Lesson 2.

2 Material Properties Key Terms

Additive Process The process of creating an object by adding small
pieces or layers together to make a final product.
Ceramic Of or relating to the manufacture of any product (as
earthenware, porcelain, or brick) made essentially from
a nonmetallic mineral (as clay) by firing at a high
temperature.
Codes A systemized body of laws; a set of principles, as of
ethics.
Composite Solid material which is composed of two or more
substances having different physical characteristics and
in which each substance retains its identity while
contributing desirable properties to the whole;
especially, a structural material made of plastic within
which a fibrous material (as silicon carbide) is
embedded.
Decision Matrix A tool for systematically ranking alternatives according
to a set of criteria.
Finishing Machining a surface to size with a fine feed produced in
a lathe, milling machine, or grinder.
Forming A process that changes the size and shape of a material
by a combination of force and a shaped form.
Liability Anything for which a person is legally bound or
responsible.
Manufacturing To make into a product suitable for use; to make from
raw materials by hand or by machinery; to produce
according to an organized plan and with division of
labor.
Material The elements, constituents, or substances of which
something is composed or can be made; matter that
has qualities which give it individuality and by which it
may be categorized.
Mechanical Properties Those properties of a material that reveal the elastic
and inelastic reaction when force is applied, or that
involve the relationship between stress and strain; for
example, the modulus of elasticity, tensile strength, and
fatigue limit.
Metals Any of various opaque, fusible, ductile, and typically
lustrous substances that are good conductors of
electricity and heat.

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Principles of Engineering Lesson 2.2 Material Properties Key Terms Page 1
Physical Properties Properties other than mechanical properties that pertain
to the physics of a material and can usually be
measured without the application of force.

Polymers Any of numerous natural and synthetic compounds of

usually high molecular weight consisting of up to
millions of repeated linked units, each a relatively light
and simple molecule.
Product Life Cycle Stages a product goes through from concept and use to
eventual withdrawal from the marketplace.
Raw Material Crude or processed material that can be converted by
manufacture, processing, or combination into a new and
useful product; something with a potential for
improvement, development, or elaboration.
Recycling Returning to an original condition. The extraction and
recovery of valuable materials from scrap or other
discarded materials.
Subtractive Processes that remove material to change the size,
shape, or surface of a part. There are two groups of
separating processes: machining and shearing.
Synthetic Produced by the combining of parts or elements to form
a whole, rather than of natural origin; not real, artificial.

2012 Project Lead The Way, Inc.

Principles of Engineering Lesson 2.2 Material Properties Key Terms Page 2