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Questions4.1
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1. Whatisthebasisforexpressingtheresponseofasystemunderperiodicexcitationasasummationof
severalharmonicresponses?
YourAnswer:
a

AnyperiodicfunctioncanbeexpressedasasumofharmonicfunctionsusingFourierseries.

2. Indicatesomemethodsforfindingtheresponseofasystemundernonperiodicforces.
YourAnswer:
a

a.RepresentingtheexcitationbyaFourierintegral.
b.Usingthemethodofconvolutionintegral
c.UsingthemethodofLaplacetransfor
d.Numericalintegrationofequationsofmotion

3. WhatistheDuhamelintegral?Whatisitsuse?
YourAnswer:
a

Theequationdenotingtheresponseofanunderdampedsingledegreeoffreedomsystemtoan
arbitraryexcitationiscalledDuhamelintegral.

4. Howaretheinitialconditionsdeterminedforasingledegreeoffreedomsystemsubjectedtoan
impulseatt=0?
YourAnswer:
a

Whenanimpulseofmagnitude isappliedatt=0,theinitialconditionscanbetakenas

5. Derivetheequationofmotionofasystemsubjectedtobaseexcitation.
YourAnswer:
a

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Equationofmotionofasystemsubjectedtobaseexcitationy(t)isgivenby

where .

6. Whatisaresponsespectrum?
YourAnswer:
a

Responsespectrumisagraphshowingthevariationofthemaximumresponse,suchasmaximum
displacement,withthenaturalfrequencyofasingledegreeoffreedomsystemtoaspecifiedforcing
function.

7. WhataretheadvantagesofLaplacetransformationmethod?
YourAnswer:
a

Itcantreatdiscontinuousfunctionswithoutanyparticulardifficulty.
Itautomaticallytakesintoaccounttheinitialconditions.

8. Whatistheuseofthepseudospectrum?
YourAnswer:
a

Theresponsespectrumassociatedwiththefictitiousvelocityassociatedwiththeapparentharmonic
motioniscalledpseudospectrum.

9. HowistheLaplacetrandformofafunctionx(t)defined?
YourAnswer:
a

10. Definetheseterms:generalizedimpedanceandadmittanceofasystem.
YourAnswer:
a

Generalizedimpedance( ):

Admittance( ):

11. Statetheinterpolationmodelsthatcanbeusedforapproximatinganarbitraryforcingfunction.
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11.
YourAnswer:
a

Stepfunctionandlinearfunction.

12. Howmanyresonantconditionsaretherewhentheexternalforceisnotharmonic?
YourAnswer:
a

Iftheforcingfunctionisneitherperiodicnorharmonic,therewillbenoresonanceconditions.

13. Howdoyoucomputethefrequencyofthefirstharmonicofaperiodicforce?
YourAnswer:
a

IftheperiodisT,thefirstharmonicfrequencyisgivenby .

14. Whatistherelationbetweenthefrequenciesofhigherharmonicsandfrequencyofthefirstharmonic
foraperiodicexcitation?
YourAnswer:
a

n thfrequency(n)isgivenby

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1. Thechangeinmomentumiscalledimpulse.

YourAnswer: True

2. Theresponseofasystemunderarbitraryforcecanbefoundbysummingthe
responsesduetoseveralelementaryimpulses.

YourAnswer: True

3. Theresponsespectrumcorrespondingtobaseexcitationisusefulinthedesignof
machinerysubjecttoearthquakes.

YourAnswer: True

4. Someperiodicfunctionscannotbereplacedbyasumofharmonicfunctions.

YourAnswer: True
CorrectAnswer: False

5. Theamplitudesofhigherharmonicswillbesmallerintheresponseofasystem.

YourAnswer: True

6. TheLaplacetransformmethodtakestheinitialconditionsintoaccountautomatically.

YourAnswer: True

7. Theequationofmotioncanbeintegratednumericallyevenwhentheexcitingforceis
nonperiodic.

YourAnswer: True

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8. Theresponsespectrumgivesthemaximumresponseofallpossiblesingledegreeof
freedomsystems.

YourAnswer: True

9. Foraharmonicoscillator,theaccelerationanddisplacementspectracanbeobtained
fromthevelocityspectrum.Asetisacollectionofobjects.

YourAnswer: True

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1. Theresponseofalinearsystemunderanyperiodicforcecanbefoundby
__________appropriateharmonicresponses.

YourAnswer: a
CorrectAnswer: superposing

2. Anynonperiodicfunctioncanberepresentedbya__________integral.

YourAnswer: a
CorrectAnswer: Fourier

3. Animpulseforcehasalargemagnitudeandactsforavery__________periodof
time.

YourAnswer: a
CorrectAnswer: short

4. Theresponseofasingledegreeoffreedomsystemtoaunit__________isknown
astheimpulseresponsefunction.

YourAnswer: a
CorrectAnswer: impulse

5. TheDuhamelintegralisalsoknownasthe__________integral.

YourAnswer: a
CorrectAnswer: convolution

6. Thevariationofthemaximumresponsewiththenaturalfrequencyofasingle
degreeoffreedomsystemisknownas__________spectrum.

YourAnswer: a
CorrectAnswer: response

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7. Thetransientresponseofasystemcanbefoundusingthe__________integral.

YourAnswer: a
CorrectAnswer: convolution

8. Thecompletesolutionofavibrationproblemiscomposedofthe__________state
andtransientsolutions.

YourAnswer: a
CorrectAnswer: steady

9. TheLaplacetransformmethodconvertsadifferentialequationintoan__________
equation.

YourAnswer: a
CorrectAnswer: algebraic

10. Thetransferfunctionisthe__________ofthegeneralizedimpedance.

YourAnswer: a
CorrectAnswer: reciprocal

11. Animpulsecanbemeasuredbyfindingthechangein__________ofthesystem.

YourAnswer: a
CorrectAnswer: momentum

12. TheDuhamelintegralisbasedonthe__________responsefunctionofthesystem.

YourAnswer: a
CorrectAnswer: impulse

13. TheDuhamelintegralcanbeusedtofindtheresponseof__________singledegree
offreedomsystemsunderarbitraryexcitations.

YourAnswer: a
CorrectAnswer: undamped

14. Thevelocityresponsespectrum,determinedfromtheaccelerationspectrum,is
knownasthe__________spectrum.

YourAnswer: a
CorrectAnswer: pseudo

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15. Anyperiodicforcingfunctioncanbeexpandedin__________series.

YourAnswer: a
CorrectAnswer: Fourier

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1. Thetransientpartofthesolutionarisesfrom:

YourAnswer: forcingfunction
CorrectAnswer: initialconditions

2. Ifasystemissubjectedtoasuddenlyappliednonperiodicforce,theresponsewillbe

YourAnswer: transient

3. Theinitialconditionsaretobeappliedto

YourAnswer: steadystatesolution
CorrectAnswer: totalsolution

4. Theaccelerationspectrum(Sa)canbeexpressedintermsofthedisplacement
spectrum(Sd)as

YourAnswer:

5. Thepseudospectrumisassociatedwith

YourAnswer: pseudovelocity

6. TheFouriercoefficientsaretobefoundnumericallywhenthevaluesofthefunction
f(t)areavailable

YourAnswer: atdiscretevaluesoft

7. Theresponseofasingledegreeoffreedomsystemunderbaseexcitation,y(t),can
bedeterminedbyusingtheexternalforceas

YourAnswer:

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CorrectAnswer:

8. Theresponsespectrumiswidelyusedin

YourAnswer: buildingdesignunderlargeliveloads
CorrectAnswer: earthquakedesign

9. Theequationofmotionofasystemsubjectedtobaseexcitation,y(t),isgivenby

YourAnswer:

10. ThefunctionestusedintheLaplacetransformisknownas

YourAnswer: integrand
CorrectAnswer: kernal

11. TheLaplacetransformofx(t)isdefinedby

YourAnswer:

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1. Matchthefollowing:

Option YourAnswer CorrectAnswer

1.1 A.unitimpulseresponse A.unitimpulseresponse

function function

1.2 B.convolutionintegral B.convolutionintegral

1.3 C.inverseLaplace C.inverseLaplace

transformof transformof

1.4 D.generalized F.admittancefunction

impedancefunction

1.5 E.Laplacetransform D.generalized

impedancefunction

1.6 F.admittancefunction E.Laplacetransform

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1. Howdoyoudeterminethenumberofdegreesoffreedomofalumpedmasssystem?
YourAnswer:
a

Numberofdegreesoffreedom=(numberofmassesinthesystem)(numberofpossibletypesof
motionofeachmass)

2. Define:masscoupling,velocitycoupling,andelasticcoupling.
YourAnswer:
a

Ifthemassmatrixisnotdiagonal,thesystemissaidtohavemasscoupling.
Ifthedampingmatrixisnotdiagonal,thesystemissaidtohavevelocitycoupling.
Ifthestiffnessmatrixisnotdiagonal,thesystemissaidtohaveelasticcoupling.

