Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
1
Stair
OVERVIEW
Introduction
Functional requirements
Basic elements of stairs
Type of stairs
2
Stair
INTRODUCTION
What is vertical movement or vertical circulation?
3
Stair
INTRODUCTION (cont.)
4
Stair
INTRODUCTION (cont.)
STAIRS/STAIRWAY
5
Stair
INTRODUCTION (cont.)
LADDER
6
Stair
INTRODUCTION (cont.)
STEPLADDER
RAMP
7
Stair
FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENTS
STRENGHT
Able to support for movement between floors, including dead
and imposed load.
SAFETY IN USE
Comply with the Building Regulation in determining the rise,
thread, headroom and dimensions of the handrails and guarding.
Should be constructed of materials that are capable of
maintaining strength and stability for a period of time sufficient to
escape to the outside.
FIRE SAFETY
The steps and the width should be adequate for the safe escape
to the outside.
8
Stair
PRIMARY FUNCTIONS
9
Stair
STAIR TERMINALOGY
10
Stair
STAIR TERMINALOGY
STEPS
11
Stair
12
Stair
13
Stair
A clearance height
between the pitch line of
the stair and the underside
of the stairs, landings and
floors above the stair.
Minimum 2 m clearance
from the pitch line for a
convenience of human
and goods movement.
14
Stair
Balustrade
A series of baluster, capped by a handrail.
15
Stair
Closed railing
Open railing
Stair
TYPE OF STAIRS
Type of stairs:
17
Stair
TYPE OF STAIRS
Straight Flight Stair
18
Stair
19
Stair
20
Stair
Constructed as either a
spiral(helical) stair or an ellipse
stair.
The most economical way to
save space, but difficult to Spiral (helical) stair
use due to the sharp turns.
Very dangerous for the very
young and elderly.
Usually use where the space is
very limited for access to an
intermediate floor of one
room.
Elliptical stair
21
Stair
Timber
Concrete precast & cast-insitu
Metal
Stone
23
Stair
Timber Staircase
24
Stair
25
Stair
Timber Stair (cont.)
26
Stair
27
Stair
Timber Stair (cont.)
29
Stair
30
Stair
In-situ RC stair
32
Stair
33
Stair
34
Stair
Constructed to cantilever
from the spine wall, or can
be partly cantilever from the
spine wall and supported by
the enclosing frame or walls.
35
Stair
Stone Stair
37
Stair
Stone steps with stepped soffit Stone steps with flush soffit
38
Stair
Metal Stair
39
Stair
40
Stair
Simple Reinforced
Concrete Stairs
Formwork
Reinforcement
41
Stair
Metal stairs
42
Stair
Timber Spiral Stair
43
Stair
Precast Stairs hoisting and assembling
44
Stair
Precast Stair
45
REFERENCES