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Laboratory Manual
EEE/INSTR F342
Power Electronics
Semester II 2016-2017
Team of Instructors
Femi R, Dr. Narayan Manjarekar, Dr. Gautam Bacher, Dr. Shashidhara Mecha Kotian,
Metilda Sagaya Mary N. J., Athokpam Bharatbushan Singh,
Prakash Lamani, Ishwar R Rathod
List of experiments
1. Preparatory Laboratory Experiment- Introduction to Isolated and high voltage
measurement: Uncontrolled bridge rectifier and controlled half bridge Rectifier
1. Thoroughly read the instruction set and come prepared to conduct the experiment.
2. Before starting the experiment:
(a) Come with m a n u a l w i t h the relevant e x p e r i m e n t .
(b) Note down the safe operating limits of the converter. Never exceed the ratings specified.
(c) Write down the instruments and accessories that you need to conduct the
experiment (along with their ranges, rating etc.).
3. Connect the wires, multimeters, scope etc. as per the circuit diagram. Get the circuit connections
verified by the instructor.
4. Start/switch-on the set (instructions are given in the instruction set).
5. Carry out the experiment as per the steps given in instruction set. Record the readings/ note the
waveforms.
6. All computations are to be carried out in the laboratory itself. Attach g r a p h s h e e t a n d a ny
additional sheet you need.
7. You are required to submit the completed lab report of the experiment of the previous turn when you
enter the laboratory.
1. Individual measurements has to be done in isolation in Power electronic systems as the reference
(ground ) for most of the measurements will be at different potentials. Make sure that the
oscilloscope that is used for the measurement has isolated channels for measurement. If not,
please use the Power isolation section provided in the kit. Failure to use proper isolation may lead
to damage to the equipment and also may result in injury
to the user(s).
2. Take the appropriate probe rating/ attenuation to make sure that you operate safely and obtain
accurate results. For higher voltages (greater than 100V), it is suggested to use a probe/ isolation
section of 100x. For grid voltage levels, 100x must be used.
3. Always make sure that you switch OFF the power supply for making any change in connection
or even for changing a measurement point. If not, you may open circuit an inductor or short
circuit a capacitor inadvertently which may lead to serious damage of equipments and may
result in injuries to the user(s).
4. Take note of the attenuation factor in case of probes used and/or if you are using power isolation
section, (e.g:- 1x, 10x , 100x, 10mV/A) to get the scaling factor of the measured value. This
information may be used as setting for the Digital storage oscilloscope to make sure that the
measurement displayed is scaled appropriately. In case you are not using the setup option in DSO,
take care of the scaling in your calculations.
5. If sensing resistances are used for measuring currents, please use the appropriate scaling factor to
get the reading. For example, if Rsense=0.1, then the scaling factor is 100mV/ A or
10A/V.
Name ID No.
OBJECTIVES
a. To Study the isolated high voltage measurement and current measurement using CRO/DSO and
multimeter for a single phase uncontrolled bridge rectifier.
c. To study the measurement of firing angle and functioning of a single phase half wave controlled
(single thyristor switch) rectifier.
EQUIPMENTS NEEDED
PRECAUTIONS:
Make sure that for all the measurements above 50V, power isolation section (Powerscope) provided on the set-
up is to be used. Attenuation for the power isolation unit should be kept at 100x for voltages higher than 100V.
Make sure that Ammeters are connected in series with and Voltmeters are connected parallel across the load
respectively.
Make sure use appropriate range in case of voltmeter/ammeter are within the proper range. Verify the type
(AC/DC) before connection.
Clamp-on Current probe is to be directly connected to CRO.
Model Waveforms
II. PROCEDURE FOR STUDYING THE ISOLATED MEASUREMENT AND RAMP FIRING SCHEME FOR SINGLE
PHASE RECTIFIERS:
Make sure that there is no connection on the Work Bench initially.
1. Switch on the three phase MCB of back panel. Red, Yellow and Blue indicator glow at front panel.
2. Connect +12V, +5V and ground (GND) and connect 18-0-18 at ramp comparator firing circuit from single
phase low voltage power supply.
3. Switch on the oscilloscope. Connect BNC to Test Probe cable at CH1 and CH2 of oscilloscope.
4. Observe the output of the zero crossing detector 1 with respect to ground in CH1 and the output of zero
crossing detector 2 with respect to ground n CH2. Note that, the signals may be connected without isolation.
Observe the phase shift between the two signals.
