Double Span Floor Joist

Verification Samples
Double Span Floor Joist

1 Objective
To check the safety of using the (800S200-54mil, 50ksi) Standard Stud section for a double span
floor joist, given the following data:-
Floor joist is designed for [1.1 x Dead Load + 1.3 x Live Load], based on the AISI-NASPEC 2001 with
2004 supplement and in accordance with LRFD method.
Web-crippling check is considered, and the bearing length (N) = 3 in.
The section web is unreinforced along the joist span.
Geometric and loading data of each span can be given in Table 1-1.
Table 1-1 Geometric and Loading Data of Floor Joist Spans

Length Dead Load (IDL) Live Load (ILL)
Span
(ft) (psf) (psf)
(1) 12 30 45
(2) 10 30 45
Joist spacing (S) = 18 in.
Neither lateral nor torsional bracing is used for top flange.
Lateral and torsional bracing are provided @ 48 o.c. for bottom flange.
Deflection limit = L/ 360 (for live load)
= L/ 240 (for total load), where L is the span length.
The maximum absolute deflection is 0.6 in.
Strength increase due to cold-work of forming is considered (if applicable).
Effect of standard punch-out (4" X 1.5") is not considered.
Double Span Floor Joist SteelSmart System 7.0 SP2

Page 1 of 36
2 Modeling with SteelSmart System

Page 2 of 36
3 Statical System, Loads, and Design Forces
3.1 Statical System
The statical system of the floor joist can be shown in Fig. 3-1.
L1 = 12 ft L2 = 10 ft
Figure 3-1 Statical System of the Floor Joist
3.2 Loads
W Dead = Nominal dead load on floor joist (Fig. 3-2)
= IDL X S
= 30 * (18/ 12) = 45 lbs/ ft (constant since IDL is the same for both spans)
WDead = 45 lbs/ ft
L1 = 12 ft L2 = 10 ft
Figure 3-2 Nominal Dead load on Floor Joist (WDead)
W Live = Nominal live load on floor joist (Fig. 3-3)
= ILL X S
= 45 * (18/ 12) = 67.5 lbs/ ft (constant since ILL is the same for both spans)
WLive = 67.5 lbs/ ft
L1 = 12 ft L2 = 10 ft
Figure 3-3 Nominal Live load on Floor Joist (WLive)
WS = Factored load on floor joist for strength design (Fig. 3-4)
= 1.1 x W Dead + 1.3 x W Live
= (1.1 * 45) + (1.3 * 67.5) = 137.25 lbs/ ft

Page 3 of 36
WS = 137.25 lbs/ ft
L1 = 12 ft L2 = 10 ft
Figure 3-4 Factored Load on Floor Joist for Strength Design (Ws)
W Total = Nominal total load on floor joist for deflection check (Fig. 3-5)
= W Dead + W Live
= 45 + 67.5 = 112.5 lbs/ ft
WTotal = 112.5 lbs/ ft
L1 = 12 ft L2 = 10 ft
Figure 3-5 Nominal Total Load on Floor Joist for Deflection Check (WTotal)
3.3 Design Forces

The factored vertical reactions on supports shown in Fig. 3-6 can be calculated as follows:
Moments @ left support = 0.0;
R y2L 1 + R y3 (L 1 + L 2 ) = W s * (L1 + L2) / 2

2
2
12 R y2 + 22 R y3 = 137.25 * (22) / 2
6 R y2 + 11 R y3 = 16607.25 (1)
Moments @ middle support = 0.0;
2 2
R y1L 1 - W s * (L1) / 2 = R y3L 2 - W s * (L2) / 2
(12)2 (10 )2
12 R y1 - 10 R y3 = 137.25 *
2
6 R y1 - 5 R y3 = 1509.75 (2)
Moments @ right support = 0.0;
R y1(L 1 + L 2 ) + R y2L 2
2
= W s * (L1 + L2) / 2
2
22 R y1 + 10 R y2 = 137.25 * (22) / 2

Page 4 of 36
11 R y1 + 5 R y2 = 16607.25 (3)
Solving (1), (2), and (3) simultaneously;
R y1 = 648.8 lbs
= 0.6488 kips
R y2 = 1894.2 lbs
= 1.8942 kips
R y3 = 476.5 lbs
= 0.4765 kips
Check: R y1 + R y2 + R y3 = 648.8 + 1894.2 + 476.5 = 3019.5 lbs = 137.25(12 + 10) lbs ok
Ry1 = 0.6488 kips Ry2 = 1.8942 kips Ry3 = 0.4765 kips
Figure 3-6 Factored Vertical Reactions on Floor Joist Supports
X1 = Distance between left support and point of zero shear in left span
= R y1 W s
= 648.8/ (137.25/ 12) = 56.73 in.
Mx1 = Maximum factored bending moment in Zone (1), (Fig. 3-7)
W s (X 1 )
2
= R y1 X 1
2
= 0.6488 * 56.73
(137.25 12000 ) * (56.73 )2 = 18.4018 kips.in.
2
W s (L 1 )
2
= R y1L 1
2
=
(137.25 12000 ) * (12 * 12)2 0.6488 * (12 * 12) = 25.1568 kips.in.
2

