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WaveParticle Duality - The electron Physics Factsheet
Answer
The electrons are emitted from the heated cathode inside the evacuated tube. (a) In order to answer this question the familiar expression that includes
They are then accelerated across a few thousand volts of potential difference kinetic energy and speed is needed;
towards the positive anode. Some of the fast moving electrons pass through kinetic energy = mv2. !
(2)( 1.8 10 -16)
the hole in the anode and head towards the thin sample of graphite. Having v2 = !=3.95 1014
passed through the graphite, they then strike the fluorescent screen at the (9.11 10 -31)
end of the evacuated tube, causing the screen to glow in a typical interference v = 1.99 107 ms-1 !
pattern consisting of bright and dark regions. (b) We are now in a position to substitute values into de Broglies equation
h (6.63 10 -34)
= = != 3.7 10 -11m !
Looking at the end of the tube, the illuminated pattern on the fluorescent p ( 9.11 10 -31 1.99 10 7)
screen looks like the following: (c) The atomic spacing must be approximately the same size as the
wavelength. !
(d) The atomic nucleus is much smaller than the atom. !
bright regions, areas For noticeable diffraction to occur the wavelength of the electron must
of constuctive be much smaller !
interference de Broglies equation means that a small wavelength requires a larger
momentum !
A larger momentum requires a the electron to have a larger kinetic
energy . !
darker regions,
areas of destructive
interference
Acknowledgements: This Physics Factsheet was researched and written by Jason Slack.
The Curriculum Press,Unit 305B, The Big Peg,120 Vyse Street, Birmingham, B18 6NF.
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ISSN 1351-5136
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