5. Observe the output of ramp generator at point 3 with respect to in CH1.
6. Observe the reference voltage at point Vref with respect to ground. Vary the firing angle control
potentiometer and observe the variation in Vref.
7. Observe the output of ramp comparator and pulse generator at point 4 with respect to ground in CH1 and
output at point to with reference to ground at point 5 in CH2. Vary the firing angle control potentiometer and
observe the pulse width variation in pulse 1.
8. Connect patch cord point 4 to point 6 and connect patch cord point 5 to point 7.
1. Switch on the three phase MCB of back panel. Red, Yellow and Blue indicator glow at front panel.
2. Connect +12V, +5V and ground (GND) and connect 18-0-18 at ramp comparator firing circuit from
single phase low voltage power supply.
3. Use SCR1 from SCR Assembly and to construct single phase half wave controlled rectifier
configuration.
4. Connect Line Terminal (L) from single phase supply to anode of SCR1.
5. Connect the one terminal of load from Load Assembly to cathode terminal of SCR1 and other
terminal of load is connect to neutral terminal from single phase supply.
6. Connect gate pulse G1 at gate (G) of SCR1 and connect K1 at cathode of SCR1 from ramp
comparator firing circuit.
7. Verify the connections before switch on the MCB of single phase supply.
8. Connect BNC to BNC cable at CH1 of oscilloscope to output of Power Scope A.
9. Switch ATT of A is at x 100 position and switch of coupling of A should be at DC position.
10. Connect input of Power Scope A to the load.
11. Connect the Lamp at the Load.
MODEL WAVEFORM
GRAPHS
1. Draw the graphs of Line Voltage (VS), Output Voltage (Vo), Supply Current (IS), Diode
voltage (VD1) and Diode Current (ID1) for Single Phase Bridge Uncontrolled Rectifier.
2. Draw the graphs of Line Voltage (VS), Output Voltage (Vo), Supply Current (IS), Diode
voltage (VD1) and Diode Current (ID1) for Single Phase half wave controlled rectifier.
Name ID No.
OBJECTIVES
a. To Study the PWM generation Circuit for step down converter.
b. Study the performance of the down converter for various loads with (i) MOSFET (ii) IGBT and
(ii) Thyristor as the switch.
EQUIPMENTS NEEDED
1. Oscilloscope
2. Digital Multimeter
3. BNC to Test Probe
4. ST2724 Step Down Chopper and power supply.
5. Patch Cords & Operating manual
CONNECTION DIAGRAM:
R- Load
Measured Measured
Theoretical Measured
S. Frequency PWM Output voltage across
Device Output voltage across
No. (Hz) (%) Voltage the device
Voltage (V) the diode (V)
(V) (V)
Motor Load
Measured Measured
Theoretical Measured
S. Frequency PWM Output voltage across
Device Output voltage across
No. (Hz) (%) Voltage the device
Voltage (V) the diode (V)
(V) (V)
1 MOSFET 4kHz 40%
2. Draw the graphs of PWM output, output voltage and diode voltage at switching frequency 4 k Hz
for duty ratios 0.8 for RL load with filter inductor when MOSFET is used as a switch.
3. Draw the graphs of PWM output, output voltage and diode voltage at switching frequency 500Hz
for duty ratios 0.4 for motor load with filter inductor when MOSFET is used as a switch.
4. Draw the graphs of PWM output, output voltage and diode voltage at switching frequency 4 k Hz
for duty ratios 0.8 for motor load with filter inductor when MOSFET is used as a switch.
Variation : 0-90%
Inductor : 68 mH
R load : 1k
Interconnections : 2 mm sockets
OBJECTIVES
a. To Study the PWM generation Circuit for Boost converter.
b. Study the performance of the Boost converter for different values of L,C and load
EQUIPMENTS NEEDED
1. Oscilloscope
2. Digital Multimeter
3. BNC to Test Probe
4. Techbook Scientech 2727 and power supply.
5. Patch Cords & Operating manual
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
1 L1 C1 20%
2 L1 C1 33%
3 L1+L2 C1 20%
4 L1+L2 C1 33%
GRAPHS
1. Draw the graphs of PWM output, inductor current, diode current, capacitor current and voltage
across the switch for duty ratio of 0.33 for the values of L1+L2 and C1 for Boost converter.
2. Draw the graphs of PWM output, inductor current, diode current, capacitor current and voltage
across the switch for duty ratio of 0.2 for the values of L1+L2 and C1 for Boost converter.
