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1.Presence of excess flourine in water causes

1. dental cavity
2. tooth decay
3. respiratory disease
4. fluorosis(R)
2. Suspended solid present in the waste water generated in blast furnace gas coo
ling and cleaning plant is removed by
1. radial settling tank (thickener) using coagulant (lime & ferrous sulphate).
(R)
2. biological oxygen pond.
3. filtration
4. lagoons
3.Siderosis is a disease caused by the inhalation of __________ dust.
1. coal
2. silica
3. iron(R)
4. none of these
4.Tolerable limit of nitrogen oxides in air is __________ ppm.
1. 25
2. 5(R)
3. 0.1
4. 1
5.TLV of mercury in potable (drinking) water is about __________ ppm.
1. 0.1
2. 5
3. 1
4. 0.001(R)
6.In water chemical treatment plant, use of chloramines ensures
1. taste & odour control.
2. disinfection(R)
3. removal of permanent hardness.
4. weed control in reservoirs.
7. The main pollutant in waste water discharged from a petroleum refinery is oil
(both in free and emulsified form). Free oil is removed by
1. trickling filters.
2. aerated lagoons.
3. gravity separator having oil skimming devices.(R)
4. biological oxygen pond.
8.Which of the following is the most detrimental for water used in high pressure
boiler ?
1. Silica(R)
2. Turbidity
3. Phenol
4. Dissolved oxygen
9.Noise level heard at a distance of about 100 metres from a jet engine with aft
er burner is about __________ decibels.
1. 120
2. 170(R)
3. 140
4. 200
10.Which is the best and the most effective method for the removal of organic co
ntaminant present in the polluted water in very small quantity (say < 200 mg/lit
re)?
1. Activated carbon adsorption(R)
2. Chemical coagulation
3. Lagooning
4. Biological oxidation pond
11.Which is a secondary air pollutant ?
1. Dust particles
2. Sulphur dioxide
3. Photochemical smog(R)
4. Nitrogen dioxide
12.Persons working in cement plants and limestone quarries are more prone to dis
ease like
1. asthma
2. cancer
3. silicosis(R)
4. flourosis (bone disease)
13.Exposure to chemicals having carcinogenic properties cause
1. asphyxiation (suffocation)
2. cancer(R)
3. asthma
4. dermatitis (skin disorder)
14.Fluorosis (a bone disease) is caused by the presence of high concentration of
__________ in atmospheric air.
1. hydrocarbons
2. hydrogen flouride(R)
3. hydrogen sulphides
4. nitrogen dioxide
15. Exposure to small amount of __________ results in high blood pressure & hear
t disease in human beings.
1. asbestos
2. hydrogen sulphide
3. cadmium(R)
4. mercury
16.Iron & manganese present as pollutant in water can not be removed by
1. chlorination.(R)
2. oxidation followed by settling & filtration.
3. ion exchange process.
4. lime soda process or manganese zeolite process.
17.Turbidity of water is an indication of the presence of
1. floating solids
2. dissolved gases
3. dissolved solids
4. suspended inorganic matter(R)
18.Particulates (< 1m size) remaining suspended in air indefinitely and transport
ed by wind currents are called
1. smoke
2. fumes
3. aerosols(R)
4. mists
19.During which of the following operating conditions of an automobile, carbon m
onoxide content in the exhaust gas is maximum ?
1. Acceleration
2. Idle running(R)
3. Cruising
4. Deaccelaration
20.Operating principle of cyclone separator is based on the action of __________
dust particles.
1. centrifugal force on(R)
2. electrostatic force on
3. diffusion of
4. gravitational force on

