Design of Mat Foundation

Calculation of Corner stresses of mat foundation

Location of x y Geometric Centroid

18.73 17.43

Safe Bearing Capacity of Soil (SBC) = 62 KN/m2

For the load combination which includes the Earthquake load, the bearing capacity can be increased by 50%
( IS 1893:2002 Cl.No. 6.3.5.2). So for load combination with EQ load, SBC = 93 KN/m2

Case 1 Case 6 Case 7 Case 8 Case 9

1.5 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2
(DL+LL) (DL+LL+EQx) (DL+LL-EQx) (DL+LL+EQy) (DL+LL-EQy)

Summation of Forces (pi) 110322.25 88257.79 88257.79 88257.79 88257.79

Summation of Moments (Mx) 49.66 199.29 -38.82 25570.24 -25610.73
Summation of Moments (My) -6.27 -23142.65 23157.18 -144.87 119.78
Location of centroid of Resultant forces
x 19.98 21.10 18.86 20.00 19.98
y 17.33 17.33 17.33 18.59 16.07
Eccentricity
ex -1.26 -2.37 -0.14 -1.27 -1.25
ey 0.10 0.10 0.10 -1.16 1.36
Mex = P X ex -138608.97 -209488.01 -12117.17 -112338.22 -110157.48
Mey = P x ey 11114.28 9051.00 8812.84 -102676.38 120339.30
Total Moment ( Mx = Mex + Mx) -138559.31 -209288.72 -12155.99 -86767.98 -135768.21
Total Moment ( My = Mey + My) 11108.01 -14091.65 31970.03 -102821.25 120459.08
Area (m2) 1196.27 1196.27 1196.27 1196.27 1196.27
P/A 92.22 73.78 73.78 73.78 73.78
Moment of Inertia ( I x-x) 119827.87 119827.87 119827.87 119827.87 119827.87
Moment of Inertia ( I y-y) 128211.55 128211.55 128211.55 128211.55 128211.55

Coordinate of Corner of mat foundation

S.No. X Y
1 -18.440 17.323
2 -12.802 17.323
3 -7.163 17.323
4 -1.524 17.323
5 4.140 17.323
6 9.754 17.323
7 16.002 17.323
8 -18.745 11.074
9 16.002 11.074
10 -18.745 5.436
11 16.002 5.436
12 -18.745 -0.203
13 16.002 -0.203
14 -18.745 -5.842
 15 16.002 -5.842
16 -12.802 -11.481
17 16.002 -10.871
18 22.962 -10.871
19 -7.163 -17.424
20 -1.524 -17.424
21 4.140 -17.424
22 9.754 -17.424
23 15.392 -17.424
24 22.962 -17.424

Stress () = (P/A) (Mx/Ix) x y (My/Iy) x x

Corner Stresses in KN/m2

Case 1 Case 6 Case 7 Case 8 Case 9

1.2
1.5 (DL+LL+EQx 1.2 1.2 1.2
(DL+LL) ) (DL+LL-EQx) (DL+LL+EQy) (DL+LL-EQy)
(-18.4404,17.3228) 70.59 45.55 67.42 76.02 36.82
(-12.8016,17.3228) 71.08 44.93 68.83 71.50 42.12
(-7.1628,17.3228) 71.57 44.31 70.23 66.98 47.42
(-1.524,17.3228) 72.06 43.69 71.64 62.46 52.72
(4.1402,17.3228) 72.55 43.07 73.05 57.91 58.04
(9.7536,17.3228) 73.04 42.45 74.45 53.41 63.31
(16.002,17.3228) 73.58 41.76 76.01 48.40 69.18
(-18.7452,11.0744) 77.79 56.50 67.98 80.79 43.62
(16.002,11.0744) 80.80 52.68 76.64 52.93 76.26
(-18.7452,5.4356) 84.31 66.34 68.55 84.87 50.01
(16.002,5.4356) 87.32 62.52 77.22 57.01 82.65
(-18.7452,-0.2032) 90.83 76.19 69.12 88.96 56.40
(16.002,-0.2032) 93.84 72.37 77.79 61.09 89.04
(-18.7452,-5.842) 97.35 86.04 69.70 93.04 62.78
(16.002,-5.842) 100.36 82.22 78.36 65.17 95.43
(-12.8016,-11.4808) 104.39 95.24 71.75 92.36 74.76
(16.002,-10.8712) 106.18 91.01 78.87 68.82 101.13
(22.9616,-10.8712) 106.78 90.24 80.61 63.23 107.67
(-7.1628,-17.4244) 111.75 105.00 73.76 92.14 86.79
(-1.524,-17.4244) 112.24 104.38 75.16 87.62 92.09
(4.1402,-17.4244) 112.73 103.76 76.58 83.07 97.41
(9.7536,-17.4244) 113.21 103.14 77.98 78.57 102.68
(15.3924,-17.4244) 113.70 102.52 79.38 74.05 107.98
(22.9616,-17.4244) 114.36 101.69 81.27 67.98 115.09

Note: Here the maximum upward soil pressure (115.09 KN/m2) is greater than safe bearing capacity (93 KN/m2) of
foundation soil so it is necessary to increase the strength of the foundation soil by using geotechnical soil stabilizing
process like certain depth of granular material packing.

