Number Problem

1. 21 less than 4 times a number is equal to the number. Find the number.

Solution:
Let x be the number.

4x - 21 = x
4x - x = 21
3x = 21
x = 21/3
x=7

Answer: The number is 7.

2. Twice the larger of two numbers is three more than five times the smaller, and the sum
of four times the larger and three times the smaller is 71. What are the numbers?

Solution:
Let x be the smaller number and y be the larger number.

2y = 5x + 3 ..... 1st equation

4y + 3x = 71 ..... 2nd equation

From the 1st equation,

y = (5/2) x + (3/2)

Using this into the 2nd equation,

4 [(5/2) x + (3/2)] + 3x = 71
10x + 6 + 3x = 71
10x + 3x = 71 - 6
13x = 65
x=5

Again, using the 1st equation.

2y = 5(5) + 3
2y = 25 + 3
2y = 28
y = 14

Answer: The numbers are 5 and 14.

3. There are three consecutive numbers. The sum of the first two numbers is 17 more than
the third. Find the numbers.

Solution:
Let x be the first number, x+1 be the second number, and x+2 be the third number.

x + (x+1) = (x + 2) + 17
x + x + 1 = x + 2 + 17
x + x - x = 2 + 17 -1
x = 18

Answer: The numbers are 18, 19, and 20.

4. When 264 is added to a number, the result is 99 more than 6 times the number. What is
the number.

Solution:
Let x be the number.

264 + x = 6x + 99
264 - 99 = 6x - x
165 = 5x
x = 33

Answer: The number is 33.

5. Ellen sold twenty fruits worth 100 pesos. The fruits consist of oranges worth 3 pesos
each and apples worth 11 pesos each. How many apples were sold?

Solution:
Let x be the number of oranges.
Let y be the number of apples.

x + y = 20 .... 1st equation

3x + 11y = 100 .... 2nd equation

From the 1st equation,

x = 20 - y

Hence,
3x + 11y = 100
3(20-y) +11y = 100
60 - 3y + 11y = 100
-3y + 11y = 100 - 60
8y = 40
y=5
Answer: 5 apples were sold.

Age Problem

1. In five more years, Justins grandmother will be ten times as old as Justin last year.
When Justins present age is added to his grandmothers age, the total is 73. How old is
each one now?

Solution:
Let x be the age of Justin and y be the age of the grandmother.
Justins age last year is x-1.

y + 5 = 10(x-1) ... 1st equation

x + y = 73 ... 2nd equation

From 1st equation,

y + 5 = 10x- 10
y = 10x - 10 - 5
y = 10x - 15

Using this into the 2nd equation,

x + (10x-15) = 73
x + 10x - 15 = 73
x + 10x = 73 +15
11x = 88
x = 88/11
x=8

Using the 2nd equation,

8 + y = 73
y = 73 -8
y = 65

Answer: Justin is 8 years old while the grandmother is 65 years old.

2. Eight years ago, Meannes age was half of the age she will be in 12 years. How old is
she now?

Solution:
Let x be the age of Meanne.
x - 8 = (1/2) (x+12)
x - 8 = (1/2)x + 6
x - (1/2)x = 6 + 8
(1/2)x = 14
x = 28

Answer: Meanne is 28 years old.

3. Johns father is 52 years old. He is 16 years older than four times Johns age. How old
is John?

Solution:
Let x be the age of John.

52 = 16 + 4x
52 - 16 = 4x
36 = 4x
36/4 = x
9=x

Answer: John is 9 years old.

4. Robert is twice as old as Albert. Five years from now, the sum of their ages is 55. How
old is Robert?

Solution:
Let x be the age of Albert and 2x be the age of Robert.

(x + 5) + (2x + 5) = 55
3x + 10 = 55
3x = 55 - 10
3x = 45
x = 15

2x = 2(15) = 30

Answer: Robert is 30 years old.

5. Phil is twice as old as his brother James. James is 5 years older than Angel. In 5 years,
Phil will be three times as old as Angel. How old is James now?

Solution:
Let x be the age of James, 2x be the age of Phil, and x-5 be the age of Alice.

After 5 years,
2x + 5 = 3 [(x-5) +5]
2x + 5 = 3x
5 = 3x - 2x
5=x

Answer: James is 5 years old.

Comparison Problem

1. Patrick has 28 blue boxes. He has 13 more blue boxes than the red ones. How many
red boxes does Patrick have?

Solution:
Let x be the number of red boxes.

28 = x + 13
28 - 13 = x
15 = x

Answer: There are 15 red boxes.

2. Marie earned P150 for cleaning old bottles. Rhea earned P125 for the same chores.
How much more did Marie earn?

Solution:
Let x be the difference between their earnings.

x = 150 - 125
x = 25

Answer: Marie earned P25 more than Rhea.

3. Mandy and Raffy love collecting dolls. They have a total of 50 dolls. If Mandy have
two dolls more than twice the dolls of Raffy, how many dolls does Raffy have?

Solution:
Let x be the dolls of Mandy and y be the dolls of Raffy.

x + y = 50 ... 1st equation

x = 2y + 2 ... 2nd equation

Using 2nd equation into the 1st equation,

2y + 2 + y = 50
2y + y = 50 - 2
3y = 48
y = 48/3
y = 16

Answer: Raffy has 16 dolls.

4. Rose and Jack bought new books. Jack bought 3 books fewer than that of Rose. If Rose
bought 10 books, how many books does Jack have?

Solution:
Let x be the difference between the books they bought.

x = 10 -3
x=7

Answer: Jack bought 7 books.

5. Jenny has seven stickers. Cherry has three more stickers than Jenny. How many
stickers does Cherry have?

Solution:
Let x be the number of stickers Cherry has.

x=7+3
x = 10

Answer: Cherry has 10 stickers.