1. Pneumoconiosis is a disease caused by the inhalation of __________ dust.

1. coal(R)
2. uranium ore
3. iron ore
4. lime
2.Most efficient and suitable dust removal equipment for removal of flyash from
flue gas in a thermal power plant is the
1. cyclone separator
2. electrostatic precipitator(R)
3. gravity settling chamber
4. bag filter
3.Tri-sodium phosphate is used in boiler water treatment to reduce
1. caustic embrittlement(R)
2. turbidity
3. suspended silica
4. dissolved oxygen
4.Which of the following dust collection equipments is the least efficient (for
sub-micronic particles) ?
1. Dust catcher (gravity type)(R)
2. Bag filter
3. Cyclone separator
4. Hollow wet scrubber
5.80% less than 200 mesh size particles are called
1. powder(R)
2. grit
3. smoke
4. aggregates
6.The commonest form of iron & manganese found in ground water as pollutant is i
n the form of their
1. chlorides(R)
2. carbonates
3. bi-carbonates
4. sulphides
7.The concentration of water vapour in troposphere, which depends upon the altit
ude & temperature varies in the range of zero to __________ percent.
1. 4
2. 1
3. 8
4. 12(R)
8.Pick out the wrong statement.
1. Caustic embrittlement of boiler's metallic parts is caused by high concentr
ation of caustic soda in boiler feed water.
2. Cooling and freezing of water kills the bacteria present in it.(R)
3. Dissolved oxygen content in high pressure boiler feed water should be nil.
4. With increasing boiler operating pressure of steam, the maximum allowable c
oncentration of silica in feed water goes on decreasing.
9.Most of the atmospheric air pollutants are present in large quantity in
1. mesosphere
2. stratosphere
3. trophosphere(R)
4. thermosphere
10.The ratio of oxygen available to the oxygen required for stabilisation of sew
age is called the
1. relative stability.(R)
2. bacterial stability factor.
3. biological oxygen demand (BOD).
4. oxygen ion concentration.
11.Pick out the wrong statement.
1. The concentric atmosphere layer just above troposphere is called stratosphe
re, which is rich in ozone.
2. Mesosphere is characterised by very low atmospheric pressure and low temper
ature.
3. The radio waves used in the long distance radio communication are reflected
back to earth by stratosphere.(R)
4. Troposhere is a dusty zone containing water vapor and clouds.
12.World s worst radioactive pollution was caused by nuclear reactor disaster whic
h occured in
1. Pensylvania (U.S.A.)
2. Arizona (U.S.A.)
3. Moscow (U.S.S.R.)
4. Chernobyl (undivided U.S.S.R.)(R)
13.The main industrial source of emission of hydrogen sulphide air pollutant is
1. coal based thermal power plants.(R)
2. petroleum refineries.
3. pulp and paper plant.
4. metallurgical roasting & smelting plant.
14.Coal washing waste water containing about 3% suspended solids (comprising of
clay, slate, stone etc.) is treated for solid particles removal
1. in sedimentation tanks equipped with mechanical scrapper.(R)
2. by chemical coagulation.
3. in clarifiers.
4. in vacuum filter.
15.The widest explosive limit is of __________ , thereby making it the most expl
osive gas.
1. hydrogen
2. acetylene(R)
3. carbon monoxide
4. petrol vapor
16.Polluted water having low BOD are most economically treated in
1. sedimentation tanks
2. oxidation ponds(R)
3. sludge digester
4. clarifier
17.Ionisation potential employed in the industrial electrostatic precipitator is
of the order of
1. 30 to 70 kV AC
2. 230 V DC
3. 30 to 70 kV DC(R)
4. 230 V AC
18.Sound produced by an automobile horn heard at a distance of 1.5 metres corres
ponds to about __________ decibels.
1. 120(R)
2. 150
3. 90
4. 180
19.Waste/polluted water discharged from electroplating, blast furnace and coal m
ining industries contain mainly __________ substances.
1. radioactive
2. inorganic(R)
3. organic
4. none of these
20.Phenolic water generated in coke ovens & by-product plant attached to an inte
grated steel plant containing phenol in concentration of less than 100 mg/litre
can be removed by
1. treating in biological oxygen pond(R)
2. chlorination
3. none of these
4. chemical coagulation

1.Dissolved oxygen content in river water is around __________ ppm.

