Chap 013

Chapter 13 Application Architecture and Modeling
True/False Questions
1. Application architecture is a specification of the technologies to be used to implement

information systems.
Answer: True Page: 476 LOD: Easy
2. The logical data flow diagrams specify the technologies to be used to implement
information systems.
Answer: False Page: 476 LOD: Medium

Rationale: this is an application architecture
3. A physical data flow diagram can be used to communicate the technical

implementation characteristics of an information system.
4. A physical process is either a processor, such as a computer or person, or the technical

implementation of specific work to be performed, such as a computer program or
manual process.
Answer: True Page: 477-478 LOD: Easy
5. A logical process is either a processor, such as a computer or person, or the technical

implementation of specific work to be performed, such as a computer program or
manual process.
Answer: False Page: 477-478 LOD: Easy

Rationale: This is a physical process, not logical process.
6. Each logical process must be implemented as one or more physical processes. Some
logical processes must be split into multiple physical processes for a variety of
reasons.
7. A reason that a logical process might be split into multiple physical processes is
because part of the process is performed by people, and part is to be performed by the
computer.
Whitten/Bentley, Systems Analysis & Design Methods, Seventh Edition 5

because of the use of multiple different technologies in the same information system.
9. A reason that a logical process might be split into multiple physical processes is to add
processes that are necessary to handle exceptions or to implement security
requirements and audit trails.
10. A reason that a physical process might be split into multiple logical processes is to add
additional data requirements.

Rationale: Physical processes aren't split into logical processes; it's the other way
around--logical split into physical processes.
11. A reason that a physical process might be split into multiple logical processes is to
make the system more understandable to the system owners.

Rationale: Physical processes aren't split into logical processes; it's the other way
around--logical split into physical processes.
12. The physical processes must meet all the logical process requirements.
13. A physical data flow represents any of the following: (1) the planned implementation
of an input to or output from a physical process; (2) a database command or actions
such as create, read, update, or delete; (3) the import of data from or the export of data
to another information system across a network; or (4) the flow of data between two
modules or subroutines within the same program.
6 Whitten/Bentley, Systems Analysis & Design Methods, Seventh Edition

14. A physical data store represents any of the following: (1) the planned implementation
of an input to or output from a physical process; (2) a database command or actions
such as create, read, update, or delete; (3) the import of data from or the export of data
to another information system across a network; or (4) the flow of data between two
modules or subroutines within the same program.

Rationale: This describes a physical data flow.
15. A physical data store represents the implementation of one of the following: (1) a
database; (2) a table in a database; (3) a computer file; (4) a tape or media backup of
anything important; (5) any temporary file or batch as needed by a program; or (6) any
type of non-computerized file.
16. A distributed system is one in which the components of an information system are
distributed across multiple locations and computer networks.
17. A centralized system is one in which the components of an information system are
located on multiple locations and computer networks.
Answer: False Page: 484 LOD: Easy

Rationale: This describes a distributed system.
18. In distributed systems, a central multiuser computer hosts all components.

Rationale: This describes centralized systems.
19. Another name for Internet-based computing is network computing.
Answer: True Page: 491 LOD: Medium
20. There are five types of distributed systems architecture: file server computing;
client/server computing; internet-based computing; mainframe computing; and legacy
computing.

Rationale: There are only three: file server computing; client/server computing; and
Internet-based computing.

21. A local area network (LAN) is a set of client computers connected to one or more
servers through either cable or wireless connections over a relatively short distance.
22. A wide area network (WAN) is a set of client computers connected to one or more
servers through either cable or wireless connections over a relatively short distance.

Rationale: This describes a local area network (LAN).
23. A file server system is a LAN-based solution in which a server computer hosts only
the data layer. All other layers of the information system applications are implemented
on the client PC.
Answer: True Page: 485-486 LOD: Easy
24. File server architectures are practical for large database applications to be shared by a
relatively large number of users.

Rationale: File server architectures are practical only for small database applications to
be shared by relatively few users.
25. In file server architectures, if the application wants to examine only one record in the
database, the entire file or table of records must be first downloaded to the client PC
where the data manipulation logic will be executed to read the desired record.
26. Microsoft Access uses a file server architecture.
27. With file server architectures, the client PC must be fat.
28. A client/server system is a solution in which the presentation, presentation logic,

application logic, data manipulation and data layers are distributed between client PCs
and one or more servers.