Concrete Grade = M20 Steel Grade = Fe500 (TMT)

 Ref Step Calculations Output

1 Known Data
Strip 12-12 Upward Soil Pressure, q = 115.09 KN/m2 q= 115.09 KN/m2
Max Span Length, L = 6.960 m

2 Moment Calculation
IS 456-2000 Maximum Support Moment, Ms = q L2 / 10
Table 12 Ms = 115.09 x 6.9062 / 10 Ms = 557.450 KNm
= 557.450 KNm per m width
Maximum Span Moment, Mm = q L2 / 12
IS 456-2000 Mm = 115.09 x 6.9062 / 12 Mm = 464.542 KNm
Table 12 =464.542 KNm per m width

3 Depth form Moment Consideration

SP 16 M
Table D
2.66 x b
Depth of footing, d =

557 .450 x 10 6
2.66 x 1000
=
= 457.786 mm
4 But the footing is critical in shear, increase depth
d = 1000 mm d = 1000 mm
Providing 20 mm dia. Bar
D = 1000 + 20/2 + 50 = 1060 mm D = 1060 mm

5 Check for two way shear i.e Punching Shear

Perimeter, bo = 5.340 m

Pu
IS 456-2000 v
Cl. 31.6.2.1 bo x d
Nominal Shear stress

2135 .57 x 10 3
5340 x 1000 v = 0.474 N/mm2
=
= 0.474 N/mm2

x .25 x f ck
Permissible punching shear, v =
v = 1.118 N/mm2
6 = 1 x .25 x 20
Hence Safe
= 1.118 N/mm2 > v
IS 456-2000 Calculation of Area of steel Min Ast = 1392 mm2
Cl. 26.5.2.1 Min Ast = 0.12% of bD
= 1392 mm2

Area of Steel at Support (Bottom Bars)

IS 456-2000
Annex G
(G-1.1 b) f ck 4.6 x M
A st 0.5 x (1 1 )x b x d
fy f ck x b x d 2

20 4.6 x 557 .456 x 10 6

0.5 x (1 1 ) x 1000 x 1000 Provide Min Ast = 1392
500 20 x 1000 x 1000 2 mm2

= 1326.257 mm2 < Min. Ast

So provide Ast = 1392 mm2

Provide 20 mm bars
Area of each bar, Ab = 314.159 mm2
A
S v b x 100
A st
Spacing of Bars ,
314 .159 Spacing Ok
x 100 20mm bar @ 225 mm c/c
1392

= 225.70 mm
Provide 20mm bar @ 225 mm c/c

Ab
Act. A st x 1000
Sv
314 .159 Act. Ast = 1396.260 mm2
x 1000
225

= 1396.260 mm2

Pt = 0.1204 %

IS 456-2000 Area of Steel at mid span (Top Bars)

Annex G f 4.6 x M
A st 0.5 x ck (1 1 )xbxd
(G-1.1 b) fy f ck x b x d 2

20 4.6 x 464 .542 x 10 6

0.5 x (1 1 ) x 1000 x 1000 Provide Min Ast = 1392
500 20 x 1000 x 1000 2
mm2
= 1098.751 mm2 < Min. Ast

So provide Ast = 1392 mm2

Provide 20 mm bars
Area of each bar, Ab = 314.159 mm2
A
S v b x 100
A st
Spacing of Bars ,
314 .159 Spacing Ok
x 100
1392 20mm bar @ 225 mm c/c

= 225.70 mm
Provide 20mm bar @ 225 mm c/c

Ab
Act. A st x 1000
Sv
 314 .159
x 1000
225
Act. Ast = 1396.260 mm2
= 1396.260 mm2

Pt = 0.1204 %

Total Pt = 0.1204% + 0.1204% = 0.241%

[ Note: For permissible shear stress calculation
the top and bottom reinforcement can be summed
up but not for the deflection calculation.]
7
Check for One Way Shear

Shear At Critical Section

0.6ql = 480.616 KNm

Vu

a/2+d=1.405
0.4ql = 320.410 KNm
4.176 m 2.784 m

Vu = 330.446 KN
IS 456-2000 c = 0.335 N/mm2
Table 19 For Pt = 0.241% Hence, Safe
c = 0.335 N/mm2
c x b x d = 356.000 KN > Vu
 Ref Step Calculations Output

Strip E-E 1 Known Data

Upward Soil Pressure, q = 113.70 KN/m2 q= 113.70 KN/m2
Max Span Length, L = 5.639 m

IS 456-2000 2 Moment Calculation

Table 12 Maximum Support Moment, Ms = q L2 / 10
Ms = 113.70 x 5.6392 / 10 Ms = 361.521 KNm
= 361.521 KNm per m width
IS 456-2000 Maximum Span Moment, Mm = q L2 / 12
Table 12 Mm = 113.70 x 5.6392 / 12 Mm = 301.270 KNm
=301.270 KNm per m width

