Chapter 16
( To my Muse) a pathetic poem
Brussels capital Belgium
Jose Albert young student from Manila who
accompanied Rizal in Brussels
Jaceby sisters (Suzanne & Marie) run the
modest boarding house
Jose Alejandro engineering student who
replaced Albert
wrote La Solidaridad in Brussels
o articles appeared in La Solidaridad
A La Defensa (To LA Defensa) reply to a
Spanish author Patricio de la Escosura
La Verdad Para Todos (The Truth For All)
defense against the Spanish charges that the
native local officials were ignorant and
depraved
Vicente Barrantes Teatro Tagalo- exposes
Barrantesignorance on the Tagalog theatrical
art
Una profanacion (A Profanation) a bitter
attack against the friars for denying Christian
burial to Mariano Herbosa, husband of Lucia
who died of cholera
Verdades Nueva (New Truths) a reply to
Vicente Belloc Sanchez w/c assertes that the
granting of reforms in the Philippines would
ruin the peaceful and maternal rule of the
friars.
Crueldad (Cruelty) defense of Blumentritt
from the scurrilous attacks of his enemies
Diferencias (Differences) reply to biased
article Old Truths w/s ridiculed those
Filipinos who asked for reforms
Inconsequencias (Inconsequences) defense
of Antonio Luna against the attack of Pablo
Mir Deas in El Pueblo Soberano
Llanto y Risas (Tears and Laughters) A
denunciation of Spanish racial prejudice
against the brown Filipinos
Ingratitudes (Ingratitude) reply to
Governor Valeriano Weyler who told to the
people of Calamba that they should not allow
themselves to be deceived by the vain
promises of their ungrateful sons.
Rizal was first to advocate the Filipinization of
its orthography.
salacot (peasants head-gear)
Sobre la Nueva Ortografia de la Lengua
Tagala (The New Orthography of the Tagalog
Language) article published in La Solidaridad.
Dr. Trinidad H. Pardo de Tavera auhthor of El
Sanscrito en la Lengua Tagala (Sanskrit in the
Tagalog Language)
Laong Laan(Ever Ready)
A Mi. . .
that lacks the exquisiteness of To the Flowers
of Heidelberg and is less polished than To the
Filipino Youth but passionate in feeling
2 things brought cheer to Rizal:
o summertime festival of Belgium
Carnival style
o Romance w/ Petite Suzzane Jacoby
Belgian girl; pretty nice of his lanladies
Nellie Boustead
Chapter 17
Rizal fought 2 duels: Antonio Luna &
Wenceslao E. Retana talented Spanish
scholar and press agent of the friars
Leonor Rivera married a
British(Englishman) engineer
M.H. del Pilar acted as Rizals lawyer
Dr. Dominador Gomez secretary of the
Asociacion Hispano-Filipina
Minister of Colonies - Seor Fabie
El Resumen Madrid newspaper w/c
sympathized w/ the Filipino cause, To
cover the ears, open the purse, and fold the
arms- Spanish colonial policy
Queen Regent Maria Cristina ruler of Spain
during the minority of Alfonso XIII
Jose Ma. Panganiban talented co-worker of
Rizal in the Propaganda Movement died in
Barcelona @ 27. (Eulogy for Panganiban)
La Ecopa anti-Filipino newspaper in madrid
Teatro Apolo where gold watch chain with a
locket containing the picture of Leonor Rivera
lost
Pablo Rianzares first proprietor of M.H. Del
Pilar where he purschased La Solidaridad
election between Rizal & del Pilar for
Responsible took place during the 1st week of
Feb. 1891
2 hostile camps (Rizalistas & Pilaristas)
Madrid one of gayest cities of the world
according to Rizal
Chapter 18
Biarritz resort city in French Riviera & where
Rizal finished his second novel El
Filibusterismo
Eduardo Boustead father of Adelina and Nellie
(Nelly) living in Villa Eliada
Nellie (Nelly) prettier and younger daughter of
Mr. Boustead, protestant
 Father Pablo Pastells accused Rizal that he is a
protestant
Jose Ma.Basa (Hongkong) British colony
where Rizal want to practiced ophthalmology in
order to earn his living
Propaganda Movement/reform crusade
Mr. A.L. Lorena pseudonym of Deodato
Arellano
May 30,1891 revision of fili mostly completed
Chapter 19
Ghent famous university city in Belgium
Rizal met 2 compatriots:
o Jose Alejandro from Pampanga; room-
mate of Rizalin cheap boarding house
o Edilberto Evangelista from Manila
both studying engineering in
University of Ghent