29. A thin client is a personal computer that does not have to be very powerful (or
expensive) in terms of processor speed and memory because it only presents the
interface (screens) to the user.
30. A fat client is a personal computer, notebook computer or workstation that is typically
more powerful (and expensive. in terms of processor speed, memory, and storage
capacity.
31. Almost all PCs can act as fat clients.
Answer: True Page: 487s LOD: Medium
32. A file server hosts one or more shared databases (like a database server) but also
executes all database commands and services from files for information servers
(unlike a database server).

Rationale: A database server hosts one or more shared databases (like a file server) but
also executes all database commands and services for information systems (unlike a
file server).
33. A server in the client/server model must be more powerful and capable than a server in
the file server model.
34. A server in the file server model must be more powerful and capable than a server in
the client/server model.

Rationale: A server in the client/server model must be more powerful and capable than
a server in the file server model.
35. Most database servers host an SQL database engine such as Oracle, Microsoft SQL
Server, or IBM DB2 Universal Database.

36. A transaction server hosts services that ultimately ensure that all database updates for a
single business transaction succeed or fail as a whole.
37. An application server hosts application logic and services for an information system. It
must communicate on the front end with the clients (for presentation) and on the back
end with database servers for data access and update.
38. A messaging server hosts services for e-mail, calendaring, and other work group
functionality.
39. A web server hosts Internet or intranet web sites. It communicates with fat and thin
clients by returning documents and data to them.
40. A web server hosts services for e-mail, calendaring, and other work group
functionality.

Rationale: This is a messaging server.
41. A distributed presentation client/server system is a solution in which the application

logic, data manipulation and data layers are shifted from the legacy system to reside
on the client. The presentation and presentation logic layers remain on the server
(usually a mainframe.

Rationale: A distributed presentation client/server system is a solution in which the
presentation and presentation logic layers are shifted from the server of a legacy
system to reside on the client. The application logic, data manipulation and data layers
remain on the server (usually a mainframe.
42. A distributed data client/server system is a solution in which the data and data
manipulation layers are placed on the server(s), and the application logic, presentation
logic, and presentation layers are placed on the clients.

43. It is important to understand the difference between file server systems and distributed
data client/server systems. Both store their actual databases on a server. But only
client/server systems execute all data manipulation commands to create, read, update
and delete records on a server.
44. It is important to understand the difference between file server systems and distributed
data client/server systems. Both store their actual databases on a server. But only file
server systems execute all data manipulation commands to create, read, update and
delete records on a server.

Rationale: It is important to understand the difference between file server systems and
distributed data client/server systems. Both store their actual databases on a server. But
only client/server systems execute all data manipulation commands to create, read,
update and delete records on a server.
45. A distributed data and application client/server system is a solution in which: (1) the
data and data manipulation layers are placed on their own server(s); (2) the application
logic is placed on its own server; and (3) only the presentation logic and presentation
layers are placed on the clients.
46. The benefit of the distributed data and application client/server system is that by
moving the application logic to its own server, that logic need only be maintained on
the server instead of all of the clients.
47. A distributed data client/server system is also called two-tiered client/server

computing.
48. In a two-tiered system, the clients execute a minimum of the overall system's
components. Only the user interface and some relatively stable or personal application
logic need to be executed on the clients.

Rationale: This describes a three-tiered system.

49. Partitioning is the act of determining how to best distribute or duplicate application
components (data, processes, and interfaces) across the network.
50. Duplication is the act of determining how to best distribute or duplicate application
components (data, processes, and interfaces) across the network.

Rationale: This describes partitioning.
51. A network computing system is a multi-tiered solution in which the presentation and
presentation logic layers are implemented in the client side web browsers using
content downloaded from a web server.
52. The same Internet technologies being used to build e-commerce solutions are being
used to reshape the internal information systems of most businesses.
53. Network computing is a fundamental shift away from client/server computing.
54. An intranet uses Internet technology to integrate desktop, work group and enterprise
computing.
55. In a distributed data client/server system everything runs in (or from) a web browser.

Rationale: In a network computing system everything runs in (or from) a web browser.
56. The programming language of choice for the application logic in network computing
architectures is likely to be COBOL.