Page 5 of 36
= Mx2 = 25.1568 kips.in.
X2 = Distance between right support and point of zero shear in right span
= R y3 W s
= 476.5/ (137.25/ 12) = 41.66 in.
W s (X 2 )
2
= R y2 X 2
2
= 0.4765 * 41.66
(137.25 12000 ) * (41.66 )2 = 9.9258 kips.in.
2
M x1 = 18.4018 kips.in.
Mx1 = 18.4018 kips.in.
1Zone 1
Mx3 = 9.9258 kips.in.
M x3 = 9.9258 kips.in.
Zone 4Zone 4
Zone 2Zone 2 Zone 3Zone 3
M x2 = 25.1568
M x3
x2 = 25.1568
kips.in.kips.in.
Figure 3-7 Factored Bending Moment Diagram of the Floor Joist
V y1 = Factored shear force at left support (Fig. 3-8)
= R y1
= 0.6488 kips
Vy2 = Factored left shear force at middle support (Fig. 3-8)
= V y1 + W sL1
137.25
= 0.6488 + ( ) * 12 = 0.9982 kips
1000

Page 6 of 36
Vy3 = Factored right shear force at middle support (Fig. 3-8)
= Vy2 + R y2
= 0.9982 1.8942 = 0.8960 kips
Vy4 = Factored shear force at right support (Fig. 3-8)
= Vy3 + W sL2
137.25
= 0.8960 + ( ) * 10 = 0.4765 kips
1000
Check: Vy4 = R y3 = 0.4765 kips ok
Vy2 = 0.9982 kips
Vy4 = 0.4765 kips
Vy1 = 0.6488 kips

Vy3 = 0.8960 kips
Figure 3-8 Factored Shear Force Diagram of the Floor Joist
Py1 = Crippling force on floor joist at left support (Fig. 3-9)
= R y1
= 0.6488 kips
Py2 = Crippling force on floor joist at middle support (Fig. 3-9)
= R y2
= 1.8942 kips
Py3 = Crippling force on floor joist at right support (Fig. 3-9)
= R y3
= 0.4765 kips

Page 7 of 36
Py1 = 0.6488 kips Py2 = 1.8942 kips Py3 = 0.4765 kips
Figure 3-9 Factored Crippling Forces on the Floor Joist at Supports
4 Dimensioning
The basic dimensions symbols of the floor joist section can be shown in Fig. 4-1, and their values
are summarized in Table 4-1.
t
D
d1
Figure 4-1 Basic Dimensions Symbols of the Floor Joist Section
Table 4-1 Values of the Section Basic Dimensions

Dimension Definition Value (in.)
D Out-to-out section depth 8
B Out-to-out flange width 2
d1 Out-to-out lip depth 0.625
R Inside bend radius 0.0849
t Thickness of the section 0.0566
To calculate the section strength in flexural moment, shear, and web crippling; the section can be divided
into labeled elements as shown in Fig. 4-2.

Page 8 of 36
2
1'
2'
Figure 4-2 Labeled Elements of the Floor Joist Section
The flat widths of the section elements (shown in Fig. 4-3) can be calculated as follows:
W1 = Flat width of Element (1)
= d1 (t + R)
= 0.625 (0.0566 + 0.0849) = 0.4835 in.

'
W1 = Flat width of Element (1')
= W1
= 0.4835 in.
= B 2(t + R)
= 2 2 * (0.0566 + 0.0849) = 1.717 in.

'
W2 = Flat width of Element (2')
= W2
= 1.717 in.
= D 2(t + R)
= 8 2 * (0.0566 + 0.0849) = 7.717 in.

Page 9 of 36
W2
W1
W3
W1'
W2'
Figure 4-3 Flat Widths of Section Elements
5 Strength Check
5.1 Flexural Moment (Mx)
The major flexural strength of the floor joist member in each zone its bending moment diagram
includes is the least of:
a) The strength at initiation of cross-section yielding.
b) The strength for lateral-torsional buckling.
5.1.1 Flexural Strength at Initiation of Cross-Section Yielding

The flexural strength at initiation of the cross-section yielding has a constant value for all zones
the bending moment diagram of the joist member includes, and the unique variable is the position of the
compression flange; i.e. if it is the upper or the lower one. Considering Zone (1) shown in (Fig. 3-7), the
compression flange of the section is its upper one; and the effective properties of the section can be
calculated by loading the section by a stress gradient (tension-compression), which has the value of the
yielding stress (Fy) at the extreme compression fiber of the section (Fig. 5-1).

