SUMMARY OF STRUCTURAL CALCULATION OF 2-BARREL BOX CULVERT

(Batang Angkola Main Canal from BBA0 - BBAII)

1 Design Dimensions and Bar Arrangements Class III Road (BM50)

Type of box culvert 2-B1.8xH2.0

Clear width of 1-barrel m 1.75

Clear height m 2.00
Height of fillet m 0.15

Thickness Side wall cm 25.0

Partition wall cm 25.0
Top slab cm 25.0
Bottom slab cm 25.0

Cover of reinforcement bar (between concrete surface and center of reinforcement bar)
Side wall Outside cm 5.0
Inside cm 5.0
Partition wall Both sides cm 5.0
Top slab Upper cm 5.0
Lower cm 5.0
Bottom slab Lower cm 5.0
Upper cm 5.0

Bar arrangement (dia - spacing per unit length of 1.0 m)

Side wall Lower outside Tensile bar mm 12@250

Distribution bar mm 12@250
Middle inside Tensile bar mm 12@125
Distribution bar mm 12@250
Upper outside Tensile bar mm 12@250
Distribution bar mm 12@250

Partition Both sides Tensile bar mm 12@250

wall Distribution bar mm 12@250

Top slab Upper edge Tensile bar mm 12@250

Distribution bar mm 12@250
Upper center Tensile bar mm 12@125
Distribution bar mm 12@250
Lower middle Tensile bar mm 12@250
Distribution bar mm 12@250

Bottom slab Lower edge Tensile bar mm 12@250

Distribution bar mm 12@250
Lower center Tensile bar mm 12@125
Distribution bar mm 12@250
Upper middle Tensile bar mm 12@250
Distribution bar mm 12@250

Fillet Upper edge Fillet bar mm Err:504

Upper center Fillet bar mm Err:504
Lower edge Fillet bar mm Err:504
Lower center Fillet bar mm Err:504

2 Design Parameters

Unit Weight Reinforced Concrete c= 2.4 tf/m3

Backfill soil (wet) s= 1.8 tf/m3
(submerged) s'= 1.0 tf/m3

Live Load Class of road Class III (BM50)

Truck load at rear wheel P= 5.0 tf
Impact coefficient (for Class I to IV road) Ci= 0.3 (D<4.0m)
0.0 (D>4.0m)
Pedestrian load (for Class V roads) 0 tf/m2

Concrete Design Strength ck ck= 175 kgf/cm2

(K175) Allowable Compressive Stress ca ca= 60 kgf/cm2
Allowable Shearing Stress m m= 5.5 kgf/cm2

Reinforcement Bar Allowable Tensile Stress sa sa= 1,400 kgf/cm2

(U24, deformed bar) Yielding Point of Reinforcement Bar sy= 3,000 kgf/cm2

Young's Modulus Ratio n= 24

1 / 117 349279758.xls/Summary
Coefficient of static earth pressure Ka= 0.33

2 / 117 349279758.xls/Summary
3 / 117 349279758.xls/Summary
4 / 117 349279758.xls/Summary
STRUCTURAL CALCULATION OF BOX CULVERT Type: B1.75m x H2.00m x 2
Soil Cover Depth: 0.6 m
1 Dimensions and Parameters
Basic Parameters Basic Conditions
Ka: Coefficient of static earth pressure 0.3333 Classification of Live load by truck
w: Unit weight of water (t/m3) 1.00 t/m3 PTM: Truck load of Middle Tire
d: Unit weight of soil (dry) (t/m3) 1.80 t/m3 Ii: Impact coefficient (D4.0m:0, D<4.0m:0.3)
s: Unit weight of soil (saturated) (t/m3) 2.00 t/m3 am: Ground contact length of Middle Tire
c: Unit weight of reinforced concrete (t/m3) 2.40 t/m3 bm: Ground contact width of Middle Tire
ck: Concrete Design Strength 175 kgf/cm2 PTR: Truck load of Rear Tire
ca Allowable Stress of Concrete 60 kgf/cm2 ar: Ground contact length of Rear Tire
sa: Allowable Stress of Reinforcement Bar 1400 kgf/cm2 br: Ground contact width of Rear Tire
ma: Allowable Stress of Shearing (Concrete) 5.5 kgf/cm2 PTF: Truck load of Front wheel
sy: Yielding Point of Reinforcement Bar 3000 kgf/cm2 af: Ground contact length of Front Tire
n: Young's Modulus Ratio 24 bf: Ground contact width of Front Tire
Fa: Safety factor against uplift 1.2 qp: Pedestrian load

Basic Dimensions
H: Internal Height of Box Culvert 2.00 m
B: Internal Width of Each Box Culvert 1.75 m
Hf: Fillet Height 0.15 m
t1: Thickness of Side Wall 0.25 m (> 0.25m)
t2: Thickness of Top Slab 0.25 m (> 0.25m)
t3: Thickness of Invert (Bottom Slab) 0.25 m (> 0.25m)
t4: Thickness of Partition wall 0.25 m (> 0.25m)
BT: Gross Width of Box Culvert 4.25 m
HT: Gross Height of Box Culvert 2.50 m
D: Covering Depth 0.60 m (> 0.5m)
Gwd: Underground Water Depth for Case 1, 2 0.00 m (= D)
hiw: Internal Water Depth for Case 1, 2 0.00 m
for Case 3, 4 1.75 m

Gwd
D

t2 Cover depth of R-bar

Top Slab d2
Bottom Slab d3
Side Wall d1
H HT Prtition Wall d4
Hf

Hf
t3
t1 B t4 B t1

BT

Dimensions of frame

BT
t1 B t4 B t1 D1

t2

H H0

t3

B0 B0
BT0

5/ 117 (1)349279758.xls, Load

H0: Height of frame t2/2 + H + t3/2 2.250 m
BT0: Width of whole frame 2B + t1 + t4 4.000 m
D1: Cavering depth at middle of top slab D + t2/2 0.725 m
B0: Width of each conduit B+t1/2+t4/2 2.000 m

6/ 117 (1)349279758.xls, Load

 Load distribution load by truck tire
(1) Middle tire's acting point: center of the top slab
a) distributed load of middle tire
Pvtm: distributed load of middle tire 2PTM(1+Ii)(2BT0-bm')/(am'BT0^2) = 1.7012
am': length of distirbuted load 2D+1.75+bm = 3.200
bm': width of distributed load 2D+am = 1.300
b) distributed load of rear tire
Pvtr: distributed load of rear tire not reach to top slab 0.0000
ar': length of distirbuted load 2D+1.75+br = 3.200
br': width of distributed load 2D+ar = 1.300
c) distributed load of front tire
Pvtf: distributed load of front tire not reach to top slab 0.0000
af': length of distirbuted load 2D+1.75+bf = 3.200
bf': width of distributed load 2D+af = 1.300

(2) Middle tire's acting point: on the side wall

a) distributed load of middle tire
Pvtm: distributed load of middle tire 2PTM(1+Ii)/(am'bm') = 3.1250
am': length of distirbuted load 2D+1.75+bm = 3.200
bm': width of distributed load 2D+am = 1.300
b) distributed load of rear tire
Pvtr: distributed load of rear tire not reach to top slab 0.0000
ar': length of distirbuted load 2D+1.75+br = 3.200
br': width of distributed load 2D+ar = 1.300
c) distributed load of front tire
Pvtf: distributed load of front tire 2PTF(1+Ii)/(af'bf') 0.7813
af': length of distirbuted load 2D+1.75+bf = 3.200
bf': width of distributed load 2D+af = 1.300

(3) Rear tire's acting point: on the side wall

a) distributed load of rear tire
Pvtr: distributed load of rear tire 2PTR(1+Ii)/(ar'br') = 3.1250
ar': length of distirbuted load 2D+1.75+br = 3.200
br': width of distributed load 2D+ar = 1.300
b) distributed load of middle tire
Pvtm: distributed load of middle tire not reach to top slab 0.0000
am': length of distirbuted load 2D+1.75+bm = 3.200
bm': width of distributed load 2D+am = 1.300
c) distributed load of front tire
Pvtf: distributed load of front tire not reach to top slab 0.0000
af': length of distirbuted load 2D+1.75+bf = 3.200
bf': width of distributed load 2D+af = 1.300

(4) Combination of load distribution of track tire

Case.L1: Pvt1 = 1.7012 tf/m2, B= 4.000 m Combination for Case.L2

Pvt2 = 0.0000 tf/m2, B= 0.000 m
Case.L2: Pvt1 = 3.9063 tf/m2, B= 4.000 m Distributed load total
Pvt2 = 0.0000 tf/m2, B= 0.000 m Select the combination case of
for Case.L2, which is the largest load to the top slab.

In case of covering depth (D) is over 3.0m, uniform load of 1.0 tf/m2 is applied on the top slab of culvert insetead of live load calculated above.

Distribution load by pedestrian load

Pvt1 = 0.000 tf/m2

2 Stability Analysis Against Uplift

Analysis is made considering empty inside of box culvert.
Fs=Vd/U > Fa Fs= 1.0792 < 1.2 check
where, Vd: Total dead weight (t/m) Vd= 11.466 tf/m
U: Total uplift (t.m)
U=BT*HT*w U= 10.625 tf/m

Ws: Weight of covering soil Ws = BT*{(D-Gwd)*(sw)+Gwd*d} = 2.550

Wc: Self weight of box culvert Wc = (HT*BT-2*H*B+4*Hf^2)*c = 8.916
Fa: Safety factor against uplift Fa= 1.2

7/ 117 (1)349279758.xls, Load

3 Load calculation

Case 1: Box Culvert Inside is Empty, Underground Water up to Top slab, Track load Case. L1

1) vertical load against top slab

Acting Load (tf/m2)
Wtop= (t2*BT+2*Hf^2)*c/BT0 Wtop= 0.6645
Pvd=Gwd*gd+(D-Gwd)*gs Pvd= 1.2000
Pvt1 Pvt1= 1.7012
Pvt2 Pvt2= 0.0000
Pv1= 3.5657

2) horizontral load at top of side wall

Acting Load (tf/m2) Horizontal pressure by track tire
P1=Ka*we1 P1= 0.0000 we1= 0.0000 tf/m2
P2=Ka*we2 P2= 0.0000 we2= 0.0000 tf/m2
P3=Ka*gd*Gwd P3= 0.0000
P4=Ka*gs*(D1-Gwd) P4= 0.4833
P5=gw*(D1-Gwd) P5= 0.7250
Ph1= 1.2083

3) horizontral load at bottom of side wall

Acting Load (tf/m2)
P1=Ka*we1 P1= 0.0000
P2=Ka*we2 P2= 0.0000
P3=Ka*d*Gwd P3= 0.0000
P4=Ka*s*(D1+H0-Gwd) P4= 1.9831
P5=w*(D1+H0-Gwd) P5= 2.9750
Ph2= 4.9581

4) self weight of side wall and partition wall

Acting Load (tf/m)
Wsw=t1*H*c Wsw= 1.2000
Wpw=t4*H*c Wpw= 1.2000

5) ground reaction
Acting Load (tf/m2)
Wbot=(t3*BT+2*Hf^2)*c/BT0 Wbot= 0.6645
Wtop Wtop= 0.6645
Ws=(Wsw*2+Wpw)/BT0 Ws= 0.9000
Pvd Pvd= 1.2000
Pvt1 Pvt1= 1.7012
Pvt2 Pvt2= 0.0000
Wiw=2*(hiw*B-2Hf^2)*w/BT0 Wiw= 0.0000 hiw: internal water depth
Up=-U/BT0 U= -2.6563
Q= 2.4739

summary of resistance moment

Item V H x y M
(tf/m) (tf/m) (m) (m) (tf.m/m) acting point of resultant force
Self weight top slab 2.6580 - 2.0000 - 5.3160 X = M/V =
side wall (left) 1.2000 - 0.0000 - 0.0000 e = BT0/2 - X =
side wall (right) 1.2000 - 4.0000 - 4.8000
partition wall 1.2000 - 2.0000 - 2.4000
invert 2.6580 - 2.0000 - 5.3160 ground reaction
load on top slab Pvd 4.8000 - 2.0000 - 9.6000 q1 = V/BT0 + 6
Pvt1 6.8047 - 2.0000 - 13.6094 q2 = V/BT0 - 6
Pvt2 0.0000 - 2.0000 - 0.0000
soil pressure side wall (left) - 6.9372 - 0.8970 6.2224
side wall (right) - -6.9372 - 0.8970 -6.2224
internal water 0.0000 - 2.0000 - 0.0000
uplift -10.6250 - 2.0000 - -21.2500
total 9.8957 19.7914

6) load against invert

Acting Load (tf/m2)
Pvd 1.2000
Pvt1 1.7012
Pvt2 0.0000
Wtop 0.6645
Ws 0.9000
Pq= 4.4657

8/ 117 (1)349279758.xls, Load

9/ 117 (1)349279758.xls, Load
Case 2: Box Culvert Inside is Empty, Underground Water up to Top slab, Track load Case. L2

1) vertical load against top slab

Acting Load (tf/m2)
Wtop= (t2*BT+2*Hf^2)*c/BT0 Wtop= 0.6645
Pvd=Gwd*gd+(D-Gwd)*gs Pvd= 1.2000
Pvt1 Pvt1= 3.9063
Pvt2 Pvt2= 0.0000
Pv1= 5.7708

2) horizontral load at top of side wall

Acting Load (tf/m2) Horizontal pressure by track tire
P1=Ka*we1 P1= 1.0416 we1= 3.1250 tf/m2
P2=Ka*we2 P2= 0.2604 we2= 0.7813 tf/m2
P3=Ka*gd*Gwd P3= 0.0000
P4=Ka*gs*(D1-Gwd) P4= 0.4833
P5=gw*(D1-Gwd) P5= 0.7250
Ph1= 2.5102

3) horizontral load at bottom of side wall

Acting Load (tf/m2)
P1=Ka*we1 P1= 1.0416
P2=Ka*we2 P2= 0.2604
P3=Ka*d*Gwd P3= 0.0000
P4=Ka*s*(D1+H0-Gwd) P4= 1.9831
P5=w*(D1+H0-Gwd) P5= 2.9750
Ph2= 6.2601

4) self weight of side wall and partition wall

Acting Load (tf/m)
Wsw=t1*H*c Wsw= 1.2000
Wpw=t4*H*c Wpw= 1.2000

5) ground reaction
Acting Load (tf/m2)
Wbot=(t3*BT+2*Hf^2)*c/BT0 Wbot= 0.6645
Wtop Wtop= 0.6645
Ws=(Wsw*2+Wpw)/BT0 Ws= 0.9000
Pvd Pvd= 1.2000
Pvt1 Pvt1= 3.9063
Pvt2 Pvt2= 0.0000
Wiw=2*(hiw*B-2Hf^2)*w/BT0 Wiw= 0.0000 hiw: internal water depth
Up=-U/B0 U= -2.6563
Q= 4.6790

summary of resistance moment

Item V H x y M
(tf/m) (tf/m) (m) (m) (tf.m/m) acting point of resultant force
Self weight top slab 2.6580 - 2.0000 - 5.3160 X = M/V =
side wall (left) 1.2000 - 0.0000 - 0.0000 e = BT0/2 - X =
side wall (right) 1.2000 - 4.0000 - 4.8000
partition wall 1.2000 - 2.0000 - 2.4000
invert 2.6580 - 2.0000 - 5.3160 ground reaction
load on top slab Pvd 4.8000 - 2.0000 - 9.6000 q1 = V/BT0 + 6
Pvt1 15.6250 - 2.0000 - 31.2500 q2 = V/BT0 - 6
Pvt2 0.0000 - 2.0000 - 0.0000
soil pressure side wall (left) - 9.8666 - 0.9647 9.5180
side wall (right) - -9.8666 - 0.9647 -9.5180
internal water 0.0000 - 2.0000 - 0.0000
uplift -10.6250 - 2.0000 - -21.2500
total 18.7160 37.4320

6) load against invert

Acting Load (tf/m2)
Pvd 1.2000
Pvt1 3.9063
Pvt2 0.0000
Wtop 0.6645
Ws 0.9000
Pq= 6.6708

10/ 117 (1)349279758.xls, Load

Case 3: Box Culvert Inside is Full, Underground Water up to invert, Track load Case. L1

1) vertical load against top slab

Acting Load (tf/m2)
Wtop= (t2*BT+2*Hf^2)*c/BT0 Wtop= 0.6645
Pvd=D*d Pvd= 1.0800
Pvt1 Pvt1= 1.7012
Pvt2 Pvt2= 0.0000
Pv1= 3.4457

2) horizontral load at top of side wall

Acting Load (tf/m2) Horizontal pressure by track tire
P1=Ka*we1 P1= 0.0000 we1= 0.0000 tf/m2
P2=Ka*we2 P2= 0.0000 we2= 0.0000 tf/m2
P3=Ka*d*D1 P3= 0.4350
WP=-w*0 P4= 0.0000
Ph1= 0.4350

3) horizontral load at bottom of side wall

Acting Load (tf/m2)
P1=Ka*we1 P1= 0.0000
P2=Ka*we2 P2= 0.0000
P3=Ka*d*(D1+H0) P3= 1.7848
WP=-w*H P4= -2.0000
Ph2= -0.2152

4) self weight of side wall

Acting Load (tf/m)
Wsw=t1*H*c Wsw= 1.2000
Wpw=t4*H*c Wpw= 1.2000

5) ground reaction
Acting Load (tf/m2)
Wbot=(t3*BT+2*Hf^2)*c/BT0 Wbot= 0.6645
Wtop Wtop= 0.6645
Ws=(Wsw*2+Wpw)/BT0 Ws= 0.9000
Pvd Pvd= 1.0800
Pvt1 Pvt1= 1.7012
Pvt2 Pvt2= 0.0000
Wiw=2*(hiw*B-2Hf^2)*w/BT0 Wiw= 1.5200 hiw: internal water depth
Up=0 U= 0.0000
Q= 6.5302

summary of resistance moment

Item V H x y M
(tf/m) (tf/m) (m) (m) (tf.m/m) acting point of resultant force
Self weight top slab 2.6580 - 2.0000 - 5.3160 X = M/V =
side wall (left) 1.2000 - 0.0000 - 0.0000 e = BT0/2 - X =
side wall (right) 1.2000 - 4.0000 - 4.8000
partition wall 1.2000 - 2.0000 - 2.4000
invert 2.6580 - 2.0000 - 5.3160 ground reaction
load on top slab Pvd 4.3200 - 2.0000 - 8.6400 q1 = V/BT0 + 6
Pvt1 6.8047 - 2.0000 - 13.6094 q2 = V/BT0 - 6
Pvt2 0.0000 - 2.0000 - 0.0000
soil pressure side wall (left) - 0.2473 - 2.2343 0.5524
side wall (right) - -0.2473 - 2.2343 -0.5524
internal water 6.0800 - 2.0000 - 12.1600
uplift 0.0000 - 2.0000 - 0.0000
total 26.1207 52.2414

6) load against invert

Acting Load (tf/m2)
Pvd 1.0800
Pvt1 1.7012
Pvt2 0.0000
Wtop 0.6645
Ws 0.9000
Pq= 4.3457

11/ 117 (1)349279758.xls, Load

Case 4: Box Culvert Inside is Full, Underground Water up to invert, Track load Case. L2

1) vertical load against top slab

Acting Load (tf/m2)
Wtop= (t2*BT+2*Hf^2)*c/BT0 Wtop= 0.6645
Pvd=D*d Pvd= 1.0800
Pvt1 Pvt1= 3.9063
Pvt2 Pvt2= 0.0000
Pv1= 5.6508

2) horizontral load at top of side wall

Acting Load (tf/m2) Horizontal pressure by track tire
P1=Ka*we1 P1= 1.0416 we1= 3.1250 tf/m2
P2=Ka*we2 P2= 0.2604 we2= 0.7813 tf/m2
P3=Ka*d*D1 P3= 0.4350
WP=-w*0 P4= 0.0000
Ph1= 1.7369

3) horizontral load at bottom of side wall

Acting Load (tf/m2)
P1=Ka*we1 P1= 1.0416
P2=Ka*we2 P2= 0.2604
P3=Ka*d*(D1+H0) P3= 1.7848
WP=-w*H P4= -2.0000
Ph2= 1.0868

4) self weight of side wall

Acting Load (tf/m)
Wsw=t1*H*c Wsw= 1.2000
Wpw=t4*H*c Wpw= 1.2000

5) ground reaction
Acting Load (tf/m2)
Wbot=(t3*BT+2*Hf^2)*c/BT0 Wbot= 0.6645
Wtop Wtop= 0.6645
Ws=(Wsw*2+Wpw)/BT0 Ws= 0.9000
Pvd Pvd= 1.0800
Pvt1 Pvt1= 3.9063
Pvt2 Pvt2= 0.0000
Wiw=(hiw*B-2Hf^2)*w/BT0 Wiw= 1.5200 hiw: internal water depth
Up=0 U= 0.0000
Q= 8.7353

summary of resistance moment

Item V H x y M
(tf/m) (tf/m) (m) (m) (tf.m/m) acting point of resultant force
Self weight top slab 2.6580 - 2.0000 - 5.3160 X = M/V =
side wall (left) 1.2000 - 0.0000 - 0.0000 e = BT0/2 - X =
side wall (right) 1.2000 - 4.0000 - 4.8000
partition wall 1.2000 - 2.0000 - 2.4000
invert 2.6580 - 2.0000 - 5.3160 ground reaction
load on top slab Pvd 4.3200 - 2.0000 - 8.6400 q1 = V/BT0 + 6
Pvt1 15.6250 - 2.0000 - 31.2500 q2 = V/BT0 - 6
Pvt2 0.0000 - 2.0000 - 0.0000
soil pressure side wall (left) - 3.1766 - 1.2113 3.8480
side wall (right) - -3.1766 - 1.2113 -3.8480
internal water 6.0800 - 2.0000 - 12.1600
uplift 0.0000 - 2.0000 - 0.0000
total 34.9410 69.8820

6) load against invert

Acting Load (tf/m2)
Pvd 1.0800
Pvt1 3.9063
Pvt2 0.0000
Wtop 0.6645
Ws 0.9000
Pq= 6.5508

Summary of Load Calculation

12/ 117 (1)349279758.xls, Load

 Item Pv1 Ph1 Ph2 Pq Wsw Wpw q1
Case (tf/m2) (tf/m2) (tf/m2) (tf/m2) (tf/m) (tf/m) (tf/m2)
Case.1 3.5657 1.2083 4.9581 4.4657 1.2000 1.2000 2.4739
Case.2 5.7708 2.5102 6.2601 6.6708 1.2000 1.2000 4.6790
Case.3 3.4457 0.4350 -0.2152 4.3457 1.2000 1.2000 6.5302
Case.4 5.6508 1.7369 1.0868 6.5508 1.2000 1.2000 8.7353

13/ 117 (1)349279758.xls, Load

 Class III Road

Class 3
5.00 t
Impact coefficient (D4.0m:0, D<4.0m:0.3) 0.3
Ground contact length of Middle Tire 0.10 m
Ground contact width of Middle Tire 0.25 m
5.00 t
0.10 m
0.25 m
1.25 t
Ground contact length of Front Tire 0.10 m
Ground contact width of Front Tire 0.25 m
0.00 t/m2

Cover depth of R-bar

Top Slab d2 0.05 m
Bottom Slab d3 0.05 m
Side Wall d1 0.05 m
Prtition Wall d4 0.05 m

14/ 117 (1)349279758.xls, Load

15/ 117 (1)349279758.xls, Load
 tf/m2, B= 4.000 m
m
m

tf/m2, B= 0.000 m
m
m

tf/m2, B= 0.000 m
m
m

tf/m2, B= 4.000 m
m
m

tf/m2, B= 0.000 m
m
m

tf/m2, B= 4.000 m
m
m

tf/m2, B= 4.000 m
m
m

tf/m2, B= 0.000 m
m
m

tf/m2, B= 0.000 m
m
m

(2) (2) (3) (3)

a) + b) a) + c) a) + b) a) + c)
3.1250 3.9063 3.1250 3.1250
3.9063 tf/m2,
for Case.L2, which is the largest load to the top slab.

m2 is applied on the top slab of culvert insetead of live load calculated above.

tf/m
tf/m

16/ 117 (1)349279758.xls, Load

hiw: internal water depth 0.00 m

acting point of resultant force

X = M/V = 2.000 m
e = BT0/2 - X = 0.000 m

ground reaction
q1 = V/BT0 + 6Ve/BT0^2 = 2.4739 tf/m2
q2 = V/BT0 - 6Ve/BT0^2 = 2.4739 tf/m2

17/ 117 (1)349279758.xls, Load

18/ 117 (1)349279758.xls, Load
hiw: internal water depth 0.00 m

acting point of resultant force

X = M/V = 2.0000 m
e = BT0/2 - X = 0.0000 m

ground reaction
q1 = V/BT0 + 6Ve/BT0^2 = 4.6790 tf/m2
q2 = V/BT0 - 6Ve/BT0^2 = 4.6790 tf/m2

19/ 117 (1)349279758.xls, Load

hiw: internal water depth 1.75 m

acting point of resultant force

X = M/V = 2.0000 m
e = BT0/2 - X = 0.0000 m

ground reaction
q1 = V/BT0 + 6Ve/BT0^2 = 6.5302 tf/m2
q2 = V/BT0 - 6Ve/BT0^2 = 6.5302 tf/m2

20/ 117 (1)349279758.xls, Load

hiw: internal water depth 1.75 m

acting point of resultant force

X = M/V = 2.0000 m
e = BT0/2 - X = 0.0000 m

ground reaction
q1 = V/BT0 + 6Ve/BT0^2 = 8.7353 tf/m2
q2 = V/BT0 - 6Ve/BT0^2 = 8.7353 tf/m2

21/ 117 (1)349279758.xls, Load

22/ 117 (1)349279758.xls, Load
## Analysis of Plane Frame

Case 1: Box Culvert Inside is Empty, Underground Water up to Top slab, Track load Case. L1

1) Calculation of Load Term

Ph1 Horizontal Pressure at top of side wall 1.208 tf/m2
Ph2 Horizontal Pressure at bottom of side wall 4.958 tf/m2
Ph3 Horizontal Pressure at top of side wall 1.208 tf/m2
Ph4 Horizontal Pressure at bottom of side wall 4.958 tf/m2
Pv1 Vertical Pressure(1) on top slab 3.566 tf/m2
Q1 Reaction to bottom slab 4.466 tf/m2
H0 Height of plane frame 2.250 m
B0 Width of plane frame 2.000 m
t1 Thickness of side wall 0.250 m
t2 Thickness of top slab 0.250 m
t3 Thickness of bottom slab 0.250 m
t4 Thickness of partition wall 0.250 m
c Unit weight of reinforcement concrete 2.400 tf/m3
L1 Height of side wall 2.000 m

CAB = CFE = (2Ph3+3Ph4)H02/60 = 1.45893 tfm

CBA = CEF = (3Ph3+2Ph4)H0 /60
CBC = CCB = CCE = CEC = Pv1B02/12
CDA = CAD = CFD = CDF = Q1B0 /12
2
= 1.14253 tfm
= 1.18856 tfm
2
= 1.48856 tfm

Pv1=3.57 tf/m2
B t2=0.25m C t2=0.25m E Ph1=1.21 tf/m2 Ph3=1.21 tf/m2
B C E
H0=2.25m t1=0.25m t4=0.25m t1=0.25m

A A D F
F
t3=0.25m D t3=0.25m Ph2=4.96 tf/m2 Ph4=4.96 tf/m2
Q1=4.47 tf/m2
B0 =2.00m B0 =2.00m

2) Calculation of Bending Moment at joint

k1 = 1.0
k2 = H0t23/(B0t13) = 1.12500
k3 = H0t /(B0t1 )
3
3 3
= 1.12500
k4 = H0t43/(H0t13) = 1.00000

As load has bilateral symmetry, the equation shown below is formed.

A = -F B = -E C = D = 0 R =0

2(k1+k3) k1 -3k3 A CAB - CAD

k1 2(k1+k2) -3k2 B = CBC - CBA
k3 k2 -2(k2+k3) R C

23/117 (2)349279758.xls, MSN

24/117 (2)349279758.xls, MSN
 RBC = B0Pv1/2 = 3.5657 tf
P = t1L1c = 1.2000 tf/m

C = [CBC - CCB + CDA - CAD + (RBC - B0Q1/2 + P)B0]/3 = 0.2000 tfm

4.25000 1.00000 -3.37500 A -0.02963

1.00000 4.25000 -3.37500 B = 0.04602
1.12500 1.12500 -4.50000 R 0.20000

By solving above equation, the result is led as shown below;

A = -0.05144 R = -0.064347
B = -0.02817

MAB = -MFE = k1(2A +B) - CAB = -1.5900 tfm

MBA = -MEF = k1(2B+A)+CBA = 1.0348 tfm
MBC = -MEC = k2(2B+C - 3R) - CBC = -1.0348 tfm
MCB = -MCE = k2(2C+B - 3R)+CCB = 1.3740 tfm
MDA = -MDF = k3(2D+A - 3R) - CDA = -1.3293 tfm
MAD = -MFD = k3 (2A+ D - 3R)+CAD = 1.5900 tfm
MA = MAB + MAD = 0.0000 tfm o.k.
MB = MBA + MBC = 0.0000 tfm o.k.
MCD = k4(2C+D) = 0.0000 tfm
MDC = k4(2D+C) = 0.0000 tfm

2) Calculation of Design Force

2-1) Side Wall
a) Shearing Force at joint MBA=1.03 tf.m

w1 Load at end A 4.958 tf/m2 w2=1.21 tf/m2

w2 Load at end B 1.208 tf/m 2
B
MAB Bending moment at end A -1.5900 tfm w1
w1
MBA Bending moment at end B 1.0348 tfm
L Length of member 2.250 m
ch Protective covering height 0.050 m
t Thickness of member (height) 0.250 m
A
d Effective height of member 0.200 m
w1=4.96 tf/m2
SAB = (2w1+w2)L/6 - (MAB+MBA)/L
= 4.4185 tf MAB=-1.59 tf.m
SBA = SAB - L(w1+w2)/2 = -2.5187 tf

b) Shearing Force at 2d point from joint

Shearing force at the point with a distance of 2d from joint is calculated by following equation.
Sx = SAB - w1x - (w2 - w1)x2/(2L)

25/117 (2)349279758.xls, MSN

(i) In case of x1 = 0.4 m
Sx1 = 2.5685 tf
(ii) In case of x2 = 1.85 m
Sx2 = -1.9021 tf

26/117 (2)349279758.xls, MSN

 c) Bending Moment
MA = MAB = -1.5900 tfm
MB = -MBA = -1.0348 tfm

The maximum bending moment occurs at the point of that shearing force equal to zero.
Sx = 0 = SAB - w1x - (w2 - w1)x2/(2L)
= 4.41847 -4.9581 x + 0.8333 x^2 , x =

Bending moment at x = 1.0913 m is;

Mmax = SABx - w1x /2 - (w2-w1)x /(6L) + MAB
2 3
= 0.6405 tfm

2-2) Top Slab

a) Shearing Force at joint

w1 Uniform load on top slab 3.566 tf/m2 w1=3.57 tf/m2

MBC Bending moment at end B -1.0348 tfm
MCB Bending moment at end C 1.3740 tfm
B
L Length of member 2.000 m
ch Protective covering height 0.050 m MBC =
x
t Thickness of member (height) 0.250 m -1.03 tf.m
d Effective height of member 0.200 m

SBC = w1L/2-(MBC+MCB)/L = 3.3960 tf L=2.00 m

SCB = SBC -w1L = -3.7353 tf

b) Shearing Force at 2d point from joint

Shearing force at the point with a distance of 2d from joint is calculated by following equation.
Sx = SBC- w1x
(i) In case of x1 = 0.400 m
Sx1 = 1.9698 tf
(ii) In case of x2 = 1.6 m
Sx2 = -2.3090 tf

c) Bending Moment
MB = MBC = -1.0348 tfm
MC = -MCB = -1.3740 tfm
Sx = SBC - w1x = 3.39603 - 3.566 x = 0 , x =
Bending moment at x = 0.9524 m is;
Mmax = SBCx - w1x2/2 + MBC = 0.58247 tfm

2-3) Invert (Bottom Slab)

a) Shearing Force at joint

w1 Reaction to bottom slab 4.466 tf/m2 L=2.00 m

MDA Bending moment at end D -1.3293 tfm
x
MAD Bending moment at end A 1.5900 tfm
A
L Length of member 2.000 m

27/117 (2)349279758.xls, MSN

ch Protective covering height 0.050 m
t Thickness of member (height) 0.250 m MAD =
d Effective height of member 0.200 m 1.59 tf.m
w1=4.47 tf/m2

28/117 (2)349279758.xls, MSN

 SDA = w1L/2 - (MDA+MAD)/L
= 4.3353 tf
SAD = SDA - Lw1 = -4.5960 tf

b) Shearing Force at 2d point from joint

Shearing force at the point with a distance of 2d from joint is calculated by following equation.
Sx = SDA- w1x
(i) In case of x1 = 0.400 m
Sx1 = 2.5490 tf
(ii) In case of x2 = 1.600 m
Sx2 = -2.80976 tf

c) Bending Moment
MD = MDA = -1.3293 tfm
MA = -MAD = -1.5900 tfm
Sx = SDA - w1x = 4.33531 - 4.466 x = 0 , x =
Bending moment at x = 0.9708 m is;
Mmax = SDAx - w1x2/2 + MDA = 0.7751 tfm

2-4) Partition Wall

a) Shearing Force at joint
w1 Load at end C 0.000 tf/m2
w2 Load at end D 0.000 tf/m2
MCD Bending moment at end C 0.000 tfm
MDC Bending moment at end D 0.000 tfm
L Length of member 2.250 m
ch Protective covering height 0.050 m
t Thickness of member (height) 0.250 m
d Effective height of member 0.200 m

SCD = w1L/2 - (MCD+MDC)/L

= 0.000 tf
SDC = SCD - Lw1 = 0.000 tf

b) Shearing Force at 2d point from joint

Shearing force at the point with a distance of 2d from joint is calculated by following equation.
Sx = SCD- w1x
(i) In case of x1 = 0.400 m
Sx1 = 0 tf
(ii) In case of x2 = 1.850 m
Sx2 = 0 tf

c) Bending Moment
MC = MCD = 0.0000 tfm
MD = -MDC = 0.0000 tfm
Sx = SCD - w1x = 0.000 - 0.000 x = 0 , x =
Bending moment at x = 1.1250 m is;
Mmax = SCDx - w1x2/2 + MCD = 0.000 tfm

29/117 (2)349279758.xls, MSN

Case 2: Box Culvert Inside is Empty, Underground Water up to Top slab, Track load Case. L2

1) Calculation of Load Term

Ph1 Horizontal Pressure at top of side wall 2.510 tf/m2
Ph2 Horizontal Pressure at bottom of side wall 6.260 tf/m2
Ph3 Horizontal Pressure at top of side wall 2.510 tf/m2
Ph4 Horizontal Pressure at bottom of side wall 6.260 tf/m2
Pv1 Vertical Pressure(1) on top slab 5.771 tf/m2
Q1 Reaction to bottom slab 6.671 tf/m2
H0 Height of plane frame 2.250 m
B0 Width of plane frame 2.000 m
t1 Thickness of side wall 0.250 m
t2 Thickness of top slab 0.250 m
t3 Thickness of bottom slab 0.250 m
t4 Thickness of partition wall 0.250 m
c Unit weight of reinforcement concrete 2.400 tf/m3
L1 Height of side wall 2.000 m

CAB = CFE = (2Ph3+3Ph4)H02/60 = 2.0082 tfm

CBA = CEF = (3Ph3+2Ph4)H02/60 = 1.6918 tfm
CBC = CCB = CCE = CEC = Pv1B02/12 = 1.9236 tfm
CDA = CAD = CFD = CDF = Q1B0 /12 2
= 2.2236 tfm

Pv1=5.77 tf/m2
B t2=0.25m C t2=0.25m E Ph1=2.51 tf/m2 Ph3 =2.51 tf/m2
B C E
H0=2.25m t1=0.25m t4=0.25m t1=0.25m

A A D F
F
t3=0.25m D t3=0.25m Ph2 =6.26 tf/m2 Ph4 =6.26 tf/m2
Q1=6.67 tf/m2
B0 =2.00m B0 =2.00m

2) Calculation of Bending Moment at joint

k1 = 1.0
k2 = H0t23/(B0t13) = 1.12500
k3 = H0t33/(B0t13) = 1.12500
k4 = H0t43/(H0t13) = 1.00000

As load has bilateral symmetry, the equation shown below is formed.

A = -F B = -E C = D = 0 R =0

2(k1+k3) k1 -3k3 A CAB - CAD

k1 2(k1+k2) -3k2 B = CBC - CBA
k3 k2 -2(k2+k3) R C

30/117 (2)349279758.xls, MSN

 RBC = B0Pv1/2 = 5.7708 tf
P = t1L1c = 1.2000 tf/m

C = [CBC - CCB + CDA - CAD + (RBC - B0Q1/2 + P)B0]/3 = 0.2000 tfm

4.25000 1.00000 -3.37500 A -0.2154

1.00000 4.25000 -3.37500 B = 0.2318
1.12500 1.12500 -4.50000 R 0.2000

By solving above equation, the result is led as shown below;

A = -0.1086 R = -0.0643
B = 0.0290

MAB = -MFE = k1(2A +B) - CAB = -2.1964 tfm

MBA = -MEF = k1(2B+A)+CBA = 1.6412 tfm
MBC = -MEC = k2(2B+C - 3R) - CBC = -1.6412 tfm
MCB = -MCE = k2(2C+B - 3R)+CCB = 2.1734 tfm
MDA = -MDF = k3(2D+A - 3R) - CDA = -2.1286 tfm
MAD = -MFD = k3 (2A+ D - 3R)+CAD = 2.1964 tfm
MA = MAB + MAD = 0.0000 tfm o.k.
MB = MBA + MBC = 0.0000 tfm o.k.
MCD = k4(2C+D) = 0.0000 tfm
MDC = k4(2D+C) = 0.0000 tfm

2) Calculation of Design Force

2-1) Side Wall
a) Shearing Force at joint MBA=1.64 tf.m

w1 Load at end A 6.260 tf/m2 w2=2.51 tf/m2

w2 Load at end B 2.510 tf/m 2
B
MAB Bending moment at end A -2.1964 tfm w1
w1
MBA Bending moment at end B 1.6412 tfm
L Length of member 2.250 m
ch Protective covering height 0.050 m
t Thickness of member (height) 0.250 m
d Effective height of member 0.200 m A
w1=6.26 tf/m2
SAB = (2w1+w2)L/6 - (MAB+MBA)/L
= 5.8832 tf MAB=-2.20 tf.m
SBA = SAB - L(w1+w2)/2 = -3.9834 tf

b) Shearing Force at 2d point from joint

Shearing force at the point with a distance of 2d from joint is calculated by following equation.
Sx = SAB - w1x - (w2 - w1)x2/(2L)
(i) In case of x1 = 0.4 m
Sx1 = 3.5125 tf
(ii) In case of x2 = 1.85 m
Sx2 = -2.8460 tf

31/117 (2)349279758.xls, MSN

c) Bending Moment
MA = MAB = -2.1964 tfm
MB = -MBA = -1.6412 tfm

32/117 (2)349279758.xls, MSN

 The maximum bending moment occurs at the point of that shearing force equal to zero.
Sx = 0 = SAB - w1x - (w2 - w1)x2/(2L)
= 5.88317 -6.2601 x + 0.83330 x^2 , x =

Bending moment at x = 1.1012 m is;

Mmax = SABx - w1x2/2 - (w2-w1)x3/(6L) + MAB = 0.8574 tfm

2-2) Top Slab

a) Shearing Force at joint

w1 Uniform load on top slab 5.771 tf/m2 w1=5.77 tf/m2

MBC Bending moment at end B -1.6412 tfm
MCB Bending moment at end C 2.1734 tfm
L Length of member 2.000 m B
ch Protective covering height 0.050 m MBC =
t Thickness of member (height) 0.250 m -1.64 tf.m
x
d Effective height of member 0.200 m

SBC = w1L/2-(MBC+MCB)/L = 5.5047 tf L=2.00 m

SCB = SBC -w1L = -6.0368 tf

b) Shearing Force at 2d point from joint

Shearing force at the point with a distance of 2d from joint is calculated by following equation.
Sx = SBC- w1x
(i) In case of x1 = 0.400 m
Sx1 = 3.1964 tf
(ii) In case of x2 = 1.6 m
Sx2 = -3.7285 tf

c) Bending Moment
MB = MBC = -1.6412 tfm
MC = -MCB = -2.1734 tfm
Sx = SBC - w1x = 5.50465 - 5.771 x = 0 , x =
Bending moment at x = 0.9539 m is;
Mmax = SBCx - w1x2/2 + MBC = 0.9842 tfm

2-3) Invert (Bottom Slab)

a) Shearing Force at joint

w1 Reaction to bottom slab 6.671 tf/m2 L=2.00 m

MDA Bending moment at end D -2.1286 tfm
x
MAD Bending moment at end A 2.1964 tfm
L Length of member 2.000 m A
ch Protective covering height 0.050 m
t Thickness of member (height) 0.250 m MAD =
d Effective height of member 0.200 m 2.20 tf.m
w1=6.67 tf/m2

SDA = w1L/2 - (MDA+MAD)/L

= 6.6368 tf

33/117 (2)349279758.xls, MSN

SAD = SDA - Lw1 = -6.7047 tf

34/117 (2)349279758.xls, MSN

 b) Shearing Force at 2d point from joint
Shearing force at the point with a distance of 2d from joint is calculated by following equation.
Sx = SDA- w1x
(i) In case of x1 = 0.400 m
Sx1 = 3.9685 tf
(ii) In case of x2 = 1.600 m
Sx2 = -4.03635 tf

c) Bending Moment
MD = MDA = -2.1286 tfm
MA = -MAD = -2.1964 tfm
Sx = SDA - w1x = 6.6368 - 6.671 x = 0 , x =
Bending moment at x = 0.9949 m is;
Mmax = SDAx - w1x2/2 + MDA = 1.1730 tfm

2-4) Partition Wall

a) Shearing Force at joint
w1 Load at end C 0.000 tf/m2
w2 Load at end D 0.000 tf/m2
MCD Bending moment at end C 0.000 tfm
MDC Bending moment at end D 0.000 tfm
L Length of member 2.250 m
ch Protective covering height 0.050 m
t Thickness of member (height) 0.250 m
d Effective height of member 0.200 m

SCD = w1L/2 - (MCD+MDC)/L

= 0 tf
SDC = SCD - Lw1 = 0 tf

b) Shearing Force at 2d point from joint

Shearing force at the point with a distance of 2d from joint is calculated by following equation.
Sx = SCD- w1x
(i) In case of x1 = 0.400 m
Sx1 = 0.000 tf
(ii) In case of x2 = 1.850 m
Sx2 = 0.000 tf

c) Bending Moment
MC = MCD = 0.00000 tfm
MD = -MDC = 0.00000 tfm
Sx = SCD - w1x = 0 - 0.000 x = 0 , x =
Bending moment at x = 1.1250 m is;
Mmax = SCDx - w1x2/2 + MCD = 0.000 tfm

35/117 (2)349279758.xls, MSN

Case 3: Box Culvert Inside is Full, Underground Water up to invert, Track load Case. L1

1) Calculation of Load Term

Ph1 Horizontal Pressure at top of side wall 0.435 tf/m2
Ph2 Horizontal Pressure at bottom of side wall -0.215 tf/m2
Ph3 Horizontal Pressure at top of side wall 0.435 tf/m2
Ph4 Horizontal Pressure at bottom of side wall -0.215 tf/m2
Pv1 Vertical Pressure(1) on top slab 3.446 tf/m2
Q1 Reaction to bottom slab 4.346 tf/m2
H0 Height of plane frame 2.250 m
B0 Width of plane frame 2.000 m
t1 Thickness of side wall 0.250 m
t2 Thickness of top slab 0.250 m
t3 Thickness of bottom slab 0.250 m
t4 Thickness of partition wall 0.250 m
c Unit weight of reinforcement concrete 2.400 tf/m3
L1 Height of side wall 2.000 m

CAB = CFE = (2Ph3+3Ph4)H02/60 = 0.01893 tfm

CBA = CEF = (3Ph3+2Ph4)H02/60 = 0.07379 tfm
CBC = CCB = CCE = CEC = Pv1B02/12 = 1.14856 tfm
CDA = CAD = CFD = CDF = Q1B0 /12 2
= 1.44856 tfm

Pv1=3.45 tf/m2
B t2=0.25m C t2=0.25m E Ph1=0.43 tf/m2 Ph3 =0.43 tf/m2
B C E
H0=2.25m t1=0.25m t4=0.25m t1=0.25m

A A D F
F
t3=0.25m D t3=0.25m Ph2 =-0.22 tf/m2 Ph4 =-0.22 tf/m
Q1=4.35 tf/m2
B0 =2.00m B0 =2.00m

2) Calculation of Bending Moment at joint

k1 = 1.0
k2 = H0t23/(B0t13) = 1.12500
k3 = H0t33/(B0t13) = 1.12500
k4 = H0t43/(H0t13) = 1.00000

As load has bilateral symmetry, the equation shown below is formed.

A = -F B = -E C = D = 0 R =0

2(k1+k3) k1 -3k3 A CAB - CAD

k1 2(k1+k2) -3k2 B = CBC - CBA
k3 k2 -2(k2+k3) R C

36/117 (2)349279758.xls, MSN

RBC = B0Pv1/2 = 3.445672 tf
P = t1L1c = 1.20000 tf/m

37/117 (2)349279758.xls, MSN

 C = [CBC - CCB + CDA - CAD + (RBC - B0Q1/2 + P)B0]/3 = 0.2 tfm

4.25000 1.00000 -3.37500 A -1.42963

1.00000 4.25000 -3.37500 B = 1.07477
1.12500 1.12500 -4.50000 R 0.20000

By solving above equation, the result is led as shown below;

A = -0.47720 R = -0.09040
B = 0.29338

MAB = -MFE = k1(2A +B) - CAB = -0.6800 tfm

MBA = -MEF = k1(2B+A)+CBA = 0.1834 tfm
MBC = -MEC = k2(2B+C - 3R) - CBC = -0.1834 tfm
MCB = -MCE = k2(2C+B - 3R)+CCB = 1.7837 tfm
MDA = -MDF = k3(2D+A - 3R) - CDA = -1.6803 tfm
MAD = -MFD = k3 (2A+ D - 3R)+CAD = 0.6800 tfm
MA = MAB + MAD = 0.0000 tfm o.k.
MB = MBA + MBC = 0.0000 tfm o.k.
MCD = k4(2C+D) = 0.0000 tfm
MDC = k4(2D+C) = 0.0000 tfm

2) Calculation of Design Force

2-1) Side Wall
a) Shearing Force at joint MBA=0.18 tf.m

w1 Load at end A -0.215 tf/m2 w2=0.43 tf/m2

w2 Load at end B 0.435 tf/m 2
B
MAB Bending moment at end A -0.6800 tfm w1
w1
MBA Bending moment at end B 0.1834 tfm
L Length of member 2.250 m
ch Protective covering height 0.050 m
t Thickness of member (height) 0.250 m
d Effective height of member 0.200 m A
w1=-0.22 tf/m2
SAB = (2w1+w2)L/6 - (MAB+MBA)/L
= 0.2224 tf MAB=-0.68 tf.m
SBA = SAB - L(w1+w2)/2 = -0.0248 tf

b) Shearing Force at 2d point from joint

Shearing force at the point with a distance of 2d from joint is calculated by following equation.
Sx = SAB - w1x - (w2 - w1)x2/(2L)

(i) In case of x1 = 0.4 m

Sx1 = 0.2854 tf
(ii) In case of x2 = 1.85 m
Sx2 = 0.1261 tf

38/117 (2)349279758.xls, MSN

 c) Bending Moment
MA = MAB = -0.6800 tfm
MB = -MBA = -0.1834 tfm

The maximum bending moment occurs at the point of that shearing force equal to zero.
Sx = 0 = SAB - w1x - (w2 - w1)x2/(2L)
= 0.22244 0.2152 x + -0.14447 x^2 , x =

Bending moment at x = 2.1918 m is;

Mmax = SABx - w1x /2 - (w2-w1)x /(6L) + MAB
2 3
= -0.1826 tfm

2-2) Top Slab

a) Shearing Force at joint

w1 Uniform load on top slab 3.446 tf/m2 w1=3.45 tf/m2

MBC Bending moment at end B -0.1834 tfm
MCB Bending moment at end C 1.7837 tfm
L Length of member 2.000 m B
ch Protective covering height 0.050 m MBC =
t Thickness of member (height) 0.250 m -0.18 tf.m
x
d Effective height of member 0.200 m

SBC = w1L/2-(MBC+MCB)/L = 2.6455 tf L=2.00 m

SCB = SBC -w1L = -4.2459 tf

b) Shearing Force at 2d point from joint

Shearing force at the point with a distance of 2d from joint is calculated by following equation.
Sx = SBC- w1x
(i) In case of x1 = 0.400 m
Sx1 = 1.2672 tf
(ii) In case of x2 = 1.6 m
Sx2 = -2.8676 tf

c) Bending Moment
MB = MBC = -0.1834 tfm
MC = -MCB = -1.7837 tfm
Sx = SBC - w1x = 2.6455 - 3.446 x = 0 , x =
Bending moment at x = 0.7678 m is;
Mmax = SBCx - w1x2/2 + MBC = 0.8322 tfm

2-3) Invert (Bottom Slab)

a) Shearing Force at joint

w1 Reaction to bottom slab 4.346 tf/m2 L=2.00 m

MDA Bending moment at end B -1.6803 tfm
x
MAD Bending moment at end C 0.6800 tfm
L Length of member 2.000 m A
ch Protective covering height 0.050 m
t Thickness of member (height) 0.250 m MAD =
d Effective height of member 0.200 m 0.68 tf.m

39/117 (2)349279758.xls, MSN

 w1=4.35 tf/m2

40/117 (2)349279758.xls, MSN

 SDA = w1L/2 - (MDA+MAD)/L
= 4.8459 tf
SAD = SDA - Lw1 = -3.8455 tf

b) Shearing Force at 2d point from joint

Shearing force at the point with a distance of 2d from joint is calculated by following equation.
Sx = SDA- w1x
(i) In case of x1 = 0.400 m
Sx1 = 3.1076 tf
(ii) In case of x2 = 1.600 m
Sx2 = -2.1072 tf

c) Bending Moment
MD = MDA = -1.6803 tfm
MA = -MAD = -0.6800 tfm
Sx = SDA - w1x = 4.84585 - 4.346 x = 0 , x =
Bending moment at x = 1.1151 m is;
Mmax = SDAx - w1x2/2 + MDA = 1.0215 tfm

2-4) Partition Wall

a) Shearing Force at joint
w1 Load at end C 0.000 tf/m2
w2 Load at end D 0.000 tf/m2
MCD Bending moment at end C 0.000 tfm
MDC Bending moment at end D 0.000 tfm
L Length of member 2.250 m
ch Protective covering height 0.050 m
t Thickness of member (height) 0.250 m
d Effective height of member 0.200 m

SCD = w1L/2 - (MCD+MDC)/L

= 0 tf
SDC = SCD - Lw1 = 0 tf

b) Shearing Force at 2d point from joint

Shearing force at the point with a distance of 2d from joint is calculated by following equation.
Sx = SCD- w1x
(i) In case of x1 = 0.400 m
Sx1 = 0 tf
(ii) In case of x2 = 1.850 m
Sx2 = 0 tf

c) Bending Moment
MC = MCD = 0.00000 tfm
MD = -MDC = 0.00000 tfm
Sx = SCD - w1x = 0 - 0.000 x = 0 , x =
Bending moment at x = 1.1250 m is;
Mmax = SCDx - w1x2/2 + MCD = 0 tfm

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Case 4: Box Culvert Inside is Full, Underground Water up to invert, Track load Case. L2

1) Calculation of Load Term

Ph1 Horizontal Pressure at top of side wall 1.737 tf/m2
Ph2 Horizontal Pressure at bottom of side wall 1.087 tf/m2
Ph3 Horizontal Pressure at top of side wall 1.737 tf/m2
Ph4 Horizontal Pressure at bottom of side wall 1.087 tf/m2
Pv1 Vertical Pressure(1) on top slab 5.651 tf/m2
Q1 Reaction to bottom slab 6.551 tf/m2
H0 Height of plane frame 2.250 m
B0 Width of plane frame 2.000 m
t1 Thickness of side wall 0.250 m
t2 Thickness of top slab 0.250 m
t3 Thickness of bottom slab 0.250 m
t4 Thickness of partition wall 0.250 m
c Unit weight of reinforcement concrete 2.400 tf/m3
L1 Height of side wall 2.000 m

CAB = CFE = (2Ph3+3Ph4)H02/60 = 0.56819 tfm

CBA = CEF = (3Ph3+2Ph4)H02/60 = 0.62305 tfm
CBC = CCB = CCE = CEC = Pv1B02/12 = 1.88358 tfm
CDA = CAD = CFD = CDF = Q1B0 /12 2
= 2.18358 tfm

Pv1=5.65 tf/m2
B t2=0.25m C t2=0.25m E Ph1=1.74 tf/m2 Ph3 =1.74 tf/m2
B C E
H0=2.25m t1=0.25m t4=0.25m t1=0.25m

A A D F
F
t3=0.25m D t3=0.25m Ph2 =1.09 tf/m2 Ph4 =1.09 tf/m2
Q1=6.55 tf/m2
B0 =2.00m B0 =2.00m

2) Calculation of Bending Moment at joint

k1 = 1.0
k2 = H0t23/(B0t13) = 1.12500
k3 = H0t33/(B0t13) = 1.12500
k4 = H0t43/(H0t13) = 1.00000

As load has bilateral symmetry, the equation shown below is formed.

A = -F B = -E C = D = 0 R =0

2(k1+k3) k1 -3k3 A CAB - CAD

k1 2(k1+k2) -3k2 B = CBC - CBA
k3 k2 -2(k2+k3) R C

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RBC = B0Pv1/2 = 5.6508 tf
P = t1L1c = 1.2000 tf/m

C = [CBC - CCB + CDA - CAD + (RBC - B0Q1/2 + P)B0]/3 = 0.2 tfm

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 4.25000 1.00000 -3.37500 A -1.61539
1.00000 4.25000 -3.37500 B = 1.26053
1.12500 1.12500 -4.50000 R 0.20000

By solving above equation, the result is led as shown below;

A = -0.53436 R = -0.09040
B = 0.35054

MAB = -MFE = k1(2A +B) - CAB = -1.2864 tfm

MBA = -MEF = k1(2B+A)+CBA = 0.7898 tfm
MBC = -MEC = k2(2B+C - 3R) - CBC = -0.7898 tfm
MCB = -MCE = k2(2C+B - 3R)+CCB = 2.5830 tfm
MDA = -MDF = k3(2D+A - 3R) - CDA = -2.4796 tfm
MAD = -MFD = k3 (2A+ D - 3R)+CAD = 1.2864 tfm
MA = MAB + MAD = 0.0000 tfm o.k.
MB = MBA + MBC = 0.0000 tfm o.k.
MCD = k4(2C+D) = 0.0000 tfm
MDC = k4(2D+C) = 0.0000 tfm

2) Calculation of Design Force

2-1) Side Wall
a) Shearing Force at joint MBA=0.79 tf.m

w1 Load at end A 1.087 tf/m2 w2=1.74 tf/m2

w2 Load at end B 1.737 tf/m 2
B
MAB Bending moment at end A -1.2864 tfm w1
w1
MBA Bending moment at end B 0.7898 tfm
L Length of member 2.250 m
ch Protective covering height 0.050 m
t Thickness of member (height) 0.250 m
d Effective height of member 0.200 m A
w1=1.09 tf/m2
SAB = (2w1+w2)L/6 - (MAB+MBA)/L
= 1.6871 tf MAB=-1.29 tf.m
SBA = SAB - L(w1+w2)/2 = -1.4895 tf

b) Shearing Force at 2d point from joint

Shearing force at the point with a distance of 2d from joint is calculated by following equation.
Sx = SAB - w1x - (w2 - w1)x2/(2L)

(i) In case of x1 = 0.4 m

Sx1 = 1.2293 tf
(ii) In case of x2 = 1.85 m
Sx2 = -0.8179 tf

c) Bending Moment
MA = MAB = -1.28637 tfm

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MB = -MBA = -0.78977 tfm

45/117 (2)349279758.xls, MSN

 The maximum bending moment occurs at the point of that shearing force equal to zero.
Sx = 0 = SAB - w1x - (w2 - w1)x2/(2L)
= 1.68713 -1.0868 x + -0.14447 x^2 , x =

Bending moment at x = 1.3206 m is;

Mmax = SABx - w1x2/2 - (w2-w1)x3/(6L) + MAB = -0.1169 tfm

2-2) Top Slab

a) Shearing Force at joint

w1 Uniform load on top slab 5.651 tf/m2 w1=5.65 tf/m2

MBC Bending moment at end B -0.7898 tfm
MCB Bending moment at end C 2.5830 tfm
L Length of member 2.000 m B
ch Protective covering height 0.050 m MBC =
t Thickness of member (height) 0.250 m -0.79 tf.m x
d Effective height of member 0.200 m

SBC = w1L/2-(MBC+MCB)/L = 4.7541 tf L=2.00 m

SCB = SBC -w1L = -6.5474 tf

b) Shearing Force at 2d point from joint

Shearing force at the point with a distance of 2d from joint is calculated by following equation.
Sx = SBC- w1x
(i) In case of x1 = 0.400 m
Sx1 = 2.4938 tf
(ii) In case of x2 = 1.6 m
Sx2 = -4.2871 tf

c) Bending Moment
MB = MBC = -0.7898 tfm
MC = -MCB = -2.5830 tfm
Sx = SBC - w1x = 4.7541 - 5.651 x = 0 , x =
Bending moment at x = 0.8413 m is;
Mmax = SBCx - w1x2/2 + MBC = 1.2101 tfm

2-3) Invert (Bottom Slab)

a) Shearing Force at joint

w1 Reaction to bottom slab 6.551 tf/m2 L=2.00 m

MDA Bending moment at end B -2.4796 tfm
x
MAD Bending moment at end C 1.2864 tfm
L Length of member 2.000 m A
ch Protective covering height 0.050 m
t Thickness of member (height) 0.250 m MAD =
d Effective height of member 0.200 m 1.29 tf.m
w1=6.55 tf/m2

SDA = w1L/2 - (MDA+MAD)/L

= 7.1474 tf

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SAD = SDA - Lw1 = -5.9541 tf

47/117 (2)349279758.xls, MSN

 b) Shearing Force at 2d point from joint
Shearing force at the point with a distance of 2d from joint is calculated by following equation.
Sx = SDA- w1x
(i) In case of x1 = 0.400 m
Sx1 = 4.5271 tf
(ii) In case of x2 = 1.600 m
Sx2 = -3.3338 tf

c) Bending Moment
MD = MDA = -2.4796 tfm
MA = -MAD = -1.2864 tfm
Sx = SDA - w1x = 7.14738 - 6.551 x = 0 , x =
Bending moment at x = 1.0911 m is;
Mmax = SDAx - w1x2/2 + MDA = 1.41954 tfm

2-4) Partition Wall

a) Shearing Force at joint
w1 Load at end C 0.000 tf/m2
w2 Load at end D 0.000 tf/m2
MCD Bending moment at end C 0.000 tfm
MDC Bending moment at end D 0.000 tfm
L Length of member 2.250 m
ch Protective covering height 0.050 m
t Thickness of member (height) 0.250 m
d Effective height of member 0.200 m

SCD = w1L/2 - (MCD+MDC)/L

= 0 tf
SDC = SCD - Lw1 = 0 tf

b) Shearing Force at 2d point from joint

Shearing force at the point with a distance of 2d from joint is calculated by following equation.
Sx = SCD- w1x
(i) In case of x1 = 0.400 m
Sx1 = 0 tf
(ii) In case of x2 = 1.850 m
Sx2 = 0 tf

c) Bending Moment
MC = MCD = 0.00000 tfm
MD = -MDC = 0.00000 tfm
Sx = SCD - w1x = 0 - 0.000 x = 0 , x =
Bending moment at x = 1.1250 m is;
Mmax = SCDx - w1x2/2 + MCD = 0 tfm

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Ph3=1.21 tf/m2

Ph4=4.96 tf/m2

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50/117 (2)349279758.xls, MSN
MBA=1.03 tf.m

L=2.25 m
x
w1
w1

MAB=-1.59 tf.m

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52/117 (2)349279758.xls, MSN
 4.8587
1.0913

w1=3.57 tf/m2

MCB =
1.37 tf.m

L=2.00 m

0.9524

L=2.00 m

53/117 (2)349279758.xls, MSN

 MDA =
-1.33 tf.m
w1=4.47 tf/m2

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 0.9708

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Ph3 =2.51 tf/m2

Ph4 =6.26 tf/m2

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MBA=1.64 tf.m

L=2.25 m
x
w1
w1

MAB=-2.20 tf.m

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58/117 (2)349279758.xls, MSN
 6.4112
1.1012

w1=5.77 tf/m2

MCB =
2.17 tf.m

L=2.00 m

0.9539

L=2.00 m

MDA =
-2.13 tf.m
w1=6.67 tf/m2

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60/117 (2)349279758.xls, MSN
 0.9949

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Ph3 =0.43 tf/m2

Ph4 =-0.22 tf/m2

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63/117 (2)349279758.xls, MSN
MBA=0.18 tf.m

x L=2.25 m
w1
w1

MAB=-0.68 tf.m

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 -0.702
2.192

w1=3.45 tf/m2

MCB =
1.78 tf.m

L=2.00 m

0.7678

L=2.00 m

MDA =
-1.68 tf.m

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w1=4.35 tf/m2

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 1.1151

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Ph3 =1.74 tf/m2

Ph4 =1.09 tf/m2

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69/117 (2)349279758.xls, MSN
MBA=0.79 tf.m

x L=2.25 m
w1
w1

MAB=-1.29 tf.m

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71/117 (2)349279758.xls, MSN
 -8.843
1.321

w1=5.65 tf/m2

MCB =
2.58 tf.m

L=2.00 m

0.8413

L=2.00 m

MDA =
-2.48 tf.m
w1=6.55 tf/m2

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73/117 (2)349279758.xls, MSN
 1.0911

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Summary of Internal forces

M N S (tf)
Member Case Check Point
(tfm) (tf) at joint at 2d
Side wall A -1.590 4.596 4.418 2.569
(left) Case.1 Middle 0.640 4.014 0.000 -
B -1.035 3.396 -2.519 -1.902
A -2.196 6.705 5.883 3.512
Case.2 Middle 0.857 6.117 0.000 -
B -1.641 5.505 -3.983 -2.846
A -0.680 3.845 0.222 0.285
Case.3 Middle -0.183 2.677 0.000 -
B -0.183 2.645 -0.025 0.126
A -1.286 5.954 1.687 1.229
Case.4 Middle -0.117 5.250 0.000 -
B -0.790 4.754 -1.490 -0.818
Top slab B -1.035 2.519 3.396 1.970
(left) Case.1 Middle 0.582 2.519 0.000 -
C -1.374 2.519 -3.735 -2.309
B -1.641 3.983 5.505 3.196
Case.2 Middle 0.984 3.983 0.000 -
C -2.173 3.983 -6.037 -3.729
B -0.183 0.025 2.645 1.267
Case.3 Middle 0.832 0.025 0.000 -
C -1.784 0.025 -4.246 -2.868
B -0.790 0.025 4.754 2.494
Case.4 Middle 1.210 0.025 0.000 -
C -2.583 0.025 -6.547 -4.287
Partition C 0.000 7.471 0.000 0.000
wall Case.1 Middle 0.000 8.071 0.000 -
D 0.000 8.671 0.000 0.000
C 0.000 12.074 0.000 0.000
Case.2 Middle 0.000 12.674 0.000 -
D 0.000 13.274 0.000 0.000
C 0.000 8.492 0.000 0.000
Case.3 Middle 0.000 9.092 0.000 -
D 0.000 9.692 0.000 0.000
C 0.000 13.095 0.000 0.000
Case.4 Middle 0.000 13.695 0.000 -
D 0.000 14.295 0.000 0.000
Invert D -1.329 4.418 4.335 2.549
(left) Case.1 Middle 0.775 4.418 0.000 -
A -1.590 4.418 -4.596 -2.810
D -2.129 5.883 6.637 3.969
Case.2 Middle 1.173 5.883 0.000 -
A -2.196 5.883 -6.705 -4.036
D -1.680 0.222 4.846 3.108
Case.3 Middle 1.021 0.222 0.000 -
A -0.680 0.222 -3.845 -2.107
D -2.480 1.687 7.147 4.527
Case.4 Middle 1.420 1.687 0.000 -
A -1.286 1.687 -5.954 -3.334

75/117 (3)349279758.xls, Sum MSN

 M N S (tf)
Member Case Check Point
(tfm) (tf) at joint at 2d
Top slab C -1.374 2.519 3.735 2.309
(right) Case.1 Middle 0.582 2.519 0.000 -
E -1.035 2.519 -3.396 -1.970
C -2.173 3.983 6.037 3.729
Case.2 Middle 0.984 3.983 0.000 -
E -1.641 3.983 -5.505 -3.196
C -1.784 0.025 4.246 2.868
Case.3 Middle 0.832 0.025 0.000 -
E -0.183 0.025 -2.645 -1.267
C -2.583 0.025 6.547 4.287
Case.4 Middle 1.210 0.025 0.000 -
E -0.790 0.025 -4.754 -2.494
Side wall E -1.035 3.396 2.519 1.902
(right) Case.1 Middle 0.640 4.014 0.000 -
F -1.590 4.596 -4.418 -2.569
E -1.641 5.505 3.983 2.846
Case.2 Middle 0.857 6.117 0.000 -
F -2.196 6.705 -5.883 -3.512
E -0.183 2.645 0.025 -0.126
Case.3 Middle -0.183 2.677 0.000 -
F -0.680 3.845 -0.222 -0.285
E -0.790 4.754 1.490 0.818
Case.4 Middle -0.117 5.250 0.000 -
F -1.286 5.954 -1.687 -1.229
Invert F -1.590 4.418 4.596 2.810
(right) Case.1 Middle 0.775 4.418 0.000 -
D -1.329 4.418 -4.335 -2.549
F -2.196 5.883 6.705 4.036
Case.2 Middle 1.173 5.883 0.000 -
D -2.129 5.883 -6.637 -3.969
F -0.680 0.222 3.845 2.107
Case.3 Middle 1.021 0.222 0.000 -
D -1.680 0.222 -4.846 -3.108
F -1.286 1.687 5.954 3.334
Case.4 Middle 1.420 1.687 0.000 -
D -2.480 1.687 -7.147 -4.527

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5 Calculation of Required Reinforcement Bar
5-1 Calculation of Required Reinforcement Bar Goal Seek
1) At Joint "A"of side wall
Case.1
M= 1.5900 tfm ca = 60 kgf/m2 h= 25 cm (height of member)
N= 4.5960 tf sa = 1400 kgf/m2 d= 20 cm (effective height of member)
S0= 4.4185 tf n= 24 d' = 5 cm (protective covering depth)
S2d= 2.5685 tf c= 7.50 cm (distance from neutral axis)
b= 100 cm
e = M/N = 34.5946 cm
Solving the fomula shown below, c = 31.3325 kgf/cm2 ( 3.03E-007 kgf/cm2) o.k. h d
c^3+{3sa/(2n) - 3N(e+c)/(bd^2)}c^2 - 6N(e+c)sac/(nbd^2) - 3N(e+c)sa^2/(n^2bd^2) = 0 d1
0 = c^3 +72.99 c^2 -1692.85 c -49374.67
s = nc/(nc+sa) = 0.3494
Asreq = (c*s/2 - N/(bd))bd/sa = 4.5376 cm2

Case.2
M= 2.1964 tfm ca = 60 kgf/m2 h= 25 cm (height of member)
N= 6.7047 tf sa = 1400 kgf/m2 d= 20 cm (effective height of member)
S0= 5.8832 tf n= 24 d' = 5 cm (protective covering depth)
S2d= 3.5125 tf c= 7.50 cm (distance from neutral axis)
b= 100 cm
e = M/N = 32.7593 cm
Solving the fomula shown below, c = 38.9162 kgf/cm2 ( 4.55E-005 kgf/cm2) o.k.
c^3+{3sa/(2n) - 3N(e+c)/(bd^2)}c^2 - 6N(e+c)sac/(nbd^2) - 3N(e+c)sa^2/(n^2bd^2) = 0
0 = c^3 +67.26 c^2 -2361.84 c -68887.05
s = nc/(nc+sa) = 0.4002
Asreq = (c*s/2 - N/(bd))bd/sa = 6.3346 cm2

Case.3
M= 0.6800 tfm ca = 60 kgf/m2 h= 25 cm (height of member)
N= 3.8455 tf sa = 1400 kgf/m2 d= 20 cm (effective height of member)
S0= 0.2224 tf n= 24 d' = 5 cm (protective covering depth)
S2d= 0.2854 tf c= 7.50 cm (distance from neutral axis)
b= 100 cm
e = M/N = 17.6818 cm
Solving the fomula shown below, c = 20.4316 kgf/cm2 ( 2.27E-007 kgf/cm2) o.k.
c^3+{3sa/(2n) - 3N(e+c)/(bd^2)}c^2 - 6N(e+c)sac/(nbd^2) - 3N(e+c)sa^2/(n^2bd^2) = 0
0 = c^3 +80.24 c^2 -847.32 c -24713.45
s = nc/(nc+sa) = 0.2594
Asreq = (c*s/2 - N/(bd))bd/sa = 1.0389 cm2

Case.4
M= 1.2864 tfm ca = 60 kgf/m2 h= 25 cm (height of member)
N= 5.9541 tf sa = 1400 kgf/m2 d= 20 cm (effective height of member)
S0= 1.6871 tf n= 24 d' = 5 cm (protective covering depth)
S2d= 1.2293 tf c= 7.50 cm (distance from neutral axis)
b= 100 cm
e = M/N = 21.6047 cm
Solving the fomula shown below, c = 29.2154 kgf/cm2 ( 2.62E-006 kgf/cm2) o.k.
c^3+{3sa/(2n) - 3N(e+c)/(bd^2)}c^2 - 6N(e+c)sac/(nbd^2) - 3N(e+c)sa^2/(n^2bd^2) = 0
0 = c^3 +74.5 c^2 -1516.31 c -44225.83
s = nc/(nc+sa) = 0.3337
Asreq = (c*s/2 - N/(bd))bd/sa = 2.7109 cm2

The maximum requirement of reinforcement bar is 6.3346 cm2 in Case. 2 from above calculation.

Case. 1 2 3 4
Requirement 4.5376 6.3346 1.0389 2.7109 (cm2)

2) At Joint "B"of side wall

Case.1
M= 1.0348 tfm ca = 60 kgf/m2 h= 25 cm (height of member)
N= 3.3960 tf sa = 1400 kgf/m2 d= 20 cm (effective height of member)
S0= 2.5187 tf n= 24 d' = 5 cm (protective covering depth)
S2d= 1.9021 tf c= 7.50 cm (distance from neutral axis)
b= 100 cm
e = M/N = 30.4697 cm
Solving the fomula shown below, c = 24.3042 kgf/cm2 ( 0.0002508 kgf/cm2) o.k. h d
c^3+{3sa/(2n) - 3N(e+c)/(bd^2)}c^2 - 6N(e+c)sac/(nbd^2) - 3N(e+c)sa^2/(n^2bd^2) = 0 d1
0 = c^3 +77.83 c^2 -1128.28 c -32908.12
s = nc/(nc+sa) = 0.2941
Asreq = (c*s/2 - N/(bd))bd/sa = 2.6800 cm2

Case.2
M= 1.6412 tfm ca = 60 kgf/m2 h= 25 cm (height of member)
N= 5.5047 tf sa = 1400 kgf/m2 d= 20 cm (effective height of member)

79/ 117 (4)349279758.xls, R-bar req

S0= 3.9834 tf n= 24 d' = 5 cm (protective covering depth)
S2d= 2.8460 tf c= 7.50 cm (distance from neutral axis)
b= 100 cm
e = M/N = 29.8144 cm
Solving the fomula shown below, c = 32.5591 kgf/cm2 ( 8.16E-008 kgf/cm2) o.k.
c^3+{3sa/(2n) - 3N(e+c)/(bd^2)}c^2 - 6N(e+c)sac/(nbd^2) - 3N(e+c)sa^2/(n^2bd^2) = 0
0 = c^3 +72.09 c^2 -1797.27 c -52420.49
s = nc/(nc+sa) = 0.3582
Asreq = (c*s/2 - N/(bd))bd/sa = 4.3989 cm2

80/ 117 (4)349279758.xls, R-bar req

 Case.3
M= 0.1834 tfm ca = 60 kgf/m2 h= 25 cm (height of member)
N= 2.6455 tf sa = 1400 kgf/m2 d= 20 cm (effective height of member)
S0= 0.0248 tf n= 24 d' = 5 cm (protective covering depth)
S2d= 0.1261 tf c= 7.50 cm (distance from neutral axis)
b= 100 cm
e = M/N = 6.9307 cm
Solving the fomula shown below, c = 11.9223 kgf/cm2 ( 6.13E-007 kgf/cm2) o.k.
c^3+{3sa/(2n) - 3N(e+c)/(bd^2)}c^2 - 6N(e+c)sac/(nbd^2) - 3N(e+c)sa^2/(n^2bd^2) = 0
0 = c^3 +84.64 c^2 -334.04 c -9742.89
s = nc/(nc+sa) = 0.1697
Asreq = (c*s/2 - N/(bd))bd/sa = 0.0000 cm2

Case.4
M= 0.7898 tfm ca = 60 kgf/m2 h= 25 cm (height of member)
N= 4.7541 tf sa = 1400 kgf/m2 d= 20 cm (effective height of member)
S0= 1.4895 tf n= 24 d' = 5 cm (protective covering depth)
S2d= 0.8179 tf c= 7.50 cm (distance from neutral axis)
b= 100 cm
e = M/N = 16.6123 cm
Solving the fomula shown below, c = 22.6200 kgf/cm2 ( 1.14E-008 kgf/cm2) o.k.
c^3+{3sa/(2n) - 3N(e+c)/(bd^2)}c^2 - 6N(e+c)sac/(nbd^2) - 3N(e+c)sa^2/(n^2bd^2) = 0
0 = c^3 +78.9 c^2 -1003.04 c -29255.26
s = nc/(nc+sa) = 0.2794
Asreq = (c*s/2 - N/(bd))bd/sa = 1.1188 cm2

The maximum requirement of reinforcement bar is 4.3989 cm2 in Case. 2 from above calculation.

Case. 1 2 3 4
Requirement 2.6800 4.3989 0.0000 1.1188 (cm2)

3) At Joint "B"of top slab

Case.1
M= 1.0348 tfm ca = 60 kgf/m2 h= 25 cm (height of member)
N= 2.5187 tf sa = 1400 kgf/m2 d= 20 cm (effective height of member)
S0= 3.3960 tf n= 24 d' = 5 cm (protective covering depth)
S2d= 1.9698 tf c= 7.50 cm (distance from neutral axis)
b= 100 cm
e = M/N = 41.0822 cm
Solving the fomula shown below, c = 23.5376 kgf/cm2 ( 0.000486 kgf/cm2) o.k. h d
c^3+{3sa/(2n) - 3N(e+c)/(bd^2)}c^2 - 6N(e+c)sac/(nbd^2) - 3N(e+c)sa^2/(n^2bd^2) = 0 d1
0 = c^3 +78.32 c^2 -1070.71 c -31228.95
s = nc/(nc+sa) = 0.2875
Asreq = (c*s/2 - N/(bd))bd/sa = 3.0344 cm2

Case.2
M= 1.6412 tfm ca = 60 kgf/m2 h= 25 cm (height of member)
N= 3.9834 tf sa = 1400 kgf/m2 d= 20 cm (effective height of member)
S0= 5.5047 tf n= 24 d' = 5 cm (protective covering depth)
S2d= 3.1964 tf c= 7.50 cm (distance from neutral axis)
b= 100 cm
e = M/N = 41.2000 cm
Solving the fomula shown below, c = 31.3869 kgf/cm2 ( 2.86E-007 kgf/cm2) o.k.
c^3+{3sa/(2n) - 3N(e+c)/(bd^2)}c^2 - 6N(e+c)sac/(nbd^2) - 3N(e+c)sa^2/(n^2bd^2) = 0
0 = c^3 +72.95 c^2 -1697.44 c -49508.81
s = nc/(nc+sa) = 0.3498
Asreq = (c*s/2 - N/(bd))bd/sa = 4.9976 cm2

Case.3
M= 0.1834 tfm ca = 60 kgf/m2 h= 25 cm (height of member)
N= 0.0248 tf sa = 1400 kgf/m2 d= 20 cm (effective height of member)
S0= 2.6455 tf n= 24 d' = 5 cm (protective covering depth)
S2d= 1.2672 tf c= 7.50 cm (distance from neutral axis)
b= 100 cm
e = M/N = 738.91 cm
Solving the fomula shown below, c = 8.0001 kgf/cm2 ( 0.0009516 kgf/cm2) o.k.
c^3+{3sa/(2n) - 3N(e+c)/(bd^2)}c^2 - 6N(e+c)sac/(nbd^2) - 3N(e+c)sa^2/(n^2bd^2) = 0
0 = c^3 +86.11 c^2 -162.06 c -4726.74
s = nc/(nc+sa) = 0.1206
Asreq = (c*s/2 - N/(bd))bd/sa = 0.6715 cm2

Case.4
M= 0.7898 tfm ca = 60 kgf/m2 h= 25 cm (height of member)
N= 0.0248 tf sa = 1400 kgf/m2 d= 20 cm (effective height of member)
S0= 4.7541 tf n= 24 d' = 5 cm (protective covering depth)
S2d= 2.4938 tf c= 7.50 cm (distance from neutral axis)
b= 100 cm
e = M/N = 3182.82 cm

81/ 117 (4)349279758.xls, R-bar req

 Solving the fomula shown below, c = 18.1280 kgf/cm2 ( 4.60E-006 kgf/cm2) o.k.
c^3+{3sa/(2n) - 3N(e+c)/(bd^2)}c^2 - 6N(e+c)sac/(nbd^2) - 3N(e+c)sa^2/(n^2bd^2) = 0
0 = c^3 +81.56 c^2 -692.68 c -20203.08
s = nc/(nc+sa) = 0.2371
Asreq = (c*s/2 - N/(bd))bd/sa = 3.0522 cm2

The maximum requirement of reinforcement bar is 4.9976 cm2 in Case. 2 from above calculation.

Case. 1 2 3 4
Requirement 3.0344 4.9976 0.6715 3.0522 (cm2)

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4) At Joint "A"of invert
Case.1
M= 1.5900 tfm ca = 60 kgf/m2 h= 25 cm (height of member)
N= 4.4185 tf sa = 1400 kgf/m2 d= 20 cm (effective height of member)
S0= 4.5960 tf n= 24 d' = 5 cm (protective covering depth)
S2d= 2.8098 tf c= 7.50 cm (distance from neutral axis)
b= 100 cm
e = M/N = 35.9848 cm
Solving the fomula shown below, c = 31.1945 kgf/cm2 ( 3.50E-007 kgf/cm2) o.k. h d
c^3+{3sa/(2n) - 3N(e+c)/(bd^2)}c^2 - 6N(e+c)sac/(nbd^2) - 3N(e+c)sa^2/(n^2bd^2) = 0 d1
0 = c^3 +73.09 c^2 -1681.19 c -49034.81
s = nc/(nc+sa) = 0.3484
Asreq = (c*s/2 - N/(bd))bd/sa = 4.6077 cm2

Case.2
M= 2.1964 tfm ca = 60 kgf/m2 h= 25 cm (height of member)
N= 5.8832 tf sa = 1400 kgf/m2 d= 20 cm (effective height of member)
S0= 6.7047 tf n= 24 d' = 5 cm (protective covering depth)
S2d= 4.0364 tf c= 7.50 cm (distance from neutral axis)
b= 100 cm
e = M/N = 37.3336 cm
Solving the fomula shown below, c = 38.3259 kgf/cm2 ( 7.28E-005 kgf/cm2) o.k.
c^3+{3sa/(2n) - 3N(e+c)/(bd^2)}c^2 - 6N(e+c)sac/(nbd^2) - 3N(e+c)sa^2/(n^2bd^2) = 0
0 = c^3 +67.72 c^2 -2307.93 c -67314.67
s = nc/(nc+sa) = 0.3965
Asreq = (c*s/2 - N/(bd))bd/sa = 6.6523 cm2

Case.3
M= 0.6800 tfm ca = 60 kgf/m2 h= 25 cm (height of member)
N= 0.2224 tf sa = 1400 kgf/m2 d= 20 cm (effective height of member)
S0= 3.8455 tf n= 24 d' = 5 cm (protective covering depth)
S2d= 2.1072 tf c= 7.50 cm (distance from neutral axis)
b= 100 cm
e = M/N = 305.6833 cm
Solving the fomula shown below, c = 16.8183 kgf/cm2 ( 2.40E-005 kgf/cm2) o.k.
c^3+{3sa/(2n) - 3N(e+c)/(bd^2)}c^2 - 6N(e+c)sac/(nbd^2) - 3N(e+c)sa^2/(n^2bd^2) = 0
0 = c^3 +82.28 c^2 -609.56 c -17778.70
s = nc/(nc+sa) = 0.2238
Asreq = (c*s/2 - N/(bd))bd/sa = 2.5295 cm2

Case.4
M= 1.2864 tfm ca = 60 kgf/m2 h= 25 cm (height of member)
N= 1.6871 tf sa = 1400 kgf/m2 d= 20 cm (effective height of member)
S0= 5.9541 tf n= 24 d' = 5 cm (protective covering depth)
S2d= 3.3338 tf c= 7.50 cm (distance from neutral axis)
b= 100 cm
e = M/N = 76.2460 cm
Solving the fomula shown below, c = 25.7138 kgf/cm2 ( 7.19E-005 kgf/cm2) o.k.
c^3+{3sa/(2n) - 3N(e+c)/(bd^2)}c^2 - 6N(e+c)sac/(nbd^2) - 3N(e+c)sa^2/(n^2bd^2) = 0
0 = c^3 +76.9 c^2 -1236.29 c -36058.56
s = nc/(nc+sa) = 0.3059
Asreq = (c*s/2 - N/(bd))bd/sa = 4.4142 cm2

The maximum requirement of reinforcement bar is 6.6523 cm2 in Case. 2 from above calculation.

Case. 1 2 3 4
Requirement 4.6077 6.6523 2.5295 4.4142 (cm2)

5) At Middle of side wall (between A and B)

Case.1
M= 0.6405 tfm ca = 60 kgf/m2 h= 25 cm (height of member)
N= 4.0140 tf sa = 1400 kgf/m2 d= 20 cm (effective height of member)
n= 24 d' = 5 cm (protective covering depth)
c= 7.50 cm (distance from neutral axis)
b= 100 cm
e = M/N = 15.9566 cm
Solving the fomula shown below, c = 20.0915 kgf/cm2 ( 3.58E-007 kgf/cm2) o.k. h d
c^3+{3sa/(2n) - 3N(e+c)/(bd^2)}c^2 - 6N(e+c)sac/(nbd^2) - 3N(e+c)sa^2/(n^2bd^2) = 0 d1
0 = c^3 +80.44 c^2 -823.85 c -24029.00
s = nc/(nc+sa) = 0.2562
Asreq = (c*s/2 - N/(bd))bd/sa = 0.8094 cm2 Tensile is on inside of member

Case.2
M= 0.8574 tfm ca = 60 kgf/m2 h= 25 cm (height of member)
N= 6.1173 tf sa = 1400 kgf/m2 d= 20 cm (effective height of member)
n= 24 d' = 5 cm (protective covering depth)
c= 7.50 cm (distance from neutral axis)

83/ 117 (4)349279758.xls, R-bar req

 b= 100 cm
e = M/N = 14.0166 cm
Solving the fomula shown below, c = 24.6130 kgf/cm2 ( 0.0001914 kgf/cm2) o.k.
c^3+{3sa/(2n) - 3N(e+c)/(bd^2)}c^2 - 6N(e+c)sac/(nbd^2) - 3N(e+c)sa^2/(n^2bd^2) = 0
0 = c^3 +77.63 c^2 -1151.72 c -33591.70
s = nc/(nc+sa) = 0.2967
Asreq = (c*s/2 - N/(bd))bd/sa = 0.8473 cm2 Tensile is on inside of member

84/ 117 (4)349279758.xls, R-bar req

 Case.3
M= 0.1826 tfm ca = 60 kgf/m2 h= 25 cm (height of member)
N= 2.6765 tf sa = 1400 kgf/m2 d= 20 cm (effective height of member)
n= 24 d' = 5 cm (protective covering depth)
c= 7.50 cm (distance from neutral axis)
b= 100 cm
e = M/N = 6.8235 cm
Solving the fomula shown below, c = 11.9510 kgf/cm2 ( 5.80E-007 kgf/cm2) o.k.
c^3+{3sa/(2n) - 3N(e+c)/(bd^2)}c^2 - 6N(e+c)sac/(nbd^2) - 3N(e+c)sa^2/(n^2bd^2) = 0
0 = c^3 +84.62 c^2 -335.45 c -9783.97
s = nc/(nc+sa) = 0.1700
Asreq = (c*s/2 - N/(bd))bd/sa = 0.0000 cm2 Tensile is on outside of member

Case.4
M= 0.1169 tfm ca = 60 kgf/m2 h= 25 cm (height of member)
N= 5.2498 tf sa = 1400 kgf/m2 d= 20 cm (effective height of member)
n= 24 d' = 5 cm (protective covering depth)
c= 7.50 cm (distance from neutral axis)
b= 100 cm
e = M/N = 2.2270 cm
Solving the fomula shown below, c = 14.0580 kgf/cm2 ( 0.0006792 kgf/cm2) o.k.
c^3+{3sa/(2n) - 3N(e+c)/(bd^2)}c^2 - 6N(e+c)sac/(nbd^2) - 3N(e+c)sa^2/(n^2bd^2) = 0
0 = c^3 +83.67 c^2 -446.82 c -13032.22
s = nc/(nc+sa) = 0.1942
Asreq = (c*s/2 - N/(bd))bd/sa = 0.0000 cm2 Tensile is on outside of member

The maximum requirement of reinforcement bar is 0.8473 cm2 in Case. 2 from above calculation.

Case. 1 2 3 4
Requirement 0.8094 0.8473 - - (cm2)
Side inside inside outside outside

6) At Middle of top slab (between B and C)

Case.1
M= 0.5825 tfm ca = 60 kgf/m2 h= 25 cm (height of member)
N= 2.5187 tf sa = 1400 kgf/m2 d= 20 cm (effective height of member)
n= 24 d' = 5 cm (protective covering depth)
c= 7.50 cm (distance from neutral axis)
b= 100 cm
e = M/N = 23.1254 cm
Solving the fomula shown below, c = 17.8538 kgf/cm2 ( 6.53E-006 kgf/cm2) o.k. h d
c^3+{3sa/(2n) - 3N(e+c)/(bd^2)}c^2 - 6N(e+c)sac/(nbd^2) - 3N(e+c)sa^2/(n^2bd^2) = 0 d1
0 = c^3 +81.71 c^2 -674.96 c -19686.20
s = nc/(nc+sa) = 0.2343
Asreq = (c*s/2 - N/(bd))bd/sa = 1.1894 cm2 Tensile is on inside of member

Case.2
M= 0.9842 tfm ca = 60 kgf/m2 h= 25 cm (height of member)
N= 3.9834 tf sa = 1400 kgf/m2 d= 20 cm (effective height of member)
n= 24 d' = 5 cm (protective covering depth)
c= 7.50 cm (distance from neutral axis)
b= 100 cm
e = M/N = 24.7081 cm
Solving the fomula shown below, c = 24.2291 kgf/cm2 ( 0.0002677 kgf/cm2) o.k.
c^3+{3sa/(2n) - 3N(e+c)/(bd^2)}c^2 - 6N(e+c)sac/(nbd^2) - 3N(e+c)sa^2/(n^2bd^2) = 0
0 = c^3 +77.88 c^2 -1122.62 c -32743.07
s = nc/(nc+sa) = 0.2935
Asreq = (c*s/2 - N/(bd))bd/sa = 2.2335 cm2 Tensile is on inside of member

Case.3
M= 0.8322 tfm ca = 60 kgf/m2 h= 25 cm (height of member)
N= 0.0248 tf sa = 1400 kgf/m2 d= 20 cm (effective height of member)
n= 24 d' = 5 cm (protective covering depth)
c= 7.50 cm (distance from neutral axis)
b= 100 cm
e = M/N = 3353.8895 cm
Solving the fomula shown below, c = 18.6958 kgf/cm2 ( 2.22E-006 kgf/cm2) o.k.
c^3+{3sa/(2n) - 3N(e+c)/(bd^2)}c^2 - 6N(e+c)sac/(nbd^2) - 3N(e+c)sa^2/(n^2bd^2) = 0
0 = c^3 +81.24 c^2 -729.82 c -21286.39
s = nc/(nc+sa) = 0.2427
Asreq = (c*s/2 - N/(bd))bd/sa = 3.2235 cm2 Tensile is on inside of member

Case.4
M= 1.2101 tfm ca = 60 kgf/m2 h= 25 cm (height of member)
N= 0.0248 tf sa = 1400 kgf/m2 d= 20 cm (effective height of member)
n= 24 d' = 5 cm (protective covering depth)
c= 7.50 cm (distance from neutral axis)
b= 100 cm
e = M/N = 4876.8077 cm

85/ 117 (4)349279758.xls, R-bar req

 Solving the fomula shown below, c = 23.3996 kgf/cm2 ( 0.0005467 kgf/cm2) o.k.
c^3+{3sa/(2n) - 3N(e+c)/(bd^2)}c^2 - 6N(e+c)sac/(nbd^2) - 3N(e+c)sa^2/(n^2bd^2) = 0
0 = c^3 +78.41 c^2 -1060.47 c -30930.45
s = nc/(nc+sa) = 0.2863
Asreq = (c*s/2 - N/(bd))bd/sa = 4.7674 cm2 Tensile is on inside of member

The maximum requirement of reinforcement bar is 4.7674 cm2 in Case. 4 from above calculation.

Case. 1 2 3 4
Requirement 1.1894 2.2335 3.2235 4.7674 (cm2)
Side inside inside inside inside

86/ 117 (4)349279758.xls, R-bar req

7) At Middle of invert (between D and A)
Case.1
M= 0.7751 tfm ca = 60 kgf/m2 h= 25 cm (height of member)
N= 4.4185 tf sa = 1400 kgf/m2 d= 20 cm (effective height of member)
n= 24 d' = 5 cm (protective covering depth)
c= 7.50 cm (distance from neutral axis)
b= 100 cm
e = M/N = 17.5427 cm
Solving the fomula shown below, c = 22.1400 kgf/cm2 ( 2.22E-008 kgf/cm2) o.k. h d
c^3+{3sa/(2n) - 3N(e+c)/(bd^2)}c^2 - 6N(e+c)sac/(nbd^2) - 3N(e+c)sa^2/(n^2bd^2) = 0 d1
0 = c^3 +79.2 c^2 -968.19 c -28238.90
s = nc/(nc+sa) = 0.2751
Asreq = (c*s/2 - N/(bd))bd/sa = 1.1948 cm2 Tensile is on inside of member

Case.2
M= 1.1730 tfm ca = 60 kgf/m2 h= 25 cm (height of member)
N= 5.8832 tf sa = 1400 kgf/m2 d= 20 cm (effective height of member)
n= 24 d' = 5 cm (protective covering depth)
c= 7.50 cm (distance from neutral axis)
b= 100 cm
e = M/N = 19.9377 cm
Solving the fomula shown below, c = 27.9391 kgf/cm2 ( 9.09E-006 kgf/cm2) o.k.
c^3+{3sa/(2n) - 3N(e+c)/(bd^2)}c^2 - 6N(e+c)sac/(nbd^2) - 3N(e+c)sa^2/(n^2bd^2) = 0
0 = c^3 +75.39 c^2 -1412.43 c -41195.84
s = nc/(nc+sa) = 0.3238
Asreq = (c*s/2 - N/(bd))bd/sa = 2.2606 cm2 Tensile is on inside of member

Case.3
M= 1.0215 tfm ca = 60 kgf/m2 h= 25 cm (height of member)
N= 0.2224 tf sa = 1400 kgf/m2 d= 20 cm (effective height of member)
n= 24 d' = 5 cm (protective covering depth)
c= 7.50 cm (distance from neutral axis)
b= 100 cm
e = M/N = 459.2269 cm
Solving the fomula shown below, c = 21.3043 kgf/cm2 ( 7.01E-008 kgf/cm2) o.k.
c^3+{3sa/(2n) - 3N(e+c)/(bd^2)}c^2 - 6N(e+c)sac/(nbd^2) - 3N(e+c)sa^2/(n^2bd^2) = 0
0 = c^3 +79.71 c^2 -908.4 c -26495.01
s = nc/(nc+sa) = 0.2675
Asreq = (c*s/2 - N/(bd))bd/sa = 3.9120 cm2 Tensile is on inside of member

Case.4
M= 1.4195 tfm ca = 60 kgf/m2 h= 25 cm (height of member)
N= 1.6871 tf sa = 1400 kgf/m2 d= 20 cm (effective height of member)
n= 24 d' = 5 cm (protective covering depth)
c= 7.50 cm (distance from neutral axis)
b= 100 cm
e = M/N = 84.1391 cm
Solving the fomula shown below, c = 27.1953 kgf/cm2 ( 1.84E-005 kgf/cm2) o.k.
c^3+{3sa/(2n) - 3N(e+c)/(bd^2)}c^2 - 6N(e+c)sac/(nbd^2) - 3N(e+c)sa^2/(n^2bd^2) = 0
0 = c^3 +75.9 c^2 -1352.82 c -39457.10
s = nc/(nc+sa) = 0.3180
Asreq = (c*s/2 - N/(bd))bd/sa = 4.9715 cm2 Tensile is on inside of member

The maximum requirement of reinforcement bar is 4.9715 cm2 in Case. 4 from above calculation.

Case. 1 2 3 4
Requirement 1.1948 2.2606 3.9120 4.9715 (cm2)
Side inside inside inside inside

8) At Top of partition wall (joint C)

Case.1
M= 1.3740 tfm ca = 60 kgf/m2 h= 25 cm (height of member)
N= 2.5187 tf sa = 1400 kgf/m2 d= 20 cm (effective height of member)
S0= 3.7353 tf n= 24 d' = 5 cm (protective covering depth)
S2d= 2.3090 tf c= 7.50 cm (distance from neutral axis)
b= 100 cm
e = M/N = 54.5525 cm
Solving the fomula shown below, c = 27.3793 kgf/cm2 ( 1.55E-005 kgf/cm2) o.k. h d
c^3+{3sa/(2n) - 3N(e+c)/(bd^2)}c^2 - 6N(e+c)sac/(nbd^2) - 3N(e+c)sa^2/(n^2bd^2) = 0 d1
0 = c^3 +75.78 c^2 -1367.58 c -39887.73
s = nc/(nc+sa) = 0.3194
Asreq = (c*s/2 - N/(bd))bd/sa = 4.4479 cm2

Case.2
M= 2.1734 tfm ca = 60 kgf/m2 h= 25 cm (height of member)
N= 3.9834 tf sa = 1400 kgf/m2 d= 20 cm (effective height of member)
S0= 6.0368 tf n= 24 d' = 5 cm (protective covering depth)

87/ 117 (4)349279758.xls, R-bar req

S2d= 3.7285 tf c= 7.50 cm (distance from neutral axis)
b= 100 cm
e = M/N = 54.5600 cm
Solving the fomula shown below, c = 36.7237 kgf/cm2 ( 0.000249 kgf/cm2) o.k.
c^3+{3sa/(2n) - 3N(e+c)/(bd^2)}c^2 - 6N(e+c)sac/(nbd^2) - 3N(e+c)sa^2/(n^2bd^2) = 0
0 = c^3 +68.96 c^2 -2163.11 c -63090.80
s = nc/(nc+sa) = 0.3863
Asreq = (c*s/2 - N/(bd))bd/sa = 7.2887 cm2

88/ 117 (4)349279758.xls, R-bar req

 Case.3
M= 1.7837 tfm ca = 60 kgf/m2 h= 25 cm (height of member)
N= 0.0248 tf sa = 1400 kgf/m2 d= 20 cm (effective height of member)
S0= 4.2459 tf n= 24 d' = 5 cm (protective covering depth)
S2d= 2.8676 tf c= 7.50 cm (distance from neutral axis)
b= 100 cm
e = M/N = 7188.4588 cm
Solving the fomula shown below, c = 29.7731 kgf/cm2 ( 1.50E-006 kgf/cm2) o.k.
c^3+{3sa/(2n) - 3N(e+c)/(bd^2)}c^2 - 6N(e+c)sac/(nbd^2) - 3N(e+c)sa^2/(n^2bd^2) = 0
0 = c^3 +74.11 c^2 -1562.37 c -45569.25
s = nc/(nc+sa) = 0.3379
Asreq = (c*s/2 - N/(bd))bd/sa = 7.1687 cm2

Case.4
M= 2.5830 tfm ca = 60 kgf/m2 h= 25 cm (height of member)
N= 0.0248 tf sa = 1400 kgf/m2 d= 20 cm (effective height of member)
S0= 6.5474 tf n= 24 d' = 5 cm (protective covering depth)
S2d= 4.2871 tf c= 7.50 cm (distance from neutral axis)
b= 100 cm
e = M/N = 10409.804 cm
Solving the fomula shown below, c = 37.8189 kgf/cm2 ( 0.0001082 kgf/cm2) o.k.
c^3+{3sa/(2n) - 3N(e+c)/(bd^2)}c^2 - 6N(e+c)sac/(nbd^2) - 3N(e+c)sa^2/(n^2bd^2) = 0
0 = c^3 +68.11 c^2 -2261.79 c -65968.79
s = nc/(nc+sa) = 0.3933
Asreq = (c*s/2 - N/(bd))bd/sa = 10.6073 cm2

The maximum requirement of reinforcement bar is 10.6073 cm2 in Case. 4 from above calculation.

Case. 1 2 3 4
Requirement 4.4479 7.2887 7.1687 10.6073 (cm2)

9) At Bottom of partition wall (joint D)

Case.1
M= 1.3293 tfm ca = 60 kgf/m2 h= 25 cm (height of member)
N= 4.4185 tf sa = 1400 kgf/m2 d= 20 cm (effective height of member)
S0= 4.3353 tf n= 24 d' = 5 cm (protective covering depth)
S2d= 2.5490 tf c= 7.50 cm (distance from neutral axis)
b= 100 cm
e = M/N = 30.0842 cm
Solving the fomula shown below, c = 28.4400 kgf/cm2 ( 5.61E-006 kgf/cm2) o.k. h d
c^3+{3sa/(2n) - 3N(e+c)/(bd^2)}c^2 - 6N(e+c)sac/(nbd^2) - 3N(e+c)sa^2/(n^2bd^2) = 0 d1
0 = c^3 +75.05 c^2 -1453.07 c -42381.10
s = nc/(nc+sa) = 0.3278
Asreq = (c*s/2 - N/(bd))bd/sa = 3.5020 cm2

Case.2
M= 2.1286 tfm ca = 60 kgf/m2 h= 25 cm (height of member)
N= 5.8832 tf sa = 1400 kgf/m2 d= 20 cm (effective height of member)
S0= 6.6368 tf n= 24 d' = 5 cm (protective covering depth)
S2d= 3.9685 tf c= 7.50 cm (distance from neutral axis)
b= 100 cm
e = M/N = 36.1810 cm
Solving the fomula shown below, c = 37.6719 kgf/cm2 ( 0.0001212 kgf/cm2) o.k.
c^3+{3sa/(2n) - 3N(e+c)/(bd^2)}c^2 - 6N(e+c)sac/(nbd^2) - 3N(e+c)sa^2/(n^2bd^2) = 0
0 = c^3 +68.23 c^2 -2248.6 c -65584.17
s = nc/(nc+sa) = 0.3924
Asreq = (c*s/2 - N/(bd))bd/sa = 6.3565 cm2

Case.3
M= 1.6803 tfm ca = 60 kgf/m2 h= 25 cm (height of member)
N= 0.2224 tf sa = 1400 kgf/m2 d= 20 cm (effective height of member)
S0= 4.8459 tf n= 24 d' = 5 cm (protective covering depth)
S2d= 3.1076 tf c= 7.50 cm (distance from neutral axis)
b= 100 cm
e = M/N = 755.4109 cm
Solving the fomula shown below, c = 28.8316 kgf/cm2 ( 3.83E-006 kgf/cm2) o.k.
c^3+{3sa/(2n) - 3N(e+c)/(bd^2)}c^2 - 6N(e+c)sac/(nbd^2) - 3N(e+c)sa^2/(n^2bd^2) = 0
0 = c^3 +74.77 c^2 -1484.87 c -43308.70
s = nc/(nc+sa) = 0.3308
Asreq = (c*s/2 - N/(bd))bd/sa = 6.6530 cm2

Case.4
M= 2.4796 tfm ca = 60 kgf/m2 h= 25 cm (height of member)
N= 1.6871 tf sa = 1400 kgf/m2 d= 20 cm (effective height of member)
S0= 7.1474 tf n= 24 d' = 5 cm (protective covering depth)
S2d= 4.5271 tf c= 7.50 cm (distance from neutral axis)
b= 100 cm

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 e = M/N = 146.9735 cm
Solving the fomula shown below, c = 38.0243 kgf/cm2 ( 9.23E-005 kgf/cm2) o.k.
c^3+{3sa/(2n) - 3N(e+c)/(bd^2)}c^2 - 6N(e+c)sac/(nbd^2) - 3N(e+c)sa^2/(n^2bd^2) = 0
0 = c^3 +67.95 c^2 -2280.4 c -66511.77
s = nc/(nc+sa) = 0.3946
Asreq = (c*s/2 - N/(bd))bd/sa = 9.5128 cm2

The maximum requirement of reinforcement bar is 9.5128 cm2 in Case. 4 from above calculation.

Case. 1 2 3 4
Requirement 3.5020 6.3565 6.6530 9.5128 (cm2)

90/ 117 (4)349279758.xls, R-bar req

10) At Middle of partition wall
Case.1
M= 0.0000 tfm ca = 60 kgf/m2 h= 25 cm (height of member)
N= 8.0706 tf sa = 1400 kgf/m2 d= 20 cm (effective height of member)
S0= 0.0000 tf n= 24 d' = 5 cm (protective covering depth)
c= 7.50 cm (distance from neutral axis)
b= 100 cm
e = M/N = 0.0000 cm
Solving the fomula shown below, c = 15.5007 kgf/cm2 ( 0.0001208 kgf/cm2) o.k. h d
c^3+{3sa/(2n) - 3N(e+c)/(bd^2)}c^2 - 6N(e+c)sac/(nbd^2) - 3N(e+c)sa^2/(n^2bd^2) = 0 d1
0 = c^3 +82.96 c^2 -529.63 c -15447.68
s = nc/(nc+sa) = 0.2099
Asreq = (c*s/2 - N/(bd))bd/sa = 0.0000 cm2

Case.2
M= 0.0000 tfm ca = 60 kgf/m2 h= 25 cm (height of member)
N= 12.6737 tf sa = 1400 kgf/m2 d= 20 cm (effective height of member)
S0= 0.0000 tf n= 24 d' = 5 cm (protective covering depth)
c= 7.50 cm (distance from neutral axis)
b= 100 cm
e = M/N = 0.0000 cm
Solving the fomula shown below, c = 20.2061 kgf/cm2 ( 3.07E-007 kgf/cm2) o.k.
c^3+{3sa/(2n) - 3N(e+c)/(bd^2)}c^2 - 6N(e+c)sac/(nbd^2) - 3N(e+c)sa^2/(n^2bd^2) = 0
0 = c^3 +80.37 c^2 -831.71 c -24258.24
s = nc/(nc+sa) = 0.2573
Asreq = (c*s/2 - N/(bd))bd/sa = 0.0000 cm2

Case.3
M= 0.0000 tfm ca = 60 kgf/m2 h= 25 cm (height of member)
N= 9.0917 tf sa = 1400 kgf/m2 d= 20 cm (effective height of member)
S0= 0.0000 tf n= 24 d' = 5 cm (protective covering depth)
c= 7.50 cm (distance from neutral axis)
b= 100 cm
e = M/N = 0.0000 cm
Solving the fomula shown below, c = 16.6097 kgf/cm2 ( 3.10E-005 kgf/cm2) o.k.
c^3+{3sa/(2n) - 3N(e+c)/(bd^2)}c^2 - 6N(e+c)sac/(nbd^2) - 3N(e+c)sa^2/(n^2bd^2) = 0
0 = c^3 +82.39 c^2 -596.64 c -17402.09
s = nc/(nc+sa) = 0.2216
Asreq = (c*s/2 - N/(bd))bd/sa = 0.0000 cm2

Case.4
M= 0.0000 tfm ca = 60 kgf/m2 h= 25 cm (height of member)
N= 13.6948 tf sa = 1400 kgf/m2 d= 20 cm (effective height of member)
S0= 0.0000 tf n= 24 d' = 5 cm (protective covering depth)
c= 7.50 cm (distance from neutral axis)
b= 100 cm
e = M/N = 0.0000 cm
Solving the fomula shown below, c = 21.1666 kgf/cm2 ( 8.45E-008 kgf/cm2) o.k.
c^3+{3sa/(2n) - 3N(e+c)/(bd^2)}c^2 - 6N(e+c)sac/(nbd^2) - 3N(e+c)sa^2/(n^2bd^2) = 0
0 = c^3 +79.8 c^2 -898.72 c -26212.64
s = nc/(nc+sa) = 0.2662
Asreq = (c*s/2 - N/(bd))bd/sa = 0.0000 cm2

The maximum requirement of reinforcement bar is 0.0000 cm2 in Case. 1 from above calculation.

Case. 1 2 3 4
Requirement 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 (cm2)

11) Summary of required reinforcement

Required reinforcement for design is the maximum required reinforcment calculated above in 1) - 4).

Item Side wall Side wall Top slab Invert Side wall Top slab Invert Top slab Invert Par. Wall
Point botom top end end middle middle middle joint C joind D middle
Side outside outside outside outside inside inside inside outside outside both
Calculation 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7) 8) 9) 10)
Requirment 6.3346 4.3989 4.9976 6.6523 0.8473 4.7674 4.9715 10.6073 9.5128 0.0000 (cm2)

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Goal Seek

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104/ 117 (4)349279758.xls, R-bar req
6 Bar Arrangement and Calculation of Stress
Goal Seek
Type: B1.75m x H2.00m x 2
Side wall Top slab
bottom middle top end
outside inside outside outside
Bending moment M kgfcm 219,640 85,745 164,118 164,118
Shearing force (joint) S kgf 5,883 0 3,983 5,505
Shearing force (2d) S2d kgf 3,512 - 2,846 3,196
Axial force N kgf 6,705 6,117 5,505 2,519
Height of member h cm 25 25 25 25
Covering depth d' cm 5 5 5 5
Effective height d cm 20 20 20 20
Effective width b cm 100 100 100 100
Effective area bd cm2 2000 2000 2000 2000
Young's modulus ratio n - 24 24 24 24

Required R-bar Asreq cm2 6.335 0.847 4.399 4.998

R-bar arrangement 12@250 12@125 12@250 12@250

Reinforcement As cm2 4.52 9.05 4.52 4.52

Permeter of R-bar U 15.08 30.16 15.08 15.08
M/N e cm 32.759 14.017 29.814 65.158
Dist. from neutral axis c cm 7.50 7.50 7.50 7.50
a' 60.8 4.5 51.9 158.0
b' 262.0 280.4 242.9 472.9
c' -5240.8 -5608.1 -4857.4 -9458.4
x 7.07 11.83 7.24 6.28
0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
(check) ok ok ok ok

Compressive stress c kgf/cm2 43.29 13.86 32.27 32.53

Allowable stress ca kgf/cm2 60.00 60.00 60.00 60.00
ok ok ok ok
Tensile stress s kgf/cm2 1901.24 229.82 1365.97 1704.02
Allowable stress sa kgf/cm2 1400.00 1400.00 1400.00 1400.00
check ok ok check
Shearing stress at joint kgf/cm2 2.94 0.00 1.99 2.75
Allowable stress a kgf/cm2 11.00 11.00 11.00 11.00
ok ok ok ok
Shearing stress at 2d 2d kgf/cm2 1.76 - 1.42 1.60
Allowable stress 2da kgf/cm2 5.50 - 5.50 5.50
ok - ok ok

p = As/(bd) 0.00226 0.00453 0.00226 0.00226

k = (2np+(np)^2)^0.5-np 0.27956 0.36993 0.27956 0.27956
j = 1-k/3 0.90681 0.87669 0.90681 0.90681

Resisting Moment Mr kgfcm 278,512 380,599 251,930 190,960

Mr for compression Mrc kgfcm 303,090 380,599 302,794 302,983
x for Mrc cm 6.620 8.239 6.422 5.956
s for Mrc kgf/cm2 2910.5 2055.4 3044.6 3395.7
Mr for tensile Mrs kgfcm 278,512 473,674 251,930 190,960
x for Mrs cm 9.453 11.350 9.008 7.789
c for Mrs kgf/cm2 52.3 76.5 47.8 37.2

Distribution bar (>As/6 and >Asmin) 12@250 12@250 12@250 12@250

Reinforcement As cm2 4.52 4.52 4.52 4.52

105/117 (5)349279758.xls, R-bar stress

 ok ok ok ok
Reinforcement bar for fillet Err:504 Err:504
Reinforcement As cm2 Err:504 Err:504

Minimum requirement of reinforcement bar As min = 4.5 cm2

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 Invert Partition wall
end middle joint D middle
outside inside outside both sides
Bending moment M kgfcm 219,640 141,954 247,964 0
Shearing force (joint) S kgf 6,705 0 7,147 0
Shearing force (2d) S2d kgf 4,036 - 4,527 -
Axial force N kgf 5,883 1,687 1,687 8,071
Height of member h cm 25 25 25 25
Covering depth d' cm 5 5 5 5
Effective height d cm 20 20 20 20
Effective width b cm 100 100 100 100
Effective area bd cm2 2000 2000 2000 2000
Young's modulus ratio n - 24 24 24 24

Required R-bar Asreq cm2 6.652 4.971 9.513 0.000

R-bar arrangement 12@250 12@250 12@125 12@250

Reinforcement As cm2 4.52 4.52 9.05 4.52

Permeter of R-bar U 15.08 15.08 30.16 15.08
M/N e cm 37.334 84.139 146.974 0.000
Dist. from neutral axis c cm 7.50 7.50 7.50 7.50
a' 74.5 214.9 403.4 -37.5
b' 291.8 596.5 2013.1 48.8
c' -5836.3 -11929.2 -40262.0 -976.3
x 6.86 6.12 7.75 0.00
0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
(check) ok ok ok

Compressive stress c kgf/cm2 43.39 28.13 38.63 3.23

Allowable stress ca kgf/cm2 60.00 60.00 60.00 60.00
ok ok ok ok
Tensile stress s kgf/cm2 1993.05 1531.26 1466.89
Allowable stress sa kgf/cm2 1400.00 1400.00 1400.00 1400.00
check check check
Shearing stress at joint kgf/cm2 3.35 0.00 3.57 0.00
Allowable stress a kgf/cm2 11.00 11.00 11.00 11.00
ok ok ok ok
Shearing stress at 2d 2d kgf/cm2 2.02 - 2.26 -
Allowable stress 2da kgf/cm2 5.50 - 5.50 -
ok - ok -

p = As/(bd) 0.00226 0.00226 0.00453 0.00226

k = (2np+(np)^2)^0.5-np 0.27956 0.27956 0.36993 0.27956
j = 1-k/3 0.90681 0.90681 0.87669 0.90681

Resisting Moment Mr kgfcm 260,178 175,188 356,945 303,673

Mr for compression Mrc kgfcm 302,865 303,278 386,481 303,673
x for Mrc cm 6.484 5.832 7.620 6.853
s for Mrc kgf/cm2 3001.8 3497.9 2339.5 2762.7
Mr for tensile Mrs kgfcm 260,178 175,188 356,945 310,374
x for Mrs cm 9.151 7.414 9.922 9.936
c for Mrs kgf/cm2 49.2 34.4 57.4 57.6

Distribution bar (>As/6 and >Asmin) 12@250 12@250 12@250 12@250

Reinforcement As cm2 4.52 4.52 4.52 4.52
ok ok ok ok
Reinforcement bar for fillet Err:504

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Reinforcement As cm2 Err:504

Minimum requirement of reinforcement bar As min = 4.5 cm2

108/117 (5)349279758.xls, R-bar stress

Goal Seek
Top slab
middle joint C
inside outside
121,011 258,304
0 6,547
- 4,287
25 25
25 25
5 5
20 20
100 100
2000 2000
24 24

4.767 10.607

12@250 12@125

4.52 9.05
15.08 30.16
4876.808 10409.804
7.50 7.50
14592.9 31191.9
31791.0 135758.3
-635819.6 -2715166.2
5.60 7.40
0.000 0.000
ok ok

23.87 39.83
60.00 60.00
ok ok
1473.19 1626.40
1400.00 1400.00
check check
0.00 3.27
11.00 11.00
ok ok
- 2.14
- 5.50
- ok

0.00226 0.00453
0.27956 0.36993
0.90681 0.87669

145,123 318,464
304,193 389,138
5.595 7.402
3707.8 2450.9
145,123 318,464
6.600 9.330
28.7 51.0

12@250 12@250
4.52 4.52

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ok ok
Err:504
Err:504

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112/117 (5)349279758.xls, R-bar stress
DATA PLOT PEMBESIAN

h1
h1

h2
Ha
Ha

h3

b1
b1 b2 b3
b3 b4
b4 b1
b1

Bb
Bb

Section of Culvert

1. Design Data
b1 = 0.250 m b2 = 1.750 m b3 = 0.250 m b4 = 1.750 m
h1 = 0.250 m h2 = 2.000 m h3 = 0.250 m fillet = 0.150 m
Bb = 4.250 m Ha = 2.500 m d = 0.05 m

2. Data Pembesian
Bottom slab : Tumpuan Lapangan Tulangan bagi :
As1 (cm2) : O 12 @ 250 O 12 @ 250 O 12 @ 250
As2 (cm2) : O 12 @ 250 O 12 @ 250
As1 (cm2) : O 12 @ 125 (Tumpuan Tengah) O 12 @ 250 (Tumpuan Tepi)
Side wall : Tumpuan Lapangan Tulangan bagi :
As1 (cm2) : O 12 @ 250 O 12 @ 125 O 12 @ 250
As2 (cm2) : O 12 @ 125 O 12 @ 250
As1 (cm2) : O 12 @ 250 (Top wall)
Top slab : Tumpuan Lapangan Tulangan bagi :
As1 (cm2) : O 12 @ 250 O 12 @ 250 O 12 @ 250
As2 (cm2) : O 12 @ 250 O 12 @ 250
As1 (cm2) : O 12 @ 125 (Tumpuan Tengah)
3. Tulangan Miring (fillet) : Partition wall :
Bottom slab : O ### @ Err:504 O 12 @ 250
Top slab : O ### @ Err:504

4. Nama Bangunan : Double Box-Culvert Bba.20.a (2.4 m x 1.5 m)

Lokasi : . Irrigation Sub-Project
DATA PLOT MOMENT AND SHEAR FORCE DIAGRAM

Ha

b1 b2 b3

Bb

Section of Culvert

1. Design Data
b1 = 0.250 m b2 = 1.750 m b3 = 0.250
h1 = 0.250 m h2 = 2.000 m h3 = 0.250
Bb = 4.000 m Ha = 2.250 m

2. Result Calculation
Side wall (left) Ma Mmax Mb Sa Sb
Case 1 -1.590 0.640 -1.035 4.418 -2.519
Case 3 -0.680 -0.183 -0.183 0.222 -0.025

Side wall (right) Me Mmax Mf Se Sf

Case 1 -1.035 0.640 -1.590 2.519 -4.418
Case 3 -0.183 -0.183 -0.680 0.025 -0.222

Top slab (left) Mb Mmax Mc Sb Sc

Case 1 -1.035 0.582 -1.374 3.396 -3.735
Case 3 -0.183 0.832 -1.784 2.645 -4.246

Bottom slab (left) Ma Mmax Md Sa Sd

Case 1 -1.590 0.775 -1.329 -4.596 4.335
Case 3 -0.680 1.021 -1.680 -3.845 4.846

Partition wall Mc Mmax Md Sc Sd

 Case 1 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
Case 3 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

Top slab (right) Mc Mmax Me Sc Se

Case 1 -1.374 0.582 -1.035 3.735 -3.396
Case 3 -1.784 0.832 -0.183 4.246 -2.645

Bottom slab (right) Md Mmax Mf Sd Sf

Case 1 -1.329 0.775 -1.590 -4.335 4.596
Case 3 -1.680 1.021 -0.680 -4.846 3.845

3. Nama Bangunan : Double Box-Culvert Bba.20.a (2.4 m x 1.5 m)

Lokasi : . Irrigation Sub-Project

Case 1
Mmax x x1 x2 x3 x4 x5
Mab = 1.091 -0.54 0.16 0.54 0.64 0.49
Mef = 1.159 -0.54 0.16 0.54 0.64 0.49
Mmax y1 y2 y3 y4 y5
Mbc = 0.952 -0.30 0.22 0.51 0.58 0.42
Mad = 1.029 -0.58 0.15 0.60 0.77 0.67

Ha = 2.250 0.281 0.563 0.844 1.125 1.406

Bb = 2.000 0.250 0.500 0.750 1.000 1.250

x x1 x2 x3 x4 x5
Sab 2.250 3.09 1.89 0.83 -0.10 -0.91

Case 2
Mmax x x1 x2 x3 x4 x5
Mab = 2.192 -0.61 -0.53 -0.44 -0.36 -0.29
Mef = 0.058 -0.61 -0.53 -0.44 -0.36 -0.29
Mmax y1 y2 y3 y4 y5
Mbc = 0.768 0.37 0.71 0.83 0.74 0.43
Mad = 0.885 0.15 0.70 0.98 0.99 0.73

Ha = 2.250 0.281 0.563 0.844 1.125 1.406

Bb = 2.000 0.250 0.500 0.750 1.000 1.250

x x1 x2 x3 x4 x5
Sab 2.250 0.27 0.30 0.30 0.28 0.24
 h1

h2

h3

b4 b1

Culvert

m b4 = 1.750 m
m

Sb Na Nb MAB MBA
-2.519 4.596 3.396 -1.590 -1.035
-0.025 3.845 2.645 -0.680 -0.183

Sf Ne Nf MEF MFE
-4.418 3.396 4.596 -1.035 -1.590
-0.222 2.645 3.845 -0.183 -0.680

Sc Nb Nc MBC MCB
-3.735 2.519 2.519 -1.035 -1.374
-4.246 0.025 0.025 -0.183 -1.784

Sd Na Nd MAD MDA
4.335 4.418 4.418 -1.590 -1.329
4.846 0.222 0.222 -0.680 -1.680

Sd Nc Nd MCD MDC
 0.000 7.471 8.671 0.000 0.000
0.000 8.492 9.692 0.000 0.000

Se Nc Ne MCE MEC
-3.396 2.519 2.519 -1.374 -1.035
-2.645 0.025 0.025 -1.784 -0.183

Sf Nd Nf MDF MFD
4.596 4.418 4.418 -1.329 -1.590
3.845 0.222 0.222 -1.680 -0.680

x5 x6 x7 q1 q2
0.49 0.14 -0.38 4.958 1.208
0.49 0.14 -0.38 1.208 4.958
y5 y6 y7 q1
0.42 0.05 -0.55 3.566
0.67 0.28 -0.38 4.466

1.406 1.688 1.969

1.250 1.500 1.750

x5 x6 x7
-0.91 -1.58 -2.11

x5 x6 x7 q1 q2
-0.29 -0.23 -0.19 -0.215 0.435
-0.29 -0.23 -0.19 0.435 -0.215
y5 y6 y7 q1
0.43 -0.09 -0.83 3.446
0.73 0.20 -0.60 4.346

1.406 1.688 1.969

1.250 1.500 1.750

x5 x6 x7
0.24 0.17 0.09