Rationale: The programming language of choice for the application logic in network
computing architectures is likely to be Java.

57. A distributed relational database distributes or duplicates tables to multiple database

servers located in geographically important locations.
58. A distributed relational database distributes or duplicates its database file servers
across a number of transaction servers.

Rationale: A distributed relational database distributes or duplicates tables to multiple
database servers located in geographically important locations.
59. Data partitioning distributes rows and columns to specific database servers with little
or no duplication between servers.
60. When using replication technology the RDBMS must propagate updates from one
database server to any other database server where the data is duplicated.
61. Horizontal partitioning is when different rows in a database are assigned to different
database servers.
62. Vertical partitioning is when different columns in a database are assigned to different
database servers.
63. Data replication duplicates some or all tables (rows and columns) on more than one
database server.
64. Vertical replication is when different columns in a database are replicated to different
database servers.

Rationale: Vertical partitioning is when different columns in a database are assigned to
different database servers. There is no such thing as vertical replication.

65. In batch processing, transactions are accumulated into batches for periodic processing.
The batch inputs are processed to update databases and produce appropriate reports.
66. In online processing, a group of transactions are placed in a line for periodic updates
to the database at a later point in time.
Answer: False Page: 496-497 LOD: Medium

Rationale: In batch processing, transactions are accumulated into batches for periodic
processing. The batch inputs are processed to update databases and produce
appropriate reports.
67. Batch input technologies are obsolete.

Rationale: Contrary to popular belief, batch input technologies are not quite obsolete.
68. Contrary to popular belief, batch input technologies are not quite obsolete.
69. The majority of systems have slowly evolved from on-line processing to batch
processing.

Rationale: The majority of systems have slowly evolved from batch processing to on-
line or real-time processing.
70. Typically, many businesses must commit to a data format to make EDI feasible.
Answer: True Page: 499 LOD: Hard
71. Electronic data interchange (EDI) is the standardized electronic flow of business
transactions or data between businesses.

72. Electronic data interchange (EDI) is the latest technique for sharing data between
businesses in a flexible, non-standard format to facilitate data sharing and transaction
update in a natural language format.

Rationale: Electronic data interchange (EDI) is the standardized electronic flow of
business transactions or data between businesses.
73. Image and document interchange is similar to EDI except that the actual images of
forms and data are transmitted and received.
74. Image and document interchange is particularly useful in applications in which the
form images or graphics are required.
75. Middleware products allow the programmers to ignore underlying communication

protocols.
76. Presentation middleware allows a programmer to build user interface components that
can talk to web browsers or desktop GUI.
77. Application middleware enables two programmer-written processes on different

processors to communicate with one another in whatever way is best suited to the
overall application. It is essential to multi-tier application development.
78. Database middleware allows a programmer to pass SQL commands to a database

engine for processing though a standard application program interface (API).

79. Remote procedure calls (RPCs), message queues and object request brokers are
examples of presentation middleware.

Rationale: Remote procedure calls (RPCs), message queues and object request brokers
are examples of application middleware.
80. Object database connectivity (ODBC) automatically translates SQL commands for one
database server for use on a different database server.
81. Application middleware allows a programmer to build user interface components that
talk to web browsers or desktop GUI.

Rationale: Presentation middleware allows a programmer to build user interface
components that talk to web browsers or desktop GUI.
82. Presentation middleware enables two programmer-written processes on different

processors to communicate with one another.

Rationale: Presentation middleware allows a programmer to build user interface
components that talk to web browsers. Application middleware enables two
programmer-written processes on different processors to communicate with one
another.
83. Database middleware allows a programmer to build user interface components that
can talk to web browsers or to desktop GUI.

Rationale: Database middleware allows a programmer to pass SQL commands to a
database engine for processing though a standard application program interface (API)
while presentation middleware allows a programmer to build user interface
components that can talk to web browsers or to desktop GUI.
84. A software development environment (SDE) is a language and tool kit for constructing
information system applications.

85. Clean layering requires that the presentation, application, and data layers of an
application be physically separated.
86. Clean layering requires that the presentation, application and data layers of an
application are physically joined.