1. 100
2. 5(R)
3. 500
4. 250
2.Water effluent generated in printing industry is decolourised by
1. reverse osmosis.
2. ion exchange technique.
3. electrolytic decomposition.(R)
4. adsorption.
3.The amount of chemical coagulant added for treatment of polluted water _______
___ with increase in temperature of the polluted water to be treated.
1. remains constant.
2. decreases(R)
3. increases
4. may increase or decrease ; depends on the chemical characteristics of pollu
ted water.
4.Peroxyacyl nitrate (PAN), a pollutant is found in the
1. exhaust of nitric acid plant.
2. flue gas of coal based power plant.
3. automobile exhaust.(R)
4. exhaust of sulphuric acid plant.
5.Industrial workers working in leather tanning & manufacturing units are prone
to suffer from
1. blurred vision.
2. skin diseases (e.g. dermatities).(R)
3. respirtory ailments (e.g. bronchitis).
4. silicosis.
6.Atmospheric pollution caused by the exhaust gas of supresonic transport air-cr
afts is mostly in the atmospheric region called
1. thermosphere
2. troposphere
3. mesosphere
4. stratosphere(R)
7.Which is the most practical and economical method for removal of suspended sol
id matter from polluted water ?
1. Skimming off
2. Chlorination
3. Biological oxidation
4. Sedimentation(R)
8.Presence of __________ hardness is responsible for the temporary hardness in w
ater.
1. choride
2. carbonate
3. sulphate
4. calcium(R)
9.A shallow pond in which the sewage is retained and biologically treated is cal
led
1. skimming tank
2. lagoon
3. oxidation(R)
4. Imhoff tank
10.COD of raw municipal sewage may be in the range of about __________ mg/litre.
1. 1-2
2. 90-120(R)
3. 5-10
4. 1500-2500
11.Oil and grease present in an emulsified state in waste water discharged from
industries can be removed by
1. biological oxidation.
2. skimming off.
3. settling out using chemical reagents.(R)
4. chlorination.
12.Which of the following radioactive wastes emits all a, & ? rays and hence is
the most hazardous of all radioactive emitters?
1. Sr-90
2. Au-198
3. Ra-226(R)
4. I-131
13.Pick out the wrong statement.
1. Inhalation of pollutant carbon monoxide results in death by asphyxiation.
2. Decomposition of plants containing chlorophyll is a natural source of carbo
n monoxide in atmosphere.
3. Catalytic converter is fitted in automobiles to reduce carbon monoxide conc
entration in exhaust emissions.
4. Sulphur dioxide is the main pollutant emitted from the exhaust of petrol dr
iven automobiles.(R)
14.Maximum permissible turbidity in potable water is __________ ppm.
1. 10(R)
2. 1
3. 1000
4. 250
15.Ambient noise level can be reduced by __________ decibels by planting trees (
like coconut, neem etc.) near public utility buildings (like hospitals & schools
).
1. 25-30
2. 5-10(R)
3. 1-2
4. 35-40
16.Maximum allowable noise exposure limits for a man working for 8 hours a day i
n a noisy chemical plant is about __________ decibels.
1. 90(R)
2. 20
3. 60
4. 100
17.Presence of bacteria in potable (drinking) water causes
1. disease(R)
2. turbidity
3. bad taste & colour
4. bad odour
18.Dose of chlorine for disinfection of water is about __________ mg/litre of wa
ter.
1. 0.3
2. 0.1
3. 1(R)
4. 0.01
19.Iron & manganese present in the polluted water is removed by
1. simple filtration.
2. oxidation followed by settling & filtration.(R)
3. chemical coagulation.
4. chlorination only.
20.Thermal pollution of water increases its toxicity and oxidation of oxygen dem
anding waste besides favouring bacterial growth. A rise in water temperature by
10C, doubles the toxic effects of __________ present in it.
1. potassium cyanide(R)
2. coal ash
3. ortho-xylene
4. none of these
1.__________ can not control the noise pollution.
1. Green house gases(R)
2. Use of silencers
3. Tree plantation
4. Vibration damping
2. Particulate air pollutants are finely divided solids and liquids. Which of the f
ollowing is not a particulate ?
1. Dust & mists
2. Photochemical smog & soot
3. None of these(R)
4. Smoke & fumes
3.TLV of lead for public sewer/waste water is about __________ ppm.
1. 250
2. 25
3. 1(R)
4. 150
4.Foul odour and bad taste of water is removed by treating with
1. alum
2. bleaching powder
3. activated carbon(R)
4. copper sulphate.
5.Fine grit present in sewage is removed in the __________ during sewage treatme
nt.
1. detritus tank(R)
2. grit chamber
3. trickling filter
4. skimming tank.
6.In a sedimentation tank, the detention period for water ranges from __________
hours.
1. 8 to 12
2. 2 to 4(R)
3. 16 to 20
4. 24 to 32
7.The lowest layer of atmosphere is known as the
1. troposphere(R)
2. stratosphere
3. ionosphere
4. none of these
8.Coal mines drainage waste water (acidic in nature) results from the earth s wate
r percolating through the voids created in coal bed during mining. This polluted
water which either drains out naturally to water courses or are removed before
starting the mining is
1. neutralised by alkali treatment.(R)
2. diluted with fresh water to reduce its acidity.
3. left as such without any treatment.
4. none of these.
9.Fresh sewage is __________ in nature.
1. acidic
2. highly acidic
3. alkaline(R)
4. neutral
10.Workers working in __________ industry are most prone to white lung cancer.
1. coal mining
2. textile(R)
3. asbestos
4. limestone mining
11.Presence of volatile compounds like gasoline, oil, alcohol, ether etc. in mun
icipal sewers may cause
1. non biodegradable foam
2. explosion(R)
3. undesirable plant growth
4. corrosion
12.Methyl iso-cynate (MIC) gas (TLV <1 ppm), which caused Bhopal gas tragedy in
1984 falls under the category of __________ toxic gas.
1. highly
2. moderately
3. very extremely(R)
4. extremely
13.Presence of nitrates in water in excess of 50 ppm causes
1. asphyxiation
2. gastroentetitis
3. tooth decay
4. mathenoglobenemia(R)
14.Presence of soluble organics in polluted water causes
1. fire hazards.
2. depletion of oxygen.(R)
3. undesirable plants growth.
4. explosion hazards.
15.In water treatment plant, zeolite process is used to remove the __________ of
water.
1. iron & zinc
2. alkalinity
3. acidity
4. hardness(R)
16.In sewage treatment, the detention period allowed for oxidation ponds ranges
from __________ weeks.
1. 9 to 10
2. 4 to 5(R)
3. 1 to 2
4. 15 to 20
17.Noise level heard inside a bus in busy city traffic or inside a sub-way train
corresponds to about __________ decibels.
1. 120
2. 95(R)
3. 140
4. 75
18.Ozone level is generally found to be depleted in India in the month of
1. July
2. April
3. December(R)
4. February
19.For existence of aquatic life in water, the dissolved oxygen content in it, s
hould not be less than __________ ppm.
1. 500
2. 5(R)
3. 10000
4. 1000
20.A standard test for determination of hardness in water is termed as _________
_ test.
1. EDTA(R)
2. total count
3. presumptive
4. electometric