Page 10 of 36
2 Fy
f2
f 1-3 and f 2-1
1
f 1-1
Ycg0 = 4.0 in.
Mx 3
N.A.
1' f 2-3
2'
Figure 5-1 Initial Position of Neutral Axis and Stress Distribution on the Full Unreduced Section at
Initiation of Yielding
Iteration (1)
The section is assumed to be fully effective, i.e. the neutral axis (N.A.) is assumed located at a distance
equal to half the section depth, measured from the extreme compression fiber of the section towards the
tension flange (Fig. 5-1).

Page 11 of 36
5.1.1.1 Effective Area Calculation
5.1.1.1.1 Element (1) and Element (2)

Element (1) can be classified as a unstiffened element under stress gradient (compression-
compression), thus, the effective width of W 1 can be calculated in accordance with section B3.2 (a) in the
2004 supplement as follows:
f1-1 = Compression stress at the top end of W 1 (Fig. 5-1)
Ycgo t R
= Fy
Y
cgo
4 0.0566 0.0849
= * 50 = 48.23125 ksi
4
f2-1 = Compression stress at the bottom end of W 1 (Fig. 5-1)
Ycgo d1
= F
Ycgo y

4 0.625
= * 50 = 42.1875 ksi
4
1
1
= |f2-1/ f1-1| (Eq. B3.2-1)
= |42.1875/ 48.23125| = 0.8746922
0.578 1
K1 = (Eq. B3.2-2)
1 + 0.34
0.578
= = 0.4758407
0.8746922 + 0.34
2
2E t
Fcr1 = K1 (Eq. B2.1-5)
2 W
12 (1 ) 1
2
2 * 29500 0.0566
= 0.4758407 * = 173.8604 ksi
12 (1 0.3 2 ) 0.4835
1
Supplement 2004 to the NASPEC-AISI 2001 for the Design of Cold-Formed Steel Structural Members

Page 12 of 36
f11
1 = (Eq. B2.1-4)
Fcr1
48.23125
= = 0.5267007 < 0.673
173.8604
d'1 = effective width of W 1
= W1 (Eq. B2.1-1)
= 0.4835 in.
Element (2) can be classified as a uniformly compressed element with an edge stiffener, where its
stiffener is Element (1); thus; the effective width of W 2 and the reduced effective width of W 1 can be
calculated in accordance with Section B4.2 in the 2001 specification as follows:
f2 = Compression stress at the centerline of W 2 (Fig. 5-1)
Ycgo 0.5t
= Fy
Ycgo

4 0.5 * 0.0566
= * 50 = 49.64625 ksi
4
S = 1.28 E f2 (Eq. B4-1)
= 1.28 29500 49.64625 = 31.20166
W 2/ t = 1.717/ 0.0566 = 30.33569 > (0.328S = 10.2341458)
Is ( )
= (W1 )3 t sin 2 12 (Eq. B4-2)
= ((0.4835 ) * 0.0566 * sin 90 ) 12 = 5.331196 * 10

3 2 -4 4
in.
3
W t
Ia = 399 t 4 2 0.328 (Eq. B4.2-10)
S
3
4 1.717
= 399(0.0566 )
0.0566
0.328 = 1.094948 * 10 in.
-3 4
31.20166
W t
Ia-max = t 4 115 2 + 5 (Eq. B4.2-10)
S
1.717 0.0566
= (0.0566 )4 115 + 5 = 1.19878 * 10 in.
-3 4
> Ia
31 . 20166

Page 13 of 36
RI = I s Ia (Eq. B4.2-9)
(
= 5.331196 * 10 -4 ) (I1.094948 * 10 ) = 0.4868903
-3
W / t
n = 0.582 - 2 (Eq. B4.2-11)
4S
1.717 / 0.0566
= 0.582 - = 0.3389385
4 * 31.20166
Using Table B4.2 (case of Simple Lip Edge Stiffener);
d1/ W 2 = 0.625/ 1.717 = 0.364007 > 0.25
< 0.80
= 90 > 40
< 140
5d
K2 = 4.82 1 (R I )n + 0.43
W2
5 * 0.625
(0.4868903 )
0.3389385
= 4.82 + 0.43 = 2.780577
1.717
2
2E t
Fcr2 = K2 (Eq. B2.1-5)
2 W
12 (1 ) 2
2
2 * 29500 0.0566
= 2.780577 * = 80.56129 ksi
12 (1 0.3 2 ) 1.717
f2
2 = (Eq. B2.1-4)
Fcr 2
49.64625
= = 0.7850187 > 0.673
80.56129
2 = (1 - 0.22 / 2 ) / 2 (Eq. B2.1-3)
= (1 - 0.22 / 0.7850187) / 0.7850187 = 0.9168595
b2 = Effective width of W 2
= 2W 2 (Eq. B2.1-2)
= 0.9168595 * 1.717 = 1.574248 in.