Rationale: Clean layering requires that the presentation, application, and data layers of
an application be physically separated.
87. A design unit is a self-contained collection of processes, data stores and data flows that
share similar design attributes. It serves as a subset of the total system whose inputs,
outputs, files and databases, and programs can be designed, constructed, and unit
tested as a single subsystem.
88. Process partitioning is a self-contained collection of processes, data stores and data
flows that share similar design attributes.

Rationale: A design unit is a self-contained collection of processes, data stores and
data flows that share similar design attributes. It serves as a subset of the total system
whose inputs, outputs, files and databases, and programs can be designed, constructed,
and unit tested as a single subsystem.
89. A network architecture DFD is a physical data flow diagram that allocates processors
(clients and servers) and devices (e.g. machines and robots) to a network, and
establishes (1) the connectivity between the clients and servers; and (2) where users
will interact with the processors (usually only the clients).
90. To identify the processors and their locations, the developer utilizes: (1) an enterprise
information architecture if it exists; and (2) the advice of competent network managers
and/or specialists should be solicited to determine what's in place, what's possible and
what impact the system may have on the computer network.

91. A distributed data and application client/server system is called three-tiered or n-tiered
computing.
Multiple Choice Questions
92. Which of the following is a reason to split a logical process into multiple physical
processes?
A) to split the process into that portion to be performed by people and that portion to
be performed by the computer.
B) to show multiple, but different implementations, of the same logical process (such
as one process for paper orders and a different process for Internet orders).
C) to split the process into that portion that is to be implemented with one technology
and that portion to be implemented with a different technology.
D) to add processes that are necessary to handle exceptions or to implement security
requirements and audit trails.
E) all of these
Answer: E Page: 478-479 LOD: Medium
93. Which of the following is NOT an implementation method?

A) a purchased application software package
B) a system or utility program
C) an existing application program from a program library
D) a program to be written
E) all of these are implementation methods
Answer: E Page: 480 LOD: Easy
94. Which of the following best explains the trend toward distributed systems?
A) Modern business are already distributed, and thus distributed solutions are a
natural implementation alternative.
B) Distributed computing consolidates the incredible power made possible by the
proliferation of personal computers across an enterprise.
C) Distributed system solutions are more user-friendly because they utilize the PC as
the user interface processor.
D) Personal computers and network servers are much cheaper than mainframes.
E) all of these

95. Which of the following is NOT one of the basic types of distributed systems
architecture?
A) client/server architecture
B) file server architecture
C) wireless architecture
D) Internet-based architecture
E) all of these are basic types of distributed architecture
Answer: E Page: 484 LOD: Medium
96. A system in which the components of an information system are distributed to

multiple locations in a computer network is known as:
A) a centralized system
B) an emulated system
C) a database system
D) a communications system
E) none of these

Rationale: This is known as a distributed system
97. A multi-user computer that hosts all the components of an information system is used
in:
A) distributed systems
B) communication systems
C) enterprise resource systems
D) centralized systems
E) none of these
Answer: D Page: 484 LOD: Medium
98. An application system can be mapped into how many different layers?
A) two
B) three
C) four
D) five
E) none of these

99. The information system application layer that provides the actual user interface is
known as:
A) the presentation layer
B) the presentation logic layer
C) the application logic layer
D) the data manipulation layer
E) the data layer
Answer: A Page: 484 LOD: Medium
100. The information system application layer that implements any processing that must be
done to generate the user interface is known as:
E) the data layer
Answer: B Page: 484 LOD: Medium
101. The information system application layer that includes all the logic and processing
required to support the actual business application and rules is known as:
E) the data layer
Answer: C Page: 484 LOD: Medium
102. The information system application layer that includes all the commands and logic
required to store and retrieve data to and from the database is known as:
E) the data layer

103. The information system application layer that is the actual stored data in the database
is known as:
E) the data layer
104. A set of computers connected over a relatively short distance to one or more servers is
known as a(n):
A) LAN
B) WAN
C) MAN
D) CAN
E) backbone
Answer: A Page: 485 LOD: Easy
105. A server that hosts one or more shared databases and executes all database commands
and services for information systems is known as a(n):
A) database server
B) transaction server
C) application server
D) messaging server
E) none of these
106. A server that hosts services that ultimately ensure that all database updates for a single
business transaction succeed or fail as a whole is known as:
A) a database server
B) a transaction server
C) an application server
D) a messaging server
E) none of these

107. A server that hosts application logic and services for an information system, that must
communicate on the front end with clients, and on the back end with database servers,
is known as a(n):
A) database server
D) messaging server
E) none of these
108. A server that hosts services for e-mail, calendaring, and other work group functionality
is known as a(n):
A) database server
D) messaging server
E) none of these
109. A solution in which the presentation and presentation logic layers are shifted from the
server of a legacy system to reside in the client is known as:
A) distributed presentation client/server system
B) distributed data client server/system
C) distributed data client/server system OR two-tiered client/server computing
D) distributed presentation client/server system OR two-tiered client/server
computing
E) none of these

110. A solution in which the data and data manipulation layers are placed on the server(s)
and the application logic, presentation logic and presentation are placed on the clients
is known as:
A) distributed data client/server system OR multi-tiered client/server computing
B) distributed presentation client/server system OR multi-tiered client/server
computing
C) distributed data client/server system OR two-tiered client/server computing
D) distributed presentation client/server system OR two-tiered client/server
computing
E) none of these
111. What technique duplicates some or all tables of a database on more than one database
server?
A) data partitioning
B) horizontal partitioning
C) vertical partitioning
D) data replication
E) none of these
112. What technique truly distributes rows and columns of a relational database to specific
database servers with little or no duplication between servers?
A) data replication
B) data partitioning
C) data encapsulation
D) data distribution
E) none of these
113. When data in a relational database is partitioned across specific database servers, how
can it be partitioned?
A) vertically partitioned (only different columns can be assigned to different servers)
B) horizontally partitioned (only different rows can be assigned to different servers)
C) both vertically partitioned and horizontally partitioned
D) data from a database cannot be partitioned across different database servers
E) none of these

114. OCR is an example of what kind of data entry?

A) batch
B) remote batch
C) pen
D) keyless
E) EDI
115. Which of the following is represented in a physical data flow?

A) The planned implementation of an input to or output from a physical process.
B) A database command or actions such as create, read, update, or delete.
C) The import of data or the export of data to another information system across the
network.
D) The flow of data between two modules of subroutines within the same program.
E) all of these
116. Which of the following is NOT represented in a physical data flow?

A) The planned implementation of an input to or output from a physical process.
B) A database command or actions such as create, read, update, or delete.
C) The import of data or the export of data to another information system across the
network.
D) The flow of data between two modules of subroutines within the same program.
E) Data and data manipulation layers are placed on the server(s) and the application
logic, presentation logic and presentation are placed on the clients.
117. Which of the following is represented as a physical data store?

A) a database
B) a table in a database
C) a computer file
D) a tape or media backup of anything important or temporary files
E) all of these

118. Which of the following is NOT represented as a physical data store?

A) a database
B) a table in a database
C) a computer file
D) a transport protocol
E) a tape or media backup of anything important or temporary files
119. Which of the following is a kind of middleware?

A) XML
B) ODBC
C) LAN
D) HTML
E) none of these
120. Which of the following is an emerging technology that the author's of your textbook
recommend as part of your curriculum plan of study?
A) the Java programming language
B) HTML, hypertext markup language
C) SQL
D) web browsers
E) all of these
121. What is defined by the IT architecture?

A) Approved network, data, interface and processing technologies.
B) Ongoing process for researching emerging technologies.
C) Strategy for integrating legacy systems and technologies into the application
architecture.
D) Ongoing process for reviewing the application architecture for currency and
appropriateness.
E) all of these

122. Which of the following describes a rule of correctness for drawing a physical data
flow diagram?
A) a system that works
B) a system that fulfills user requirements
C) a system that provides adequate performance (throughput and response timE.
D) a system that is adaptable to changing requirements and enhancements
E) all of these
123. The application architectural blueprint communicates which of the following design
decisions?
A) The distribution of stored data across a network
B) The technology to be used to interface with other systems
C) The technology to be used to implement the user interface
D) The integration of any commercial off-the-shelf software
E) all of these
124. In which application architecture do you NOT need to worry about developing for
different computer architectures?
A) file server
B) distributed data client/server
C) network computing
D) distributed presentation client/server
E) distributed data and application client/server
125. In which application architecture does the client PC do virtually all the actual work?
A) file server
B) distributed data client/server
C) network computing
D) distributed presentation client/server
E) distributed data and application client/server

Fill in the Blank Questions
because part of the process is performed by _______________________, and part is to
be performed by the ________________________________.
Answer: people, computer OR computer, people Page: 478 LOD: Hard
127. A physical data flow represents any of the following (name two)
____________________.
Answer: the planned implementation of an input to or output from a physical process;

a database command or actions such as create, read, update, or delete; the import of
data from or the export of data to another information system across a network; the
flow of data between two modules or subroutines within the same program
Page: 481 LOD: Hard
128. A physical data store represents the implementation of one of the following (name
three) __________________.
Answer: a database; a table in a database; a computer file; a tape or media backup of

anything important; any temporary file or batch as needed by a program; any type of
non-computerized file Page: 481 LOD: Hard
129. The _________________________________ layer is where any processing is done to

generate the presentation layer.
Answer: presentation logic Page: 484 LOD: Medium
130. A(n) ____________________________ is one in which the data, process, and

interface components of an information system are distributed to multiple locations in
a computer network. Accordingly, the processing workload required to support these
components is also distributed across multiple computers on the network.
Answer: distributed system Page: 484 LOD: Hard
131. In _______________________________, a central, multi-user computer hosts all the

data, process and interface components of an information system. The users interact
with this host computer via terminals (or PCs emulating terminals), but virtually all of
the actual processing and work is done on the host computer.
Answer: centralized systems Page: 484 LOD: Hard

132. A(n) _____________________________ system is a LAN-based solution in which a

server computer hosts only the data layer. All other layers of the information system
applications are implemented on the client PC.
Answer: file server Page: 485 LOD: Hard
133. In _________________________________ architectures, if the application wants to

examine only one record in the database, the entire file or table of records must be first
downloaded to the client PC where the data manipulation logic will be executed to
read the desired record.
Answer: file server Page: 486 LOD: Hard
134. A(n) _________________________ system is a solution in which the presentation,

presentation logic, application logic, data manipulation and data layers are distributed
between client PCs and one or more servers.
Answer: client/server Page: 487 LOD: Hard
135. A(n) _____________________ client is a personal computer that does not have to be
very powerful (or expensive. in terms of processor speed and memory because it only
presents the interface (screens) to the user. In other words, it acts only as a terminal.
Answer: thin Page: 487 LOD: Hard
136. A(n) _________________________ client is a personal computer, notebook computer

or workstation that is typically more powerful (and expensive in terms of processor
speed, memory, and storage capacity. Almost all PCs are considered this type of
clients.
Answer: fat Page: 487 LOD: Hard
137. A(n) _________________________ server hosts one or more shared databases (like a
file server) but also executes all database commands and services for information
systems (unlike a file server).
Answer: database Page: 487 LOD: Hard
138. A server in the _______________ model must be more powerful and capable than a
server in the file server model.
Answer: client/server Page: 487 LOD: Hard

139. A(n) __________________________ server hosts services that ultimately ensure that
all database updates for a single business transaction succeed or fail as a whole.
Answer: transaction Page: 487 LOD: Hard
140. A(n) _______________________ server hosts application logic and services for an
information system. It must communicate on the front end with the clients (for
presentation) and on the back end with database servers for data access and update.
Answer: application Page: 487 LOD: Hard
141. A(n) ___________________________ server hosts services for e-mail, calendaring,

and other work group functionality. This type of functionality can actually be
integrated into information systems applications.
Answer: messaging Page: 487 LOD: Hard
142. A(n) ______________________ server hosts Internet or intranet web sites. It

communicates with fat and thin clients by returning documents and data to them.
Answer: web Page: 487 LOD: Hard
143. A(n) ___________________________ system is a solution in which the presentation

and presentation logic layers are shifted from the server of a legacy system to reside
on the client. The application logic, data manipulation and data layers remain on the
server (usually a mainframe.
Answer: distributed presentation client/server Page: 487-488 LOD: Hard
144. A(n) _______________________________________________ system is a solution in

which the data and data manipulation layers are placed on the server(s), and the
application logic, presentation logic, and presentation layers are placed on the clients.
This is also called two-tiered client/server computing.
Answer: distributed data client/server Page: 489 LOD: Hard
145. A(n) ______________________________ system is a solution in which: (1) the data

and data manipulation layers are place on their own server(s); (2) the application logic
is placed on its own server; and (3) only the presentation logic and presentation layers
are placed on the clients. This is called three-tiered or n-tiered computing.
Answer: distributed data and application client/server Page: 490 LOD: Hard

