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Pollution, we hear it every other day at school, college and read about it in
newspapers. So what is it? Pollution occurs when pollutants contaminate the
natural surroundings; which brings about changes that affect our normal
lifestyles adversely. Pollutants are the key elements or components of
pollution which are generally waste materials of different forms. Pollution
disturbs our ecosystem and the balance in the environment. With
modernization and development in our lives pollution has reached its peak;
giving rise to global warming and human illness.
Pollution occurs in different forms; air, water, soil, radioactive, noise, heat/
thermal and light. Every form of pollution has two sources of occurrence; the
point and the non-point sources. The point sources are easy to identify,
monitor and control, whereas the non-point sources are hard to control. Let
us discuss the different types of pollutions, their causes and effects on
mankind and the environment as a whole.
Pollution is the introduction of contaminants into the natural environment
that cause adverse change. Pollution can take the form of chemical
substances or energy, such as noise, heat or light. Pollutants, the
components of pollution, can be either foreign substances/energies or
naturally occurring contaminants. Pollution is the addition to the ecosystem
of something which has a detrimental effect on it. One of the most important
causes of pollution is the high rate of energy usage by modern, growing
populations.
The atmosphere lead to various types of pollution, including smog and acid
rain. The two main sources of pollution are transportation and the production
of electricity. The combustion of fuel in vehicles produces CO, CO 2, NO, and
NO2, along with unburned fragments of the petroleum used as fuel. The
combustion of coal and petroleum in power plants produces NO 2 and SO2 in
the exhaust gases. These mixtures of chemicals can be activated by
absorbing light to produce the photochemical smog that afflicts most large
cities. The SO2 in the air reacts with oxygen to produce SO 3 gas, which
combines with water in the air to produce droplets of sulfuric acid (H 2SO4), a
major component of acid rain.
There are several types of pollution, and while they may come from different
sources and have different consequences, understanding the basics about
pollution can help environmentally conscious individuals minimize their
contribution to these dangers. In total, there are nine recognized sources of
pollution in the modern world. These sources of pollution don't simply have a
negative impact on the natural world, but they can have a measurable effect
on the health of human beings as well.
TYPES OF POLLUTION
1. Air Pollution
Air pollution is defined as any contamination of the atmosphere that disturbs
the natural composition and chemistry of the air. This can be in the form of
particulate matter such as dust or excessive gases like carbon dioxide or
other vapors that cannot be effectively removed through natural cycles, such
as the carbon cycle or the nitrogen cycle.
Air pollution comes from a wide variety of sources. Some of the most
excessive sources include: