India Facts File For Entrepreneurs

INDIA FACTS FILE FOR ENTREPRENEURS
by :
DR. T.K. JAIN
AFTERSCHO☺OL
centre for social entrepreneurship
sivakamu veterinary hospital road
bikaner 334001 rajasthan, india
FOR – PGPSE / CSE PARTICIPANTS
mobile : 91+9414430763
5 DECEMBER 09 www.afterschool.tk 1
study material of PGPSE / CSE
My words....
Here I present a few basic questions on India, . I wish that more people
should become entrepreneurs. An ordinary Indian entrepreneur wishes to
remain an honest entrepreneur and contribute to the development of nation
but we have to strengthen those institutions which truly promote
entrepreneurship, not just degree granting institutions. Let us work together
to promote knowledge, wisdom, social development and education. We
believe in free education for all, free support for all, entrepreneurship
opportunities and training for all. Let us work together for these goals. ... I
alone cant do much, I need support of persons like you .......... ...
What was the year of great
divide?
1921 is known as YEAR OF GREAT DIVINE,

as it showed negative
growth due to rapid and frequent occurrence of
Cholera, Plague, Influenza
and Famines.
What is our progress in terms of
money since independence ?
National income rose by 17 times as compared

to 1950-51 in 2005-06. but per capita income
rose only by 4.5 as compared to 1950-51 in
2005-06. Dearness rose by 16 times.
Corruption, black money and malpractices rose
hundreds of times.
What is heaven in India ?
West Bengal is the most densely populated
state in the country with 904 persons living per
sq. km. Infrastructure doesnt rise with
population, so life becomes hell. In Bihar, 880
persons are living per sq. km. and Delhi has
more than 9,000 persons per kilometer (so you
are far away from nature).
Arunachal Pradesh is the state having lowest
density with just 13 persons per sq. km. So this
5 DECEMBER 09
is the best place
www.afterschool.tk
to live. 5
What is the Theory of Demographic
Transition
formulated by Coale & Hoover?
It gives stages of Demographic Transition.
First - Both birth and death rate are high
Second - Birth rate is high, death rates are
low
Third - Both birth and death rate are low
India is in the second stage of Demographic
Transition. (but no serious efforts are being
made for transition to 3rd stage)
What are causes of Rapid Growth
of Population in India ?
High Birth rate

Relatively Lower Death rate
Immigration
(and also poor implementation of population
policy – NPP 2000)
What is poverty line ?
If the daily consumption of calories is less than
2400 in rural areas and 2100
in urban areas, the person is below the poverty
line. If a person’s income is less than Rs.368 in
rural areas and Rs.559 in urban areas per
month, he is below the poverty line.
Over 1/5th of India is BPL (below poverty line)
What are the Main Causes of
Unemployment?
Discouragement to entrepreneurship and promotion of mad
rush towards government service (heavy incentives to a
government servant and massive pressure on self employed
persons).
Lack of skillbased / vocational training.
Promotion of coaching instituitons (when orient students to
servile mentality bassed courses) rather than entrepreneurship
training / capability building institutions.
Growth without adequate employment opportunities.
Inappropriate technology.
Inappropriate education system (which produces clerks, babus
and MBAs but not entrepreneurs)
Has liberalisation helped in
energy sector ?
Yes, see the data :
India’s total installed capacity of generating
power.
Years Installed Capacity
1990 - 91 74,700 MW
2005 - 06 1,43,800 MW
Has consumerism promoted
development of India ?
No, only consumption has increased. Earlier a
person would travel by a bicycle, now he uses
a car. Pollution and exploitation of natural
resources has increased manifold due to our
policies, educational system and media.
India’s Oil import has increased from
Rs.10,816 crores in 1990-91 to Rs.1,94,960
crores in 2005-06 (yet it is inadequate).
What are the things for which we
need funds ?
Skill development programmes
National river grid (yet in plans only)
All India Power Grid, also known as National
Grid is to be developed by
2012.
Funds can be diverted from arms and
ammunitions to these sectors for the sake of
our country.
Status of Railways in India
India has Asia’s largest and world’s 2nd largest rail network .
The total route length of railways was 63.5 thousand km in
2005-06, out of which 17.9 thousand km is electrified.
In 2005-06, Indian Railways carried 5725 million of
passengers and 666.5 millions tones of freight traffic.
Total Revenues constitutes 2.3rd by freight and 1/3rd by
passengers.
Status of Indian Roads
Indian roads have largest number of speedbreakers and cracks
in the world. Still, the Indian Road network is one of the
largest road networks in world. (India has a road network of
3.34 million kilometers.)
National highways comprise only 2% (i.e. 66,950 km) of the
total length of the roads, but carry 40% of freight and 85% of
passenger traffic.
Roads occupy a crucial position in the transportation matrix of
India as they carry nearly 65% of freight and 85% of passenger
traffic. (that shows the poor management of Railways)
Rural road network scheme
Pradhan Mantri Gram SadakYojana PMGSY

To connect villages having population of
107569 km road has been finished more than
500 persons to weather road by the end of 10th
Plan.
Indian postal services –
connecting rural India
India’s Postal Network is the largest in the
world and it date backs from 1837. India has
more than 1.55 lakhs post office out of which
around 1.4 lakhs are in rural area. One post
office serves 6623 persons and 21.16 sq. km.
Area. E-Post services were started in 2001.
TELECOMMUNICATION
India has 190 million connections (basic and mobile) in
December, 2006.
As per 31st Dec.2006, 5.6 lakh villages are connected
through VPT (Village Public Telephone).
Rural Areas has more than 2 Lakh public call offices and
14.18 million phones.
India’s Telephone network is the largest in the world.
The internet connections have increased from 0.01 million
to 4.2 million in August 2007.
The broadband connections have increased from 0.49
lakhs to 25.6 lakhs in August 2007.
Educational agenda
84% of Rural habitations in India have a

primary school located within a
distance of 1 km (16% Population living in
rural areas have yet to have an access to
education).
Economic policies
The governments blindly borrow money – without
adequate provision for repayments. India’s external
debt amounted to more than Rs.5,65,000 crores in
2006-07 and as a % of GDP it is 15.8% in 2005-06.
Debt service ratio is 10.2% in 2005-06.
India ranks 8th among the top debtor countries in
the world according to the
Global Development Finance 2005, (World Bank).
Raise your voice – against blind borrowings.
Industries reserved for public
sector / govt.
Atomic Energy
The substances specified in the schedule of CG
in the department of
Atomic Energy
Rail transport.
Which industries are under
industrial licensing ?
Alcohol
Cigarettes
Hazardous Chemicals
Electronic Aerospace
Defence Equipment
Industrial Explosives, drugs and
pharmaceuticals.
What did we learn from China ?
Looking at China's success, SEZs policy was

introduced in 2000. By the end of March,
2006, 1016 SEZs units were in operations
providing direct employment to nearly 1.8 lakh
people.
When were banks nationalised ?
1969 and 1980

now there are 19 nationalised banks
Banks were nationalised to promote rural
banking, to promote priority sector lending and
to promote the overall national interests
What is the Progress after
Nationalization?
Particulars in 1969 In 2006

Bank Lending 3,399 Cr. 10,93,000 Cr.
Lending to Priority Sector 14% 37.5%
Aggregate Deposit in bank 4,665 Cr. 23,50,000 Cr.
% of bank office in Rural Area 22% 44%
Spread of rural banking ...
Rural bank branches constitute 44% of the total

banks in India.
One bank is available for a population size of
16,000
Growth in irrigation ...
Irrigation facilities have increased from 22.6

million hectares (1950-51) to 84.7 million
hectares (2004-05).
(but compare it to the growth of population, its
growth is still less in comparison to growth in
population)
Health care
Number of doctors has increased 9 times from

61.8 thousand in 1951 to 656.1
thousand in 2005.
(but look at rural areas also, much of this
growth has accumulated to urban areas, we
have not been able to connect the best health
care facilities to rural areas, we need to use
technology for this)
Sectoral changes in economy?
Primary Sector - 18.5%, Secondary Sector -

26.4%, Tertiary Sector – 55.1%.
so tertiary sector is the dominant sector now,
but are we preparing the youth of today for this
sector? Are we providing adequate training /
education / vocational training so that they can
encash the opportunities in tertiary sector?
What are the sources for
agricultural finance ?
RRB (Regional Rural Banks) set up in 1975.
NABARD (National Bank for Agriculture and
Rural Development) set
up in 1982.
Co-operative Credit Societies.
(but none for agriculture based very small
entrepreneurs)
Contribution of SSIs
As per 2005-06, the number of SSI is 123.42 lakhs which employs

nearly 295 lakhs persons in 2005-06.
The export from SSI is more than 1,24,000 crores in 2004-05.
SSI contributes 45% of manufacturing exports and 34% of total
exports.
In March, 2003, there were 1.71 lakhs sick units out of which 98%
were small units.
Growth rate of SSI is 10% in terms of production.
Contribution of services sector
In 2006-07, Service Sector share in GDP is 55.1% which
was more than 50% in 2005-06 and 33.33% in 1950-51.
In 2001, about 22.5% people were dependent upon service
sectors for occupation.
Services accounted for 35% of total exports in 2004-05.
India’s share in world’s total services export is 2.3% in
2005 as compared to 1.9% in 2004.
Indian service export grew by 71% in 2004-05 and 42% in
2005-06.
In the list of exporters of service, India ranked 11th in
2005
When was Income tax
introduced ?
Income tax was firstly introduced in 1860, was

discontinued in 1873 and
re-introduced in 1886.
When was Gift Tax was
introduced in India ?
Gift Tax was introduced in 1958 and abolished

in 1998.
What is the share of direct taxes
(income tax etc.) in GDP?
Share of Direct Tax in GDP is 5% but in tensions,
heart attacks, corruption and in making people think
in wrong manner – more than 50%
so what is your idea?
Some persons suggested me : - reduce income tax
rates to minimum and remove all the direct tax
departments (it will cause unemployment to all the
CBDT employees, chartered accountants and
advocates, so what do you suggest?)
When was Wealth Tax was
introduced ?
Wealth Tax was introduced in 1957.
When was Service Tax is
introduced ?
Service Tax is introduced in 1994-95.
When was VAT introduced?
VAT (Value Added Tax) was introduced in

1999 but was implemented in April,
2005. Now it is called Central Value Added
Tax (CENVAT).
What contributes more direct or
indirect taxes in India?
The ratio of direct tax and indirect tax is

35:65 , so indirect taxes contribute more
What is cost of tax collection ?
Cost of tax:
in terms of money -
collection has increased from Rs.543 crores in 1990-
91 to Rs.3,663 crores in
2006-07.
in real terms (which cant be measured in money), it
has contributed immensely towards corruption,
unhealthy practices, and reduction in overall charities
and benevolence among Indians.
What is share of taxes in our
National Income ?
20% of the total National Income
What can you do with us in these
issues ?
Raise your voice to reduct tax rates and to abolish
unnecessary tax departments and bodies.
Among the third world countries, India is the
highest taxed country in the
world.
Let us work together to reduce the tax burden, so
that people voluntarily deposit their dues to the
government. Still the highest income tax rate is 30%
(logically who would like to deposit almost 1/3rd of
the hard earned income to government as tax)
Download links ....
http://www.scribd.com/doc/30778316/Permutations
http://www.scribd.com/doc/30778304/Differentiatio
http://www.scribd.com/doc/30778217/Unitary-Meth
http://www.scribd.com/doc/30778090/Questions-on
http://www.scribd.com/doc/30646219/Mock-Intervi
http://www.scribd.com/doc/30888753/General-Know
Download links .....
http://www.scribd.com/doc/30646577/Afterschoool-
http://www.scribd.com/doc/11953346/Mathematics-
http://www.scribd.com/doc/11867744/Management-
http://www.brijj.com/group/gmat-entrance-exam--pr
http://www.docstoc.com/docs/3921499/ENGLISH-%
http://www.docstoc.com/docs/3967158/basiC-MAT
http://www.authorstream.com/Presentation/tkjainbk
http://www.authorstream.com/Presentation/tkjainbk
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India Facts File For Entrepreneurs

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INDIA FACTS FILE FOR ENTREPRENEURS

1921 is known as YEAR OF GREAT DIVINE,

National income rose by 17 times as compared

High Birth rate

Pradhan Mantri Gram SadakYojana PMGSY

84% of Rural habitations in India have a

Looking at China's success, SEZs policy was

1969 and 1980

Particulars in 1969 In 2006

Rural bank branches constitute 44% of the total

Irrigation facilities have increased from 22.6

Number of doctors has increased 9 times from

Primary Sector - 18.5%, Secondary Sector -

As per 2005-06, the number of SSI is 123.42 lakhs which employs

Income tax was firstly introduced in 1860, was

Gift Tax was introduced in 1958 and abolished

Wealth Tax was introduced in 1957.

Service Tax is introduced in 1994-95.

VAT (Value Added Tax) was introduced in

The ratio of direct tax and indirect tax is

20% of the total National Income

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