Chapter

13
The Renaissance
 THINK-PAIR-SHARE
If you had a lot of money how would you spend it?

Si tenas mucho dinero, cmo lo gastaras?

 Leonardo da Vinci
Last Supper Mona Lisa
 Leonardo da Vinci
Weapon sketches Anatomy sketches
 Michelangelo
Pieta Sis?ne Chapel
 Raphael
School of Athens Wedding of the Virgin
 The Expansion of Trade
As wars decreased, long-distance trade between Europe
and Asia increased.

The Silk Roads were an ancient trade route that connected

Europe with China and the rest of East Asia.

AJer the fall of the Roman Empire and end of the Tang
Dynasty travel on the Silk Road was dangerous, and few
traveled the 5,000-mile route.

During the 1200s, the rise of the Mongol Empire brought

security, and trade increased on the Silk Roads.

In 1271, an Italian merchant named Marco Polo traveled

on the Silk Roads for 24 years.

Polo returned to Italy with tales of great riches from Asia,

which encouraged European merchants to increase trade
with Asia.
WATCH Venice Expedia
 New Ways of Thinking
During the Middle Ages, educaVon declined because of wars
and disease.

Humanism stresses the study of such classical subjects as
history, grammar, literature, and philosophy.

Humanism helped people to experiment, explore, and create.

Renaissance was creaVvity, learning, and discovery that began

in Italy and spread throughout Europe. During the
Renaissance, people again studied classical ideas of ancient
Greece and Rome.

The term Renaissance means rebirth It refers to the rebirth
of classical art and learning.

During the Renaissance, Florence was one of the largest and

most important ciVes in Europe with a populaVon of around
120,000.

WATCH Florence (Firenze) Expedia (2:05)

 The Renaissance Begins in Italy
The Renaissance lasted from 1300 to 1600.

The Renaissance began in Italy for several reasons

1) Italy was the center of the Roman Empire.
2) ArVsts and writers were closer to the classical period
(Ancient Greek and Ancient Rome).
3) Many of the trades routes went through northern
Italy (Florence, Milan, and Venice).
4) Wealthy merchants and bankers supported the arts.

The Medici family ruled Florence during the

Renaissance.

The Medici and other wealthy families became

patrons of the arts.

WATCH Medici Masters of Florence Trailer (0.55-3:52)

 Advances in the Arts
During the Middle Ages art and literature dealt with religion, but
Renaissance arVsts portrayed humans in realisVc ways.

ArVsts during the Renaissance used a new technique known as
perspec?ve to produce three dimensional (3-D) painVngs.

Leonardo da Vinci
Born 1452 in the village of Vinci, near Florence
Studied painVng, astronomy, geometry, and anatomy
Painted the Last Supper and Mona Lisa

Michelangelo
Born 1475 in the Italian village of Caprese
Worked as a sculptor and painter
Famous sculptures are Moses and David

Raphael
Born 1483 in Urbino, Italy, and moved to Florence as a young man
Famous painVngs include School of Athens and Wedding of the
Virgin

WATCH Mini Bio Leonardo da Vinci AND Da Vinci Code Trailer

(0:34-1:46)
 Other Inuen?al People of the Renaissance
Filippo Brunelleschi designed and built large domes for churches,
including the famous Duomo in Florence.

Dante Alighieri (ah-le-gah-ri) wrote many poems and noncVon books

including The Divine Comedy, about life aJer death.

During the 1200s and 1300s, many scholars wrote in LaVn, but during
the Renaissance (1300-1600) Dante and others wrote vernacular, the
naVve language of Italian, Spanish, or English.

Vigoria Colonna was an Italian writer, and she exchanged legers and
sonnets with Michelangelo.

Spanish writer Miguel de Cervantes wrote the novel Don Quixote
about a landowner who imagines he is a knight and goes on many
adventures.
READ Don Quixote R53-R54
WATCH Don Quixote BedVme Story (4:00-6:23)

In 1513, Niccolo Machiavelli published The Prince about how to gain
and hold poliVcal power.
DISCUSS Is it beger to be feared or loved? Why?
READ The Prince R52
WATCH Bronx Tale Feared or Loved scene
 The Renaissance Moves North
During the 1400s, Renaissance ideas began to spread north from
Italy to countries such as France, Germany, Spain, and England.

When the Hundred Years War ended in 1453 trade expanded

and ciVes grew rapidly in northern Europe.

During the Renaissance, Italy was not a unied country, but a
collecVon of powerful and independent ciVes.

In the late 1400s, when a war broke out between the kingdoms in
Italy many Italian arVsts ed to the safety of northern Europe to
start the Northern Renaissance.

The Italian Renaissance and Northern Renaissance were dierent
because the northern European scholars did not study the
classics as much as Italian scholars.

During the mid-1400s, a German named Johann Gutenberg used

moveable type to invent a prin?ng press.

DISCUSS Photo of Night Watcher painVng at the Rijksmuseum in

Amsterdam, Netherlands
WATCH Rick Steves Bruges, Belgium
 Northern Ar?sts and Writers
Albrecht Durer created many woodcuts. Woodcuts is a
painted image produced from a wood carving.

Jan Van Eyck and Pieter Bruegel the Elder were two great
Flemish painters.

The term Flemish describes people from a region of

northwest Europe called Flanders (now Belgium).

From 1558 to 1603, Queen Elizabeth I ruled England, and the
period is known as the Elizabethan Age.

The most famous writer of the Northern Renaissance was

William Shakespeare.
Shakespeare was born in 1564 in Stranord, England.
During the 1580s, moved to London to pursue a career in
theater.
Best known works include A Midsummer Nights Dream,
Romeo and Juliet, and Hamlet.

WATCH Trailer for Romeo and Juliet