Quiz 1.

1. What is the diagnosis for a patient who has the following serologic profile? Explain the significance
of each marker. What is the probable evolution of this infection? How can this infection be prevented?

HBsAg - positive
HBeAg - positive
anti-HBc IgM - positive
anti-HBc IgG - negative
anti-HBs - negative
anti-HDV IgM - positive

2. A screening test for HIV infection returns a positive result. What does this result mean, what test
has been used and what are the next steps for diagnosis? Which are the parameters used for
monitoring the HIV disease progression?

Quiz 2.
1. Which of the following serologic profiles indicate hepatitis B vaccination? Justify your answer. What
kind of vaccine is hepatitis B vaccine? Who should get this vaccine? Mention other methods that can
be used for the prevention of HBV transmission.

Profile A Profile B Profile C

HBsAg negative HBsAg negative HBsAg positive
anti HBc IgM negative anti HBc IgM negative anti HBc IgM - negative
anti HBc IgG - positive anti HBc IgG - negative anti HBc IgG - negative
anti HBe negative anti HBe negative anti HBe - negative
anti HBs positive anti HBs positive anti HBs -negative

2. What technique is used for the confirmation of HIV infection? Which are the mandatory criteria for a
positive result? How do you proceed in the case of an indeterminate result? Indicate the main routes
of HIV transmission.

Quiz 3.
1. What is the diagnosis for a patient who has the following serologic profile? What is the significance
of HBeAg presence? What is theprobable evolution of this infection? Mention the drug classes used
to treat this infection.

HBsAg - positive
anti HBc IgM - negative
anti HBc IgG - positive
HBeAg - positive
anti HBs negative

2. Although the result of an ELISA test for detection of anti HIV Antibodies is positive, a confirmatory
test returns a negative result. Comment on the significance of the result. What is the difference
between these tests?

Quiz 4.
1. What is the diagnostic for a patient who has the following serologic profile?. Is this serological
profile suggestive for a newborn from a HBV infected mother? What is the natural evolution of
hepatitis B infection in a newborn? How can you prevent the maternal-fetal transmission of HBV?
HBsAg - positive
anti HBc IgM - positive
anti HBc Ig G - positive
anti HBs negative

2. What are the steps for the virological diagnosis in an HIV infection? Can a person be infected with
HIV while having a negative result in a screening test? Please explain.