Jurisdiction of the Supreme Court

(1) Exclusive original jurisdiction in petitions for certiorari, prohibition and

mandamus against the CA, COMELEC, COA, CTA, Sandiganbayan, NLRC

(2) Concurrent original jurisdiction

(a) With Court of Appeals in petitions for certiorari, prohibition and mandamus
against the RTC, CSC, Central Board of Assessment Appeals, Quasi-judicial agencies,
and writ of kalikasan, all subject to the doctrine of hierarchy of courts.

(b) With the CA and RTC in petitions for certiorari, prohibition and mandamus
against lower courts and bodies and in petitions for quo warranto, and writs of
habeas corpus, all subject to the doctrine of hierarchy of courts.

(c) With CA, RTC and Sandiganbayan for petitions for writs of amparo and habeas
data

(d) Concurrent original jurisdiction with the RTC in cases affecting ambassadors,
public ministers and consuls.

(3) Appellate jurisdiction by way of petition for review on certiorari (appeal by

certiorari under Rule 45) against CA, Sandiganbayan, RTC on pure questions of law;
and in cases involving the constitutionality or validity of a law or treaty, international
or executive agreement, law, presidential decree, proclamation, order, instruction,
ordinance or regulation, legality of a tax, impost, assessment, toll or penalty,
jurisdiction of a lower court; and CTA in its decisions rendered en banc.

(4) Exceptions in which factual issues may be resolved by the Supreme Court:

(a) When the findings are grounded entirely on speculation, surmises or

conjectures;

(b) When the inference made is manifestly mistaken, absurd or impossible;

(c) When there is grave abuse of discretion;

(d) When the judgment is based on misapprehension of facts;

(e) When the findings of facts are conflicting;

(f) When in making its findings the CA went beyond the issues of the case, or its
findings are contrary to the admissions of both the appellant and the appellee;

(g) When the findings are contrary to the trial court;

(h) When the findings are conclusions without citation of specific evidence on
which they are based;

(i) When the facts set forth in the petition as well as in the petitioners main and
reply briefs are not disputed by the respondent;

(j) When the findings of fact are premised on the supposed absence of evidence
and contradicted by the evidence on record; ad

(k) When the Court of Appeals manifestly overlooked certain relevant facts not
disputed by the parties, which, if properly considered, could justify a different
conclusion.

Jurisdiction of the Court of Appeals

(1) Exclusive original jurisdiction in actions for the annulment of the judgments of
the RTC.

(2) Concurrent original jurisdiction

(a) With SC to issue writs of certiorari, prohibition and mandamus against the
RTC, CSC, CBAA, other quasi-judicial agencies mentioned in Rule 43, and the NLRC,
and writ of kalikasan.

(b) With the SC and RTC to issue writs of certiorari, prohibition and mandamus
against lower courts and bodies and writs of quo warranto, habeas corpus, whether
or not in aid of its appellate jurisdiction, and writ of continuing mandamus on
environmental cases.

(c) With SC, RTC and Sandiganbayan for petitions for writs of amparo and habeas
data

(3) Exclusive appellate jurisdiction

(a) by way of ordinary appeal from the RTC and the Family Courts.

(b) by way of petition for review from the RTC rendered by the RTC in the exercise
of its appellate jurisdiction.

(c) by way of petition for review from the decisions, resolutions, orders or awards
of the CSC, CBAA and other bodies mentioned in Rule 43 and of the Office of the
Ombudsman in administrative disciplinary cases.
(d) over decisions of MTCs in cadastral or land registration cases pursuant to its
delegated jurisdiction; this is because decisions of MTCs in these cases are
appealable in the same manner as decisions of RTCs.

Jurisdiction of the Court of Tax Appeals (under RA 9282 and Rule 5, AM 05-
11-07-CTA)

(1) Exclusive original or appellate jurisdiction to review by appeal

(a) Decisions of CIR in cases involving disputed assessments, refunds of internal

revenue taxes, fees or other charges, penalties in relation thereto, or other matters
arising under the NIRC or other laws administered by BIR;

(b) Inaction by CIR in cases involving disputed assessments, refunds of IR taxes,

fees or other charges, penalties in relation thereto, or other matters arising under
the NIRC or other laws administered by BIR, where the NIRC or other applicable law
provides a specific period of action, in which case the inaction shall be deemed an
implied denial;