Page 14 of 36
b1-2 = (b2/ 2)RI (Eq. B4.2-5)
= (1.574248/ 2) * 0.4868903 = 0.38324304 in.
b2-2 = b2 b1-2 (Eq. B4.2-6)
= 1.574248 0.38324304 = 1.19100496 in.
d1 = Reduced effective width of W 1
= d'1RI (Eq. B4.2-7)
= 0.4835 * 0.4868903 = 0.2354114 in.
Rem1 = Removed width of W 1 due to local buckling
= W 1 d1
= 0.4835 0.2354114 = 0.2480886 in.
Rem2 = Removed width of W 2 due to local buckling
= W 2 (b1-2 + b2-2)
= 1.717 (0.38324304 + 1.19100496) = 0.1427522 in.
The effective parts of W 1 and W 2 can be shown in Fig. 5-2.
b1-2
b2-2
d1
Figure 5-2 Effective Parts of W1 and W2

Page 15 of 36
5.1.1.1.2 Element (3)
Element (3) can be classified as a stiffened element under stress gradient (tension-
compression), thus, the effective width of W 3 can be calculated in accordance with section B2.3 (a) in the
2001 specification as follows:
f1-3 = Compression stress at the top end of W 3 (Fig. 5-1)
Ycgo t R
= Fy
Ycgo

4 0.0566 0.0849
= * 50 = 48.23125 ksi
4
f2-3 = Tensile stress at the bottom end of W 3 (Fig. 5-1)
D Ycgo t R
= - Fy
Ycgo

8 4 0.0566 0.0849
= - * 50 = -48.23125 ksi
4
3 = |f2-3/ f1-3| (Eq. B2.3-1)
= |-48.23125/ 48.23125| = 1
= 4 + 2(1 + 3) + 2(1 + 3)
3
K3 (Eq. B2.3-2)
3
= 4 + 2(1 + 1) + 2(1 + 1) = 24
2
2E t
Fcr3 = K3 (Eq. B2.1-5)
2 W
12 (1 ) 3
2
2 * 29500 0.0566
= 24 * = 34.42281 ksi
12 (1 0.3 2 ) 7.717
f13
3 = (Eq. B2.1-4)
Fcr 3
48.23125
= = 1.183699 in. > 0.673
34.42281
3 = (1 - 0.22 / 3 ) / 3 (Eq. B2.1-3)
= (1 - 0.22 / 1.183699)/ 1.183699 = 0.6877949

Page 16 of 36
b3 = Effective width of W 3
= 3W 3 (Eq. B2.1-2)
= 0.6877949 * 7.717 = 5.307714 in.
Since (D/ B) = 8/ 2 = 4 and 3 = 1 > 0.236;
b1-3 = b3/ (3 + 3) (Eq. B2.3-3)
= 5.307714/ (3 + 1) = 1.326928 in.
b2-3 = b3/ 2 (Eq. B2.3-4)
= 5.307714/ 2 = 2.653857 in.
b1-3 + b2-3 = 1.326928 + 2.653857 = 3.980785 in.
Lwc = Flat portion of the web lying in compression zone
= D Ycg0 t R
= 8 4 0.0566 0.0849 = 3.8585 in. < (b1-3 + b2-3)
Web is fully effective
Rem3 = Removed width from Lwc due to local buckling
=0
5.1.1.1.3 Effective area

Based on the total removed length of the section due to local buckling of flat parts (corners
and parts lying in tension zone are always considered fully effective parts), the effective area of the
section in flexural moment (Mx) can be calculated as follows:
Remt = Total removed length of the section due to local buckling
= Rem1 + Rem2 + Rem3
= 0.2480886 + 0.1427522 + 0 = 0.390841 in.
Ae = Effective area of the section
= Ag (Remt * t), where Ag is the gross area of the section

2
= 0.7261155 (0.390841 * 0.0566) = 0.7039939 in.

Page 17 of 36
5.1.1.2 Effective Section Modulus @ Major Axis
To calculate the effective section modulus of the section @ its major axis, we have firstly to
determine the neutral axis position of the effective section as follows:
Ycg1 = Neutral axis position of the effective section after Iteration 1, measured from the extreme
compression fiber towards the tension flange
n
= A i Xi Ae
i=1
Where,
Ai = Effective area of a part the section includes.
Xi = Distance between the centroid of the part and the extreme compression fiber of the section.
Ycg1 = 4.115375 in. > (Ycg0 = 4 in.), (calculations are not shown).
cg1 = Ycg1 Ycg0
= 4.115375 4.0 = 0.115375 in.
Since cg1 has a significant value, iterations must be continued till cg becomes 0.0. By further
iterations, the final value of Ycg was found equal to 4.138987 in. (Fig. 5-3).

