Rabang Thesis

MAPUA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

School of Architecture, Industrial Design and the Built Environment
Manila, Philippines
A Proposed Water Sports Complex and Recreation Center

Space Frame Structure Concept
A Thesis presented to
The Faculty of School of Architecture
In partial fulfillment of the course requirements in

Architectural Design 11: Architectural Thesis
For the degree of
Bachelor of Science in Architecture
Submitted by
Bismarc Fiel C. Rabang
On
March 2012
School of Architecture, Industrial Design and the Built Environment 1

Acknowledgements
I am heartily thankful to my Architectural Design 9 Thesis 1 instructor,
Archt. Ten Ealdama, who has always been approachable and whose expertise, guidance and patience throughout the term
enabled me to acquire the knowledge in doing this thesis;
To my friends, Drew Gozar, Kc Castro, Abby Macatangay, Rois Sabile, Calude Mella, Wei Xian Eileen Hung, Hannah Albino,
and Audrey Canque; to my best friend and her family, Gladys Baes for giving me support in doing my Thesis 1; To my loving
mother, Melita Rabang for her encouragement and support, My father, Engineer Marcelino Rabang for supporting and
motivating me, my siblings, Christeel, Maia and Marcel Rabang which serves as my inspiration for studying hard;
And to the following government agencies and authorities for allowing me to conduct interviews and giving me documents for
the justification of my thesis: Philippine Sports Commission (Engr. Ellano), Philippine Aquatic Sports Association, Department of
Tourism.
Most of all, I thank the Almighty Father for giving me strength, fortitude, bright and positive mind-set in doing my research.
This research would not have also been achievable if it were not because of them.

About the Author
Bismarc Fiel C. Rabang is currently living in Taguig City but originally from Umingan, Pangasinan. He
became interested in architecture and engineering back when he was 8, while watching his father who is a
Civil Engineer drawing, computing and designing structure. He appreciates it more when his father once
took him into a construction site. Now, he is a Senior Student of B.S. Architecture in Mapua Institute of
Technology and is hoping to graduate with a Bachelors Degree in 2012. He excels in architectural design,
building technology, and manual drafting subjects. He believes
that ang arkitektura ay ang siyang sumasalamin at ang siyang
bubuo sa katauhan ng ating kultura, kasaysayan at kasalukuyang
lipunan. Itoy kusang sumisibol, katulad ng hangin, huni ng ibon
at liwanag. Itoy kusang nagbabago, ngunit kailanmay hindi
m
a
w
a
w
a
l
a
.


Table of Contents
CHAPTER 4 ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN SOLUTION
Title Page
Approval Sheet ii
Certificate of Originality iii
Acknowledgement Sheet iv
Table of Contents vi 4.1 Space Programming index 65
List of Tables vii 4.2 Design Concept 76
List of Figures viii 4.3 Plans 77
4.4 Elevations and Sections 81
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 4.5 Perspectives 83
1.1 Background 1
1.2 Statement of the Problem 2 Bibliography
1.3 Project Goals, Objectives and Strategies 4 Appendices 85
1.4 Significance of the Research 4 86
1.5 Review of Related Literature 5
1.6 Framework 16
1.7 Research Methodology 17
1.8 Scope and Limitation 40
1.9 Definition of Terms 40
CHAPTER 2 RESEARCH FOCUS

2.1 Rationale 42
2.2 Discussion of principles 42
2.3 Recommendations for application 50
CHAPTER 3 ARCHITECTURAL
PROGRAMMING
3.1 Site Selection Process 50
3.1.1 Setting the Criteria 50
3.1.2 Description of Site Options 51
3.1.3 Site Selection and Justification 54
3.1.4 Site analysis 54
3.1.5 Site Development Options 59

Chapter 1 provinces in the country. Unfortunately, in 2010, they were

not allowed to compete in the 2010 Asian Games by the
Introduction Philippine Olympic Committee (POC) because of report
questions in the accuracy of their time trial. Up until now, the
rowers still trains in the polluted Manila Bay, living in a
small apartment, and no facility being provided for them.
1.1 Background/overview
They receive minimal support from the government and
Being an archipelago, much of the Philippines is surrounded
minimal recognition from the Filipino people.
by bodies of water. Composed of over 7, 107 islands and
approximately 36, 289 km of coastline, the reason why
Aside from Dragon Boat, Filipinos also excel in all different
fishing is one of the most common livelihood in the country.
water sports and activities. Below is the list of some of our
Philippines outshine in many different aquatic activities and
exquisite achievements in water sports:
water sports such as swimming, kayaking, surfing, rowing
and fishing.
In Surfing Division, Julian Marie Lavadia and
Luigi Villafuerte won 1st and 2nd respectively last
Our dominating potential in water sports was proved in
summer of 2011 held in Camarines Sur.
2007, when the Philippine Dragon Boat Team is announced
as the fastest crew on the planet after winning the World In Sailing Division, Ridgely Balladares and
Dragon Boat Championship held in Sydney and gained a Rommel Chavez scored no less three first place
world record. In 2009, they successfully defended their finishes out of fifteen races at the Mirror Class
crown. Female paddlers during the same year also gained World Championships 2011 held in Albany,
the world record of being the fastest crew. Most of the Western Australia.
players are fishermen from Bacolod and from other

In Wakeboarding Division, Tynna Rosero, its 15 swimmers in the seventh Singapore Island
won first place on Women Wakeskate category, Country Club age group swimming championship.
Raffy Francisco and Dennis Devinagracia won 3rd
Philippine Sports Tourism:
and 4th place respective on Amateur Wakeskate
category all held during the 2011 WWA Wake
Park World Championships hel in Camarines Sur Sports tourism is one of the fastest growing areas
and Samantha Bermudez won first place in Ultimate 10 % of $4.5 trillion global travel and tourism
Wake Championship 2011 Womens Division. industry
In Swimming Division, during the last 2008 In 2010, government is expecting $17 billion or
Beijing Olympics, the Philippine swimming team had 13.6 % of GDP gross domestic product contribution
the largest share of the country's athletes of sports tourism industry, almost 10 % from coming
represented in Beijing, with five swimmers competing from water sports. Or approx. .4 % of Global
in seven events. Miguel Molina completed the men's travel and tourism industry.
200 m individual medley, Christel Simms completed
However, the facility for sports particularly water
the women's 100 m freestyle, JB Walsh completed
sports is not enough to lead us to significant
the men's 200 m butterfly and won his heat but
development and mergence of the sports tourism
didn't move on, and Daniel Coakley completed the
sector.
men's 50 m freestyle. Walsh's and Coakley's
achievements are also Southeast Asian records.
In 2011, Diliman Preparatory School, barely
sixmonths into its swimming program, finished third
overall behind the 12-gold medal performance of

people and so as the government. Being an archipelago

and a country surrounded by seas, we should be well known
around the world to be leading in all water
sports/activities.
The study will attempt to answer the following question:

What project can help promote water sports
According to those facts, there is a need to develop Sports in the Philippines?
Tourism industry in our country for a better community. We What will make it different from other water
can develop or enhance it more through water sports sports facility available in the country and from
knowing that we are surrounded by beautiful bodies of other countries?
water and coastlines. What other features can we add to aid the
According to Conference Chairman Charles Lim hopeful facilitys being world class? To educate and train our
that through the Sports and Tourism Summit, tourism athletes and aspiring young athletes?
stakeholders will be able to focus on developing sports How can the project attract Filipinos and
opportunities by investing in infrastructures, facilities, and foreign people and invite them to support and
support network to accommodate major sport events and repute water sports in the Philippines?
other sports tourism activities How can we provide a facility for water
sports without disturbing our aquatic environment?
1.2 Statement of the Problem
Which site can be best for the project?
Despite such implausible achievements attained by our
athletes in Aquatic Activities or Water Sports, Water Sports
in the Philippines is not yet well reputed by the Filipino

What are the other benefits that a facility To attract Filipinos and tourist to support
like this can contribute aside from promoting aquatic water sports in the Philippines through architectural
activities and water sports? design.
To have a facility that should symbolize our
1.3 Project Goals and Strategies culture and water sports dominance.
Clients Goal: to train and to provide optimum care to To help increase the value of sports tourism
Filipino National Water sports athletes and to maximize industry in the county.
their athletic performance through sports science and
education and research. Strategy
Proponents Goals: the aim of the study is to provide a To identify our potentials and capabilities in
facility that will promote water sports in the Philippines. water sports and our latest achievements in water
sports by research
Objectives
To identify our weaknesses and problems
To provide a facility for Filipino National about the topic that can be solved through
Water sports athletes and aspiring young athletes architectural design.
to maximize their knowledge, skills, and to enhance
To conduct interviews to our athletes, water
their potentials.
sports organizations, environmental sectors and
To provide a world class facility that will be other organizations/sectors that have concerns
known worldwide and can be an international venue about the study.
for water sports.
1.4 Significance of the Study

ARCHITECTURAL SIGNIFICANCE: The study will show our strengths and advantages against
all countries around the word. Also, the study will find ways
Since the study will involve water and sports, it will to popularize water sports in our country in view of the fact
showcase the dramatic expression of nature, tradition and that we are known to be dominant in water sports. When
introduction of Philippine aquatic architecture. The study will the aim of the study succeeds, it can help our country raise
help us create a symbol of our dominance in all water its pride and make its people proud to be Filipinos.
sports and aquatic activities since we are an archipelago
and is surrounded by bodies of water. 1.5 Review of Related Literature
ECONOMICAL SIGNIFICANCE: 1.5.1 Economy and Employment in Water Sports
An Assessment of the Economic Impact of Water-Related

The study will also include tourism. Since different water Recreation and Tourism 2007
sports are international sports and is trained and practiced On a research conducted by Spey Catchment Management
around the world, the study will find out ways to attract first Plan Partners entitled An Assessment of the Economic Impact
the Filipinos, and then foreign people and at the same time, of Water-Related Recreation and Tourism 2007, of
find out services and income generating facilities that can Caledonian University in Europe, on the section of Economic
help boost the economy of the site and possible the Impact of Water Sports that regards employment:
economy of the country. It is extremely difficult to associate the employment in this
sector with a set of skills because most employees are, and
need to be, multi-skilled. For example a centre manager,
NATIONAL SIGNIFICANCE: who is largely in an administrative position, could well be
called out to operate as a ski instructor, canoe instructor or
mountain leader to cover for illness. Amongst instructors full-

time contracts are becoming less common. The reasons for This work suggests that 1.7m worth of annual output, 48
this are the requirements for outdoor centers to minimize fulltime jobs equivalents and 0.8m in wages and self-
overheads and respond to a changing market. There is a employment income to households in the Moray Badenoch
recognized pool available who work as required for centers and Strathspey Enterprise area are dependent upon water
or companies when they are available. Nonetheless this sports in the Moray Badenoch and Strathspey Enterprise
flexible employment pattern is attractive to many who economy.
operate their own businesses and may be elsewhere for
substantial periods of time on expedition work. Within
centers there are a significant number working in In the conclusion of the study, large number of employment
administration, with the normal skill requirements. These deal is dependent in Water Sports facilities with Hotel
not only with activities but also the hotel side of centers. accommodations and other retails and establishments. It only
There are also a number of cooks, cleaners; bar staff etc means that water sports helps boost up the economy of a
some full time but probably most part time. It is difficult to specific place or region.
see outdoor centers as offering an attractive service without
water based activity, but to then associate all centre staff The Value of the Water Sports Economy in North Devon
with that activity would be totally incorrect. The demand in
the MBSE area remains for multi-skilled and qualified On the Overall Summary of Results of the report by Liz
instructors, and hotel type staff. Abell and Isabelle Bromham in North Devon in Europe:
This section has tried to estimate the total economic impact 67 businesses were surveyed altogether, representing just
of water sports in the Moray Badenoch and Strathspey over one third of the businesses that are directly linked to
Enterprise area. For the assessment of indirect and induced water sports in Northern Devon. Key findings from the
effects we have used the model developed by CogentSI. survey were as follows:

The surveyed food and drink businesses

780 staff were employed by these benefited from 72,500 customers because of their
businesses, leading to an estimate of over 2,000 proximity to water sports opportunities*
staff employed in water sports related jobs across 11 water sports clubs reported 975
the area members*, around half of which were schoolchildren
Most businesses turned over less than 250k, Water sports equipment rental businesses
compared with the national average of 597k reported that they served 3,650 customers in
The total turnover for the surveyed 2008*, but none of them purchased their equipment
businesses was approximately 25m, of which 18m in Devon, primarily for reasons of price
was specifically identified as being directly related Water sports equipment retailers reported
to water sports products and services 19,400 customers in 2008
This can be estimated as 80m water sports Water sports equipment manufacturers
related turnover across the area reported 1.65m of products (sales price)*
Business demonstrated a higher level of Revenue from water sports tuition amounted
environmental awareness, concern and policy to 250k for surveyed businesses in 2008.*
development than was found in other sectors
It is estimated that 149,000 guests stayed in This research forms part of the process in understanding the
surveyed accommodation providers in Northern sector and the importance it has on the area in terms of
Devon for the water sports opportunities socio-economic development and environmental protection.
Water sports did not feature heavily (or in The findings clearly showed that the marine leisure sector is
some cases at all) in publicity materials for the a powerful tool for stimulating the North Devon local
accommodation providers

economy because of Water Sports facility, Education further development based on any study conducted that will
facility for water sports, hotels, retails, rentals and tourism. identify and develop a full-range of niche tourism products
looking to promote strong future growth and diversification
North Devon is well placed to be at the forefront of of the tourism industry. The need for a planned and
developing a low carbon economy through the marine consistent approach to building a sustainable base for the
leisure sector. This research clearly demonstrates the Sports Tourism sector is imperative and the development of
commitment from businesses to protecting the environment a National Sports Tourism Strategy must immediately get
and the measures they already have in place to minimize underway.
their impact on natural resources.
The hosting of the 2005 South East Asian Games provided
1.5.2 Sports Tourism including Water Sports the Philippines with a unique learning opportunity. Although
A Need for a National Sports Tourism Strategy 2007(see we were able to showcase the Philippines to our Asian
Appendix) neighbors and the world, both as a tourism destination and
According to Virgilio Beeyong Sison on his study: as a country with the ability to compete in skills by winning
A Need for a National Sports Tourism Strategy, Tourism is the overall championships, the 2005 games experience left
one of the worlds largest industries, and it goes hand-in- us with much to be desired in terms of infrastructure like
hand with sports and recreation. This area combines travel, world-class sports venues, athletic dorms/hostels, transport
service, entertainment and wellness. By merging both services, organizational expertise in the sports industry.
activities, Sports Tourism has now become the fastest
growing sector world-wide. The World Tourism
Organization (WTO) predicts that Sports Tourism will be the The challenge for Sports Tourism development is to take
second most important travel segment by 2020. Also, Sports advantage of all the opportunities this presents. The
Tourism will be the one to show enormous potential for Philippines can have many competitive advantages in the

Sports Tourism marketplace including a climate conducive to ability of a region to support a particular sporting activity
outdoor activities and a diverse range of sporting activities or event. A strategic approach which considers the
in a Natural Setting. The development and access to quality adequacy and availability of all relevant facility needs to
sports facilities and well developed tourism infrastructure be adopted when planning sporting events and activities.
(e.g. roads, accommodation infrastructure) can be bring vast
changes to the image of a country like the Philippines as a According to the recommendation of the author, todays
sporting nation and tourism destination. tourism would be unthinkable without sports. Sports events
cannot take place without some kind of tourism support.
They usually depend on a tourism destination. Clearly, the
According to this phrase, since 2005, our country desires to Sports Tourism industry in the Philippines has enormous
have sports venues that are world class bur up until 2011; potential. A development initiative focusing on Sports
we dont have good enough facilities that can be a Tourism can yield enormous gains including strong inbound
desirable venue for international events. It is said that we tourism growth, sports and tourism infrastructure. There are
have all the factors and advantages for developing such considerable economic, sport and community benefits to be
things. Most if not all sporting activities and events rely on gained through developing the niche market that is sport
having appropriate infrastructure in place. The most obvious tourism. Community sport tourism can lead to improved sport
form of infrastructure is the sporting facilities themselves, development, enhanced community pride, and more active
sports facilities such as water sports complex. A starting populations. Perhaps it may also help cure social ills such as
point in addressing these issues would be to conduct addiction in drugs, sex and illegal gambling jueteng,
facilities audits to identify what sporting facilities and at alcoholism and depression which are caused by lack
what standard, are available. A further logical step down of participation and direction. People will immediately feel
this track would be to conduct a broader asset audit of all the impact of the economic gains made by our government
relevant infrastructures, to assist organizers in assessing the

once they see concrete activities happening in their daily Arroyo said the Philippines could compete as an attractive
lives. tourist destination due to its proximity to northeast Asia,
particularly Japan, China, and South Korea, world-class
RP eyes $17-billion tourism industry
natural attractions, and ability to create substantial niche
In an article by Genalyn Kabiling on the Manila Bulletin markets.
issued Feb 2010:

The countrys main selling point, he noted, is marine
Sun, water sports, more hotels, and better transportation biodiversity that has promoted diving and other water
system are expected to propel the country's booming sports activities in many islands.
tourism sector into a $17- billion industry this year,
Water Sports is always included in the development and
government officials said Friday.
allotment of budget for tourism because the Philippines is
National Economic and Development Authority (NEDA) surrounded by water. Water sports Facility gives great
Director Dennis Arroyo said the countrys natural wonders, impact in tourism and economy of a region and even a
complemented by improved tourism infrastructure, have country.
attracted more local and foreign tourists to the Philippines.
By 2010, the industrys contribution to gross domestic 1.5.3 Effects of Water Sports Facility and Aquatic Activities
product is targeted to reach US $17 billion or 13.6 percent in the Environment
of GDP, Arroyo told reporters in Malacaang.
Marketing Water sports & Protecting the Environment
At least 5.2 million local and foreign tourists visited the
Philippines in 2009, or 16.66 percent higher than 2008. Some Techniques proposed by Beverley Pierson is
supported by Countryside Access & Activities Network in

Strangford Lough can be a guide in creating an Examples of impacts by recreational activity-

architectural design of water sports that is friendly to the eroded soils, trampled vegetation, polluted waters,
aquatic environment. littering and displaced wildlife.
Principles How?
Leave What You Find: load your camera, not Slight changes can have huge positive
your boats. Avoid spreading nonnative species by impacts.
washing boats and equipment after each trip. Techniques wash your boat and equipment
Dispose of Waste Properly: Pack it in, pack after each trip, stick to existing sailing areas, never
it out, avoid disposal into the water. feed wildlife, do not disturb wildlife keep a good
Minimize the Effects of Fire: use established distance eave natural objects (aquatic plants etc.)
fire rings or a stove. where you have found them, only use dead wood
for firewood, keep campsites away from
Why? water/rivers.
Inform others on how they can create less
More and more of us are engaging in a
impact on the environment.
wider range of water and land based activities.
Therefore our collective mark on the The study will include the protection of our natural aquatic
environment is increasing. environment. It is important to still consider nature as still the
Even the most thoughtful visitors leave main attraction of the project. These guides will give a big
footprints and unintentionally disturb wildlife. help for the design of a environmentally friendly project.

disturbance of river and lake life is demanded of these

Summer Sailors, Water Sports and the Environmental Impact water travelers. Fish stocks are dropping although many
According to an article posted by Rhonda Nieman issued inland lakes and ponds are stocked manually each year.
April of 2008: And it's not just fish; many other types of marine wildlife are
also at risk, such as turtles.
We all love to watch and participate in water sports.
Swimming and water-tubing are the simplest and require Warnings have been issued that all frogs throughout the
the least equipment. Sculling from a small boat on inland world are suffering from a disease that is expected to
waterways also has minimal impact on the environment, destroy eighty percent of frogs globally. Further
providing you take your garbage home like any endangering this fragile species will disrupt the whole food
responsible picnicker. Owners of waterfront properties have chain. The Polar Bear was declared an endangered species
rights to sea wrack, but do not appreciate pollution from in Canada in January 2008. In 2007, recreational sailors
food wrappers, non-biodegradable cigarette butts and were sailing their crafts across the Northwest Passage for
empty drink cans. the first time known to mankind. The human race is at risk
from loss of its food supply as the climate warms. New
Sports such as parasailing and water skiing require water codes have been established for outboard motors. This
craft with gasoline engines. This means that fossil fuels legislation is not retroactive and many recreational sailors
power the craft and leave a trail of carbon emissions. These continue to have their ancient outboard motors serviced for
days the average fisherman is seriously restricted in the future use. Old outboard motors leave a cloud of carbon
number of fish he can take. Most fish are returned to the emission and petroleum leakage in their wake. Serious
water. damage to lakes, waterways, and oceans are the result of
using old-fashioned and inefficient outboard motors.
In some jurisdictions owners of seafood have been warned
Modern ones do cut costs.
to travel slowly along inland waterways. Minimal

Fishermen, like hunters, pay a license fee for their sport. The Green Blue, RYA House, Ensign Way, Hamble,
Many believe that those who also leave a carbon footprint Southampton, studied and identified the effects of boating
on the seas, lakes, and oceans should also pay a license and Water Sports on Wildlife and Environment:
fee. Even the birdwatcher of water fowl inevitably causes
some environmental damage. Consequently, suggestions are Identifying the Impacts
made to protect the environment by licensing all those who All types of craft have the potential to cause disturbance to
set foot or boat in these areas. wildlife if handled without care in their presence. The level
of disturbance to wildlife may be directly related to the
Until then, an exchange credit system which allows old type of activity. Dahlgren and Korschgen (1992) (as quoted
inefficient outboard motors to be exchanged for code- in DeLong 20021) proposed a range of categories of
certified modern ones could help. The fisherman and hunter human activities in order of decreasing disturbance to
know the importance of protecting the environment. Anyone waterfowl:
else stepping out of their own area needs to share these
Rapid over water movement and loud noise
concerns.
(power boating, waterskiing and aircraft).
Stepping with a soft footprint is no longer enough. Over water movement with little noise
(sailing, windsurfing, rowing and canoeing).
It is important that we minimize the effect through
architectural design and coordinate with the sector that is Little over water movement or noise (wading,
knowledgeable about this matter. swimming).
Activities along the shoreline (fishing, bird

watching, hiking and traffic).
The Effects of Boating and Water Sports On Wildlife

However a study in the Stour-Orwell estuarine SPA3 (ERA Effects on Fish: A study conducted in Loch Lomond (2005)9
Report 44, 2005) showed that vessels under sail and motor reported on effects of recreational boating on fish ecology,
on the estuaries caused relatively little disturbance to birds summarized as disturbance by moving boats, increased
and there was no difference in the degree of disturbance predation in turbid areas, mortality of eggs and effects on
between the different types of vessel. It is also true that reproduction. It was concluded that disturbance by moving
certain types of craft and their movement may have a boats is of low magnitude and turbidity was not considered
greater capacity to disturb. A study conducted in to be a serious problem. Species specific studies carried out
Teignmouth Bay (Goodwin & Cotton, 2004)8 showed that on a number of fish species also identified potential impacts
the presence of bottlenose dolphins was unrelated to the on Atlantic salmon arising from boat wash and boat
number of boats present. When boats were stationary, the movement, propellers, boat exhaust and pollution. Studies
behavior of dolphins did not differ significantly between published by the Institute of Fisheries Management
boat classes. However, there was a highly significant (undated) concluded that boating was not believed to have
difference in the response by dolphins to different types of a serious impact on fish, except in some circumstances to
boats when they were moving. Speedboats and personal scare them from the immediate area. Detrimental impacts
watercraft were associated with adverse behavior by the were highest where high speed vessels such as personal
dolphins, even when boats were not directly approaching watercraft and water skiing occurred in small lakes on a
the animals. regular basis. This was backed up research from Sport
Scotland10, which showed a change in fish behavior when
These studies show that in order to accurately identify the speedboats passed nearby. From the literature, there is no
causes and impacts of boat based disturbance on wildlife, evidence of direct damage to fish from propellers and the
research programs must be must be carefully designed, and impacts of boat exhaust and pollution are likely to be
may need to be site or species specific. confined to local areas.

Conclusions: A number of effects of boating activities on However, the presence of boats does not necessarily cause
wildlife have so far been identified, but many remain a disturbance. If craft are handled with sensitivity there can
poorly understood, and be minimal or zero disturbance. Zoning of sensitive areas,
it is sometimes difficult to assess the impact on species of speed restrictions, awareness of seasonal and geographical
boating related disturbance in isolation from other sources sensitivities, and education have all been used to mitigate
of disturbance, both natural and human induced. As a the impact of boat use on wildlife. Evaluation of these
general rule it is believed that non powered craft such as approaches will be helpful to ascertain the most effective
sailing craft have less overall impact than powered craft, means of minimizing disturbance to wildlife from all types of
with speed boats and personal watercraft being associated craft for the future. The Green Blue is actively working to
with adverse behavior in dolphins. However, the UKCEED get relevant information about sensitive areas placed into
(2000)12 reports suggest that sailing could cause more pilot books and (electronic) charts.
disturbances at a national level than powered craft for the
following reasons: The study shows that water sports do not disturb much the
Sailing is more widespread. natural environment and wildlife of a particular area. In a
country like the Philippines where it is surrounded by water,
Sailing occurs at most of the sites where bird
we can promote water sports in the Philippines and can
counting takes place.
boost up economy and tourism without disturbing our
Compared to power boating there are environment through a watersports facility.
higher levels of winter sailing activity.
Participants spend a large proportion of

time on or near the water.

1.6 Conceptual Framework:

Fig. 1
SITE/ ECONOMY WATER SPORTS IN
THE PHILIPPINES
Natural Setting of Site International Standards for

(Bodies of Water)
FACILITY
Water Sports
Case Study
Site Criteria
Reflection of
Culture Consultation
Site Visit
Economy/ People Architectural
Design
Interview
Iconic
Aquatic
Economic Water Sports Architecture
Opportunity/ Tourism
Employment
Building
Technology
Water Sports Popularization and

Promotion
Artificial
lakes, waves,
etc.

1.7 Research Methodology Batangas because it is a tourist spot destination and many
coastlines there have the potential for an international
1.7.1 Oral Investigation water sports event.
According to him, the use of technology in this kind of
Philippine Sports Commission Interview facility is very important. Though it seems like the Philippines
According to Head Engineer of Philippine Sports Commission is not yet ready for such technology and equipments, we
Engineering Department, Engr. Ellano, having a water sports should always consider this technology to our proposals and
complex is important to Philippine sports, tourism and think for the future.
economy of our country and added that it is appropriate
and suitable to have a water sports complex in the Philippine Aquatic Sports Association Interview/visit
Philippines simply because we are surrounded by water
and we are dominant in any water sports compared to The Philippine Aquatic Sport Commission suggested some
other countries. He mentioned that sports tourism is one of guidelines and strategies on designing a water sports
the best solutions to boost up our economy. Sports, including facility:
water sports, combined with tourism have helped the
economy of many countries like Vietnam, Malaysia, and Water spaces should meet the specific needs of the
some countries in Europe and America. following markets:
1. Recreation and leisure
According to him, a water sports complex is a challenging 2. Competition, training and fitness
facility or structure to design because of the different 3. Teaching
requirements and international standard of different water 4. Health and rehabilitation.
sports needed to be followed in the construction of the
facilities. He said that the best site for a facility like this is

Provide a mix of shallow leisure/recreation to be scheduled. Multipurpose sports centers must be

water with deeper programmable water space; designed for all sports, not just basketball, for
Depth of major water space area tend to be 1.0 to example, badminton and volleyball have specific
1.8 meters in the main pools and between 0.6 and height and lighting requirements.
0.9 meters in learners pools; Maximize flexibility by having multiple line
Include high revenue generating and markings, court configurations which can be changed
complementary activities such as a spa: Health and according to the needs of the activity, retractable
fitness centers complement aquatic centers and have seating which does not impinge on floor areas, and
been developed in a significant percentage of new accommodate both sporting activities and
indoor swimming pools. Ancillary services entertainment.
complementary to a leisure aquatic centre include Optimize all available floor space. For
sports medicine rooms, health and therapy services example, use mezzanine floors for spectators and as
and health and beauty services; multi-purpose areas. Similarly, design activity rooms
Ensure maximum flexibility to allow a to be multi-purpose, for meetings, programs such as
number of different programs and activities to occur Tai kwon do, and for social functions.
concurrently; Provide a minimum number of permanent
Develop indoor swimming pools with outdoor spectator seats to cater for regular activities.
areas for use in the warmer weather such as Retractable bleachers or portable seating may be
grassed barbecue/picnic area or outdoor water used for major events and exhibition matches,
space; ensure that adequate playing arenas are although these require extra floor space for
constructed. Check the quality of flooring and storage.
lighting, and ensure that the size, particularly length, Provide corporate boxes if the centre is to
width and height, are appropriate for the activities be used for elite sport or entertainment activities.

Corporate boxes can be court-side open boxes, or Have you or members of your household visited any
enclosed more elaborate permanent boxes. watersports during the past year?
Accommodate different levels of competition:
Generally there are three categories of
Competition: local or social, which is used for regular
day to day activities; provincial level competition; Fig. 2
and national or international standard events. The Approximately how often did you or members of your
local/social courts take up the least space while household visit watersports over the past 12 months
national/international events take up a larger area.
Consequently, there may need to be different
configurations of court space for different types of
activities.
Give special attention to the type of
flooring: Numerous multi-purpose products are
available that meets the needs of elite sport, and
satisfy other activities, such as entertainment or Fig.
trade shows. 2.1
Maximize the use of court space. Divider nets Overall how would you rate the physical condition of ALL
can be used to separate playing areas, to allow the watersports you have visited?
more than one activity to occur simultaneously.
Survey 64 Responses (see Appendix)

Please indicate if YOU or any member of your

HOUSEHOLD has a need for each of the recreation
PROGRAMS listed.
Fig
2.2
Would you be interested to visit a world class Watersports
in the Philippines in the future?
Fig.
2.5
What facilities would you like to find in the proposed
WATERSPORTS?
Fig. 2.3
Would you be interested to learn watersports through
classes and/or camps?
Fig. 2.4

Fig.
2.7
Fig. 1.7.2 Archival Investigation
2.6
From the following list, please check ALL the potential indoor List of Water Sports (for the proposed project)
spaces you and members of your household would use.
Majority of the facilities that will be provided in the
project are the following water sports and aquatic sports:

What better way is there to explore the wealth of marine Waterskiing

life in Philippine waters than to go scuba diving or
snorkeling? Snorkeling is easier to learn, involving mainly
swimming just below the surface of the water with a simple
mouth-breathing apparatus and mask, allowing the
snorkeler to get a good view of the underwater world. But
for longer, more intensive exploration of the depths of the
sea, you have to learn scuba diving, which allows for longer
underwater expeditions with a portable supply of oxygen.
The popular beach and lake resorts of the Philippines have
Kayaking long offered facilities for waterskiing, a sport which involves
being towed on skis by a motorboat or a cable.
Wakeboarding
Another enjoyable way to sightsee on the water while

getting a bit of exercise is kayaking. It involves paddling a
light craft on the sea or a lake. Paddling quietly is not only
relaxing, it allows one to observe the natural environment
with very little disturbance of the wildlife. For the more
adventurous, it may also be done on rough water.

Similar to waterskiing, wakeboarding involves riding on a

board to which both feet are bound while being towed
across the water by a boat or cable. By riding on the wake,
the wakeboarder may fly up and perform stunts in the air.
Wakeskating is similar except the feet are not bound to the
board.
Rowing Swimming is an Olympic Game where Filipinos took

dominance.
Water polo is a team sport played in water.

Synchronized swimming is a hybrid of
swimming,
Water aerobics is aerobics in the water
Water gymnastics is gymnastics in the water
The Philippines takes pride in its excellent dragonboat
rowing teams, which have brought home medals from the
Southeast Asian (SEA) Games. Rowing teams can often be
seen practicing in Manila Bay. Those who enjoy propelling a List of All Water Sports (some can be included in the
boat through muscle power can easily find fellow oarsmen proposed projects)
in the Philippines.
In the water
Swimming
Swimming includes pool swimming and open
water swimming

Triathlon is usually a combination of Underwater hockey is hockey played under

swimming, cycling and running water with short wooden curved sticks and a heavy
Modern pentathlon includes pe fencing, puck.Players wear diving masks, snorkels, and fins,
pistol shooting, swimming, a show jumping course on and must surface to breathe while team mates
horseback, and cross country running continue the game on the pool bottom.
Rescue swimming is swimming with the goal Underwater rugby is rugby played under
to rescue other swimmers or the practice thereof water. Two teams try to score goals by sending a
gymnastics, and ballet. slightly negatively buoyant ball into the opponents'
Snorkeling is the practice of swimming at the goal, which is situated on the bottom of the pool.
surface (typically of the sea) being equipped with a Underwater photography, including
mask and a short tube called a snorkel. underwater videography, is photography done
Diving off springboards or off platforms under water. Numerous contests worldwide are
Synchronized diving arranged every year. Digital cameras have
Waboba is played with a waboba ball on revolutionized how many divers participate.
beaches or in pools.
Lunge Board you lunge as you wake board. On the water
Under water Skurfing is where the participant "skurfs"

behind a boat on a surfboard
Scuba diving is swimming under water using Barefoot water skiing is waterskiing with no
a (self contained) breathing apparatus skiis
Free-diving is the aim to maximize the depth Boating is the use of boats
dived using no breathing apparatus

Bodyboarding is similar to surfing, but the Stand up paddle surfing a surf style board
board is smaller and the person (normally) lies down with a paddle, used in flatwater or waves
on the board Surfing downhill on ocean waves or artificial
Canoeing waves in an artificial wave pool
Fishing is the recreation and sport of White Water Rafting
catching fish Wakeboarding is similar to water skiing, but
Flowboarding using only one board attached to the feet
Jet Ski Wake skating is similar to wakeboarding,
Kayaking but the board is not attached to the feet
Kite surfing on flat water using a kite for Wakesurfing is a mix between
propulsion wakeboarding and surfing
Kiteboating Water skiing is using skis to slide over the
Parasailing where a person is towed behind water while being pulled by a boat or other device
a vehicle (usually a boat) while attached to a Windsurfing on flat water using wind for
parachute propulsion in combination with sails
Rafting Yachting sailing on yachts, daysailing,
Rowing cruising or Yacht racing
Sailing using the wind for propulsion
Sit-down hydrofoiling is riding on the water
with a hydrofoil attached to a ski
Summary of Number of Athletes- PSC Fig. 3
Skimboarding is a boardsport in which a
board is used to ride on an incoming wave

Note: The number of athletes and coaches in this record is

the only number recognized athletes and coaches by
Philippine Sports Commission, excluding the number of
athletes and coaches from different National Sports
Association.
Types of Recreational Activities that can be included in

the proposed poject:
These could be classified as:
Field sports
Summary of Number of Coaches- PSC Fig. 3.1
Court games
Invasion games
Target games
Combat games
Games involving ritual
Field sports Sports such as hunting, shooting and fishing

are associated with finding food and survival but also the
enjoyment of the chase. The fox was thought of as master of
the environment and so a challenge. These sports have also

been associated with the upper class, although the working Combat games Combat sports were part of training for
classes found a similar satisfaction in coarse fishing and in war and the preparation of Knights. Jousts/tournaments
animal baiting. were part of this preparation. Young men were trained in
events such as wrestling and gymnastics. The broadsword
Court games Court games originally reflected culture and lance were knightly weapons. The freeman had the
sophisticated games were thought to represent sophisticated long bow and the peasant relied on the quarterstaff. The
culture. Such games include real tennis, fives, rackets, squash Knights hunted as sport whilst the peasant hunted for food.
and lawn tennis. The sports are non-contact and mainly The countryside was a place of recreation as well as a
individual contests. Because of the sophistication and source of food.
expense, these games were often confined to the upper
class. Games involving ritual These games include baiting
animals, such as bears and bulls, with dogs. The bull was
Invasion games These games, such as rugby and seen as bad, man showed his supremacy over the animal,
football, are warlike games, where the object is to invade and everybody could own a dog. Baiting the bull before
the opponents territory. The origin of these games lies in slaughter was often a legal requirement. This is another
mob games in which one part of a community played example of sport reflecting the society in which it exists
against another part, usually to defend or steal something. but this sport shows an uncivilized society limited in its
development.
Target games These games involve the use of
marksmanship and include sports such as archery, with its 1.7.3 Case Studies
clear link to war/defence and also sports such as golf and
bowls. The urge to aim and hit targets is almost innate in 1.7.3.1 Foreign
humans.

Labuan International Sea Sports Complex

Fig. 4
A world class water sports center Labuan International Sea Sports Complex is part of the
Labuan International Sea Sports Complex is located at the Labuan waterfront beautification project. Its objective is to
waterfront area along Jalan Tanjung Purun. It is within close create a world-class water sports center and to develop
proximity to Labuan town center. The complex covers an more attractive places of interests in line with the Malaysian
area of 5.91 acres. It was a project under the 7th Malaysia Prime Ministers vision to turn Labuan into a major island
plan and built at a total cost of RM25 million. destination.
Fig. 4.1

Fig. 4.2 Fig. 4.3

The improved infrastructure and facilities provided by this The Labuan International Sea Sports Complex is designed
complex is expected to enhance Labuans appeal to attract with three prominent structures connected to a main viewing
more tourists and investors. The modern amenities will plaza. Every building houses a specific activity. Each of
enable the island to host more international sea sports these imposing towers is an integral part of a large modern
events and championships. water sports complex. The architecture offers a dramatic
expression of nature, tradition and modern functionality. The
complex houses the main sea sports centre, an
administrative block, a marine biology museum, souvenir
shops and eateries

The Museum of Marine Biology is sited together with the

Administrative block in a separate building. It takes the
shape of a semi circle fronting the sea with an open gallery.
A large part of the building space is used by the Maritime
Museum. While the rest of the space is for administrative
use such as meeting room and office spaces for sports
bodies. The podium level contains comfortable resting room
for VIP and additional gallery space for museum.
Fig. 4.4
Sea Sports Centre
This is a center for major sea sports activities and a venue
for carnival. There is a large boat storage area that allows
direct access to the beach front. There are also facilities for
changing room, rest area and general preparation. It serves
as a permanent exhibition area for all type of sea sports
activities. It connects to the many leisure walks on the
beachfront.
Fig.4.5
Museum of Marine Biology

Main plaza At Dutch Water Dreams, a unique Olympic-level white

The main plaza is circular in shape. It is equipped with an water sports complex in The Netherlands - Europe, an RTLS
all weather windbreaker structure to withstand any adverse enabled visitor tracking and video system has been
weather conditions. It serves as a centre stage to launch and implemented. This solution identifies and locates visitors of
view all type of sea sports events. this sports complex and makes personalized films of the
visitors in specific action zones. Mieloo & Alexander was
Handicraft Center and Eateries responsible for implementing this solution. Since the
The handicraft centre and eateries are located on the west environment is high demanding (both indoor and outdoor
wing of the complex. The many fast food stall and small wth high levels of humidity, water, snow and high and low
eateries selling local fares, plus the many souvenir and temperatures) Mieloo & Alexander selected a proven
handicraft shops, make this place a hive of activities. It is a technology: Real Time Locating System (RTLS). This RTLS
popular stopover for visiting tourists. system enables accurate localization of the visitors in the
specific areas where video footage of their actions are
Dutch Water Dreams by Mieloo & Alexander
made. These films are of great benefit to both
Dutch Water Dreams and the visitor: it is fun and besides
that, the customers can improve their skills by watching their
recorded rides.
Fig. 5

System) and advanced digital video tracking.
Every visitor entering the Dutch Water Dreams complex

receives an active RFID tag, which is placed in a band on
the upper arm. The position of the tag, i.e. visitor, is located
by the RTLS solution as visitors go through the sports
complex at Dutch Water Dreams. The tags subsequently
trigger various cameras in specific zones to start recording.
Fig. 5.1 At the end the day each visitor can download the movie
Project assignment: from the internet and enjoy the experience once more.
RTLS enabled visitor tracking and video system at Dutch M&As approach and role Mieloo & Alexander had to deal
Water Dreams at Dutch Water Dreams (DWD), a unique with rather special demands, because of the environment of
Olympic-level white water sports complex in The this unique white water sports complex. The RTLS solution
Netherlands - delivered by Mieloo & Alexander had to work indoor and
Europe, everyone can experience indoor surfing, body in an outdoor environment, with high levels of humidity,
boarding and the rush of white water. The DWD white water, snow and high and low temperatures.
water course is based on the design currently being built for
the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games. The white water course is Mieloo & Alexander delivered the RTLS solution providing
300 meters in length, 20 meters wide and drops 5 meters the accurate location information of visitors in the complex.
top to bottom. To further enhance the experience of this This locating data of visitors is further used to trigger and
white water sports complex, a Visitor Tracking Video control the video system throughout the complex. Mieloo &
System was delivered; leveraging various technologies such Alexander further developed a middleware solution, which
as, RFID enabled RTLS technology (Real Time Locating operates real-time between the RTLS- and the video system.

After enjoying this unique experience, the tags are handed Situated at the West Sea Cofferdam of the High Island
over by the visitor to the Dutch Water Dreams staff at the Reservoir within Sai Kung Country Park, Chong Hing Water
counter. In the mean time the video system edits all the Sports Centre offers a magnificent view of the countryside.
video footage in an automated process and stores the film Its vast artificial lake is ideal for water sports activities. The
enabling the customers to download the film with his or her Centre is also a perfect place for day and tent camping.
name and the password printed on the ticket. Since it is located within Sai Kung Country Park, campers
can feast their eyes on the beauty of nature and the
scenery of High Island Reservoir as well as enjoy a sense of
tranquility by getting away from the hustle and bustle of
the city.
Fig. 5.2
Dutch Water Dreams is a unique Olympic-level white water
sports complex. It was founded with the intention of being
the first indoor surfing facility in the Netherlands.
Everybody can experience indoor surfing, kayaking,
rafting, body boarding and the rush of white water.
The white water course is based on the design of the
Olympic course in Beijing (China) and offers top
international athletes a unique facility for training.
Fig. 6
Chong Hing Water Sports Centre

A wide range of water sports equipment such as sailing Water Sports Activities
dinghies, windsurfing boards and kayaks/canoes is The Centre provides a wide range of water sports
provided at the Centre for holders of the relevant equipment including single, double and recreational kayaks,
certificates to hire. For novices without any qualifications in Canadian and surf canoes, color boats, sampans, pedal-
water sports but are able to swim at least 50 meters, they driven boats, windsurfing boards and sailing dinghies.
may hire other water sports equipment such as recreational
kayaks, color boats, sampans and pedal-driven boats. Its Apart from providing training courses on sailing, windsurfing
land-based facilities include an archery range, a basketball and kayaking/canoeing, the Centre also organizes
court, a multi-purpose lawn area, a volleyball field, a package training courses or fun days for groups and
campfire site, a barbecue site, an assembly hall for organizations. Holders of the relevant certificates may hire
recreational activities, sitting-out areas and a kitchen. the sailing dinghies, windsurfing boards or kayaks/canoes
for self-practice.
Day Camping Activities

The land-based activities provided by the Centre include
archery, ball games (basketball, football, volleyball and
badminton) and board games, kite flying, orienteering,
barbecue and campfire gathering.
Tent Camping Activities

Campers may spend their night outdoors by camping at the
spacious lawn of the campsite. Apart from providing tents,
mattresses and sleeping bags for campers, the Centre may
Fig. 6.1

also organize special evening programs for campers' Water Sports Centre unovo
enjoyment. The Water Sports Centre unovo is an artificial whitewater
slalom course in Slovakia, on an island in the Danube river,
14 km southeast of Bratislava, near the village of unovo. It
is powered by flow diversion from the unovo dam. Since
1997, it has hosted a full schedule of local, regional, and
international competitions, including the 1997 Slalom World
Cup.
Fig. 7
Course Description
The Centre has two parallel whitewater channels; the drop

is the same for both channels, 6.6 meters (22 ft). The left
channel is 356 meters long, with a 1.9% slope of 19 m/km

(98 ft/mile) and a stream flow of 7 to 22 m/sec (247 to course was inundated, but the buildings and most of the
777 ft/sec). The right channel is 460 meters long, with a island remained above water.
1.4% slope of 14 m/km (76 ft/mile) and a stream flow of 7
to 12 m/sec (247 to 424 ft/sec). When both channels are When the Water Sports Centre operates at full capacity,
watered, the left channel streamflow is 15 m/sec (530 with the two whitewater channels carrying a combined total
ft/sec) and the right is 7 m/sec (247 ft/sec). of 22 m/sec (777 ft/sec), it siphons off between 9% and
4.5% of the river's normal flow of 250 to 600 m/sec
The two channels are connected at two crossover points, (8,830 to 21,200 ft/sec).
making a total of five alternative routes from start to finish.
From a start in the left channel, there are three ways to run Full course operation represents a 4-Megawatt sacrifice of
the course; from a right channel start there are two. Any run electricity production at the Gabkovo dam 30 km farther
which ends up in the left channel includes a sheer final drop downstream. Although the water flowing through the slalom
called "Niagara." course represents only 1.4 Megawatts of energy, if it

stayed in the reservoir until it reached the Gabkovo dam,
A conveyor-belt boat lift carries paddlers in their boats up with a higher vertical drop, its energy potential would be
to a 225-meter-long return canal on a level with the start greater. This fact makes the course more expensive to
pool. operate, in energy terms, than a similar pump-powered
facility.
The Water Sports Centre unovo was built in 1996 on an
island near the mid-river end of the unovo dam, a flood Fig. 7.1
control feature of the unovo to Gabkovo dam system.
The island is high enough to remain dry during floods. In
March 2002 and again the same August, the whitewater

Fig. 8
1.7.3.2 Local Location
The Camsur Water sports Complex is located within the
Camsur Water Sports Complex
Provincial Capitol Complex, Cadlan, Pili, Camarines Sur. The
Design province of Camarines Sur, situated in southeastern part of
The Camsur Watersports Comlex is the first world-class Luzon is found in the Philippines, Southeast Asia.
watersports complex in the Philippines and in Asia. CWC
aims to bring cable skiing to a whole new level and attract From Asia, Europe or the USA, fly to Manila, Philippines
water sports enthusiasts from all over the world with its top (NAIA or Centennial 2 Airports) and take a 35 minute
of the line facilities and relaxing environment. This six (6)- domestic flight via Philippine Airlines to Naga Airport, Pili.
hectare complex, with its 6-point cable ski system, is sure to The Camsur Water sports Complex is a 3-minute or 1.5
draw guests, riders and spectators by the thousands. kilometer drive from the Naga Airport. If youre up for a
Because of good weather conditions, cable skiing in the road trip, air-conditioned and ordinary buses ply the 8-hour
park can be done all year round. route daily to and from Manila

Fig. 8.1 Fig. 8.2
Ride on Water Other facilities
Cable skiing is simply water-skiing where the skier is pulled Free use of basic equipment (beginner
by an overhead cable suspended 8-12 meters above water wakeboards, water skis and knee boards) for those
surface by specifically designed pylons. The cables run new to the sport.
counter clockwise around the lake. It is powered by a

Free basic and safety instruction by CWCs
variable speed electric motor which can maintain speeds
resident instructors and operators.
between 20 - 65 km/h.
World class obstacle courses designed to
challenge even the most advanced riders yet safe

enough for the brave ones who dare to try tricks for bustles of the city yet still remain connected to the
the very first time necessities of the world.
Gear up for the ride with the cable parks Accommodations within walking distance
Pro Shop which is equipped with everything a rider from the park are also readily available for small
needs to pursue the desired sport. or big groups.
Besides the ramps and obstacles, the park

has also set aside a beach volleyball area and a
pool for those who would like to take a break from
the boards but still want to keep bathing under the
sun.
A Clubhouse is built for the guests dining

area and for live entertainment. Guests can also chill
at the Clubhouse and enjoy round of billiards, darts
and foosball.
An elevated spectator area is placed beside

the lake so that the guests will have a better view of Fig. 8.3
the exhibitions.
Accommodations
The park also boasts of Wi-Fi capability Accommodations within walking distance from the Camsur
which enables the guests to take a break from the Water sports Complex are readily available for anyone
that wishes to visit the cable park for a weekend or week-

long getaway. The Ecovillage, The Governors Mansion, The study will focus on promoting water sports in the
Cabanas, Containers and the luxury villas and suites also Philippines trough architectural design and building
located within the Provincial Capitol Complex are all a technology. The study will also include:
stones throw away from the cable park and may be
booked for very reasonable prices. The rooms are spacious Advanced and modern technology being
and equipped with cable-ready 29-inch television sets, air- used in other countries for water sports like artificial
conditioning, and hot/cold showers. Restaurants, guest lake (see Appendix)
lounges, swimming pools and Wi-Fi capability are also Training Center for water sports
available in any of these areas for guests to enjoy. Aquatic architecture
Water sports tourism and economic impact
Weaknesses
Impacts of water sports to the environment.
The Camsur Water Sports Complex is quite far away from Different Water Sports (to be
Metro Manila which is the central business district of the accommodated by the proposed project: Diving and
Philippines and is the location of the Ninoy International Snorkeling, Kayaking, Wakeboarding, wakeskating,
Airport. Camarines Sur also is a known province that suffers Rowing, Swimming
storms and typhoons during the middle of every year. The
1.9 Definition of terms:
facility is only for water board sports like wake boarding
and wake skating. Water sports- sports that involve bodies of water.
1.8 Scope and Limitation of the Study Tourism- is travel for recreational, leisure or business
purposes.

Sports tourism- refers to travel which involves either PASA- Philippine Aquatic Sports Association
viewing or participating in a sporting event staying apart
from their usual environment. Sport Tourism is the fastest Building Technology- also known as Architectural
growing sector in the global travel industry and equates to engineering, is the application of engineering principles and
$600 Billion a year. technology to building design and construction.
Aquatic architecture- an architecture which involves water Iconic/ cultural icon- can be a symbol, logo, picture, name,
as site, concept or inspiration. face, person, building or other image that is readily
recognized and generally represents an object or concept
Science of Sport- is the study of different sports. it involves with great cultural significance to a wide cultural group.
training, demonstration and classroom lectures to further
understand everything about sports. International Standards for sports- are standards
developed by international standards organizations for
PSC- Philippine Sports Commission, was created through water sports.
Republic Act No. 6847 in 1990 to serve as the "sole policy-
making and coordinating body of all amateur sports Recreation- is an activity of leisure, leisure being
development programs and institutions in the Philippines". Its discretionary time. The "need to do something for
primary function is "to provide the leadership, formulate the recreation" is an essential element of human biology and
policies and set the priorities and directions of all national psychology. Recreational activities are often done for
sports promotion and development, particularly giving enjoyment, amusement, or pleasure and are considered to
emphasis on grassroots participation". be "fun".
POC- Philippine Olympic Committee is the National Olympic

Committee of the Philippines.

Philippines is an archipelagic country surrounded by bodies

of water and thousand miles of coastline. The concept is
Chapter 2 basically embracing estuary environment or aquatic
environment through architectural engineering and design. It
Research Focus gives a unique synergy and iconic architecture for a water
sports complex situated a coastline.
To be able to achieve the main goal of the project this

SPACE FRAME STRUCTURE CONCEPT IN ARCHITECTURAL water sports complex should possess such advanced
DESIGN AND BUILDING TECHNOLOGY building technology, construction engineering, aesthetics and
sustainability as well.
2.1 Rationale
2.2 Discussion of Principles and Relevance to the Project
The concept is particularly looking for the synergy that
emerges when innovations are combined. Innovations can Space frame
stem from different disciplines such as architecture, building
technology, material science and construction engineering A growing interest in space frame structures has been
such as Space Frame Structure. By experimenting with these witnessed worldwide over the last half century. The search
solutions in research by design methodology, it delivers for new structural forms to accommodate large unobstructed
high quality of innovative solutions, both from an areas has always been the main objective of architects and
architectural and a technological point of view. engineers. With the advent of new building techniques and
construction materials, space frames frequently provide the

right answer and satisfy the requirements for lightness, Some important factors that inuence the rapid
economy, and speedy construction. Significant progress has development of the space frame can be cited as follows.
been made in the process of the development of the space First, the search for large indoor space has always been the
frame. A large amount of theoretical and experimental focus of human activities. Consequently, sports tournaments,
research programs was carried out by many universities cultural performances, mass assemblies, and exhibitions can
and research institutions in various countries. As a result, a be held under one roof. The modern production and the
great deal of useful information has been disseminated and needs of greater operational efciency also created
fruitful results have been put into practice. demand for large space with a minimum interference from
internal supports. The space frame provides the benet that
In the past few decades, the proliferation of the space the interior space can be used in a variety of ways and thus
frame was mainly due to its great structural potential and is ideally suited for such requirements.
visual beauty. New and imaginative applications of space
frames are being demonstrated in the total range of Space frames are highly statically indeterminate and their
building types, such as sports arenas, exhibition pavilions, analysis leads to extremely tedious computation if by hand.
assembly halls, transportation terminals, airplane hangars, The difculty of the complicated analysis of such systems
workshops, and warehouses. They have been used not only contributed to their limited use. The introduction of electronic
on long-span roofs, but also on mid- and short-span computers has radically changed the whole approach to the
enclosures as roofs, floors, exterior walls, and canopies. analysis of space frames. By using computer programs, it is
Many interesting projects have been designed and possible to analyze very complex space structures with
constructed all over the world using a variety of great accuracy and less time involved.
configurations.
Lastly, the space frame also has the problem of connecting
a large number of members (sometimes up to 20) in space

through different angles at a single point. The emergence of Definition

several connecting methods of proprietary systems has A space frame or space structure is a truss-like, lightweight
made great improvement in the construction of the space rigid structure constructed from interlocking struts in a
frame, which offered simple and efcient means for making geometric pattern. Space frames can be used to span large
connection of members. The exact tolerances required by areas with few interior supports. Like the truss, a space
these jointing systems can be achieved in the fabrication of frame is strong because of the inherent rigidity of the
the members and joints triangle; flexing loads (bending moments) are transmitted
as tension and compression loads along the length of each
strut.
Fig. 9
The simplest form of space frame is a horizontal slab of
interlocking square pyramids built from aluminum or tubular

steel struts. In many ways this looks like the horizontal jib of Basic Concepts
a tower crane repeated many times to make it wider. A
stronger purer form is composed of interlocking tetrahedral The space frame can be formed either in a flat or a curved
pyramids in which all the struts have unit length. More surface. The earliest form of space frame structures is a
technically this is referred to as an isotropic vector matrix or single layer grid. By adding intermediate grids and
in a single unit width an octet truss. More complex variations including rigid connecting to the joist and girder framing
change the lengths of the struts to curve the overall structure system, the single layer grid is formed. The major
or may incorporate other geometrical shapes. characteristic of grid construction is the Omni-directional
spreading of the load as opposed to the linear transfer of
the load in an ordinary framing system. Since such load
transfer is mainly by bending, for larger spans, the bending
stiffness is increased most efficiently by going to a double
layer system. The load transfer mechanism of curved surface
space frame is essentially different from the grid system
that is primarily membrane-like action. The concept of a
space frame can be best explained by the following
example
Construction
Fig. 9.1
Space frames are a common feature in modern construction;
they are often found in large roof spans in modernist
commercial and industrial buildings.

Notable examples of buildings based on space frames crust. It makes up about 8% by weight of the Earth's solid
include: surface. Aluminium metal is too reactive chemically to occur
natively. Instead, it is found combined in over 270 different
Stansted airport in London, by Foster and minerals. The chief ore of aluminium is bauxite.
Partners
Bank of China Tower and the Louvre Aluminium is remarkable for the metal's low density and for
Pyramid, by I. M. Pei its ability to resist corrosion due to the phenomenon of
Rogers Centre by Rod Robbie and Michael passivation. Structural components made from aluminium
Allan and its alloys are vital to the aerospace industry and are
McCormick Place East in Chicago important in other areas of transportation and structural
Eden Project in Cornwall, England materials. The most useful compounds of aluminium, at least
Globen, Sweden - Dome with diameter of on a weight basis, are the oxides and sulfates.
110 m, (1989)
Biosphere 2 in Oracle, Arizona Despite its prevalence in the environment, aluminium salts
are not known to be used by any form of life. In keeping
with its pervasiveness, it is well tolerated by plants and
animals.[6] Because of its prevalence, potential biological
Aluminium roles, beneficial and otherwise, for aluminium compounds
are of continuing interest.
is a silvery white member of the boron group of chemical
elements. It has the symbol Al, and its atomic number is 13. Design methods
It is not soluble in water under normal circumstances.
Aluminium is the third most abundant element (after oxygen Space frames are typically designed using a rigidity
and silicon), and the most abundant metal, in the Earth's matrix. The special characteristic of the stiffness matrix in an

architectural space frame is the independence of the They provide a great flexibility in the
angular factors. If the joints are sufficiently rigid, the selection of support locations and allow applying for
angular deflections can be neglected, simplifying the different geometrical shapes / areas.
calculations. The design / manufacture / installation
process is completed in a very short interval due to
Advantages of Space Frame Systems the use of prefabricated components. It gives a big
opportunity to the customer to start his production
Space frame systems are three-dimensional structures which
Transporting to far distances is provided
are constructed by connecting straight tubular struts to each
easily due to the use of prefabricated components.
others with the use of solid spherical hubs. These systems
Space frame systems are lighter than
carry loads by axial forces. The conic parts are welded to
traditional steel and reinforced concrete structures.
the strut edges and the struts connecting by spherical hubs. .
Therefore, it provides significant economy in
Some of the advantages of space frames are described foundation costs.
below: Space frame systems are the most useful
structures for the earth-quake areas due to their
Because of the space frame systems are light unit weight.
three-dimensional structures which work in two It is not necessary to cover by hung ceilings
directions, for large spans it provides economical because of its aesthetic appearance.
solutions. Additional structures to support the heating,
It is possible to cover spans until 100 m. ventilating, electrical and other systems are not
without column by using space frame systems. required for space frame structures.

Because of the aesthetic attribute, space In the preliminary stage of planning a space frame to cover
frames are very suitable for glass or polycarbonate a specic building, a number of factors should be studied
skylights. and evaluated before proceeding to structural analysis and
It provides various alternative solutions in design. These include not only structural adequacy and
architectural areas for complex geometrical shapes functional requirements, but also the aesthetic effect
(pyramid, triangle, dome, barrel vault etch.) desired.
In its initial phase, structural design consists of choosing the

general form of the building and the type of space frame
appropriate to this form. Since a space frame is assembled
from straight, linear elements connected at nodes, the
geometrical arrangement of the elementssurface shape,
number of layers, grid pattern, etc.needs to be studied
carefully in the light of various pertinent requirements.
The geometry of the space frame is important factors to be

planned which will inuence both the bearing capacity and
weight of the structure. The module size is developed from
the overall building dimensions, while the depth of the grid
(in case of a double layer), the size of cladding, and the
position of supports will also have a pronounced effect upon
Fig. 9.2 it. For a curved surface, the geometry is also related to the
curvature or, more specically, to the rise of the span. A
Preliminary Planning Guidelines

compromise between these various aspects usually has to be At the preliminary stage of design, choosing the type of
made to achieve a satisfactory solution. space frame has to be closely related to the constructional
technology. The space frames do not have such sequential
In a space frame, connecting joints play an important role, order of erection for planar structures and require special
both functional and aesthetic, which is derived from their consideration on the method of construction. Usually a
rationality during construction and after completion. Since complete false work has to be provided so that the structure
joints have a decisive effect on the strength and stiffness of can be assembled in the high place. Alternatively, the
the structure and compose around 20 to 30% of the total structure can be assembled on the ground, and certain
weight, joint design is critical to space frame economy and techniques can be adopted to lift the whole structure, or its
safety. There are a number of proprietary systems that are large part, to the nal position.
used for space frame structures. A system should be
selected on the basis of quality, cost, and erection
efficiency. In addition, custom-designed space frames have
been developed, especially for long span roofs. Regardless
of the type of space frame, the essence of any system is the
jointing system.
FFig. 9.3 Fig. 9.4

Relevance to the project income generating sector for many countries like the
Philippines.
The proposed project will need much bigger spaces due to
the elements and substructures (see Appendix) that the An iconic facility in a estuary environment synergizing with
building requires. Space frame structure is the best solution such building technology and architectural design will not
to that problem. Space frames are light which is perfect in a only help boost our sinking economy but also gives
coastal environment and can lessen the worries and concerns contribution to our architecture and culture showing to the
on negative factors such as stability and corrosion. world that in the field of architecture and building
technology, we are not left behind.
A space frame structure is a sustainable structure because of
its feature; it provides natural ventilation and lighting for
the structure. It also gives aesthetic value and iconic entity to
the architectural point of view to the structure. Chapter 3
Architectural Programming Data

2.3 Recommendation
The proponent recommends that a facility like water sports

3.1 Site Selection
complex should have an advance infrastructure which uses
modern equipment and modern technologies. Having a state 3.1.1 Setting of the Criteria
of the art and iconic facility can help attract tourist and help
our economy. Sports tourism is the fastest growing and Economic Status of the Site (15 %)
Have less employment opportunity

The basic job of the people is fishing

Access to the International Airport is still important though
The proposed project aims to give opportunity for accessibility is somewhat not a problem today because of
unemployed people of a community. Fisher men have the modern transportation.
best potential for water sports. The proposed project will
provide a learning center and training center for fisher men. For International Water Sports Standards (40%)
The site should be able to satisfy the needs
Natural Setting (30%) and standards of a world class Water Sports
Should be a tourist spot destination/zone Complex
Coastline/estuary environment The water/ ocean should be stable and
Should have clear water acquire required depth
Should have clean coastline The soil should be capable for a manmade
lake
Sports tourism is one of the aims of the proposed project. It
would be unthinkable without the natural beauty of a The most important of all is that, the site should satisfy the
environment/coastline. needs and requirements of a world class Water sports
Complex. One of the aims of the proposal is for the
Philippines to host International water sports events.
Near an International Airport (15%)
At least 2-3 hours drive from Metro Manila/
NAIA
3.1.2 Description of Site Options

Options Economic Status of Natural Setting Near an Airport (15 For International Water Total
the site (15%) (30%) %) Sports Standards
(40%)
Batangas Number one source Clear water and 2-3 hours drive from `It has different 88 %
of income of local clean white sand Metro Manila (8%) coastlines and is
people is fishing beach and tourist suggested by the
(15%) spot destination Philippine Sports
(30%) Commission as a Site
for Water Sports and
supported by local
government but not for
surfing (35%)
Zambales Number one source Clear water and 3-4 hours drive from `It has different 95 %
of income of local clean white sand Near Subic coastlines and is
people is fishing beach and tourist International Airport suggested by the
(15%) spot destination (15%) Philippine Sports
(30%) Commission as a Site
for Water Sports and
supported by local
government but not for
surfing (35%)

La Union Number one source Clear Water and 6-7 hours drive from For surfing only (10%) 55 %
of income of local surfing capital of the Metro Manila (5%)
people is fishing north (25%)
(15%)
Fig. 10

3.1.3 Site Selection At present, SBFZ can be accessed by air through its airport
(Subic Bay International Airport), by water though its
Subic Bay Freeport Zone, Zambales seaport and by land through major highways, roads and
bridges. The highway Linkages maintain Subics economic
and social connections with the rest of the country, the
seaport and airport also provide international passenger
and freight services.
Transportation Network Fig. 12
Fig.11
3.1.4 Site Analysis

Power Supply
Transportation

SBFZs electricity is supplied by the National Power Grid. Solid Waste

One important generating facility was built inside Subic Bay
by Enron Subic Power Corp., which built a 116 MW power Solid waste management is performed by SBMA. Daily
plant in 1994 under the BOT Law. Enron SPC also operates collection of the solid waste is being done by a fleet of
the smaller 31.5 MW power of the Freeport since 1992. collection vehicle. Water is disposed of at a sanitary landfill
The distribution of electric power service is undertaken by located in the Subic Gateway District. This site is scheduled
SBMA which maintains a large sub-station near Remy to be replaced by the year 2006 with a new facility
Athlete Field. The electric distribution utility Is operated by located adjacent to Tipo road.
SBMA, and is planned to be privatized in 2002.

Telecommunication
In June 1994, American Telephone and Telegraph Co. of
Water and Sewerage the US and the Philippine Long Distance C. entered into a
joint venture agreement with SMBA to upgrade the
SBFZs water supply system and sewage treatment system telecommunication services for the Freeport. The 25 year
was constructed by US navy. During the US Naval Presence, agreement created Subic Telecom which provides
the water supply capacity per day was 11.5 million gallons. telecommunication services within the Freeport and links it to
On 24th November 1996, Subic Water and Sewerage the international network/ Rimsat, an international
Company, Inc., a consortium composed of D.M. Consunji, communications giant also signed a la-year agreement with
Biwater PLC of UK and the Olongapo Water District took SMBA to provide commercial satellite services to Asia and
ownership the water supply and sewerage system. Now other points of the world through Microwave technology.
Subic Water supplies 294 million gallons of potable water Cable television services are also provided by Freeport
per day. Cable, Inc. SBFZ is also has and access of wireless

communication services such as Globe, Smart and Sun

Cellular connections.
Subic Bay Freeport Environment
You can experience Subic even when just driving around in

the Subic Bay Area. As you go through road towards
Ocean Adventure or JEST, you may see groups of monkeys
beside the road. Also where the big trees hover, you can
see large fruit bats hanging around and sleeping by the
day. Even exotic colored birds are everywhere in Subic
Forest Area, you just have to keep your eyes open.
Physical Structure Fig 12.1

Micro Climatic Analysis which is the wettest month on the year. An extreme minimum
of 2,461 mm was recorded once in the past.
Throughout the Philippines, the southwest monsoon winds
prevail from June to mid-October, which bring warm moist Zone Analysis Fig. 12.2
and unstable air production mostly cloudy skies as well as
intermittent showers and scattering thunderstorms. During the The site is a Tourism Zone Area
period, tropical storms/ typhoons pass over or within close

proximity of Luzon Islands twice a month on average. SBFs
general climatic type is characterized by a relatively dry
season from January to April and wet during July, August
and September, through November. The mean temperature
is 25 degrees centigrade. The average minimum
temperature is 20 degrees centigrade while the average
maximum temperature is 30 degrees centigrade. The
temperature slowly increases and reaches their peak in
May during the summer months. Subic Bay has tropical
monsoons climate similar to other areas of Luzon. A weather
station recording daily rainfall, temperature, humidity and
wind speed and direction is operated at Cubi Point by the
PAGASA. During the southwest monsoon season, 2,641 mm
of rainfall is recorded in the five months at Cubi point,
where the average annual rainfall is 3,386 mm. monthly
rainfall sometimes reaches over 1,000 mm in July or August,

Terrain Fig. 12.3 In terms of slope categories, around 8.76 % or 4,697.81

hectares and 6.08% or 3,310.57 hectares of the total
The site is relatively flat. SBFZs land area fall under the 0-3% and 3-8% slope
classes respectively. These areas characterized as irrigable
and highly suitable for agricultural, urban, industrial and
other related uses. Approximately 15,212.11 hectares or
27.86% of the total land area is under the 8-18% slope
category, which is characterized as suitable to seasonal and
permanent crops. The slope areas with 18-30% cover 10,
136.62 hectares or 18.56%, this slope is described as hilly
to dissected mountainous areas and is considered marginal
lands. Slope classification30-50% cover 17,352.32
hectares or 31.77% of the total land area and the slope
classification greater than 50% covers 3,633.52 hectares.
Areas under this category are characterized as rough,
highly, and dissected mountains.
SWOP Analysis
Strength- the site is a tourism spot destination. It is near

different tourist spot destination in Subic and an
International Airport. It is also near a medical center. The
Slope Analysis

water characteristics is stable which is suitable for the Problem- how can commuters go to the site?
proposed water sports to be facilitated
3.1.5 Site Development Options Fig. 13
Option 1
Fig. 12.4
Weaknesses- no existing public transportation yet around

the site.
Opportunities- the project can help boost the tourism in the

site therefore additional income for the locals and economic
boosting for Subic Bay Freeport.

Option 2 Option 3

Chapter 3
Architectural Design Solution
4.1 Space Programming Index
Spaces Prime Users Activities/ Estimated No. Furniture/ No. of Furniture Space Total Remarks/
Description of Users fixture Factor Area Basis
AQUATIC
CENTER
Lobby/waiting Visitors, tourist, Waiting and 200 person per Seats, At least 50 seats 0.65 130 For a
area Athletes(foreign Entering minute table, plant sq. m sq. m seating
and Domestic) boxes, capacity of
lamps, 15, 000
Trash can during
events
Information Staff Asking and 3 Desk 1 long desk 1 sq. 3 sq.
Giving of m m
information
Ticketing area Visitors, tourist, Queuing Area for 200 person per Desk 0.65 130
(foreign and Spectators minute sq. m sq. m
Domestic)
Ticket booth Staff Selling of tickets 10 Chairs
during events
Public Toilet Visitors, Tourist For Hygienic 34 (max.) Water Male: 3 water 1.6 sq. 54 sq. 6 % of 15,
(foreign and Purposes Closet, closet, 8 urinals m m 000 seating
Domestic), staff Lavatory, Female: 10 capacity
Trash Can, water closet, 5 area, 1
mirrors, lavatories, 1 cubicle for
urinals trash can, 5 handicapped
mirrors

Olympic size Athletes, Visitors Swimming and N/A N/A N/A N/A 1250 The area is
swimming pool (foreign and Competing sq. m according to
Domestic) the standard
size by
Olympic
committee
Diving pool Athletes, Visitors Diving and N/A N/A N/A N/A 600 The area is
(foreign and Competing sq. m according to
Domestic) the standard
size by
Olympic
committee
Locker rooms Athletes, Visitors Keeping of 30 (max.) Lockers, 37 lockers, 37 5.02 150.6 No. of users
(foreign and Athletes and seats seats sq. m sq. m for one (1)
Domestic) visitors personal locker room,
items
Shower rooms Athletes, Visitors Showering area 20 (max) Shower 20 shower 5.02 100.4 No. of users
(foreign and for athletes and head, towel heads, 20 towel sq. m sq. m for one (1)
Domestic) visitors before holder holders shower
and after aquatic room,
activities
Athletes toilet Athletes, Visitors For hygienic 20 (max.) Water Male: 3 water 1.2 sq. 24 sq. No. of users
(foreign and purposes closet, closet, 8 urinals m m for one (1)
Domestic) urinal, Female: 10 athletes
lavatory, water closet, 5 toilet. 1 for
mirror lavatories, 1 each
trash can, 5 shower/
mirrors locker
rooms
Stalls Staff, manager Selling of foods 1 manager Chairs, 3 chairs, 1 trash 1.4 sq. 4.2 sq.
2 staff (max.) desk, trash can m m
can
Spectators Area Visitors, Sitting area 15, 000 (max.) Seats, trash 15, 000 seats .36 sq. 5400 The
spectators mainly used cans (max.) , at least m sq. m maximum
(foreign and during events 15, trash cans sitting

Domestic) capacity can

be filled
during event
and is
reduced
during
regular
days.
Judges Area Referees, Judges Monitoring of 20 Chair, 20 chairs, 20 .36 sq. 7.2 sq. Included in
games rules and monitors, monitors m m 15, 000
regulations computers seats
Mechanical room Maintenance staff Monitoring and 2 Control 2 computers, 1 6 sq. 12 sq.
switching of devices, generator m m
mechanical monitors,
devices for computers,
control chairs
Pump Room Maintenance staff Controlling of 2 Control 2 pumps 6 sq. 12 sq.
water supply for devices, m m
pools machines
Maintenance room Janitorial Staff Storing of 3 (max.) cabinets 2 cabinets 2 sq. 6 sq.
maintenance m m
equipments
Security Room Security Staff Pantry and eating 10 (max.) Chairs, 10 chairs, 1 1.2 sq. 12 sq. Security
area for security cabinets, table, 1 cabinet m m room will
guards, briefing tables not contain
of daily task and all security
assignment. staff
because of
shifting of
time.
Securitys locker Security staff Keeping of 10 lockers 10 lockers 1.2 sq. 12 sq.
room security staffs m m
items
Monitoring room Security Staff Monitoring 3 computers 3 computers 2 sq. 6 sq.
surveillance for m m

entire facility
RESTAURANTS
Dining Area Visitors, Tourist Eating, 100 Seats, 100 seats, 25 2.97 297
(foreign and socializing tables, tables, 4 trash sq. m sq. m
Domestic), staff trash cans, cans
plant
boxes,
lamps
Cashiers desk 5 (max.)
Toilet Visitors, Tourist For hygienic 5 Urinal, Male: 3 urinals, 2 sq. 10 sq.
(foreign and purposes water 2 water closet, 2 m m
Domestic), staff closet, lavatory, 2
lavatory mirrors
trash can, Female: 5 water
mirrors closets, 3
lavatory, 3
mirrors
Kitchen Staff, Chef, Preparing and 17 staff, Sink, 4 sinks, 2 5.02 89.1 30 % of
manager cooking of foods (max.) Counter counter tops, 1 sq. m sq. m dining area
top, range, range and stove,
stove, 1 dishwashing, 1
dishwasher cabinet
s cabinets
Cold storage Staff, Chef, Storing of 2 staff refrigerator 1 refrigerator 3 sq. 6 sq.
manager perishable goods m m
Dry storage Staff, Chef, Storing of non 2 staff Tables, 1 table, 1
manager perishable goods cabinets cabinet
Pantry Staff, Chef, Storing of canned 5 staff Cabinets, 5 chairs, 1 table, 2 sq. 10 sq.
manager goods and eating tables, 1 cabinet m m
area for staff chairs
Managers Office Manager Managing room 1 Tables, 1 table, 1 chair, 10 sq. 10 sq.
for the restaurant chairs, 1 cabinet m m
cabinets
POC OFFICE/

ADMINISTRATI
ON
Arbitration space Arbitration staff Space for 1 staff Chair, 1 chair, 1 table 5.02 5.02
Arbitration Table sq. m sq. m
Ethics space Staff Space for ethical 1 staff Chair, 1 chair, 1 table 5.02 5.02
staff Table sq. m sq. m
Technical room Staff, Engineers Office for 1 Engineer Chair, 1 chair, 1 table, 5.02 15.06
Facilities 2 Staff Table, 1 cabinet sq. m sq. m
Technical cabinet
Records
Athletics room Athletic Office for 3 staff Chair, 1 chair, 1 table, 5.02 15.06
Committee Athletic records Table, 1 cabinet sq. m sq. m
cabinet
Marketing room Marketing staff Office for 3 staff Chair, 1 chair, 1 table, 5.02 15.03
advertisements Table, 1 cabinet sq. m sq. m
and records cabinet
Membership room Membership Office for 3 staff Chair, 1 chair, 1 table, 5.02 15.03
Staff, Try outs membership of Table, 1 cabinet sq. m sq. m
try outs and new cabinet
members/
renewal
Culture and Sports Staff Office for 1 staff Chair, 1 chair, 1 table, 5.02 5.02
space cultural records Table sq. m sq. m
Medical room Doctors, Nurses Office of medical 1 Doctor Chair, 1 chair, 1 table, 5.02 20 sq.
staff 3-4 Nurses Table, 1 cabinet sq. m m
cabinet
Uniform room Designer Office for 1 Designer Chair, 1 chair, 1 table, 5.02 15.03
designers 2 staff Table, 1 cabinet sq. m sq. m
cabinet
Legal room Attorney Office of attorney 1 Chair, 1 chair, 1 table, 5.02 6 sq.
for legal purposes Table, 1 cabinet sq. m m
cabinet
Judges room Referees, judges Office of the 16 referees Chair, 1 chair, 1 table, 1.4 sq. 22.4 2 referees
referees for Table 1 cabinet m sq. m per sport

reviewing of
Rules and
regulations
Events organizer Organizer Office for 1 Chair, 1 chair, 1 table, 5.02 5.02
space organization of Table sq. m sq. m
events
PASA office Director, Staff Office for PASA 1 director Chair, 3 chairs, 3 5.02 15.03
staff fro 2 members Table, tables, 1 cabinet sq. m sq. m
cabinet
PDBF office Director, Staff Office for PDBF 1 director Chair, 3 chairs, 3 5.02 15.03
representatives 2 members Table, tables, 1 cabinet sq. m sq. m
for events and cabinet
meeting
PRT office Director, Staff Office for PRT 1 director Chair, 3 chairs, 3 5.02 15.03
meeting
PCKF office Director, Staff Office for PCKF 1 director Chair, 3 chairs, 3 5.02 15.03
meeting
Non POC office Director, Staff Office for Non 1 director Chair, 3 chairs, 3 5.02 15.03
POC 2 members Table, tables, 1 cabinet sq. m sq. m
representatives cabinet
for events and
meeting
Directors Office Facilitys General Office of the 1 Chair, 1 chair, 1 table, 50 sq. 50 sq.
Director facilitys general Table, 1 cabinet m m
director for cabinet
decision making
and approval of
papers
Directors toilet Facilitys General For hygienic 1 Water 1 water closet, 1 6 sq. 6 sq.
Director purposes closet, lavatory, 1 m m
lavatory, mirror

mirror
Meeting Room Directors, For meeting 20 Chair, 20 chairs, 1 1.4 sq. 28 sq.
Athletes, purposes Table table m m
Committees
Machine room Staff For copying 3 Copying 3 copying 1.2 sq. 3.6 sq.
machine and Machine machines m m
computers
Pantry Staff Eating Area for 5 Chair, 5 chairs 1 table, 2 sq. 10 sq.
Staff Table, sink 1 sink m m
RECREATION 100 persons
CENTER (max.)
capacity
Lobby Athletes, Visitors Waiting and 50 Seats, At least 20 seats 0.65 32.5
(foreign and entering table, plant sq. m sq. m
Domestic) boxes,
lamps,
Trash can
Admission Staff For admitting and 3 (max.) chairs, desk 3 chairs, 1 desk
paying
Shower room Visitors (foreign Showering for 20 Shower 10 shower heads 1.2 sq. 21.6 20 % of
and Domestic) users heads m sq. m maximum
capacity
Locker room Visitors (foreign Keeping of 20 Lockers, 20 lockers 5.02 100
and Domestic) personal items seats sq. m sq. m
for users
Toilet Visitors (foreign For hygienic 20 Water 5 water closet, 5 1.6 sq. 32 sq.
and Domestic) purposes closet, urinals, 5 m m
urinals, lavatories, 5
Lavatory, mirrors
mirrors
Gym Visitors (foreign Work out and 100 (max.) equipments 1.6 sq. 160
and Domestic) exercise m sq. m
Information Staff Asking and 1 0.6 sq. 0.6 sq.
giving of m m

information
Badminton Visitors (foreign Playing N/A N/A N/A 69.4 2 badminton
and Domestic) sq. m court
Basketball court Visitors (foreign playing N/A N/A N/A 364 1 basketball
and Domestic) sq. m court
Bench Visitors (foreign Sitting area 100 (max.) seats 100 seats 0.6 sq. 60 sq.
and Domestic) m m
ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT
Mechanical Mechanical Planning/solving 1 Chair, 1 table, 1 chair, 5.02 5.02
Engineer space Engineer of mechanical Table, 1 cabinet sq. m sq. m
difficulties cabinets
Electrical Electrical Planning/solving 1 Chair, 1 table, 1 chair, 5.02 5.02
Engineer space Engineer of electrical Table, 1 cabinet sq. m sq. m
Sanitary Engineer Sanitary Engineer Planning/solving 1 Chair, 1 table, 1 chair, 5.02 5.02
space of sanitary Table, 1 cabinet sq. m sq. m
Architects table Architect Planning strategic 1 Chair, 1 table, 1 chair, 5.02 5.02
solutions for Table, 1 cabinet sq. m sq. m
different events, cabinets
consultation
Monitoring room Staff Monitoring of 4 staff Monitors, 4 monitors, 4 1.6 sq. 6.4 sq.
utilities on Computers, chairs m m
computers chairs
Records room Staff Keeping of plans 1 Chair, 1 table, 1 chair, 6 sq. 6 sq.
and architectural, Table, 1 cabinet m m
mechanical cabinets
records
Pantry Staff Eating 5 (max.) Chair, 1 table, 5 chairs, 2 sq. 10 sq.
Table, Sink 1 sink m m
Toilet Staff For hygienic 5 water 1 water closet, 1 1.6 sq. 8 sq.
purposes closet, lavatory, 1 m m
lavatory, mirror

mirror
Meeting room Staff Meeting of 10 Chair, 10 chairs, 1 1.4 sq. 14 sq.
Technical Staff Table table m m
OUTDOOR
WATER SPORTS
Artificial Lake (2) Visitors, tourist, For water sports N/A N/A N/A N/A 6, 000 Base on
Athletes(foreign sq. m case study
and Domestic) (min.)
Players platform Visitors, tourist, For 2 players equipments 2 sets 5.2 sq. 20.8
Athletes(foreign wakeboarding, a 2 assistants m sq. m
and Domestic) place for takeoff
for water board
sports
Referees tower Referee Monitoring of 2 chairs 1 chair 0.6 sq. 1.2 sq.
games m m
Judges seats Judges Judging of games 10 Chairs, 10 chairs, 1 long 0.6 sq. 6 sq.
tables, desk, 10 m m
monitors monitors
Cable towers Mechanical Staff Controls the 2 chairs 2 chairs .06 sq. 1.2 sq.
speed of water m m
board games
Control room Mechanical Staff Controlling of 2 Controlling 1 controlling 1.2 sq. 2.4 sq.
cable towers devices, devices, 2 chairs m m
chairs
Pump room Utility Staff Filling and 1 Chairs, 1 chair 5.02 5.02
controlling of pumps sq. m sq. m
artificial lakes
water level
Preparation space Visitors, tourist, A space for 300 athletes N/A N/A 1.2 sq. 360 6 competing
Athletes(foreign athletes and m sq. m teams, 50
and Domestic) visitors during each, base
event or regular on no. of
days players for
dragon boat

Spectators seats Visitors, tourist, Sitting area 3000 seats seats 3000 seating 0.36 1080
(foreign and mainly used capacity sq. m sq. m
Domestic) during events
Public Toilet Visitors, tourist, For hygienic 20 (max.) Water Male: 3 water 1.6 sq. 32 sq.
Athletes(foreign purposes Closet, closet, 8 urinals m m
and Domestic) Lavatory, Female: 10
Trash Can, water closet, 5
mirrors, lavatories, 1
urinals trash can, 5
mirrors
Admission Staff For tourist and 3 staff (max.) Chairs, 3 chairs, 1 desk 5.02 15.06
visitors to admit desk sq. m sq. m
if desired to play
different water
sports
Ticketing Staff Ticketing of 8 (max.) Chairs, 8 chairs, 1 desk 5.02 40.16
spectators during desk sq. m sq. m
events
Staffs toilet Staff For hygienic 3 staff Water 1 water closet, 1 1.6 sq. 6 sq.
purposes closet, lavatory, 1 m m
lavatory, mirror
mirror,
trash can
Equipment room Equipment staff Storage of 6 staff Boats, 6 boats (min.), 15 sq. 90 sq. The space
equipments for wakes, 20 wakes (min.) m m factor is the
water sports boards combined
space factor
of human
and he
equipments
Rental Rental staff Renting of 6 staff Chairs, 6 chairs, 1 desk 1.6 sq. 9.6 sq.
equipment for desk m m
water sports
Stalls Stall managers Selling of foods 1 manager Chairs, 3 chairs, 1 trash 1.4 sq. 4.2 sq.
and staff for users 2 staff (max.) desk, trash can m m

can
ATHLETES
QUARTERS
Administration Administrative Managing of the
office staff dormitory
Quarters Athletes (POC) Sleeping quarters 150 athletes Bed, 2 double decks, 2.4 sq. 360 POC
for athletes chairs, 2 chairs, 1 table m sq. m records: 111
tables water sports
athletes and
26 trainers
and coaches,
average of
four
athletes per
room : 41`
rooms, min.
6 sq. m each
Toilet Athletes For hygienic 1 athlete at a shower 1 shower head, 1 3 sq. 3 sq. Min.
purposes time head, water water closet, 1 m m dimensions
closet, lavatory, 1 of toilet
lavatory, mirror
mirror
Lounge Athletes Area for 20 athletes Tables, 1 table, 5 chairs, 1.6 sq. 32 sq.
relaxation or chairs, sofa 1 sofa m m
socialization for
athletes
Small cafeteria Athletes, staff Eating area 100 athletes Chairs, 25 tables, 100 1.2 sq. 120
tables chairs m sq. m
Maintenance Maintenance Housekeeping 2 staff Cabinets, 1 cabinet, 2 3 sq. 6 sq.
Staff purposes chairs, chairs, 1 table m m
tables

4.2 Design Concept
The Structure will have one major space and all complementing spaces will function for the major space like paddles for a boat.
It is also shown in the space programming studies.
The structure will follow the form of a boat, it is iconic. It will reflect the relationship of our culture to water sports. its form and
sophistication will help uplift the architectural integrity of our country.

4.3 Architectural Plans
Site Development Plan

Aquatic Center


Hotel Plans

4.3 Elevations and Sections


4.6 Perspectives


Bibliography and Reference http://www.batangascity.gov.ph- Batangas City official

WebSite
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Space/Frame - space Frame
http://www.psc.gov.ph- different Water Sports and NSA principles and technology
http://www.rockleywatersports.com- case study http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aluminium- characteristics and
http://www.republicwaterpark.com- case study composition of aluminum
http://www.google.com- google maps and search http://mistyhorizon2003.hubpages.com/hub/How-to-Build-
http://www.labuanweb.com/seaportsctr.html- case study a-artificial-Lake- how to make artificial lakes
http://www.belmonpark.com/attractions-wavehouse- case http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/watersports- Different types
study for artificial waves of Water Sports
http://www.communitywatesportscenter.org- case study for http://www.scribd.com/doc/49182306/Philippines-Sports-
community water sports and training center Tourism-Strategy-2007- Philippine Sports tourism Strategies
http://www.interceder.net/dashboard/philippine- and Contribution
Achievements of Philippine Dragon boat Federation Team
http://www.pdbf.com- Official Website of PDBF Visual Dictionary of Architecture and Construction- Broto I
http://www.pasa.com.ph- Philippine Aquatic Sports Comerma 2007
Association Building Technology Book 1- Joshua A Barba, Uap, 2006
http://www.philtravelcenter.com/philippines/travelinfo/bat
angas-climate.php- for the climate of Batangas City
http://www.zamboanga.com/z/index.php?title=San_Agapi
to_Isla_Verde,_Batangas_City,_Batangas,_Philippines- Isla
Verde

Appendix An Olympic-size swimming pool is the type of swimming

Survey Questions: pool used in the Olympic Games, where the race course is
-Have you or members of your household visited any 50 meters in length. This is typically referred to as "long
watersports during the past year? course", delineating it from "short course" which applies to
-Approximately how often did you or members of your competitions in pools that are either 25 meters or 25 yards
household visit watersports in length
over the past 12 months
-Overall how would you rate the physical condition of all Artificial waves are man-made waves usually created on a
the watersports you have visited? specially designed surface or in a pool. Artificial waves are
-Would you be interested to visit a world class Watersports created in one or two ways. First, if the wave is created on
in the Philippines in the future? a designed surface, water is shot over the surface at a high
-Would you be interested to learn watersports through speed to create a wave. These waves are ridden with a
classes and/or camps? short board about the length of a wakeboard where the
-Please indicate if YOU or any member of your rider is strapped on to the board to prevent the board from
HOUSEHOLD has a need for each of the recreation flying out under the rider's feet.
PROGRAMS listed.
Artificial lake is used to store water. Reservoirs may be
-What facilities would you like to find in the proposed
created in river valleys by the construction of a dam or may
WATERSPORTS?
be built by excavation in the ground or by conventional
-From the following list, please check ALL the potential
construction techniques such as brickwork or cast concrete.
indoor spaces you and members of your household would
use. Trends in Recreational Facilities
Trends in development and design of multipurpose leisure
centers and a discussion of management issues are

presented. These trends can be used to evaluate existing cope with peak demands, particularly at the reception and
facilities against contemporary standards, and give an kiosk area.
indication of what changes are required in the short to
medium term. -Emphasize safety, for example all walls should have flush
Development and Design Trends in the Region (Asia) fittings so no objects jut from the wall and provide a first
A number of trends, or principles in design, have become aid room with emergency access for ambulance and
apparent over the last five years. These are summarized stretcher bearers.
below: -Provide adequate car parking on sealed car parks and
a. General Design Trends ensure rapid entry and exit of customers.
-Create a warm and inviting atmosphere and ensure -Provide adequate security, so that when areas of a leisure
longevity by installing good quality fittings and fixtures. center are not being used, they can be locked off to avoid
-Provide a social area. At a minimum, vending machines unwanted intrusion.
offer snacks, although most leisure centers have a dedicated -Position amenities so that areas can be locked off, or
kiosk and an area with table and chairs, preferably service two areas, such as indoor and outdoor facilities.
overlooking the sports area. In recent times licensed bar -Provide for future expansion of additional water or court
areas have been provided, which tend to be club based, space or other activity areas.
but allow access to all customers. The intention is to Consider the acoustics, both to minimize the internal noise
encourage secondary expenditure by customers. from activities and to eliminate or reduce noise emanating
-Focus on minimizing staff supervision costs. During off peak from the centre that may affect surrounding residents.
periods the leisure centre should be capable of being -Take maximum advantage of natural light, but care must
supervised by one or two staff, for example, by combining be taken to ensure that light does not shine directly onto
the kiosk and reception. At the same time however, the customers (players) eyes. Particular attention must be given
design must allow adequate space to enable the centre to

to skylights, which can affect badminton and volleyball, and meetings, programs such as Tai kwon do, and for social
glass walls on the west and northern walls. functions.
-Install good quality sound systems for public announcements -Provide a minimum number of permanent spectator seats to
and to provide background music; cater for regular activities. Retractable bleachers or
portable seating may be used for major events and
exhibition matches, although these require extra floor space
for storage.
Sports Hall Design Trends
-Provide corporate boxes if the centre is to be used for elite
-Ensure that adequate playing arenas are constructed.
sport or entertainment activities. Corporate boxes can be
Check the quality of flooring and lighting, and ensure that
court-side open boxes, or enclosed more elaborate
the size, particularly length, width andheight, is appropriate
permanent boxes.
for the activities to be scheduled. Multipurpose sports
-Accommodate different levels of competition: Generally
centers must be designed for all sports, not just basketball,
there are three categories of Competition: local or social,
for example, badminton and volleyball have specific height
which is used for regular day to day activities; provincial
and lighting requirements.
level competition; and national or international standard
-Maximize flexibility by having multiple line markings, court
events. The local/social courts take up the least space while
configurations which can be changed according to the needs
national/international events take up a larger area.
of the activity, retractable seating which does not impinge
Consequently, there may need to be different
on floor areas, and accommodate both sporting activities
configurations of court space for different types of
and entertainment.
activities.
-Optimize all available floor space. For example, use
-Give special attention to the type of flooring: Numerous
mezzanine floors for spectators and as multi-purpose areas.
multi-purpose products are available that meet the needs of
Similarly, design activity rooms to be multi-purpose, for

elite sport, and satisfy other activities, such as entertainment

or trade shows.
-Maximize the use of court space. Divider nets can be used
to separate playing areas, to allow more than one activity
to occur simultaneously


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MAPUA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

MAPUA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

A Proposed Water Sports Complex and Recreation Center

In partial fulfillment of the course requirements in

School of Architecture, Industrial Design and the Built Environment 1

I am heartily thankful to my Architectural Design 9 Thesis 1 instructor,

enabled me to acquire the knowledge in doing this thesis;

School of Architecture, Industrial Design and the Built Environment 2

About the Author

School of Architecture, Industrial Design and the Built Environment 3

CHAPTER 2 RESEARCH FOCUS

School of Architecture, Industrial Design and the Built Environment 4

Chapter 1 provinces in the country. Unfortunately, in 2010, they were

School of Architecture, Industrial Design and the Built Environment 5

Wake Championship 2011 Womens Division. industry

School of Architecture, Industrial Design and the Built Environment 6

people and so as the government. Being an archipelago

The study will attempt to answer the following question:

School of Architecture, Industrial Design and the Built Environment 7

1.4 Significance of the Study

School of Architecture, Industrial Design and the Built Environment 8

ECONOMICAL SIGNIFICANCE: 1.5.1 Economy and Employment in Water Sports

An Assessment of the Economic Impact of Water-Related

School of Architecture, Industrial Design and the Built Environment 9

School of Architecture, Industrial Design and the Built Environment 10

The surveyed food and drink businesses

School of Architecture, Industrial Design and the Built Environment 11

School of Architecture, Industrial Design and the Built Environment 12

School of Architecture, Industrial Design and the Built Environment 13

In an article by Genalyn Kabiling on the Manila Bulletin markets.

issued Feb 2010:

School of Architecture, Industrial Design and the Built Environment 14

Strangford Lough can be a guide in creating an Examples of impacts by recreational activity-

School of Architecture, Industrial Design and the Built Environment 15

disturbance of river and lake life is demanded of these

School of Architecture, Industrial Design and the Built Environment 16

knowledgeable about this matter. swimming).

Activities along the shoreline (fishing, bird

School of Architecture, Industrial Design and the Built Environment 17

School of Architecture, Industrial Design and the Built Environment 18

Participants spend a large proportion of

School of Architecture, Industrial Design and the Built Environment 19

1.6 Conceptual Framework:

Natural Setting of Site International Standards for

Water Sports Popularization and

School of Architecture, Industrial Design and the Built Environment 20

School of Architecture, Industrial Design and the Built Environment 21

Provide a mix of shallow leisure/recreation to be scheduled. Multipurpose sports centers must be

School of Architecture, Industrial Design and the Built Environment 22

Survey 64 Responses (see Appendix)

School of Architecture, Industrial Design and the Built Environment 23

Please indicate if YOU or any member of your

School of Architecture, Industrial Design and the Built Environment 24

School of Architecture, Industrial Design and the Built Environment 25

What better way is there to explore the wealth of marine Waterskiing

Another enjoyable way to sightsee on the water while

School of Architecture, Industrial Design and the Built Environment 26

Similar to waterskiing, wakeboarding involves riding on a

Rowing Swimming is an Olympic Game where Filipinos took

Water polo is a team sport played in water.

School of Architecture, Industrial Design and the Built Environment 27

Triathlon is usually a combination of Underwater hockey is hockey played under

Under water Skurfing is where the participant "skurfs"