146. A(n) _______________________________________________ system is a solution in

which the presentation and presentation logic layers are implemented in web browsers
using content downloaded from a web server.
Answer: network computing Page: 491 LOD: Hard
147. A(n) __________ uses Internet technology to integrate desktop, work group, and
enterprise computing.
Answer: intranet Page: 492 LOD: Medium
148. A class of CASE tools, sometimes called ___________________, automatically read a

character user interface (CUI) and generate a first-cut graphical user interface (GUI).
Answer: screen scrapers Page: 488 LOD: Medium
149. With the development of an intranet and corporate applications in the intranet
environment, multiple different computer architectures are no longer an issue because
everything runs in a(n) _________________________________.
Answer: web browser Page: 492 LOD: Medium
150. The ___________ / ______________ boundary distinguishes manual from

computerized processes.
Answer: person, machine Page: 510 LOD: Hard
151. A(n) ______________________ distributes or duplicates tables to multiple database

servers located in geographically important locations.
Answer: distributed relational database Page: 494 LOD: Hard
152. A(n) _______________________________is a software program that controls access

to and maintenance of the stored data in the relational format. It also provides for
backup, recovery and security. It is sometimes called a client/server database
management system.
Answer: distributed relational database management system (or distributed RDBMS)

Page: 494 LOD: Hard

153. __________________________________ truly distributes rows and columns to

specific database servers with little or no duplication between servers. Different
columns can be assigned to different database servers or different rows in a table can
be allocated to different database servers.
Answer: Data partitioning Page: 495 LOD: Hard
154. ___________________________________ partitioning is when different rows in a

database are assigned to different database servers.
Answer: Horizontal Page: 495 LOD: Hard
155. __________________________________ partitioning is when different columns in a

database are assigned to different database servers.
Answer: Vertical Page: 495 LOD: Hard
156. _____________________________________ duplicates some or all tables (rows and

columns) on more than one database server.
Answer: Data replication Page: 495 LOD: Hard
157. In _______________________________, transactions are accumulated into batches

for periodic processing. The batch inputs are processed to update databases and
produce appropriate reports.
Answer: batch processing Page: 496 LOD: Hard
158. _____________________________ is the standardized electronic flow of business

transactions or data between businesses. Typically, many businesses must commit to a
data format to make it feasible.
Answer: Electronic data interchange (EDI) Page: 499 LOD: Hard
159. ______________________________________ is similar to EDI except that the actual

images of forms and data are transmitted and received.
Answer: Image and document interchange Page: 499 LOD: Hard

160. _________________________________ is utility software that enables

communication between different processors in a system. It may be built into the
respective operating systems or added through purchased products that allow the
programmers to ignore underlying communication protocols.
Answer: Middleware Page: 500 LOD: Hard
161. ________________________________ middleware allows a programmer to build

user interface components that can talk to web browsers or desktop GUI.
Answer: Presentation Page: 500 LOD: Hard
162. _________________________________ middleware enables two programmer-

written processes on different processors to communicate with one another in
whatever way is best suited to the overall application. It is essential to multi-tier
application development.
Answer: Application Page: 500 LOD: Hard
163. __________________________ middleware allows a programmer to pass SQL

commands to a database engine for processing though a standard application program
interface (API).
Answer: Database Page: 500 LOD: Hard
164. A(n) ____________________ is a language and tool kit for constructing information
system applications.
Answer: software development environment (SDE). Page: 500 LOD: Hard
165. ___________________________________ requires that the presentation, application,

and data layers of an application be physically separated.
Answer: Clean layering Page: 501 LOD: Hard
166. A(n) ________________________________ is a self-contained collection of

processes, data stores and data flows that share similar design attributes. It serves as a
subset of the total system whose inputs, outputs, files and databases, and programs can
be designed, constructed, and unit tested as a single subsystem.
Answer: design unit Page: 504 LOD: Hard