F. MEYER-VAN LOO PRESS publisher
found by Rizal to print his Fili
Valentin Ventura his friend in Paris who sent
him the necessary funds for the printing of Fili
Sept. 18, 1891 El Filibusterismo came off the
press
Riza sent 2 copies of Fili in Hongkong for Basa
and Sixto Lopez
Rizal donated the original manuscript and an
autograph printed copy to Valentin Ventura
La publicidad where the members of Filipino
Barcelona newspaper published a
tribuneeugolizing the novels original style w/c
is comparable only to the sublime Alexander
Dumas and a model and a precious jewel in
the now decadent literature of Spain
El Nuevo Regimen liberal Madrid newspaper
whom serialized the Fili in its issues; consists of
279 pages of long sheets of paper
El Filibusterismo was dedicated to Gomburza
(Mariano Gomez,73yrs old; Jose Burgos, 35yrs
old; Jacinto Zamora, 37yrs old
Filipiniana Division of the Bureau of Public
Libraries, Manila where the Original
Manuscript of El Filibusterismo is being
preserved
P10,000 amount of acquiring the original
manuscript from Valentin Ventura by Philippine
Government
FOREWORD( found before the dedicatory
page) & WARNING(found on the other side of
the dedication) features of Fili that do not
appear in the printed book to save printing cost
the title page of El Fili contains inscription
written by Ferdinand Blumentritt
El Filibusterismo is a sequel to the Noli. Little
humor, less idealism, less romance than Noli,
more revolutionary, more tragic
Sypnosis:
Simoun hero of Fili who was Crisostomo
Ibarra in Noli; rich jeweler
Tabo- roundish shaped steamer sailing from
Manila to Laguna de Bay through Pasig
River
Doa Victorina ridiculously pro-Spanish
native woman
Don Tiburcio husband of Doa Victorina
who deserted her
Paulita Gomez - Doa Victorinas niece
Ben-Zayb anagram of Ibaez; a Spanish
journalist who write silly articles about the
Filipinos
Padre Sibyla Vice-Rector of UST
Padre Camorra parish priest of town Tiani
Don Custodio pro-Spanish Filipino
holding a high postion in the government
Padre Salvi thin Franciscan friar and
former cura of San Diego
Padre Irene a kind friar who was a friend
of the Filipino students
Padre Florentino - a retired scholarly and
Patriotic Ffilipino priest
Isagani a poet-nephew of Padre Florentino
and a lover of Paulita
Basilio son of Sisa
Noli and El Fili Compared:
Noli is a romantic novel, work of the
heart, book of feeling, has freshness,
color, humor, lightness, and wit
Fili is a political novel, work of the
head, book of the thought, contains
bitterness, hatred, pain, violence and
sorrow
El Fili contains 38 chapters while Noli
has 64
Noli is superior than Fili
Unfinished 3rd novel has no title, consists of 44
pages(33cm x 21 cm), preserved in National
Library
Prince Tagulima son of Sultan Zaide
of Ternate
Malapad-na-Bato A big rock on the
bank of the Pasig River
Kamandagan hero of the 3rd novel;
descendant of Lakandula, last king of
Tondo
Other unfinished novels:
Makamisa novel in agalog, written in
a light sarcastic style and is incomplete
 for 2 chapters, consists of 20 pages (34.2
x 22)
Dapitan written in ironic Spanish,
consists of 8 pages (23cm x 16cm)
novel about the life in Pili, town in
Laguna consists of 147 pages (8 x
6.5)
Novel about Cristobal youthful Filipino
student who has returned from Europe,
consists of 34 pages
o Amelia his sweetheart
o Capitan Ramon father of Cristobal
Chapter 20
Rizal left Europe for Hongkong
Melbourne steamer bound for
Hongkong
Manuel Camus a compatriot living in
Singapore
Father Fuchs a Tylorese whom he
played with chess; a Father Damaso w/o
pride and malice
Jose Ma. BAsa welcomed Rizal in
Hongkong
Rizal opened his clinic
sad news of deporting of twenty-five
persons from Calamba including his
family
Queen Victoria of England whom
Hidalgo will write if the Queen of Spain
will not listen in appealing for their
protection
Santa Cruz capital of Laguna
Dr. Lorenzo P. Marques Portuguese
physician who befriended by Rizal and
admirer of him, helped him to build up a
wide clientele
Dr. Ariston Bautista Lin sent Rizal a
congratulatory letter and a book on
Diagnostic Pathology by Dr. H.