3. Isthenatureofthecouplingdependentonthecoordinatesused?
YourAnswer:
a

Yes.

4. Howmanydegreesoffreedomdoesanairplaneinflighthaveifitistreatedas(a)arigidbody,and(b)
anelasticbody?
YourAnswer:
a

(a)Six:forarigidbody
(b)Infinity:foranelasticbody.

5. Whatareprincipalcoordinates?Whatistheiruse?
YourAnswer:
a

Thecoordinatesthatleadtoequationsofmotionthatarebothstaticallyanddynamicallyuncoupled,
areknownasprincipalcoordinates.Theyareusefulsincetheresultingequationsofmotioncanbe
solvedindependentlyofoneanother.

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6. Whyarethemass,damping,andstiffnessmatricessymmetrical?
YourAnswer:
a

Duetosymmetryofinfluencecoefficientsthatis,theforcealongxitocauseaunitdisplacement
alongxjissameastheforcealongxjtocauseaunitdisplacementalongxi.

7. Whatisanode?
YourAnswer:
a

Nodeisapointinthesystemwhichdoesnotmoveduringvibrationinaparticularmode.

8. Whatismeantbystaticanddynamiccoupling?Howcanyoueliminatecouplingoftheequationsof
motion?
YourAnswer:
a

Staticcoupling:Ifastaticforceisappliedalongxi,itcausesdisplacementalongxjaswell.
Dynamiccoupling:Ifadynamicforceisappliedalongxi,itcausesdisplacementalongxjaswell.

Couplingoftheequationsofmotioncanbeeliminatedbyusingaspecialsystemofcoordinatesknown
asprincipalcoordinates.

9. Definetheimpedancematrix.
YourAnswer:
a

Impedancematrix[Z(i)]isdefinedby where

10. Howcanwemakeasystemvibrateinoneofitsnaturalmodes?
YourAnswer:
a

Bygivinginitialconditionsthatsimulatethedisplacementpatternoftheparticularmodeshape.

11. Whatisadegeneratesystem?Givetwoexamplesofphysicalsystemsthataredegenerate.
YourAnswer:
a

Degeneratesystemisoneforwhichatleastoneofthenaturalfrequenciesiszero(thatis,the
stiffnessmatrixissingular).
Examples:
Tworailwaycarsconnectedbyaspring.
Tworotorsconnectedbyanelasticshaft.

12.
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12. Howmanydegeneratemodescanavibratingsystemhave?
YourAnswer:
a

Atthemost,six,correspondingtothreetranslationalandthreerigidbodyrotationalmotions.

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1. Thenormalmodescanalsobecalledprincipalmodes.

YourAnswer: True

2. Thegeneralizedcoordinatesarelinearlydependent.

YourAnswer: True
CorrectAnswer: False

3. Principalcoordinatescanbeconsideredasgeneralizedcoordinates.

YourAnswer: True

4. Thevibrationofasystemdependsonthecoordinatesystem.

YourAnswer: True
CorrectAnswer: False

5. Thenatureofcouplingdependsinthecoordinatesystem.

YourAnswer: True

6. Theprincipalcoordinatesavoidbothstaticanddynamiccoupling.

YourAnswer: True

7. Theuseofprincipalcoordinateshelpsinfindingtheresponseofthesystem.

YourAnswer: True

8. Themass,stiffness,anddampingmatricesofatwodegreeoffreedomsystemare
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symmetric.

YourAnswer: True

9. Thecharacteristicsofatwodegreeoffreedomsystemareusedinthedesignof
dynamicvibrationabsorber.

YourAnswer: True

10. Semidefinitesystemsarealsoknownasdegeneratesystems.

YourAnswer: True

11. Asemidefinitesystemcannothavenonzeronaturalfrequencies.

YourAnswer: True
CorrectAnswer: False

12. Thegeneralizedcoordinatesarealwaysmeasuredformtheequilibriumpositionof
thebody.

YourAnswer: True
CorrectAnswer: False

13. Duringfreevibration,differentdegreesoffreedomoscillatewithdifferentphase
angles.

YourAnswer: True
CorrectAnswer: False

14. Duringfreevibration,differentdegreesoffreedomoscillateatdifferentfrequencies.

YourAnswer: True
CorrectAnswer: False

15. Duringfreevibration,differentdegreesoffreedomoscillatewithdifferentamplitudes.

YourAnswer: True

16. Therelativeamplitudeofdifferentdegreesoffreedominatwodegreeoffreedom
systemdependonthenaturalfrequency.

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YourAnswer: True

17. Themodalvectorsofasystemdenotethenormalmodesofvibration.

YourAnswer: True

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1. Thefreevibrationofatwodegreeoffreedomsystemunderarbitraryinitialexcitation
canbefoundbysuperposingthetwo__________modesofvibration.

YourAnswer: a
CorrectAnswer: natural/principal/normal

2. Themotionofatwodegreeoffreedomsystemisdescribedbytwo__________
coordinates.

YourAnswer: a
CorrectAnswer: independent

3. Whentheforcingfrequencyisequaltooneofthenaturalfrequenciesofthesystem,
aphenomenon,knownas__________occurs.

YourAnswer: a
CorrectAnswer: resonance

4. Theamplitudesandphaseanglesaredeterminedfromthe__________conditions
ofthesystem.

YourAnswer: a
CorrectAnswer: initial

5. Foratorsionalsystem,__________areanalogoustothemassesandlinearsprings,
respectively,ofamassspringsystem.

YourAnswer: a
CorrectAnswer: massmomentsofinertia,torsionalsprings

6. Theuseofdifferentgeneralizedcoordinatesleadtodifferenttypesof__________.

YourAnswer: a
CorrectAnswer: coupling

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7. Asemidefinitesystemhasatleastone__________bodymotion.

YourAnswer: a
CorrectAnswer: rigid

8. Theelasticcouplingisalsoknownas__________coupling.

YourAnswer: a
CorrectAnswer: static

9. Theinertiacouplingisalsoknownas__________coupling.

YourAnswer: a
CorrectAnswer: dynamic

10. Thedampingcouplingisalsoknownas__________coupling.

YourAnswer: a
CorrectAnswer: velocity

11. Theequationsofmotionofasystemwillbe__________whenprincipalcoordinates
areused.

YourAnswer: a
CorrectAnswer: uncoupled

12. TheRouthHurvitzcriterioncanbeusedtoinvestigatethe__________ofasystem.

YourAnswer: a
CorrectAnswer: stability

13. Theequationsofmotionofatwodegreeoffreedomsystemareuncoupledonly
whenthetwomassesarenot__________connected.

YourAnswer: a
CorrectAnswer: physically

14. Thevibrationofasystemunderinitialconditionsonlyiscalled__________
vibration.

YourAnswer: a
CorrectAnswer: free

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15. Thevibrationofasystemunderexternalforcesiscalled__________vibration.

YourAnswer: a
CorrectAnswer: forced

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1. Whenatwodegreeoffreedomsystemissubjectedtoaharmonicforce,thesystem
vibratesat:

YourAnswer: thesmallernaturalfrequency
CorrectAnswer: thefrequencyofappliedforce

2. Thenumberofdegreesoffreedomofavibratingsystemdependson:

YourAnswer: numberofcoordinatesusedtodescribethepositionofeachmass
CorrectAnswer: numberofmassesandthedegreesoffreedomofeachofthe
masses

3. Atwodegreeoffreedomsystemhas:

YourAnswer: manynormalmodes

4. Theequationsofmotionofatwodegreeoffreedomsystem,are,ingeneral:

YourAnswer: coupled

5. Mechanicalimpedance is:

YourAnswer:

6. Theimpedancematrix, canbeusedtofindthesolutionas:

YourAnswer:

7. Theconfigurationofasystemvibratingatoneofitsnaturalfrequenciesiscalled:

YourAnswer: naturalfrequency

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CorrectAnswer: naturalmode

8. Theequationsofmotionofatwodegreeoffreedomsystem,ingeneral,areinthe
formof:

YourAnswer: coupledalgebraicequations
CorrectAnswer: coupleddifferentialequations

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1. Matchthefollowing:

Option YourAnswer CorrectAnswer

1.1 Static A.themassanddamping C.onlystiffnessmatrixisnon

coupling matricesarenondiagonal diagonal

1.2 Inertial B.onlymassmatrixisnon B.onlymassmatrixisnon

coupling diagonal diagonal

1.3 Velocity C.onlystiffnessmatrixisnon D.onlythedampingmatrixis

coupling diagonal nondiagonal

1.4 Dynamic D.onlythedampingmatrixis A.themassanddamping

coupling nondiagonal matricesarenondiagonal

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1. Matchthefollowingfrequencyequationsforatwodegreeoffreedomsystemwiththe
equationsofmotion:

Option YourAnswer CorrectAnswer

1.1 A. E.

1.2 B. A.

1.3 C. B.

1.4 D. C.

1.5 E. D.

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1. Definetheflexibilityandstiffnessinfluencecoefficients.Whatistherelationbetweenthem?
YourAnswer:
a

Theflexibilityinfluencecoefficient, ,isdefinedasthedeflectionatpointiduetoaunitloadatpoint
j.

Thestiffnessinfluencecoefficient, ,isdefinedastheforceatpointiduetoaunitdisplacementat
pointjwhenallthepointsotherthanthepointjarefixed.If and denotetheflexibilityand
stiffnessmatrices,respectively,then and .

2. Writetheequationsofmotionofamultidegreeoffreedomsysteminmatrixformusing(1)the
flexibilitymatrixand(2)thestiffnessmatrix.
YourAnswer:
a

Equationsofmotion:

or

3. Expressthepotentialandkineticenergiesofanndegreeoffreedomsystem,usingmatrixnotation.
YourAnswer:
a

Elasticpotentialenergy(strainenergy):

Kineticenergy:

4. Whatisageneralizedmassmatrix?
YourAnswer:
a

Thegeneralizedmassmatrixwillhavenonzeronondiagonaltermsas:
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5. Whyisthemassmatrix[m]alwayspositivedefinite?
YourAnswer:
a

Themassmatrix isalwayspositivedefinitebecausethekineticenergy, ,cannot

benegativeorzerofornonzerovelocityvector .

6. Isthestiffnessmatrix[k]alwayspositivedefinite?Why?
YourAnswer:
a

No.Thestiffnessmatrix[k]ispositivedefiniteonlyifthesystemisconstrainedandstable.Fora
semidefinitesystem,thematrix[k]willbesingularandissaidtobejustpositive(notpositive
definite).

7. WhatisthedifferencebetweengeneralizedcoordinatesandCartesiancoordinates?
YourAnswer:
a

Thegeneralizedcoordinatesareasetofnindependentcoordinatesthatdescribethemotionofann
degreeoffreedomsystemuniquely.Theymaybelengths,anglesorothersetofnumbers.Onthe
otherhand,ifCartesiancoordinatesareusedtodescribeanndegreeoffreedomsystem,wemay
requiremorethanncoordinatesalongwithcertainconstraintstodescribethesystemuniquely.

8. StateLagrangesequations.
YourAnswer:
a

Lagrangesequations:

where =generalizedvelocity, =nonconservativegeneralizedcoordinate ,T=

kineticenergy,V=strainenergy,andt=time.

9. Whatisaneigenvalueproblem?
YourAnswer:

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Matrixeigenvalueproblem:
where istheeigenvalueand istheeigenvector.

10. Whatisamodeshape?Howisitcomputed?
YourAnswer:
a

Modeshapeissameastheeigenvector intheeigenvalueproblem, (E.1)The

eigenvector correspondingtotheeigenvalue canbecomputedbysubstituting inEq.

(E.1)andsolvingtheresultinglinearalgebraicequationstofind :

11. Howmanydistinctnaturalfrequenciescanexistforanndegreeoffreedomsystem?
YourAnswer:
a

ndistinctnaturalfrequencies.

12. Whatisadynamicalmatrix?Whatisitsuse?
YourAnswer:
a

Dynamicmatrix= .Itisusefulbecauseitleadstoaspecialeigenvalueproblem,
insteadofgeneraleigenvalueproblem,thatneedstobesolvedtofindtheeigenvaluesand
eigenvectorsofasystem:

13. Howisthefrequencyequationderivedforamultidegreeoffreedomsystem?
YourAnswer:
a

Frequencyequation:

or

where and .

14. Whatismeantbytheorthogonalityofnormalmodes?Whatareorthonormalmodalvectors?
YourAnswer:
a

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Orthogonalityofnormalmodes implies

for

and for
Orthogonalmodalvectorsimplies

and

15. Whatisabasisinndimensionalspace?
YourAnswer:
a

Anysetofnlinearlyindependentvectorsinanndimensionalspaceiscalledabasisinthatspace.

16. Whatistheexpansiontheorem?Whatisitsimportance?
YourAnswer:
a

Iftheeigenvectors areusedasthebasis,anyvector inthendimensional

spacecanbeexpressedasalinearcombinationof as (E.1)

wheretheconstantscicanbedeterminedas
(E.2)
Equations(E.1)and(E.2)denotetheexpansiontheorem.Theexpansiontheoremisveryusefulin
findingtheresponseofmultidegreeoffreedomsystemssubjecttoarbitraryforcingconditions
accordingtoaprocedureknownasmodalanalysis.

17. Explainthemodalanalysisproceduce.
YourAnswer:
a

Modalanalysisprocedure:
(i)Solvetheeigenvalueproblemandfindeigenvaluesandeigenvectorsofthesystem.
(ii)Expressthesolutionvectorintermsofnormalmodes(oreigenvectors)usingtheexpansion
theorem.Theconstantsusedareknownasgeneralizedcoordinates.
(iii)Uncoupletheequationsofmotionandsolvetheresultingsystemofnsecondorderordinary
differentialequations.
(iv)Applytheknowninitialconditionsandfindthegeneralizedcoordinates(orgeneralized
displacements).
(v)Usingtheknowngeneralizeddisplacements,findthephysicaldisplacementsofthesystem.

18. Whatisarigidbodymode?Howisitdetermined?
YourAnswer:
a

Arigidbodymodeisoneinwhichthesystemmovesasarigidbody(eitherintranslatoryorrotary
motion).

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Therigidbodymode, ,canbefoundbysolvingtheequations:

Thefrequencycorrespondingtotherigidbodymodewillbezero.

19. Whatisadegeneratesystem?
YourAnswer:
a

Adegeneratesystemisanunrestrainedsystemforwhichatleastoneeigenvalueiszero(
correspondingtoarigidbodymotionormode).

20. Howcanwefindtheresponseofamultidegreeoffreedomsystemusingthefisrtfewmodesonly?
YourAnswer:
a

Useonlyrmodes(r<n)inthemodalanalysissothatthedisplacementvectorofthendegreeof
freedomsystem, ,isexpressedas

21. DefineRayleighsdissipationfunction.
YourAnswer:
a

Rayleighsdissipationfunction(R)isdefinedas

where iscalledthedampingmatrix.

22. Definetheseterms:proportionaldamping,modaldampingratio,andmodalparticipationfactor.
YourAnswer:
a

Proportionaldamping:isoneinwhichthedampingmatrix isassumedtobealinearcombination
ofthemassandstiffnessmatricesas:

where and areconstants.

Modaldampingratio( ):isdefinedby

where isthe naturalfrequencyofthesystem.Modalparticipationfactor(

):isthe generalizedcoordinateusedintheexpansiontheorem:

23. Whendowegetcomplexeigenvalues?
YourAnswer:
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Whenthesystemisdamped,anddampingisnotproportionaldamping,thatis,when

24. WhatistheuseofRouthHurwitzcriterion?
YourAnswer:
a

RouthHurwitzcriterioncanbeusedtoinvestigatethestabilityofamultidegreeoffreedomsystem.

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Locationon Home>ReviewQuestions>Chapter6:
76%Correctof17items:
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13correct: 76%
Questions6.2
4incorrect: 24%
Date/Time March18,2017at9:08PM(UTC/GMT)
Submitted: Moreinformationaboutscoring

1. Foramultidegreeoffreedomsystem,oneequationofmotioncanbewrittenfor
eachdegreeoffreedom.

YourAnswer: True

2. Lagrangesequationcannotbeusedtoderivetheequationsofmotionofa
multidegreeoffreedomsystem.

YourAnswer: True
CorrectAnswer: False

3. Themass,stiffness,anddampingmatricesofamultidegreeoffreedomarealways
symmetric.

YourAnswer: True

4. Theproductofstiffnessandflexibilitymatricesofasystemisalwaysanidentity
matrix.

YourAnswer: True

5. Themodalanalysisofandegreeoffreedomsystemcanbeconductedusingrmodes
withr<n.

YourAnswer: True

6. Foradampedmultidegreeoffreedomsystem,alltheeigenvaluescanbecomplex.

YourAnswer: True

7. Themodaldampingratiodenotesdampinginaparticularnormalmode.

YourAnswer: True

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8. Amultidegreeoffreedomsystemcanhavesixofthenaturalfrequenciesequalto
zero.

YourAnswer: True

9. Thegeneralizedcoordinateswillalwayshavetheunitoflength.

YourAnswer: True
CorrectAnswer: False

10. Thegeneralizedcoordinatesareindependentoftheconditionsofconstraintofthe
system.

YourAnswer: True

11. Thegeneralizedmassmatrixofamultidegreeoffreedomsystemisalwaysdiagonal.

YourAnswer: True
CorrectAnswer: False

12. Thepotentialandkineticenergiesofamultidegreeoffreedomsystemarealways
quadraticfunctions.

YourAnswer: True

13. Themassmatrixofasystemisalwayssymmetricandpositivedefinite.

YourAnswer: True

14. Thestiffnessmatrixofasystemisalwayssymmetricandpositivedefinite.

YourAnswer: True
CorrectAnswer: False

15. Therigidbodymodeisalsocalledthezeromode.

YourAnswer: True

16. Anunrestrainedsystemisalsoknownasasemidefinitesystem.

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YourAnswer: True

17. Newtonssecondlawofmotioncanalwaysbeusedtoderivetheequationsofmotion
ofavibratingsystem.

YourAnswer: True

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0%Correctof22items:
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0correct: 0%
Questions6.3
22incorrect: 100%
Date/Time March18,2017at9:08PM(UTC/GMT)
Submitted: Moreinformationaboutscoring

1. Thespringconstantdenotesthe__________necessarytocauseaunitelongation.

YourAnswer: a
CorrectAnswer: force

2. Theflexibilityinfluencecoefficientaijdenotesthedeflectionatpoint__________.

YourAnswer: a
CorrectAnswer: i,j

3. Theforceatpointiduetoaunitdisplacementatpointj,whenallthepointsother
thanthepointjarefixed,isknownas__________influencecoefficient.

YourAnswer: a
CorrectAnswer: stiffness

4. Themodeshapesofamultidegreeoffreedomsystemare__________.

YourAnswer: a
CorrectAnswer: orthogonal

5. Theequationsofmotionofamultidegreeoffreedomsystemcanbeexpressedin
termsof__________coefficients.

YourAnswer: a
CorrectAnswer: influence

6. TheLagrangesequationsareexpressedintermsof__________coordinates.

YourAnswer: a
CorrectAnswer: generalized

7.
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ThevalueoftheKroneckerdelta( )is1fori=jand__________for .

YourAnswer: a
CorrectAnswer: 0

8. Thestiffnessmatrixofasemidefinitesystemis__________.

YourAnswer: a
CorrectAnswer: singular

9. Amultidegreeoffreedomsystemcanhaveatmost__________rigidbodymodes.

YourAnswer: a
CorrectAnswer: six

10. Whenthesolutionvectorisdenotedasalinearcombinationofthenormalmodesas

,thegeneralizedcoordinates arealsoknownasthe

__________participationcoefficients.

YourAnswer: a
CorrectAnswer: modal

11. Anysetofnlinearlyindependentvectorsinanndimensionalspaceiscalleda
__________.

YourAnswer: a
CorrectAnswer: basis

12. Therepresentationofanarbitraryndimensionalvectorasalinearcombinationofn
linearlyindependentvectorsisknownas__________theorem.

YourAnswer: a
CorrectAnswer: expansion

13. The__________analysisisbasedontheexpansiontheorem.

YourAnswer: a
CorrectAnswer: modal

14. Themodalanalysisbasically__________theequationsofmotion.

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YourAnswer: a
CorrectAnswer: uncoupled

15. Theeigenvaluesofanndegreeoffreedomsystemforma__________inthen
dimensionalspace.

YourAnswer: a
CorrectAnswer: basis

16. TheapplicationofLagrangesequationsrequirestheavailabilityof__________
expressions.

YourAnswer: a
CorrectAnswer: energy

17. Thedeterminantalequation, ,isknownasthe__________

equation.

YourAnswer: a
CorrectAnswer: characteristic

18. Thesymmetryofstiffnessandflexibilitymatricesisduetothe__________
reciprocitytheorem.

YourAnswer: a
CorrectAnswer: Maxwell's

19. Maxwellsreciprocitytheoremstatesthattheinfluencecoefficientsare__________.

YourAnswer: a
CorrectAnswer: symmetric

20. Thestiffnessmatrixispositivedefiniteonlyifthesystemis__________.

YourAnswer: a
CorrectAnswer: stable

21. Duringfreevibrationofanundampedsystem,allcoordinateswillhave__________
motion.

YourAnswer: a
CorrectAnswer: synchronous

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22. Inproportionaldamping,thedampingmatrixisassumedtobealinearcombination
ofthe__________matrices.

YourAnswer: a
CorrectAnswer: stiffness,mass

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Locationon Home>ReviewQuestions>Chapter6:
38%Correctof13items:
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Questions6.4
8incorrect: 62%
Date/Time March18,2017at9:08PM(UTC/GMT)
Submitted: Moreinformationaboutscoring

1. Thenumberofdistinctnaturalfrequenciesforanndegreeoffreedomsystemcan
be:

YourAnswer:
CorrectAnswer: n

2. Thedynamicalmatrix,[D],isgivenby:

YourAnswer:

CorrectAnswer:

3. Theorthognolityofmodesimplies:

YourAnswer:
and

4. Themodalmatrix,[X],isgivenby:

YourAnswer:

5. TheRayleighsdissipationfunctionisusedtogenerate:

YourAnswer: massmatrix
CorrectAnswer: dampingmatrix

6. Thecharacteristicequationofanndegreeoffreedomsystemis:

YourAnswer: apolynomialofdegreen

7. Thefundamentalnaturalfrequencyofasystemis:

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YourAnswer: smallestvalue

8. Negativedampingleadsto:

YourAnswer: instability

9. RouthHurwitzcriterioncanbeusedtoinvestigate:

YourAnswer: oscillationsofasystem
CorrectAnswer: stabilityofasystem

10. Thestiffnessandflexibilitymatricesarerelatedas:

YourAnswer:

CorrectAnswer:

11. Asystemforwhich[k]ispositiveand[m]ispositivedefiniteiscalleda:

YourAnswer: positivedefinitesystem
CorrectAnswer: semidefinitesystem

12. [m]orthogonalityofmodalvectorsimplies:

YourAnswer:

CorrectAnswer:

13. Themodalanalysiscanbeusedtofindtheresponseofamultidegreeoffreedom
system:

YourAnswer: involvingseveralmodes
CorrectAnswer: underarbitraryforcingconditions

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Locationon Home>ReviewQuestions>Chapter6:
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7incorrect: 88%
Date/Time March18,2017at9:09PM(UTC/GMT)
Submitted: 1totalquestioninquiz(with1questioncontaining
multiplepairs),foratotalof8scoreditems.More
informationaboutscoring

1. Matchthefollowing:

Option YourAnswer CorrectAnswer

1.1 A.equaltozerowhenmodes F.kineticenergyofthesystem

areorthogonal

1.2 B.strainenergyofthesystem B.strainenergyofthesystem

1.3
D.equaltozeroyieldsthe A.equaltozerowhenmodes
characteristicvalues areorthogonal

1.4
D.equaltozeroyieldsthe E.equaltoonewhenmodes
characteristicvalues areorthonormal

1.5 A.equaltozerowhenmodes C.equalto whenmodes

areorthogonal
arenormalized

1.6 D.equaltozeroyieldsthe G.equaltotheappliedforce

characteristicvalues vector

1.7 B.strainenergyofthesystem D.equaltozeroyieldsthe

characteristicvalues

1.8 G.equaltotheappliedforce H.equaltothedynamical

vector matrix[D]

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