15V@1A
Diode : UF4007
Rsense : 0.1
L1 L2 L3 C1 C2 C3 RL1 RL2
1.5mH 404uH User 1000uF/63V 470uF/63V 220uF/63V 75/ 25W 75/ 25W
Please use external load for observing output power more than 15W. The maximum output power should not
exceed 20W.
Name ID No.
OBJECTIVES
a. To Study the PWM generation Circuit for forward converter.
b. Study the performance of the forward converter for various loads.
EQUIPMENTS NEEDED
1. Oscilloscope
2. Digital Multimeter
3. BNC to Test Probe
4. Scientech 2730 forward converter and power supply.
5. Patch Cords & Operating manual.
16. Connect the output LC filter and observe the change in output voltage average value (using
DMM) and the ripple voltage (on DSO).
17. Disconnect all the connections from the board.
EEE/INSRT F342 Power Electronics Page 23
OBSERVATION TABLE 4.2
Load = R1//R2
Measured Measured
Inductor Theoretical Measured
S. Capacitor PWM Output voltage across
value Output voltage across
No. (F) (%) Voltage the switch
(H) Voltage (V) the diode (V)
(V) (V)
1 L1+L2 C1 20%
2 L1+L2 C1 40%
3 L1 C1 20%
4 L1 C1 40%
GRAPHS
1. Draw the graphs of PWM output, inductor current, switch current, capacitor current and voltage
across the switch for duty ratio of 0.2 with L1 ,C1 and load for Forward converter and switching
frequency 90kHz.
2. Draw the graphs of PWM output, inductor current, switch current, capacitor current and voltage
across the switch for duty ratio of 0.4 with L1+L2 ,C1 and load for Forward converter and switching
frequency 90kHz.
15V@1A
Isolation 3 winding transformer: 6:10:6 ((NP:NS:NT) ,NT Reset winding (terLary winding) Power
Diode : F4007
: 0.1
L1 L2 C1 C2 RL1 RL2
91uH 174uH 1000uF/63V 470uF/63V 75E /25W 75E /25W
Please use external load for observing output power more than 15W. The maximum output power should not
exceed 20W.
Name ID No.
OBJECTIVES
a. To study the performance of the Single Phase Semi Converter with Ramp Comparator with (i) Lamp
Load and (ii) Motor Load.
b. To study the performance of the Single Phase Bridge Controlled Rectifier with Ramp, Cosine
Comparator, with Lamp Load.
EQUIPMENTS NEEDED
1. ST2700 High Voltage Power Electronics Lab set up
2. 2mm Patch Cord
3. 4mm Patch Cords
4. Oscilloscope
5. Voltage probes and clamp-on current probes (Tektronix A621)
6. Multimeter
PRECAUTIONS:
Sequences of the switching are to be followed. Make sure that for all the measurements above 50V, power
isolation section (Powerscope) provided on the set-up is to be used. Attenuation for the power isolation unit
should be kept at 100x for voltages higher than 100V. Make sure that Ammeters are connected in series with
and Voltmeters are connected parallel across the load respectively. Make sure use appropriate range in case of
voltmeter/ammeter are within the proper range. Verify the type (AC/DC) before connection.
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
1 60o
Lamp Load
2 90o
3 120o
Motor Load
4 90o
PROCEDURE FOR STUDYING THE PERFORMANCE OF THE SINGLE PHASE CONTROLLED RECTIFIER.
Make sure that there is no connection on the board initially.
1. Make Connections according to Figure 4.2.
2. Connect +12V, +5V and ground (GND) and connect 18-0-18 at ramp comparator firing circuit from single
phase low voltage power supply.
3. Connect gate pulse G1 at gate (G) of SCR1 and connect K1 at cathode of SCR1 from ramp comparator firing
circuit. Connect gate pulse G2 at gate (G) of SCR2 and connect K2 at cathode of SCR2 from ramp comparator
firing circuit.
4. Connect gate pulse G3 at gate (G) of SCR3 and connect K3 at cathode of SCR2 from ramp comparator firing
circuit. Connect gate pulse G4 at gate (G) of SCR4 and connect K4 at cathode of SCR4 from ramp comparator
firing circuit.
5. Connect BNC to BNC cable at CH1 of oscilloscope to output of Power Scope A.
2 60o
Lamp
Load
3 90o
GRAPHS
(a) Draw graphs of line voltage (VAN), Output Voltage (Vo), Output Current (Io), and Switch Voltage
(VT1) with respect to time for semiconverter with Lamp load at 600.
(b) Draw graphs of line voltage (VAN), Output Voltage (Vo), Output Current (Io), and Switch Voltage
(VT1) with respect to time for semiconverter with motor load at 900.