Q.Nuclear family refers to

A. Any family born after 1950
B. Family includes parents and their children(R)
C. Entire family including children, their parents and grandparents
D. Only husband and wife
Q.Which country has the maximum number of tube-wells in the world ?
A. America
B. Australia
C. China
D. India(R)
Q.Which of the following is not an air pollutant ?
A. Smoke
B. Carbon Dioxide
C. Nitrogen Gas(R)
D. Sulphur Dioxide
Q.Which part of plant evaporates water ?
A. Stomata(R)
B. Fruit
C. Branch
D. Root
Q.In elbow and knee joints, the bones can move in -
A. all directions
B. four directions
C. one directions(R)
D. two directions
Q.Which energy is converted into electrical energy by a solar cell ?
A. Chemical Energy
B. Nuclear Energy
C. Solar Energy (R)
D. Magnetic Energy
Q.Carrier of Dengue disease is
A. Aedes Mosquito(R)
B. Culex Mosquito
C. Housefly
D. Anopheles Mosquito
Q.Wildlife Week is celebrated on
A. 1st October to 7th October(R)
B. 15th October to 2 1st October
C. 1st June to 7th June
D. 15th June to 21st June
Q.In which state of matter, the distance between the molecules is minimum ?
A. Solid(R)
B. Liquid
C. Gas
D. Plasma
Q.Maximum amount of gas found in air is
A. Oxygen
B. Carbon dioxide
C. Hydrogen
D. Nitrogen(R)