SP 16 3 Depth form Moment Consideration

Table D
M
2.66 x b
Depth of footing, d =

361 .521 x 10 6
2.66 x 1000
=
= 368.660 mm
4
But the footing is critical in shear, increase depth
D = 1060 mm D = 1060 mm
Providing 20 mm dia. Bar
d = 1160 - 20/2 - 50 -20 = 980 mm d = 980 mm
5
Check for two way shear i.e Punching Shear
Perimeter, bo = 6.356 m
IS 456-2000
Cl. 31.6.2.1 Pu
v
bo x d
Nominal Shear stress

4169 .43 x 10 3
6356 x 980 v = 0.670 N/mm2
=
= 0.670 N/mm2

x .25 x f ck
Permissible punching shear, v =

= 1 x .25 x 20 v = 1.118 N/mm2

= 1.118 N/mm2 > v Hence Safe
6
IS 456-2000 Calculation of Area of steel
Cl. 26.5.2.1 Min Ast = 0.12% of bD Min Ast = 1392 mm2
= 1392 mm2

IS 456-2000 Area of Steel at Support (Bottom Bars)

Annex G
(G-1.1 b)
 f ck 4.6 x M
A st 0.5 x (1 1 )xbxd
fy f ck x b x d 2

20 4.6 x 361 .521 x 10 6

0.5 x (1 1 ) x 1000 x 980
500 20 x 1000 x 980 2
= 867.670 mm2 < Min. Ast Provide Min Ast = 1392
mm2
So provide Ast = 1392 mm2
Provide 20 mm bars
Area of each bar, Ab = 314.159 mm2
A
S v b x 100
A st
Spacing of Bars ,
314 .159
x 100 Spacing Ok
1392
20mm bar @ 225 mm
c/c
= 225.70 mm
Provide 20mm bar @ 225 mm c/c

Ab
Act. A st x 1000
Sv
314 .159 Act. Ast = 1396.260 mm2
x 1000
225

= 1396.260 mm2

Pt = 0.1204 %

IS 456-2000 Area of Steel at mid span (Top Bars)

Annex G f 4.6 x M
A st 0.5 x ck (1 1 )xbxd
(G-1.1 b) fy f ck x b x d 2

20 4.6 x 301 .270 x 10 6

0.5 x (1 1 ) x 1000 x 980 Provide Min Ast = 1392
500 20 x 1000 x 980 2
mm2
= 720.300 mm2 < Min. Ast

So provide Ast = 1392 mm2

Provide 20 mm bars
Area of each bar, Ab = 314.159 mm2
A
S v b x 100
A st
Spacing of Bars ,
314 .159
x 100
1392 Spacing Ok
20mm bar @ 225 mm
= 225.70 mm c/c
Provide 20mm bar @ 225 mm c/c

Ab
Act. A st x 1000
Sv
Act. Ast = 1396.260 mm2
 314.159
* 1000
225
= 1396.260 mm2

Pt = 0.1204 %

Total Pt = 0.1204% + 0.1204% = 0.241%

7 [ Note: For permissible shear stress calculation
the top and bottom reinforcement can be summed
up but not for the deflection calculation.]

Check for One Way Shear

Shear At Critical Section

0.6ql = 384.68 KNm

a/2+d=1.384
0.4ql = 256.453 KNm
IS 456-2000 3.383 m 2.255 m
c = 0.335 N/mm2
Table 19 Hence, Safe
Vu = 238.600 KN

For Pt = 0.241%
c = 0.335 N/mm2
c X b X d = 328.3 KN > Vu
 Summary of Design of the Mat Foundation

Concrete Grade: M20 Steel Grade: Fe500 (TMT)

Safe Bearing Capacity: 62 KN/m2
Total Depth of Foundation: 1060 mm
Clear cover: 50mm

Bottom Reinforcement Top Reinforcement

Strip Strip Width (m)
Diameter Spacing c/c Diameter Spacing c/c

A-A 4.343 20 mm 225 20 mm 225

B-B 7.468 20 mm 225 20 mm 225
C-C 7.468 20 mm 225 20 mm 225
D-D 4.039 20 mm 225 20 mm 225
E-E 3.124 20 mm 225 20 mm 225
F-F 5.639 20 mm 225 20 mm 225
G-G 5.639 20 mm 225 20 mm 225
H-H 5.639 20 mm 225 20 mm 225
I-I 5.639 20 mm 225 20 mm 225
J-J 5.639 20 mm 225 20 mm 225
K-K 3.429 20 mm 225 20 mm 225

1-1 4.343 20 mm 225 20 mm 225

2-2 7.468 20 mm 225 20 mm 225
3-3 7.468 20 mm 225 20 mm 225
4-4 7.468 20 mm 225 20 mm 225
5-5 4.039 20 mm 225 20 mm 225
6-6 3.124 20 mm 225 20 mm 225
7-7 5.639 20 mm 225 20 mm 225
8-8 5.639 20 mm 225 20 mm 225
9-9 5.639 20 mm 225 20 mm 225
10-10 5.639 20 mm 225 20 mm 225
11-11 5.639 20 mm 225 20 mm 225
12-12 3.429 20 mm 225 20 mm 225
13-13 6.959 20 mm 225 20 mm 225