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INTRODUCTION
Bipolar disorder is a mood disorder that involves extreme mood swings from
episodes of mania to episodes of depression. It is formerly known as manic depressive
disorder. During the manic phase, clients are euphoric, grandiose, energetic, and
sleepless. They have poor judgement and rapid thoughts, actions and speech. During
depressed phases, mood, behavior and thoughts are the same as in the people
diagnosed with major depression.
Whereas a person with major depression slowly slides into depression that can last
for 6 months to 2 years, the person with bipolar disorder cycles between depression and
normal behavior (bipolar depressed) or mania and normal behavior (bipolar manic). A
person with bipolar mixed episodes alternates between major depressive and manic
episodes interspersed with periods of normal behavior. Each mood may last for weeks
or months before the pattern begins to descend or ascend once again.
Clients often do not understand how their illness affects others. They may stop
taking medications because they like the euphoria and feel burdened by the side
effects, blood tests, and physicians visits needed to maintain treatment. Bipolar I
disorder is treatable with a lifetime regimen of psychotropic drugs in combination with
psychotherapy.
As of January 2012, statistics have shown that US has the largest number of bipolar
cases reported all over the world in which about 2 million adults (roughly 1% of the adult
population) suffer from some form of bipolar disorder. According to several studies, a
significant proportion of the approximately 3.4 million children and adolescents with
depression in the United States may actually be experiencing the early onset of
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adolescent bipolar disorder, but have not yet experienced the manic phase of the
illness. In South Asia, out of 100,000 population 421 were diagnosed with Bipolar
Disorder. However, in the Philippines an extrapolated prevalence of 1,034,900 cases
has been reported from 2015 population.
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2. Objectives
General Objectives:
After the completion of the case study, the student-nurse will be able to
gain adequate knowledge, skills, and attitude in the care of BIPOLAR TYPE 1
patient.
2.1 Explain the nature and occurrence BIPOLAR TYPE 1 and its impact
to the Health Care Delivery System and in the community.
2.2 Define relevant terms:
2.2.1 Bipolar Disorder
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-it is the part of the nervous system, consisting of the
brain and the spinal cord that controls and coordinates most
of the fuctions of the body and mind.
2.2.6 brain
-the control center of the body
2.2.7 neurotransmitters
-are chemicals which transmit signals from a neuron
to a target cell across a synapse.
2.2.8 insomnia
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2.15 Craft a Health Teaching Plan on the nature of BIPOLAR TYPE 1, its
promotion and preventive measures and general care considerations.
2.16 Evaluate the effectiveness of nursing and medical management
based on manifested changes of clients condition.
2.17 Give recommendations of possible evidence-based practices to
improve the patients conditions and to prevent complication and disability.
2.18 Give the implication of the study to:
2.18.1 Nursing Research
2.18.2 Nursing Education
2.18.3 Nursing Practice
3. Nursing Assessment
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behaviour. Upon admission, he was diagnosed and was attended by Doctor
Adolfo with Bipolar Type 1 Disorder.
3.2 Nursing Health History
3.2.1 Present Health History
Two weeks prior to admission, patient was noted talk about school
topics with a loud voice and also noted to sing loudly in their home.
Patient was also noted to roam around their neighbourhood which
made patients sister decide to chain the patient in their home. Patient
was also noted to undress and throw his clothes to the people in their
home. Patient claims desire of using drug (shabu).
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Patient CBs uncle claimed that they had a heredo-familial
history diseases of Diabetes and Hypertension on CBs paternal side
and Hypertension and Bipolar Disorder on CBs maternal side and no
other heredo-familial diseases as claimed and noted. Her uncle stated
that CBs uncle and grandfathers brother was then both diagnosed
with Bipolar Disorder.
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Attention Normal Distracted Other
PERCEPTION
Hallucinations None Auditory Visual Other
Other None Derealization Depersonalization
THOUGHTS
Suicidality None Ideation Plan Intent Self-Harm
Homicidality v None Aggressive Intent Plan
Delusions None Grandiose Paranoid Religious Other
BEHAVIOR
Cooperative Guarded Hyperactive Agitated Paranoid
Stereotyped Aggressive Bizarre Withdrawn Other
INSIGHT Good Fair Poor
JUDGMENT Good Fair Poor
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