Q.The biochemical laboratory of human body is

A. Stomach
B. Liver(R)
C. Intestine
D. Kidney
Q.Which state of India is known as 'Tiger State'?
A. Gujarat
B. West Bengal
C. Madhya Pradesh (R)
D. Assam
Q.Habitat of Dog Fish is
A. River
B. Pond
C. Lake
D. Sea(R)
Q.Which of the following has maximum speed ?
A. Air
B. Water Current
C. Sound
D. Light(R)
Q.Tobacco addiction is caused due to
A. Cocaine
B. Caffeine
C. Nicotine (R)
D. Histamine
Q.Ozone layer is found in
A. Thermosphere
B. Stratosphere(R)
C. Troposphere
D. Mesosphere
Q.Full form of CNG is
A. Common National Gas
B. Compressed Natural Gas(R)
C. Common Natural Gas
D. Cirtified Natural Gas
Q.Renewable source of energy is
A. Coal
B. Petroleum
C. Plants(R)
D. Uranium
Q.Sugar is form of ______________
A. Protein
B. Carbohydrate(R)
C. Fat
D. Water
Q.The mosquito repellent (coils, mats and liquids) that we generally use in our
homes are:
A. Pesticides
B. Fertilizers
C. Sedatives
D. Insecticides(R)
Q.The young ones of the frog are called:
A. Young frogs
B. Frog cubs
C. Puppies
D. Tadpoles(R)
Q.How many muscles are there in a human body?
A. 600(R)
B. 700
C. 800
D. 900
Q.A battery or cell converts ________________ energy into electrical energy
A. Solar
B. Heat
C. Mechanical
D. Chemical(R)
Q.We have days and nights because of:
A. Earth's rotation(R)
B. Earth's revolution
C. Sun's rotation
D. Sun's revolution
Q.Which of the following plays an important role in the cause of rainfall
A. Evaporation
B. Condensation
C. Both evaporation & condensation(R)
D. Filtration
Q.The process of solid changing into liquid upon the supply of heat is called:
A. Condensation
B. Evaporation
C. Melting(R)
D. Boiling
Q.Our sun is:
A. Planet
B. Satellite
C. Comet
D. Star(R)
Q.During summer the earth is
A. Closer to the sun(R)
B. Away from the sun
C. Closer to the moon
D. Away from the moon
Q.When we exhale, our lungs have to:
A. Contract(R)
B. Expand
C. Be still
D. None of the above
Q.Which of the following is a biodegradable waste?
A. Plastics
B. Polythene
C. Glass
D. None of these(R)

Q.During breathing which gas is most required by us?

A. Hydrogen
B. Oxygen(R)
C. Carondioxide
D. Nitrogen
Q.Paper is mainly made up of:
A. Cellulose & starch
B. Polythene & cotton
C. Bamboo & grass(R)
D. Sunflower & Maize
Q.Which one is non luminous
A. Moon(R)
B. sun
C. star
D. comet
Q.When some sugar is dissolved in a glass of water, the water level:
A. Increases
B. Decreases
C. Remains the same(R)
D. None of the above
Q.Non-green plants like mushroom can't make their own food because:
A. They are too small
B. They lack chlorophyll(R)
C. They lack photo-tropism
D. They lack roots to suck water

Q:The nature of relationship between condensation & evaporation is:

A. They are the same
B. They are opposite(R)
C. They are similar but not in all respects
D. None of the above
Q.We slip very easily on a wet floor because
A. Water reduces the friction(R)
B. Water increases the friction
C. We slip because we lose our balance
D. None of the above
Q.A human body consists of ________ number of bones
A. 205
B. 206(R)
C.207
D. 208
Q.Which of the following is not a part of the excretory system?
A. Eyes(R)
B. Kidneys
C. Lungs
D. Skin
Q.Which is called powerhouse of the cell?
A. Lysosome
B. Golgi bodies
C. Ribosomes
D. Mitochondria(R)
Q.Our head is made up of only one movable bone; it is called:
A. Skull
B. Cranium
C. Jawbone(R)
D. Collarbone
r
Q.In which one of the following sound travels fast
A. Solid(R)
B. Air
C. Water
D. Vacuum
Q.What type of radiation is trapped on the earth's surface by the green house ef
fect?
A. UV rays(R)
B. ? -rays
C. X-rays
D. IR rays
1.1. Which of the following is an air pollutant?
(a) Nitrogen
(b) Carbon dioxide
(c) Carbon monooxide
(d) Oxygen
2. Which of the following is a secondary air pollutant?

(a) Ozone
(b) Carbon dioxide
(c) Carbon monooxide
(d) Sulphur dioxide
3. The environmental lapse rate is found to be:
(a) 6.5C/km
(b) 8.6C/km
(c) 6.5C/km
(d) 5.6C/km
4. During Inversion:
(a) Temperature increases with altitude
(b) Temperature decreases with altitude
(c) Temperature remains constant
(d) None of the above
5. Among the following, the only secondary pollutant is:
(a) Sulphur tetraoxide
(b) Sulphur dioxide
(c) Ozone
(d) Sulphur tetraoxide
6. Which of the following groups of plants can be used as indicators of SO pollu
tion of air?
(a) Epiphytic lichens
(b) Ferns
(c) Liver worts
(d) Horn worts
7. Which of the following on inhalation dissolved in the blood hemoglobin more r
apidly than oxygen?
(a) Sulphur dioxide
(b) Carbon mono-oxide
(c) Ozone
(d) Nitrous oxide
8. Smog is:
(a) A natural phenomenon
(b) A combination of smoke and fog
(c) Is colourless
(d) All of the above
9. The major photochemical oxidant is:
(a) Ozone
(b) Hydrogen peroxide
(c) Nitrogen oxides
(d) Peroxyl Acetyl Nitrate (PAN)
10. Which of the following are likely to be present in photochemical smog?
(a) Sulphur dioxide
(b) Photochemical oxidants
(c) Chlorofluorocarbon
(d) Smog
11. Which of the following devices is suitable for the removal of gaseous pollut
ants?
(a) Cyclone separator
(b) Electrostatic precipitator
(c) Fabric filter
(d) Wet scrubber
12. Which of the following air pollution control devices is suitable for the rem
oving the finest dust from the air?
(a) Cyclone separator
(b) Electrostatic precipitator
(c) Fabric filter
(d) Wet scrubber
13. Air pollution from automobiles can be controlled by fitting:
(a) Cyclone separato
(b) Electrostatic precipitator
(c) Catalytic converter
(d) Wet scrubber
14. Taj Mahal at Agra may be damaged by:
(a) Sulphur dioxide
(b) Chlorine
(c) Hydrogen
(d) Oxygen
15. Gas leaked in Bhopal tragedy:
(a) Methyl isocyanate
(b) Potassium isothoiocynate
(c) Ethyl isocyanate
(d) Sodium isothiocyanate
16. BOD is:
(a) A measure of the organic matter presents in water
(b) Usually less than COD
(c) Biochemical oxygen demand
(d) All of the above
17. BOD/COD ratio will always be:
(a) Equal to 1
(b) Less than 1
(c) More than 1
(d) None of them
18. Biochemical Oxygen Demand measures:
(a) Industrial pollution
(b) Air pollution
(c) Pollution capacity of effects
(d) Dissolved O2 needed by microbes to decompose organic waste.
19. Excess fluoride in drinking water is likely to cause:
(a) Blue baby syndrome
(b) Fluorosis