Virchow and Traite Diagnostique by
Mesnichock
Don Antonio Vergel de Dios offered
him his services for the purchase of
medical books and instruments
establishment of Filipino North
Borneo(Sabah)
Menon ship on board to Sandakan
Bengkoka River in Maradu Bay
offered by the British North Borneo
Company
Manuel T. Hidalgo brave Batangueo,
who objected to the colonization project.
Weyler Cubans odiously called The
Butcher
Gov. Gen. Eulogio Despujol Count of
Caspe who announced to the Filipino
people a fine program of government
Writings in Hongkong
o Ang Mga Karapatan NAng
Tao (The Rights of Man)
proclaimed by the French
Revolution
o A la Nacion Espaola (To the
Spanish Nation) appealto
Spain to right the wrongs done
to Calamba tenants
o Sa mga Kababayan (To my
Countrymen) explaining the
Calamba agrarian situation
o The Hong Kong Telegraph
British daily newspaper
o Mr. Frazier Smith editor of
The Hong Kong Telegraph
o Una Visita a la Victoria Gaol
(A Visit to Victoria Gaol) a
account of Rizals visit to the
colonial prison of Hong Kong,
contrasted the cruel Spanish
prison system w/ the modern
and more humane British prison
system
o Colonisation du British North
Borneo, par de Familles de Iles
Philippines (Colonization of
British North by Families from
the Philippine Islands) wrote
to elucidate his pet Borneo
colonization project
o La Mano Roja (The Red
Hand) denounces the frequent
outbreaks of intentional fires in
Manila
o Constitution of the Liga Filipina
printed in Hong Kong
(LONDON PRINTING PRESS)
o Liga Filipina (Philippine
League) an association of
patriotic Filipinos for civic
purposes
o Jose Ma. Basa originally
conceived the Liga Filipina but
Rizal wrote the constitution
o Domingo Franco- friend of
Rizal in Manila where he sent
the printed copies of Liga
constitution
 o Dr. Marques where he gave
his last Hong Kong Lettters for
safekeeping.
o Luis de la Torre secretary of
Despujol
Chapter 21
The battle field is in the Philipines
biblical Daniel bearding the Spanish lion
in its own den
Arrival of Rizal w/ Lucia
meticulous diarist (description of 2nd
homecoming)
Gen. Eulogio Despujol, Conde de Caspe
Spanish gov. gen.
visiting friends in Central Luzon
o Malolos, San Fernando, Tarlac,
Bacolor and Pampanga
Doroteo Ongjungco Chinese-Filipino
mestizo ; where the meeting was conducted,
Ylaya Street,Tondo, Manila
Liga Filipina civic league of Filipinos
Unus Instar Omnium (One like All)
motto of Liga
o Ambrosio Salvador president
o Deodato Arellano secretary
o Bonifacio Arevalo (Harem)
treasurer
o Agustin de la Rosa fiscal
o Apolinario Mabini Katabay
o Andres Bonifacio warehouse
employee
o Pedro Serrano Laktaw Panday
Pira
o Domingo Franco Felipe Leal
o Jose Ramos Socorro
o Moises Salvador Araw
o Faustino Villaruel Ilaw
o Numeriano Adriano Ipil
Constitution of Liga Filipina
to unite the whole archipelago into
one compact and homogenous
body
Mutual protection in every want
and necessity
Defense against all violence and
injustice
Encouragement of education,
agriculture, and commerce
Study and application of reforms
Provincial council province
Popular Council town
entrance fee 2 pesos & monthly due 10
cents
Pobres Frailes (Poor Friars) satire against
the rich Dominican friars; printed bt the
Imprenta de los Amigos del PAis, Manila
Fr. Jacinto author of Pobres Frailes
Ramon Despujol nephew of Gov. gen.
Despujol who arrested Rizal and escorted to
Fort Santiago
Nilad first Filipino Masonic Lodge
Supreme council governing body
Gaceta de Manila published the story of
Rizals arrest
Cebu steamer sailing for Dapitan
Cpt. Delgras cpt. of steamer Cebu
Cpt. Ricardo Carnicero Spanish
commandant of Dapitan