Page 18 of 36
2 Fy
f2
f 1-3 and f 2-1
1
f 1-1
Ycg = 4.138987 in.
Mx 3
N.A.
1' f 2-3
2'
Figure 5-3 Final Position of Neutral Axis and Stress Distribution on the Effective Section at
Initiation of Yielding
The effective moment of inertia of the section @ its major axis (Ixe) can be calculated based on the final
4 4
position of the neutral axis, and was found = 6.220012 in. < (Ixg = 6.574028 in. ); where Ixg is the gross
moment of inertia @ major axis (calculations are not shown).
Sxe = Effective section modulus of the section @ major axis
= Ixe/ Ycg
3
= 6.220012/ 4.138987 = 1.502782 in.
5.1.1.3 Strength Increase due to Cold-Work of Forming

Since the quantity 2 is less than unity, the yield strength increase due to cold-work of forming;
discussed in Section A7.2; won't be applicable.

Page 19 of 36
5.1.1.4 Determination of the Flexural Strength for Initiation of Yielding
Mnx-Y = Nominal major flexural strength of Zone (1) at initiation of yielding
= SxeFy (Eq. C3.1.1-1)
= 1.502782 * 50 = 75.1391 kips.in.
Mx-Y = Allowable major flexural strength of Zone (1) at initiation of yielding
= bMnx-Y
= 0.95 * 75.1391 = 71.3821 kips.in.
The values of Mnx-Y and Mx-Y for each zone and the corresponding position of the compression flange can
be summarized in Table 5-1.
Table 5-1 Values of Mnx-Y and Mx-Y for Each Zone and Corresponding Position of Compression
Flange
Mnx-Y Mx-Y Compression

Zone
(kips.in.) (kips.in.) Flange Position
(1) 75.1391 71.3821 Upper

(2) 75.1391 71.3821 Lower
(3) 75.1391 71.3821 Lower
(4) 75.1391 71.3821 Upper
5.1.2 Flexural Strength for Lateral-Torsional Buckling
5.1.2.1 Unsupported Length

The flexural strength for lateral-torsional buckling of each zone the bending moment diagram
of the joist member includes depends on the unsupported length of the zone. Since no lateral bracing is
used for either top or bottom flange, the unsupported length (Lu) of each zone can be calculated as
follows:
Lu(1) = Unsupported length of Zone (1)
= Distance from left support to point of zero moment in the left span
2R y1
=
Ws
2 * 648.8
= = 9.4543 ft = 113.4514 in.
137.25

Page 20 of 36
= Distance from point of zero moment in the left span to middle support
= (12 * 12) 113.4514 = 30.5486 in. < 48 in.
= Distance from point of zero moment in the right span to right support
2R y 3
=
Ws
2 * 476.5
= = 6.9435 ft = 83.3224 in.
137.25
= Distance from middle support to point of zero moment in the right span
= (10 * 12) 83.3224 = 36.6776 in. < 48 in.
5.1.2.2 Calculation of the Lateral-Torsional Buckling Stress

The lateral-torsional buckling stress (Fc) of each zone can be calculated in accordance with
Section C3.1.2.1 in the 2001 specification, based on the zone unsupported length.
Considering Zone (1), Fc can be calculated as follows:
Cb = 1.0 (conservatively)
Sf = Elastic section modulus of full unreduced section relative to extreme compression fiber
= Ix/ (0.5D)
3
= 6.574028/ (0.5 * 8) = 1.643507 in.
2E
ey = (Eq. C3.1.2.1-8)
(K y L y Ry )2
2 * 29500
= = 11.11943 ksi
(113.4514 0.7011166)2
1 2 EC w
t = GJ + (Eq. C3.1.2.1-9)
Aro2 (K t L t )2
1 4 2 * 29500 * 4.662847
= 11300 * 7.753849 * 10 +
0.7261155(3.338383)2 (113.4514)2
= 14.11665 ksi

Page 21 of 36
Fe = Elastic critical lateral-torsional buckling stress
C b ro A
= ey t (Eq. C3.1.2.1-5)
Sf
1.0 * 3.338383 * 0.7261155

= 11.11943 * 14.11665
1.643507
= 18.47895 ksi < (0.56Fy = 28 ksi)
Fc = Fe (Eq. C3.1.2.1-4)
= 18.47895 ksi
5.1.2.3 Effective Area Calculation

The effective area of the section can be calculated by loading the section by a stress gradient
(tension-compression). For Zone (1), the compression flange is the top one; so; this stress has the value
of Fc at the extreme compression fiber. After a similar local buckling study to that for initiation of yielding,
the distance (Ycg) was found 4.0 in. (fully effective section) and the effective moment of inertia of the
4
section (Ixc) was found 6.57402 in. .
5.1.2.4 Effective Section Modulus @ Major Axis

Sxc = Effective section modulus of the section relative to extreme compression fiber
= Ixc/ Ycg
3
= 6.57402/4.0 = 1.6435 in.
5.1.2.5 Determination of the Flexural Strength for Lateral-Torsional Buckling

Mnx-LTB = Nominal major flexural strength of Zone (1) for lateral-torsional buckling
= SxcFc (Eq. C3.1.2.1-1)
= 1.6435 * 18.47895 = 30.3702 kips.in.
Mx-LTB = Allowable major flexural strength of Zone (1) for lateral-torsional buckling
= bMnx-LTB
= 0.9 * 30.3702 = 27.3332 kips.in.
The values of Mnx-LTB and Mx-LTB for each zone and the corresponding position of the compression flange
can be summarized in Table 5-2.

Page 22 of 36
Table 5-2 Values of Mnx-LTB and Mx-LTB for Each Zone and Corresponding Position of Compression
Flange
Unsupported
Mnx-LTB Mx-LTB Compression
Zone Length
Flange Position
(in.) (kips.in.) (kips.in.)
(1) 113.4514 30.3702 27.3332 Upper
(2) 30.5486 N/A N/A Lower
(3) 36.6776 N/A N/A Lower
(4) 83.3224 53.6179 48.2561 Upper
5.1.3 Flexural Strength Determination and Check of Safety of Each Zone

The flexural strength (Mx-all) and the check of safety of each zone can be summarized in Table 5-3.
Table 5-3 Flexural Strength and Check of Safety of Each Zone
Mx-Y Mx-LTB Mx-all Mx Act/ All

Zone Status
( Mx / Mx-all)
(kips.in.) (kips.in.) (kips.in.) (kips.in.)
(1) 71.3821 27.3332 27.3332 18.4018 0.6732 Safe
(2) 71.3821 N/A 71.3821 25.1568 0.3524 Safe
(3) 71.3821 N/A 71.3821 25.1568 0.3524 Safe
(4) 71.3821 48.2561 48.2561 9.9258 0.2057 Safe
5.1.4 Maximum Act/All for Each Span

Maximum Act/ All for left span = Maximum of 0.6732 and 0.3524
= 0.6732
Maximum Act/ All for right span = Maximum of 0.3524 and 0.2057
= 0.3524

Page 23 of 36
5.2 Shear (Vy)
The shear strength of a section can be determined in accordance with Section C3.2.1 in the 2001
specification as discussed in the sections to follow.
5.2.1 Calculation of the Nominal Shear Stress (Fv)

h = Flat portion of the web
= W3
= 7.717 in.
h/ t = 7.717/ 0.0566 = 136.3428
Web is unreinforced Kv = shear buckling coefficient = 5.34
EK v Fy = 29500 * 5.34 50
= 56.13021 < (h/ t)
1.51 EK v Fy = 1.51 * 56.13021
= 84.75661 < (h/ t)
Fv = Nominal shear stress
= 0.904EK v (h t ) 2 (Eq. C3.2.1-4)
= 0.904 * 29500 * 5.34 (136.3428 ) 2 = 7.660685 ksi
5.2.2 Calculation of the Shear Resisting Area (Aw)

Aw = Area of web resisting shear
= ht
2
= 7.717 * 0.0566 = 0.4367822 in.
5.2.3 Shear Strength Determination and Check of Safety

Vny = Nominal shear strength of the section
= A wF v (Eq. C3.2.1-1)
= 0.4367822 * 7.660685 = 3.3461 Kips

Page 24 of 36
Vy-all = Allowable shear strength of the section
= vVny
= 0.95 * 3.3461 = 3.1788 kips
5.2.3.1 Left Span
Vy = Maximum actual shear force on floor joist member
= Maximum of Vy1 and Vy2
= Maximum of 0.6488 kips and 0.9982 kips
= 0.9982 kips < Vy-all Safe
Act/ All = Vy / Vy-all
= 0.9982/ 3.1788 = 0.3140
5.2.3.2 Right Span
Vy = Maximum actual shear force on floor joist member
= Maximum of Vy3 and Vy4
= Maximum of 0.8960 kips and 0.4765 kips
= 0.8960 kips < Vy-all Safe
Act/ All = Vy / Vy-all
= 0.8960/ 3.1788 = 0.2819

Page 25 of 36
5.3 Web-Crippling (Py)
For supports vertical reactions, the web-crippling must be checked in accordance with Section
C3.4.1 in the 2001 specification, as follows:
Pny = Nominal web-crippling strength
R N h
= Ct 2 Fy Sin1 C R 1 + CN 1 Ch (Eq. C3.4.1-1)
t t t

