Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Adolfo, Angela Nicole G., Alcaraz Frances Jillian Kaye F., Aliman, Stephanie T., Astor, Jashmin
D., Bauzon, Franchesca D., Cabral, Danica Rose G.
ABSTRACT
The synthesis of soap and detergent is an experiment detailing the process of creating
soap and detergent. Soap, by chemical definition, refers to a cleaning agent that is a mixture of
sodium salts of various naturally occurring fatty acids. Detergents, on the other hand, are
structurally similar to soaps but differ in terms of water-solubility. The cleaning action of both
soaps and detergents results from their ability to emulsify or disperse water-insoluble materials
and hold them in suspension in water. In the experiment, soap and detergent are synthesized and
later compared their solubility in hard water. Soap is synthesized by usage of solutions and
solvents such as NaOH, coconut oil, cold saturated NaCl solution. Detergent is synthesized by
means of solutions such as dodecanol, H2SO4, NaOH, and a detergent sample.
bath.
Emulsifying Slightly Emulsified Slightly Emulsified
Ability (less suds) (less suds)
C. Test for Glycerol
To the residue containing the Table 1 shows that detergent and
glycerol, a pinch of powdered potassium soap are color white solid in appearance.
bisulfate was added. It was heated over a This is because of their chemical nature;
high flame and the odor was observed. soaps are alkaline salts, and detergents are
sodium dodecyl sulfate.
Figure 4. Reaction Sequence for Detergent finished product of soap was obtained
a sodium salt by hydrolysis with NaOH. The Through the Syntheses of Soap and
result yielded a sodium dodecyl sulfate salt, Detergent several aspects were
which notes to the appearance and solubility encountered. The first aspect observed from
in water. Detergents, when added to a 1% them was their color and appearance,
CaCl2 and 1%MgCl2, were more soluble than another aspect is their solubility with different
soap. Soaps and detergents both showed inorganic chemicals (Calcium Chloride and
emulsifying ability. The detergents produced Magnesium Chloride). And in this
more suds compared to soaps, the experiment, it has been observed that soap
emulsified products proved that the oil was is insoluble with both reagents and detergent
is the soluble. Giving an idea of their http://www.chymist.com/Soap%20and%20d
common use. Soaps are use as bath soap, etergent.pdf
and intended to last longer. Thats why they
Making Soaps and Detergents. (2016).
were considered as insoluble, but in the use
Retrieved from http://www.rsc.org/learn-
of soaps it could be said that they are
chemistry/resource/res00001746/making-
considered as very slightly soluble (with
soaps-and-
water). And as for detergents, that are used
detergents?cmpid=CMP00005261
in laundry; giving the fact that they have to be
freely soluble with water for the clothes to be
completely suspended or soaked in the
Books:
soapy liquid produced by the water and
detergent. One more aspect observed from Bathan, G.I., Bayquen, A.V., Crisostomo,
the soap and detergent were also through A.B.C., Cruz, C.T., de Guia, R.M., Farrow,
their emulsifying ability, projecting a similar F.L., Pea G.T., Sarile, A.S., Torres, P.C..
result, wherein both are contemplated to be (2014). Laboratory Manual in Organic
slightly emulsified. Chemistry Revised Edition. Quezon City,
Manila: C & E Publishing, Inc.
In this experiment, the members
have encountered the syntheses of soap and
detergent. Giving an accomplishment for the
first objective of the experiment. And through
the results from the experiment, the behavior
of soap and detergent in hard water have
been totally compared. Giving another
accomplishment to the second objective.
Concluding that the objectives have been
accomplished.
REFERENCES
Website: