Oracle 12c New Features Flex Cluster & Flex ASM - FINAL

Upcoming: Advisor Webcast: Oracle 12c RAC New Features : Oracle Flex ASM & Flex Cluster
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Oracle Advisor Webcast
Oracle 12c RAC New Features :
Flex ASM & Flex Cluster
Prasad Kulkarni
Senior Software Engineer
August 30, 2016

4
Safe Harbor Statement
The following is intended to outline our general product direction. It is intended for
information purposes only, and may not be incorporated into any contract. It is not a
commitment to deliver any material, code, or functionality, and should not be relied
upon in making purchasing decisions. The development, release, and timing of any
features or functionality described for Oracles products remains at the sole discretion of
Oracle.

5
Oracle Advisor Webcast
Oracle 12c RAC New Features :
Flex ASM & Flex Cluster
Prasad Kulkarni
Senior Software Engineer
August 30, 2016

6
Objectives
Introduction to Flex Cluster
Learn features & functionality of Flex Cluster
Understand migration to Flex Cluster
Introduction to Flex ASM
Learn features & functionality of Flex ASM
Understand migration to Flex ASM

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Agenda
1 Pre-12c Cluster Overview & Limitations

2 Flex Cluster - New Features & Functionality
3 Managing Flex Clusters
4 Pre-12c ASM Overview & Limitations
5 Flex ASM - New Features & Functionality
6 Managing Flex ASM

8
Flex Cluster Pre-12c Oracle GI Functionality & Restrictions
Typical n-node RAC setup
N-node RAC
1 2 3 n
DB service
Client
Application
Shared Storage

9
Flex Cluster Pre-12c GI Functionality & Restrictions
Software based clustering using Grid Infrastructure
All Cluster nodes contain Database and ASM instances
Homogenous Configuration
Shared Everything Model
Applications/users connect via nodes outside the
Cluster
Reflects Point-to-Point model

10
Flex Cluster Pre-12c GI Functionality & Restrictions
Requires lot of resources
Each node is connected to other For 16 Node RAC
via interconnect for node-node Heartbeat paths : 16(16-1)/2=120
heartbeat Storage paths : 16
Each node is connected to the
storage directly For 100 Node RAC
Possible resources required for Heartbeat paths : 100(100-
N node cluster 1)/2=4,950
N*(N-1)/2 Interconnect Paths for Storage paths : 100
Node Heartbeat
N Connection paths for storage

11
Flex Cluster Oracle GI 12c : New Features & Functionality

12
Flex Cluster Oracle GI 12c Topology Overview

13
Flex Cluster Oracle GI 12c Topology Overview
Follows Hub-Spoke topology
Two different categories of cluster nodes

Hub Nodes
Runs Database, ASM instances & VIPs

Leaf Nodes
Runs applications
Connects to a Hub node
Loosely coupled
Requires

Flex ASM
Required for Flex Cluster
Hub nodes connect to Flex ASM based storage

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Flex Cluster Introduction to HUB Nodes
Similar to nodes in an Oracle Clusterware Standard Cluster configuration
Tightly connected and have direct access to shared storage(OCR &
Voting Disks)
Runs database instances, ASM(Flex) instances and resources for the
applications
Maximum number of Hub nodes can be 64 in 12.1(HUBSIZE)
$ crsctl get cluster hubsize
CRS-4950: Current hubsize parameter value is 32
Mainly attend to and manage requests from LEAF Nodes connected to

them
Can run without any LEAF Nodes connected to them

15
Flex Cluster Introduction to LEAF Nodes
Contains only the application specific workload
Lightweight, Loosely coupled & works as Spoke
Does not contain - Database & ASM instances, and VIPs
Connects to a HUB Node to get access to the above Resources.
1 LEAF Node can connect to only 1 HUB Node at any given time
No Interconnect required among LEAF nodes, however it exists between
the HUB & its associated LEAF Nodes
LEAF Nodes(and also the Applications running on the LEAF Nodes) use
GNS to discover HUB Nodes during Clusterware Startup

16
Flex Cluster Few Salient Points about HUB-LEAF Model
LEAF Nodes share the same Public & Private Networks as HUB Nodes
When a HUB Node goes down,all the connected LEAF Nodes get evicted
The evicted LEAF Nodes can be added back to the Cluster again,by
starting the Clusterware Service,where they find a new HUB Node
Heartbeat Tolerable Limit(between HUB & LEAF Nodes) is defined by

the leafmisscount parameter(default value 30 seconds),beyond which
LEAF Node will be either reconnected to another HUB Node or get
evicted from the Cluster
$ crsctl get css leafmisscount
CRS-4678: Successful get leafmisscount 30 for Cluster Synchronization Services
Less Node Interaction & Contention for Clusterware Resources(OCR/VD)

17
Flex Cluster Few Salient Points about HUB-LEAF Model
Role Configuration Information stored locally(set at Install time)
At Startup,Node comes up in whatever Role it was last configured
If you upgrade an Oracle Flex Cluster, then Oracle recommends that you
upgrade the Hub Nodes first,and that you also have any upgraded Hub
Nodes up and running as part of the upgrade process
Network Heartbeat exists between HUB Node & it's LEAF Nodes and NOT
among the LEAF Nodes.
Services running on the failed LEAF Node,will be failed over to other Leaf
Nodes connected to the same HUB Node.Hence,No impact to the running
Services

18
Flex Cluster Conversion from Standard to Flex Cluster
Requirements & other important points
Grid Naming Service(GNS) is mandatory & requires a Static IP ( GNSVIP)
Flex ASM Mode should be enabled
Requires Cluster Downtime
Zone delegation is not required
Once converted to Flex Cluster, cannot revert to Standard Cluster

19
Determine current Cluster Mode
$ crsctl get cluster mode status
Check whether GNS is configured with a VIP & add if required(as root)
$ srvctl config gns
$ srvctl add gns -i ip_address -d domain
Start GNS
$ srvctl start gns
Enable ASM to run in Flex Mode using ASMCA.

20
Change Cluster Mode to Flex(as root on any Node)
$ crsctl set cluster mode flex
Stop & Start Cluster Services one node at a time(as root)

$ crsctl stop crs
$ crsctl start crs -wait

21
Flex Cluster Node Role Change ==> HUB to LEAF
Get current configured node role using below command :
$ crsctl get node role config
Run the following command as root to change the role of the local node
to LEAF:
$ crsctl set node role leaf
Stop CRS on Local Node as root

$ crsctl stop crs

22
Flex Cluster Node Role Change ==> HUB to LEAF
Update the Central Inventory on the Local Node
$ <Grid_home>/oui/bin/runInstaller -updateNodeList
ORACLE_HOME=<Grid_home> "CLUSTER_NODES={Leaf_Node_name}" -silent
-local CRS=TRUE
Update the Central Inventory on remaining HUB Nodes

ORACLE_HOME=<Grid_home>
"CLUSTER_NODES={comma_separated_Hub_Node_list}" -silent -local CRS=TRUE
Start CRS on Local Node as root


23
Flex Cluster Node Role Change ==> LEAF to HUB
Get current configured node role using below command :
$ crsctl get node role config
Following conditions have to be met before conversion of a Node from

LEAF to HUB :
Add a VIP to the Local Node(not required if Cluster is installed with DHCP-assigned
VIPs)
Install & Configure ASM Filter Driver(required only if ASM Filter Driver is in use).
$ $GRID_HOME/bin/asmcmd afd_state
$ $GRID_HOME/bin/asmcmd afd_configure
Access to Storage

24
Flex Cluster Node Role Change ==> LEAF to HUB
Run the following command as root to change the role of the local node
to HUB:
$ crsctl set node role hub
Stop CRS on Local Node as root :
$ crsctl stop crs
Update the Central Inventory on all the remaining HUB Nodes:
ORACLE_HOME=<Grid_HOME>"CLUSTER_NODES={comma_separated_Hub_
Node_list}" -silent -local CRS=TRUE
Start CRS on Local Node as root :

25
Flex Cluster Server Pools & their correlation with HUB-
LEAF Model
Facilitate Logical Division of Cluster where Nodes are grouped into pools
Resources(e.g., DB Service) are assigned to each pools
Policy-managed Interface with Resource Management based on priority
Server Pools are now available for HUB & LEAF Nodes
HUB & LEAF Nodes exist in different server pools with independent
Management
26
Demonstration

27
Flex ASM Pre-12c ASM Functionality & Restrictions

28
Flex ASM Pre-12c ASM Functionality & Restrictions
Observations & Limitations - Cluster
Server Server
1:1 Mapping between ASM
Instance & DB Instance(s) ASM ASM
Clients can access ASM only via
Local Node
If ASM Instance dies, the DB1 DB2 DB3 DB1 DB2 DB4
connected DB Instance(s)
Server Server
terminate
With increase in number of ASM ASM
nodes
ASM Overhead scales
Cluster Reconfiguration DB1 DB5 DB4 DB1 DB5 DB6
Events increase

29
Flex ASM Oracle RAC 12c with Oracle Flex ASM
Eliminates requirement of ASM Instance on every Cluster Node

Database Instance(s) can connect to any ASM Instance in the Cluster
Database Instance(s) survive loss of ASM Instance & immediately
reconnect to available ASM Instance
Administrators specify the cardinality of ASM Instances (default is 3)
30
Flex ASM Possible Configurations
A. Local ASM Clients(Standard
Mode)
In standard mode,DB Instances
connect to the ASM Clients
running on the same host/node.
Supported only on HUB Nodes
(Cardinality = Number of Nodes)
ASM Client has direct access to
ASM Disks
ASM Metadata moves between
ASM & DB Instances
Does not use Flex ASM Features

31
B. Flex ASM Clients (Pure 12c Flex Mode)

DB Clients running on HUB Nodes access ASM remotely for Metadata
and allowed direct I/O to Disks
DB Instances can be on different Nodes than ASM Instances
ASM metadata moves between ASM and DB Instance
Cardinality != Number of Nodes
DB Instance can access ASM locally or remotely via ASM Network

32
C. ACFS access through ASM
proxy instance
Oracle instance running on a
Hub node with a direct
ASM client
ACFS & ADVM are
supported with an an ASM
proxy Instance
INIT Parameter
INSTANCE_TYPE=ASMPROXY
for ASM Proxy Instances

33
D. Mixed Mode
Server Server
Flex ASM with Cardinality = ASM ASM
Number of Nodes
ASM Instance on all the Nodes DB DB DB DB DB DB
12c DB Instances allowed to

Server Server
connect to remote ASM
Mixed
Instances ASM ASM Pre
12c
Pre-12c DB Instances can DB DB DB DB DB DB
connect to local ASM Instance 12c
Only 12c DB Instances can Server Server
reconnect to a surviving ASM ASM ASM
Instance after Server Failure DB DB DB DB DB DB

34
Flex ASM Few Salient Points
Clusterware ensures Cardinality is maintained at all times
No Flex ASM-specific instance parameters are required
ASM server instances use automatic memory management (AMM)
Administration can be done using srvctl, asmca, crsctl & sqlplus
Flex Clusters require Flex ASM. However Flex ASM does not require a Flex
Cluster

35
Flex ASM Conversion from Standard ASM to Flex ASM
ASMCA using GUI

36
Flex ASM Conversion from Standard ASM to Flex ASM
ASMCA using silent
$ asmca -silent -convertToFlexASM -asmNetworks eth1/10.10.10.0
-asmListenerPort 1521
To complete conversion below command is mandatory for both

GUI and Silent
$ <ORACLE_BASE>/cfgtoollogs/asmca/scripts/converttoFlexASM.sh

37
Demonstration

38
Summary
What we covered today
Pre-12c Cluster & ASM Functionality
Flex Cluster & Flex ASM
Managing Flex Cluster & Flex ASM

39
Top Articles and Community Links
https://docs.oracle.com/database/121/CW
ADD/bigcluster.htm#CWADD92560
https://docs.oracle.com/database/121/CW
ADD/OSTMG/GUID-545C311D-24C6-421A-
ACBE-CA29E1FDA0A6.htm
www.oracle.com/technetwork/articles/dat
abase/flexasm-flexcluster-benefits-odb12c-
2177371.html
https://community.oracle.com/community
/support/oracle_database/storage_manage
ment_asm_acfs_dnfs_odm
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Backup Slides

59
Flex ASM ASM Network,ASM Filter Driver,ASM
ASM Network
Listener & ADVM Proxy
New type of network introduced in Flex ASM 12c
Used for communication between ASM & Clients (accessible on all
Nodes)
Can be configured on a separate network or on the Private
Interconnect Network
ASM Filter Driver
Currently,Linux-Only feature & available with Oracle DB 12.1.0.2
Kernel Module that resides in the I/O path of the Oracle ASM disks
Possible enhancement to ASMLIB(filters out all non-Oracle I/Os
which could cause accidental overwrites)
60
Flex ASM ASM Network,ASM Filter Driver,ASM
Listener & ADVM Proxy
ASM Listener
Set of ASM Listeners configured for every ASM Network in Flex ASM
Up to 3 ASM Listener Addresses are registered as
REMOTE_LISTENERS in each client DB Instance
Client connections get load balanced across all ASM Instances
ADVM Proxy
Special Oracle Instance that runs on the same node as ADVM & ACFS
Enables ADVM to connect to Flex ASM
Can be shutdown when ACFS is not running

61

Oracle 12c New Features Flex Cluster & Flex ASM - FINAL

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Upcoming: Advisor Webcast: Oracle 12c RAC New Features : Oracle Flex ASM & Flex Cluster

Copyright 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. |

Check out Note ID : 740966.1

Select your Product Area

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Register for the session of your interest

Option 1: Voice Streaming Audio Option 2: Teleconference (Dial In)

Copyright 2016 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. |

Copyright 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. |

Copyright 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. |

Copyright 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. |

Copyright 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. |

1 Pre-12c Cluster Overview & Limitations

Copyright 2016 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. |

Copyright 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. |

Copyright 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. |

Copyright 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. |

Copyright 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. |

Copyright 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. |

Hub nodes connect to Flex ASM based storage

Mainly attend to and manage requests from LEAF Nodes connected to

Copyright 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. |

Copyright 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. |

Heartbeat Tolerable Limit(between HUB & LEAF Nodes) is defined by

Less Node Interaction & Contention for Clusterware Resources(OCR/VD)

Role Configuration Information stored locally(set at Install time)

At Startup,Node comes up in whatever Role it was last configured

Copyright 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. |

Flex ASM Mode should be enabled

Requires Cluster Downtime

Zone delegation is not required

Once converted to Flex Cluster, cannot revert to Standard Cluster

Copyright 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. |

Enable ASM to run in Flex Mode using ASMCA.

Copyright 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. |

Stop & Start Cluster Services one node at a time(as root)

Copyright 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. |

Stop CRS on Local Node as root

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Update the Central Inventory on remaining HUB Nodes

Start CRS on Local Node as root

Copyright 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. |

Following conditions have to be met before conversion of a Node from

Copyright 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. |

Copyright 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. |

Resources(e.g., DB Service) are assigned to each pools

Policy-managed Interface with Resource Management based on priority

Copyright 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. |

Copyright 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. |

Copyright 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. |

Eliminates requirement of ASM Instance on every Cluster Node

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B. Flex ASM Clients (Pure 12c Flex Mode)

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Copyright 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. |

12c DB Instances allowed to

Pre-12c DB Instances can DB DB DB DB DB DB

connect to local ASM Instance 12c

Only 12c DB Instances can Server Server

reconnect to a surviving ASM ASM ASM

Instance after Server Failure DB DB DB DB DB DB

Copyright 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. |

Clusterware ensures Cardinality is maintained at all times