5.3.1 Left Support (case of End, One-Flange Loading)

= 4 * (0.0566 ) * 50 * Sin90 1 0.14
2 0.0849 1 + 0.35 3 1 0.02 7.717
Pny
0.0566 0 . 0566 0.0566

= 1.4437 kips
Py-all = Allowable web-crippling strength
= wPny
= 0.85 * 1.4437 = 1.2271 kips
Py = 0.6488 kips < Py-all Safe
Act/ All = Py / Py-all
= 0.6488/ 1.2271 = 0.5287
5.3.2 Middle Support (case of Interior, One-Flange Loading)

= 13 * (0.0566 ) * 50 * Sin90 1 0.23
2 0.0849 1 + 0.14 3 1 0.01 7.717
Pny
0.0566
0.0566 0.0566

= 2.6676 kips
= wPny
= 0.90 * 2.6676 = 2.4008 kips
= 1.8942/ 2.4008 = 0.7890

Page 26 of 36
5.3.3 Right Support (case of End, One-Flange Loading)
= 1.2271 kips (as for left support)
= 0.4765/ 1.2271 = 0.3883
5.3.4 Maximum Act/All for Each Span

Maximum Act/ All for left span = Maximum of 0.5287 and 0.7890
= 0.7890
Maximum Act/ All for right span = Maximum of 0.7890 and 0.3883
= 0.7890
5.4 Combined (Mx) and (Vy)

5.4.1 Left Span
The critical combined corresponding values of bending moment ( Mx ) and shear force ( Vy ) were
found just left to the middle support (X/ L = 12/ 12 = 1.0), and can be checked in accordance with Section
C3.3.2 in the 2004 supplement as follows:-
2
Mx
2
Vy
Interaction = + must be 1.0 (Eq. C3.3.2-1)
2
M v Vny
b nxo
2 2
25.1568 0.9982
= + = 0.472 < (Upper Limit = 1.0) safe
71.3821 3.1788
Act/ All = Interaction/ Upper Limit
= 0.472/ 1 = 0.472
2
Supplement 2004 to the NASPEC-AISI 2001 for the Design of Cold-Formed Steel Structural Members

Page 27 of 36
5.4.2 Right Span
The critical combined corresponding values of bending moment ( Mx ) and shear force ( Vy ) were
found just right to the middle support (X/ L = 0/ 10 = 0.0), and can be checked in accordance with Section
C3.3.2 in the 2004 supplement as follows:-
2
Mx
2
Vy
Interaction = + must be 1.0 (Eq. C3.3.2-1)
M v Vny
b nxo
2 2
25.1568 0.8960
= + = 0.451 < (Upper Limit = 1.0) safe
71.3821 3.1788
Act/ All = Interaction/ Upper Limit
= 0.451/ 1 = 0.451
5.5 Combined (Mx) and (Py)

The combination of the bending moment ( Mx ) and crippling force ( Py ) is found at the middle
support, and has to be checked in accordance with Section C3.5.2 in the 2004 Supplement as follows:
Py M
= 0.91 + x 2
Interaction (Eq. C3.5.2-1)
Pny Mnxo

1.8942 25.1568
= 0.91 + = 0.9810
2.6676 75.1391
Upper Limit = 1.33
= 1.33 * 0.9 = 1.197 > Interaction safe
Act/ All = Interaction / Upper Limit
= 0.9810/ 1.197 = 0.820 (for both left and right spans)

Page 28 of 36
6 Serviceability Check
6.1 Left Span
6.1.1 Total Load Deflection (Total)

act-Total = Maximum actual deflection due to nominal total load (W Total)
= 0.1325 in. (from structural analysis)
all-Total = Maximum allowed deflection for total load
= L1/ 240
= (12 * 12)/ 240 = 0.60 in. > act-Total safe
Act/ All = act-Total/ all-Total
= 0.1325/ 0.60 = 0.2208
6.1.2 Live Load Deflection (Live)

act-Live = Maximum actual deflection due to nominal live load (W Live)
= 0.0795 in. (from structural analysis)
all-Live = Maximum allowed deflection for live load
= L1/ 360
= (12 * 12)/ 360 = 0.40 in. > act-Live safe
Act/ All = act-Live/ all-Live
= 0.0795/ 0.40 = 0.1988
6.2 Right Span

6.2.1 Total Load Deflection (Total)
act-Total = Maximum actual deflection due to nominal total load (W Total)
= 0.0373 in.
all-Total = Maximum allowed deflection for total load
= L2/ 240
= (10 * 12)/ 240 = 0.50 in. > act-Total safe

Page 29 of 36
Act/ All = act-Total/ all-Total
= 0.0373/ 0.50 = 0.0746
6.2.2 Live Load Deflection (Live)

act-Live = Maximum actual deflection due to nominal live load (W Live)
= 0.0224 in.
all-Live = Maximum allowed deflection for live load
= L2/ 360
= (10 * 12)/ 360 = 0.3333 in. > act-Live safe
Act/ All = act-Live/ all-Live
= 0.0224/ 0.3333 = 0.0672
7 Conclusion
It is safe to use a (800S200-54mil, 50ksi) section as a joist for this floor.

