accidents in 2011
(22155). The security features are equally important because
in [10] a survey has indicated that the number of car burglary
is greater in 2013 as compared to 2012.

KeywordsBluetooth, Camera, Anti-Lock Braking System,

Sensors, Security, Fingerprint, MATLAB

I. INTRODUCTION
A vehicle is equipped with a large number of devices
which helps the driver to ride the car in a smoother manner.
These devices combines together to form a single system
which is called as a feature. The feature can be either a safety
related or it can be a security related features.
The word safety means to protect the vehicle from
damages caused during the accidents. The term Security
means to protect the vehicle from an unauthorized person.
There are many features (both safety and security.) which
have been implemented in the earlier years. In [1] the author
has implemented a system to provide collision avoidance
system using Bluetooth technology as well as sensors,
whereas, the author in [2] have tried to implement a system to
avoid collision due to rash driving and drunken driving. In [6]
the author was controlling the ECS system by using
microcontroller which communicates with ESC system using
CAN bus. The security features which have been implemented
earlier have been discussed in [7].
Prabal Deep Das,M.E. Student: Electronics and Telecommunication
,V.E.S.I.T., Mumbai University,Mumbai, India(a4.prabal.das@gmail.com )
Sharmila Sengupta, Assistant Professor: Computer Science, V.E.S.I.T.,
Mumbai University,Mumbai, India (sharmila.sengupta@ves.ac.in )
Fig.1: Graph of rate of car theft in 100,000 populations [10]
This paper has been presented in the following manner:
The whole paper will be divided into following
sections.Section II will explain the existing as well as the
proposed methods to provide safety and security features.
Section III will highlight the overall working of the system.
Section IV will explain the results came out from the proposed
system and the last section will conclude the whole paper.
II. SAFETY AND SECURITY IN CARS
A. Existing System
There are many features which have been implemented as
well as proposed to provide both safety and security in the
previous years. In [1] the author has proposed a system of
getting information of any car coming in the range of 10
meters by using Bluetooth technology and if it comes more
closer to the car then the distance is sensed by the RFIDs and
then the brakes will be applied automatically using ABS. The
author in [2] and [4] have discussed the method to reduce the
number of accidents caused by rash driving. The author in [2]
have used the sensor and followed a pattern of speed in both
the traffics (heavy and no traffic.) and if the pattern does not

978-1-5090-0774-5/16/$31.00 2016 IEEE

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 IEEE International Conference On Recent Trends In Electronics Information Communication Technology, May 20-21, 2016, India

match with the real time pattern (produced by sensing the
speed.) then the signal will be send to the nearby Police
station using Zigbee technology. The author in [4] will only
sense the speed and if the speed exceeds the threshold then it
will cut the fuel flow to the main engine thus causing the car
to get halt. The accident caused by drunken driving has also
been considered in [2] which has used an infrared sensor for
detecting the alcohol content and if it becomes greater than the
threshold then again the fuel flow is cut off. In [3] the author
has discussed the method to protect the person/ child/ pet
sitting at the back seat and gets locked in the car, and then the
sensor will start monitoring the temperature and will perform
immediate actions accordingly and also will give alert
message to the driver of the car. While working on security
aspects of the cars, a method explained in [7] has proved to be
effective because the author has used the palm print and palm
vein based biometric authentication system.
B. Proposed Systems
Bluetooth Enabled Collision Warning System
The Bluetooth module helps in detecting the existence of
any car within a distance of 10m and calculates the distance
between the two adjacent cars or any vehicles by using a
proper sensor. If the distance comes out to be less than the
threshold value then depending on the distance the computer
will send the signal to the antilock braking system (ABS). The
whole process has been explained in figure 2.
Hill Mode
This feature is mainly used to provide an efficient driving
in an elevated plane. It takes the input from an accelerator as
well as a switch for enabling the device to lock the reverse
gear or activates the brakes of the car, so that when the user
will try to climb up or move down along the sloppy regions it
will help in providing the brakes to the car when the
accelerator is not applied which has been shown in figure 3.
maintain the temperature of the car to remain within the
prescribed range and if the temperature goes beyond that
range then it will alert to the main owner through GSM as
well as it will start ringing the alarm. The system operation is
explained in Figure 4.
Fig.3: Flow chart of Hill Mode
Rash Driving Alerting System
The rash driving can be sensed by determining the
number of times the driver is applying brakes and
acceleration in a given period of time. This device will sense
for the occurrence of rash driving in both types of traffic
conditions. It will warn the driver by sending the alert
message in the first iteration using GSM module and in the
second iteration, if the same procedure occurs then it will
provide the message to an Accident Prevention Unit (APU)
which will forward the information of the car and its owner
to the nearby police station which can better understood from
Figure 5.
Drunken Driving Alerting System
This feature works similar to that of a Rash Driving
Alerting system unlike an alcohol sensor is being deployed in
place of the touch switch in accelerator as well as at the
breaks. The sensor will help in to sense the content of the
alcohol present in the air being exhaled out by the driver and
start working accordingly.
Automatic Road Sign Monitoring System
This feature will automatically look the presence of road
signs and will perform the immediate operation. The principle
operation has been explained in Figure 6.