(c) Decisions, orders or resolutions of the RTCs in local taxes originally decided or
resolved by them in the exercise of their original or appellate jurisdiction;

(d) Decisions of the Commissioner of Customs (1) in cases involving liability for
customs duties, fees or other charges, seizure, detention or release of property
affected, fines, forfeitures or other penalties in relation thereto, or (2) other matters
arising under the Customs law or other laws, part of laws or special laws
administered by BOC;

(e) Decisions of the Central Board of Assessment Appeals in the exercise of its
appellate jurisdiction over cases involving the assessment and taxation of real
property originally decided by the provincial or city board of assessment appeals;

(f) Decision of the secretary of Finance on customs cases elevated to him

automatically for review from decisions of the Commissioner of Customs which are
adverse to the government under Sec. 2315 of the Tariff and Customs Code;

(g) Decisions of Secretary of Trade and Industry in the case of non-agricultural

product, commodity or article, and the Secretary of Agriculture in the case of
agricultural product, commodity or article, involving dumping duties and
counterveiling duties under Secs. 301 and 302, respectively, of the Tariff and
Customs Code, and safeguard measures under RA 8800, where either party may
appeal the decision to impose or not to impose said duties.
(2) Exclusive original jurisdiction

(a) Over all criminal cases arising from violation of the NIRC of the TCC and other
laws, part of laws, or special laws administered by the BIR or the BOC where the
principal amount of taxes and fees, exclusive of charges and penalties claimed is less
that P1M or where there is no specified amount claimed (the offenses or penalties
shall be tried by the regular courts and the jurisdiction of the CTA shall be appellate);

(b) In tax collection cases involving final and executory assessments for taxes,
fees, charges and penalties where the principal amount of taxes and fees, exclusive
of charges and penalties claimed is less than P1M tried by the proper MTC, MeTC and
RTC.

(3) Exclusive appellate jurisdiction

(a) In criminal offenses (1) over appeals from the judgment, resolutions or orders
of the RTC in tax cases originally decided by them, in their respective territorial
jurisdiction, and (2) over petitions for review of the judgments, resolutions or orders
of the RTC in the exercise of their appellate jurisdiction over tax cases originally
decided by the MeTCs, MTCs, and MCTCs in their respective jurisdiction;

(b) In tax collection cases (1) over appeals from the judgments, resolutions or
orders of the RTC in tax collection cases originally decided by them in their respective
territorial jurisdiction; and (2) over petitions for review of the judgments, resolutions
or orders of the RTC in the exercise of their appellate jurisdiction over tax collection
cases originally decided by the MeTCs, MTCs and MCTCs in their respective
jurisdiction.

Jurisdiction of the Sandiganbayan

(1) Original jurisdiction in all cases involving

(a) Violations of RA 3019 (Anti-Graft and Corrupt Practices Act)

(b) Violations of RA 1379 (Anti-Ill-Gotten Wealth Act)

(c) Bribery (Chapter II, Sec. 2, Title VII, Book II, RPC) where one or more of the
principal accused are occupying the following positions in the government, whether
in permanent, acting or interim capacity at the time of the commission of the offense

1. Officials of the executive branch occupying the positions of regional director

and higher, otherwise classified as Grade 27 and higher, of the Compensation and
Position Classification Act of 1989 (RA 6758)
2. Members of Congress and officials thereof classified as G-27 and up under RA
6758

3. Members of the Judiciary without prejudice to the provisions of the

Constitution

4. Chairmen and Members of the Constitutional Commissions without prejudice

to the provisions of the Constitution

5. All other national and local officials classified as Grade 27 and higher under
RA 6758

(d) Other offenses or felonies committed by the public officials and employees
mentioned in Sec. 4(a) of RA 7975 as amended by RA 8249 in relation to their office

(e) Civil and criminal cases filed pursuant to and in connection with EO Nos. 1, 2,
14-A (Sec. 4, RA 8249)

(2) Concurrent original jurisdiction with SC, CA and RTC for petitions for writs of
habeas data and amparo

Jurisdiction of the Regional Trial Courts

(1) Exclusive original jurisdiction

(a) matters incapable of pecuniary estimation, such as rescission of contract

(b) title to, possession of, or interest in, real property with assessed value
exceeding P20,000 (outside Metro Manila), or exceeds P50,000 in Metro Manila

(c) probate proceedings where the gross value of the estate exceeds P300,000
outside MM or exceeds P400,000 in MM

(d) admiralty or maritime cases where the demand or claim exceeds P300,000
outside MM or exceeds P400,000 in MM

(e) other actions involving property valued at more than P300,000 outside MM or
more than P400,000 in MM

(f) criminal cases not within the exclusive jurisdiction of the Sandiganbayan

(2) Original exclusive jurisdiction over cases not falling within the jurisdiction of
any court, tribunal, person or body exercising judicial or quasi-judicial functions
(3) Original and exclusive jurisdiction to hear and decide intra-corporate
controversies:

(a) Cases involving devises or schemes employed by or any acts, of the board of
directors, business associates, its officers or partnership, amounting to fraud and
misrepresentation which may be detrimental to the interest of the public and/or of
the stockholders, partners, members of associations or organizations registered with
the SEC

(b) Controversies arising out of intra-corporate or partnership relations, between

and among stockholders, members or associates; between any or all of them and the
corporation, partnership or association of which they are stockholders, members or
associates, respectively; and between such corporation , partnership or association
and the state insofar as it concerns their individual franchise or right to exist as such
entity

(c) Controversies in the election or appointments of directors, trustees, officers or

managers of such corporations, partnerships or associations

(d) Petitions of corporations, partnerships or associations to be declared in the

state of suspension of payments in cases where the corporation, partnership of
association possesses sufficient property to cover all its debts but foresees the
impossibility of meeting them when they respectively fall due or in cases where the
corporation, partnership of association has no sufficient assets to cover its liabilities,
but is under the management of a Rehabilitation Receiver or Management
Committee.

(4) Concurrent and original jurisdiction

(a) with the Supreme Court in actions affecting ambassadors, other public
ministers and consuls

(b) with the SC and CA in petitions for certiorari, prohibition and mandamus
against lower courts and bodies in petitions for quo warranto, habeas corpus, and
writ of continuing mandamus on environmental cases

(c) with the SC, CA and Sandigabayan in petitions for writs of habeas data and
amparo

(5) Appellate jurisdiction over cases decided by lower courts in their respective
territorial jurisdictions

(6) Special jurisdiction over JDRC, agrarian and urban land reform cases not
within the exclusive jurisdiction of quasi-judicial agencies when so designated by the
SC.
Jurisdiction of Family Courts

Under RA 8369, shall have exclusive original jurisdiction over the following cases:

(1) Petitions for guardianship, custody of children and habeas corpus involving
children

(2) Petitions for adoption of children and the revocation thereof

(3) Complaints for annulment of marriage, declaration of nullity of marriage and

those relating to status and property relations of husband and wife or those living
together under different status and agreements, and petitions for dissolution of
conjugal partnership of gains

(4) Petitions for support and/or acknowledgment

(5) Summary judicial proceedings brought under the provisions of EO 209 (Family
Code)

(6) Petitions for declaration of status of children as abandoned, dependent or

neglected children, petitions for voluntary or involuntary commitment of children, the
suspension, termination or restoration of parental authority and other cases
cognizable under PD 603, EO 56 (1986) and other related laws

(7) Petitions for the constitution of the family home

(8) In areas where there are no Family Courts, the above-enumerated cases shall
be adjudicated by the RTC (RA 8369)

Jurisdiction of Metropolitan Trail Courts/Municipal Trial Courts

(1) Criminal cases

(a) Exclusive original jurisdiction

1. Summary proceedings for violations of city or municipal ordinances committed

within their respective territorial jurisdiction, including traffic laws

2. offenses punishable with imprisonment not exceeding six (6) years

irrespective of the amount of fine, and regardless of other imposable accessory
or other penalties, including the civil liability arising from such offenses or
predicated thereon, irrespective of the kind, nature, value or amount thereof;
provided however, that in offenses involving damage to property through criminal
 negligence, they shall have exclusive original jurisdiction thereof (Sec. 2, RA
7691).

(2) Civil actions

(a) Exclusive original jurisdiction

1. civil actions and probate proceedings, testate and intestate, including the
grant of provisional remedies in proper cases, where the value of the personal
property, estate, or amount the demand does not exceed P200,000 outside MM
or does not exceed P400,000 in MM, exclusive of interest, damages of whatever
kind, attorneys fees, litigation expenses, and costs.