Page 30 of 36
8 Verification of SteelSmart System
8.1 Forces and Deflection Diagrams
8.1.1 Bending Moment Diagram (kips.in.)

Page 31 of 36
8.1.2 Shear Force Diagram (kips)

Page 32 of 36
8.1.3 Total load Deflection Diagram (in.)

Page 33 of 36
8.1.4 Live load Deflection Diagram (in.)

Page 34 of 36
8.2 Output
8.2.1 Left Span

Page 35 of 36
8.2.2 Right Span

Page 36 of 36

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Double Span Floor Joist

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Verification Samples

Double Span Floor Joist

Web-crippling check is considered, and the bearing length (N) = 3 in.

The section web is unreinforced along the joist span.

Table 1-1 Geometric and Loading Data of Floor Joist Spans

Joist spacing (S) = 18 in.

Neither lateral nor torsional bracing is used for top flange.

Deflection limit = L/ 360 (for live load)

= L/ 240 (for total load), where L is the span length.

The maximum absolute deflection is 0.6 in.

Strength increase due to cold-work of forming is considered (if applicable).

Effect of standard punch-out (4" X 1.5") is not considered.

Double Span Floor Joist SteelSmart System 7.0 SP2

Double Span Floor Joist SteelSmart System 7.0 SP2

Figure 3-1 Statical System of the Floor Joist

Figure 3-2 Nominal Dead load on Floor Joist (WDead)

W Live = Nominal live load on floor joist (Fig. 3-3)

WLive = 67.5 lbs/ ft

Figure 3-3 Nominal Live load on Floor Joist (WLive)

WS = Factored load on floor joist for strength design (Fig. 3-4)

= 1.1 x W Dead + 1.3 x W Live

= (1.1 * 45) + (1.3 * 67.5) = 137.25 lbs/ ft

Double Span Floor Joist SteelSmart System 7.0 SP2

= 45 + 67.5 = 112.5 lbs/ ft

WTotal = 112.5 lbs/ ft

3.3 Design Forces

Moments @ left support = 0.0;

R y2L 1 + R y3 (L 1 + L 2 ) = W s * (L1 + L2) / 2

Moments @ middle support = 0.0;

Moments @ right support = 0.0;

Double Span Floor Joist SteelSmart System 7.0 SP2

Solving (1), (2), and (3) simultaneously;

Check: R y1 + R y2 + R y3 = 648.8 + 1894.2 + 476.5 = 3019.5 lbs = 137.25(12 + 10) lbs ok

Ry1 = 0.6488 kips Ry2 = 1.8942 kips Ry3 = 0.4765 kips

Figure 3-6 Factored Vertical Reactions on Floor Joist Supports

= 648.8/ (137.25/ 12) = 56.73 in.

Mx1 = Maximum factored bending moment in Zone (1), (Fig. 3-7)

Mx2 = Maximum factored bending moment in Zone (2), (Fig. 3-7)

Double Span Floor Joist SteelSmart System 7.0 SP2

= Mx2 = 25.1568 kips.in.

= 476.5/ (137.25/ 12) = 41.66 in.

Mx4 = Maximum factored bending moment in Zone (4), (Fig. 3-7)

Zone 2Zone 2 Zone 3Zone 3

Figure 3-7 Factored Bending Moment Diagram of the Floor Joist

V y1 = Factored shear force at left support (Fig. 3-8)

Vy2 = Factored left shear force at middle support (Fig. 3-8)

Double Span Floor Joist SteelSmart System 7.0 SP2

= 0.9982 1.8942 = 0.8960 kips

Vy4 = Factored shear force at right support (Fig. 3-8)

Check: Vy4 = R y3 = 0.4765 kips ok

Vy2 = 0.9982 kips

Vy4 = 0.4765 kips

Vy1 = 0.6488 kips

Figure 3-8 Factored Shear Force Diagram of the Floor Joist

Py1 = Crippling force on floor joist at left support (Fig. 3-9)

Py2 = Crippling force on floor joist at middle support (Fig. 3-9)

Py3 = Crippling force on floor joist at right support (Fig. 3-9)

Double Span Floor Joist SteelSmart System 7.0 SP2

Figure 3-9 Factored Crippling Forces on the Floor Joist at Supports

Figure 4-1 Basic Dimensions Symbols of the Floor Joist Section

Table 4-1 Values of the Section Basic Dimensions

Double Span Floor Joist SteelSmart System 7.0 SP2

W1 = Flat width of Element (1)

= 0.625 (0.0566 + 0.0849) = 0.4835 in.