(c) Draw graphs of line voltage (VAN), Output Voltage (Vo), Output Current (Io), and Switch Voltage
(VT1) with respect to time for full bridge rectifier with lamp load at 600.
(d) Draw graphs of line voltage (VAN), Output Voltage (Vo), Output Current (Io), and Switch Voltage
(VT1) with respect to time for full bridge rectifier with motor load at 900.
OBJECTIVES
a. To study of Three Phase Firing Circuit.
b. To Study Three Phase Semi Converter with Lamp Load/heater load.
EQUIPMENTS NEEDED
1. ST2700 High Voltage Power Electronics Lab
2. 2mm Patch Cords, 4mm Patch Cords
3. Oscilloscope
4. Voltage probes and clamp-on current probes ((Tektronix A621)
5. Multimeter
6. Heater load and lamp loads(4 lamps).
PRECAUTIONS:
Sequential order of switching is to be followed.
Make sure that Analog Ammeter and Voltmeter are connected in series and parallel across load respectively.
Always turn on the High voltage three phase MCB before turning on the low voltage 3 phase MCB. That is, do
not apply gate signals, before the power circuit is energized. Follow the reverse order while switching off.
CONNECTION DIAGRAM:
(Caution: Ensure that proper sequence of firing pulses are maintained for the switches. If not, it may
lead to erroneous operation and may damage the system.)
PROCEDURE FOR STUDYING THE THREE PHASE SEMI CONVERTER.
Make sure that there is no connection on the board initially.
1. Connect the R phase, Y phase, B phase and neutral (N) on three phase firing circuit from three phase
low voltage power supply.
2. Connect +12V and ground (GND) on three phase firing circuit from single phase low voltage power
supply.
3. Make the power circuit connections according to Figure 5.1.
4. Connect the one terminal of load from load assembly to common cathode terminal of three phase
semi converter and other terminal of load is connect to common anode terminal of three phase semi
converter. Connect the 4 lamps and heater load in series as the load to the converter.
11. Switch on MCB of Three Phase Supply and three phase low voltage power supply (respectively) and
observe the waveforms on the oscilloscope. Switch off the MCBs in the reverse order. (Low voltage 3
phase MCB first, Three phase high voltage MCB second and 1 phase MCB third.)
12. Keeping VRY in Power Scope A (and CH1) as time reference, connect Power scope B (and CH2) across VT1
and note the waveform. Repeat the procedure and note down Vo, VD1, IT1, and IIN using CH2 with VRY
as the time reference.
13. Switch off all the MCBs. Disconnect G1-K1, G3-K3 and G5-K5 from the power circuit. Now repeat
steps 5-12 with = 60o and 90o.
(a) Draw the graphs of Phase Voltage (VRN), Line Voltage (VRY) waveforms and gate pulses VG1K1, VG3K3 , VG5K5
for =60o.
(b) Draw the graphs of Phase Voltage (VRN), Line Voltage (VRY) Output Voltage (Vo), and Thyristor Voltage
(VT1) , and IIN with respect to time for = 90o.
OBJECTIVES
a. To study single phase full wave ac voltage controller with (a) lamp load. (b) motor load.
b. To Study single phase cycloconverter with (a) lamp load (b) motor load.
EQUIPMENTS NEEDED
1. ST2700 High Voltage Power Electronics Lab
2. 2mm Patch Cord, 4mm Patch Cords
4. Oscilloscope
5. Voltage probes and clamp-on current probes ((Tektronix A621)
6. Multimeter
PRECAUTIONS:
Make sure that Analog Ammeter and Voltmeter are connected in series and parallel across load
respectively.
CONNECTION DIAGRAM:
Motor
3 90o
Load
fs=3f0
GRAPHS
(a) Draw the graphs the waveforms of Input voltage, input current, voltage across SCR1, and output voltage
at the load for various firing angles for single phase full wave ac controller with lamp load at 60 0.
(b) Draw the graphs the waveforms of Input voltage, input current, voltage across SCR1, and output voltage
at the load for various firing angles for single phase full wave ac controller with lamp load at 900.
(c) Draw the graphs of the waveforms of Input voltage, input current, voltage across SCR1, and output voltage
at the load for various firing angles for single phase cycloconverter with lamp load at 600.
(d) Draw the graphs of the waveforms of Input voltage, input current, voltage across SCR1, and output voltage
at the load for various firing angles for single phase cycloconverter with lamp load at 900.