WATER RETICULATION NETWORK ANALYSIS

Peak Domestic Flow / Fire + Average Domestic Flow

Design Criteria

Reference: Guideline For Uniform Application For Water Supply To Housing Schemes in Malaysia
by Cawangan Bekalan Air, Ibu Pejabat JKR Malaysia

Minimum Residual Head for Building

1-storey 10.5 -m
2-storey 13.5 -m
3-storey 18.0 -m
4-storey 23.0 -m

Absolute minimum 7.6 -m

Absolute maximum 60.0 -m

Fire Flow

Residential 1,140 lpm

Commercial 1,370 lpm

Daily Rate of Water Demand

Low Cost House 250 gallon

1-storey Terrace House / Flat 300 gallon
1-storey Semi-D House 400 gallon
2-storey Terrace /Semi-D House 400 gallon
1-storey Bungalow / Shop 500 gallon
Kondo / Apartment 500 gallon
2-storey Bungalow / Shop 600 gallon
3-storey Shop 900 gallon
4-storey Shop 1,000 gallon
Workshop / Light Industry 400 gallon
School 10 gallon/student
Heavy Industry 5,000 gallon
Light Industry 3,000 gallon
Individual Industry 15 gallon/person
Gerai 500 gallon
Market 500 gallon/stall
Masjid 50,000 gallon
Surau 5,000 gallon
Rest House 60 gallon/guest
Hotel 60 gallon/guest
Hospital 100 gallon/bed
Clinic 20 gallon/person
Office 20 gallon/person
Public Area 20 gallon/person
Dewan Orang Ramai 20 gallon/person
Petrol Station 10,000 gallon
Club House 10,000 gallon
TNB Station 500 gallon
Balai Polis 5,000 gallon
Balai Bomba 3,000 gallon
Hostel 50 gallon/person
Tadika 10 gallon/person
Balai Raya 10 gallon/person
Peak Flow Factor

Gravity flow to suction tank 1.2

 Reticulation pipe 2.5

Head Loss

Based on Hazen Williams formula :-

hf = 10.69 L Q1.852
C1.852 D4.87

where hf = head loss (m)

L = equivalent pipe length (m)
Q = flow rate (m3/s)
C = Hazen Williams pipe roughness coefficient
D = pipe diameter (m)

Hazen Williams pipe roughness coefficient for various pipe material is given below :-

A.C. 115
D.I. 110
C.I. 110
U P.V.C. 130
H.D.P.E. 130
G.R.P. 130
Steel 110

Minimum size of Pipe 150 mm dia.

Computation of Daily Water Demand

No. of Rate of Daily

mp.
Units Demand Demand
Type of Building
(gpd) (gpd)

Flat 170 300 51,000

2-storey terrace houses ( 22'x65') 100 400 40,000
2-storey terrace houses ( 24'x80'-90') 112 400 44,800
2-storey Semi- D 134 400 53,600 221,182
2-storey bungalows 2 600 1,200
Future Development (shops) 9191 2 18,382
Future Development (house) 13 400 5,200
Surau 1 5,000
Dewan Orang ramai / tadika 1 2,000

Total 221,182
say 225,000
(lpd) 1,023,000

Average flow = 698.26 lpm

Peak flow = 1,745.65 lpm