2. Summary proceedings of forcible entry and unlawful detainer, violation of

rental law

3. title to, or possession of, real property, or any interest therein where the
assessed value of the property or interest therein does not exceed P20,000
outside MM or does not exceed P50,000 in MM

(3) Special jurisdiction over petition for writ of habeas corpus and application for
bail if the RTC Judge in area is not available

(4) Delegated jurisdiction to hear and decide cadastral and land registration cases
where there is no controversy provided the value of the lad to be ascertained by the
claimant does not exceed P100,000

Jurisdiction over small claims

(1) MTCs, MeTCs and MCTCs shall have jurisdiction over actions for payment of
money where the value of the claim does not exceed P100,000 exclusive of interest
and costs (Sec. 2, AM 08-8-7-SC, Oct. 27, 2009).

(2) Actions covered are (a) purely civil in nature where the claim or relief prayed
for by the plaintiff is soley for payment or reimbursement of sum of money, and (b)
the civil aspect of criminal actions, either filed before the institution of the criminal
action, or reserved upon the filing of the criminal action in court, pursuant to Rule
111 (Sec. 4, AM 08-8-7-SC). These claims may be:

(a) For money owed under the contracts of lease, loan, services, sale, or
mortgage;

(b) For damages arising from fault or negligence, quasi-contract, or contract; and
(c) The enforcement of a barangay amicable settlement or an arbitration award
involving a money claim pursuant to Sec. 417 of RA 7160 (LGC).

Cases covered by Rules on Summary Procedure (Sec. 1, RSP)

(1) Civil Cases

(a) All cases of forcible entry and unlawful detainer, irrespective of the amount of
damages or unpaid rentals sought to be recovered. Where attorneys fees are
awarded, the same shall not exceed P20,000;

(b) All other cases, except probate proceedings where the total amount of the
plaintiffs claim does not exceed P100,000 (outside MM) or P200,000 (in MM),
exclusive of interest and costs.

(2) Criminal Cases

(a) Violations of traffic law, rules and regulations;

(b) Violation of the rental law;

(c) All other criminal cases where the penalty prescribed is imprisonment not
exceeding six (6) months, or fine not exceedint P1,000, or both, irrespective of other
imposable penalties, accessory or otherwise, or of the civil liability arising therefrom,
provided, that in offenses involving damage to property through criminal negligence,
RSP shall govern where the imposable fine does not exceed P10,000.

(3) SRP does not apply to a civil case where the plaintiffs cause of action is
pleaded in the same complaint with another cause of action subject to the ordinary
procedure; nor to a criminal case where the offense charged is necessarily related to
another criminal case subject to the ordinary procedure.

Cases covered by the Rules on Barangay Conciliation

(1) The Lupon of each barangay shall have the authority to bring together the
parties actually residing in the same municipality or city for amicable settlement of
all disputes except:

(a) Where one party is the government or any subdivision or instrumentality

thereof

(b) Where one party is a public officer or employee, and the dispute relates to the
performance of his official functions
(c) Offenses punishable by imprisonment exceeding one (1) year or a fine
exceeding P5,000

(d) Offenses where there is no private offended party

(e) Where the dispute involves real properties located in different cities or
municipalities unless the parties thereto agree to submit their differences to amicable
settlement by an appropriate lupon

(f) Disputes involving parties who actually reside in barangays of different cities
or municipalities, except where such barangay units adjoin each other and the
parties thereto agree to submit their differences to amicable settlement by an
appropriate lupon

(g) Such other classes of disputes which the President may determine in the
interest of justice or upon the recommendation of the Secretary of Justice

(h) Any complaint by or against corporations, partnerships, or juridical entities.

The reason is that only individuals shall be parties to barangay conciliation
proceedings either as complainants or respondents

(i) Disputes where urgent legal action is necessary to prevent injustice from
being committed or further continued, specifically:

1. A criminal case where the accused is under police custody or detention

2. A petition for habeas corpus by a person illegally detained or deprived of his

liberty or one acting in his behalf

3. Actions coupled with provisional remedies, such as preliminary injunction,

attachment, replevin and support pendente lite

4. Where the action may be barred by statute of limitations

(j) Labor disputes or controversies arising from employer-employee relationship

(k) Where the dispute arises from the CARL

(l) Actions to annul judgment upon a compromise which can be directly filed in
court.