Fig.2: Signal Flow Diagram of Bluetooth Enabled Collision Warning

System

Child in Car Alerting System

This features gets enabled when the car engine is OFF and
a person or a child (who is not able to get out from the car
without the help of any another person.) is present in the car.
The sensor will start sensing the temperature within the car
and accordingly it will perform immediate operations to Fig.6: Flow chart of Automatic Road Sign Monitoring System

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 IEEE International Conference On Recent Trends In Electronics Information Communication Technology, May 20-21, 2016, India

Fig.4: Signal flow diagram of Rash Driving Alerting System

Fig.5: Signal flow diagram of Drunken Driving Alerting System

Fingerprint Based Start/Stop Touch Switch III. EXPERIMENTAL SETUP

This feature gets enabled when the owner of the car will
unlock its (car) door using IR sensor. This will ensure that
without owners authentication the cars ACC will not be
unlocked and thus, your car will also not start. It has been
adopted as an alternative to key lock system in car.
The features mentioned above have been assembled
together, so that it can be used in a vehicle as a single device.
The components were assembled together and are being
controlled by using Raspberry pi. The overall architecture of
the system has been explained in Figure 8 in which the dotted
lines are indicating the signal flow.

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 IEEE International Conference On Recent Trends In Electronics Information Communication Technology, May 20-21, 2016, India
Fig.7:Flow chart of Fingerprint based start/stop Touch Switch
IV. RESULTS
The positions of the components (with their position
numbers) required for implementation of the above mentioned
features in car has been given in Figure 9.
Case Study1: The security part was implemented by
interfacing the Fingerprint Sensor Module GT511CR
with Raspberry-Pi board and has been tested successfully.
Case Study 2: The collision avoidance system was
implemented by interfacing a USB Bluetooth adaptor
(HC SR04) with the board and the ultrasonic sensors were
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placed in eight different directions (North, South, East,
West, North-East, North-West, South-West and South-
East) and have been programmed, considering all the
possible conditions.
Case Study 3: The rash driving detection required the
number of times accelerator and brakes has been pressed.
If the count becomes greater than 4 in 2 minutes then an
alert message is produced (in case of low traffic).If the
speed is greater and the number of brakes applied is less
than 4 then also the same operation was observed.
Case Study 4: The Alcohol content was sensed by using
Infrared sensor placed at the steering wheels of the car
which had helped in to detect the content of alcohol.
Case Study 5: The hill mode was found to be working as
a simple NAND gate I which if the accelerator is applied
then the brakes will not be applied and vice- versa
provided the Hill mode switch should remain ON.
Case Study 6: The feature called Child in Car can be
implemented by using temperature sensor (DS18B20) and
a human presence sensor (D6T44L-06) for making the
things happen according to the desired operation of the
proposed feature.
Case Study 7: This requires a camera to be connected with
the Board and should send the signal to ABS or to any
other peripherals using CAN BUS when required.
V. CONCLUSION
The above mentioned features can be implemented by
using easily available components. These features are
easy to install and have been implemented by considering
the limited power availability in cars.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I want to convey sincere thanks to Mrs. Sharmila
Sengupta, Assistant Professor for guiding me during this
research paper by sharing some ideas which actually helped
me to complete my research paper on Proposing of system to
provide protection of vehicles against theft and Accident.
 IEEE International Conference On Recent Trends In Electronics Information Communication Technology, May 20-21, 2016, India

Fig.8: General Architecture of the proposed system using RASPBERRY PI Board

Fig.9: Components mounted in a car

Technologies (ICCCNT), 2012 Third International Conference on.

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4) Hill mode switch 12) Sensor for alcohol for automobiles. Advances in Engineering and Technology Research
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5) Touch switch in 13) Fingerprint Module [7] Yuan, Wii, and Songhua Tang. "The Driver Authentication Device
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6) Human Presence Sensor 15) Camera Biometrics (ICHB), 2011 International Conference on. IEEE, 2011.
8) Window controlling unit 16) Radar
[8] Jain, Anil K., Arun Ross, and SalilPrabhakar. "An introduction to
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