167. A(n) ________________________________________ is a physical data flow

diagram that allocates processors (clients and servers) and devices (e.g. machines and
robots) to a network, and establishes (1) the connectivity between the clients and
servers; and (2) where users will interact with the processors (usually only the clients).
Answer: network architecture DFD Page: 505-506 LOD: Hard
168. A(n) __________________________ specifies the technologies to be used to

implement one or more (possibly all) information systems in terms of data, process,
interface, and how these components interact and communicate across a network.
Answer: application architecture Page: 476 LOD: Hard
169. The __________________________________ model the technical and human design

decisions to be implemented as part of an information system. They communicate
technical choices and other design decisions to those who will actually construct and
implement the system.
Answer: physical data flow diagrams (PDFD). Page: 477 LOD: Hard
170. A(n) ______________________________ is either a processor, such as a computer or

person, or the technical implementation of specific work to be performed, such as a
computer program or manual process.
Answer: physical process Page: 477-478 LOD: Hard

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Chapter 13 Application Architecture and Modeling

1. Application architecture is a specification of the technologies to be used to implement

Answer: True Page: 476 LOD: Easy

Answer: False Page: 476 LOD: Medium

3. A physical data flow diagram can be used to communicate the technical

Answer: True Page: 477 LOD: Easy

4. A physical process is either a processor, such as a computer or person, or the technical

Answer: True Page: 477-478 LOD: Easy

5. A logical process is either a processor, such as a computer or person, or the technical

Answer: False Page: 477-478 LOD: Easy

Answer: True Page: 478 LOD: Easy

Answer: True Page: 478 LOD: Easy

Whitten/Bentley, Systems Analysis & Design Methods, Seventh Edition 5

Answer: True Page: 479 LOD: Easy

Answer: True Page: 479 LOD: Easy

Answer: False Page: 478-479 LOD: Easy

Answer: False Page: 478-479 LOD: Easy

Answer: True Page: 479 LOD: Easy

Answer: True Page: 481 LOD: Easy

6 Whitten/Bentley, Systems Analysis & Design Methods, Seventh Edition

Answer: False Page: 481 LOD: Medium

Answer: True Page: 481 LOD: Easy

Answer: True Page: 484 LOD: Easy

Answer: False Page: 484 LOD: Easy

18. In distributed systems, a central multiuser computer hosts all components.

Answer: False Page: 484 LOD: Medium

19. Another name for Internet-based computing is network computing.

Answer: True Page: 491 LOD: Medium

Answer: False Page: 484 LOD: Medium

Whitten/Bentley, Systems Analysis & Design Methods, Seventh Edition 7

Answer: True Page: 485 LOD: Easy

Answer: False Page: 485 LOD: Easy

Answer: True Page: 485-486 LOD: Easy

Answer: False Page: 486 LOD: Easy

Answer: True Page: 486 LOD: Easy

26. Microsoft Access uses a file server architecture.

Answer: True Page: 486 LOD: Easy

27. With file server architectures, the client PC must be fat.

Answer: True Page: 486 LOD: Medium

28. A client/server system is a solution in which the presentation, presentation logic,

Answer: True Page: 487 LOD: Easy

8 Whitten/Bentley, Systems Analysis & Design Methods, Seventh Edition

Answer: True Page: 487 LOD: Easy

Answer: True Page: 487 LOD: Easy

31. Almost all PCs can act as fat clients.

Answer: True Page: 487s LOD: Medium

Answer: False Page: 487 LOD: Medium

Answer: True Page: 487 LOD: Easy

Answer: False Page: 487 LOD: Medium

Answer: True Page: 487 LOD: Easy

Whitten/Bentley, Systems Analysis & Design Methods, Seventh Edition 9

Answer: True Page: 487 LOD: Easy

Answer: True Page: 487 LOD: Easy

Answer: True Page: 487 LOD: Easy

Answer: True Page: 487 LOD: Easy

Answer: False Page: 487 LOD: Easy

41. A distributed presentation client/server system is a solution in which the application

Answer: False Page: 488 LOD: Medium

Answer: True Page: 489 LOD: Easy

10 Whitten/Bentley, Systems Analysis & Design Methods, Seventh Edition

Answer: True Page: 489 LOD: Easy

Answer: False Page: 489 LOD: Medium

Answer: True Page: 490 LOD: Easy

Answer: True Page: 490 LOD: Easy