(c) Change in taste and odour
(d) Intestinal irritation
20. Fluoride pollution mainly affects:
(a) Kidney
(b) Brain
(c) Heart
(d) Teeth
21. Which of the following is a non-point source of water pollution?
(a) Factories
(b) Sewage treatment plants
(c) Urban and suburban lands
(d) All of the above
22. Septic tank is:
(a) An aerobic attached growth treatment system
(b) An aerobic suspended growth biological treatment system
(c) An anaerobic attached growth biological treatment system
(d) An anaerobic suspended growth treatment system
23. Disease caused by eating fish inhabiting mercury contaminated water is:
(a) Bright s disease
(b) Hiroshima episode
(c) Mina-mata disease
(d) Osteosclerosis
24. Which of the following is not a marine pollutant?
(a) Oil
(b) Plastics
(c) Dissolved oxygen
(d) All of the above
25. Noise is:
(a) Loud sound
(b) Sound of high frequency
(c) Unwanted sound
(d) Constant sound
26. Sound becomes hazardous noise pollution at decibels:
(a) Above 80
(b) Above 30
(c) Above 100
(d) Above 120
27. Which of the following is a major source of thermal pollution in water bodie
s?
(a) Sewage treatment plant
(b) Solid waste disposal sites
(c) Thermal power plant
(d) All of the above
28. The highest heating valve is of:
(a) Garbage
(b) Rubbish
(c) Hospital waste
(d) Industrial waste
29. The highest moisture content is in:
(a) Garbage
(b) Rubbish
(c) Hospital waste
(d) Agricultural waste
30. Which of the following is a likely characteristic of hazardous waste?
(a) Ignitability
(b) Corrosivity
(c) Reactivity
(d) Any of the above
31. High level radioactive waste can be managed in which of the following ways?
(a) Open dumping
(b) Composting
(c) Incineration
(d) Dumping in sealed containers
32. Biomedical waste may be disposed of by?
(a) Incineration
(b) Autoclaving
(c) Land filling
(d) Both (b) and (c)
33. Which of the following is a biodegradable organic chemical/substance?
(a) Plastics
(b) Oils
(c) Pesticides
(d) Garbage
Answers:
1. (c); 2. (a); 3. (a); 4. (a); 5. (c); 6. (a); 7. (b); 8. (b); 9. (c); 10. (c);
11. (d); 12. (b); 13. (c); 14. (a); 15. (a); 16. (d); 17. (b); 18. (d); 19. (b);
20. (d); 21. (c); 22. (d); 23. (c); 24. (c); 25. (c); 26. (a); 27. (c); 28. (b);
29. (d); 30. (d); 31. (d); 32. (d); 33. (d).

1. Acid rains are produced by

(a) excess NO2 and SO2 from burning fossil fuels (b) excess production of ammon
ia by industry and coal gas (c) excess release of carbon monoxide by incomplete
combustion (d) excess formation of CO
by combustion and animal respiration. (1988, 89)
Answer and Explanation:
1.(a)
2. Which one is not a pollutant normally?
(a) hydrocarbon (b) carbon dioxide (c) carbon monoxide (d) sulphur dioxide
2.b:

3. Upper part of sea/aquatic ecosystem contains

(a) plankton (b) nekton (c) plankton and nekton (d) benthos.
3. (a):
4. Competition for light, nutrients and space is most severe between
(a) closely related organism growing in different niches (b) closely related or
ganisms growing in the same area/niche (c) distantly related organisms growing i
n the same habitat (d) distantly related organisms growing in different niches.
(1988)
4. (b):
5. A mutually beneficial association necessary for survival of both partners is
(a) mutualism/symbiosis (b) commensalism (c) amensalism (d) both A and B.
5. (a):
6. What is true of ecosystem?
(a) primary consumers are least dependent upon producers (b) primary consumers o
ut-number producers (c) producers are more than primary consumers (d) secondary
consumers are the largest and most powerful.
6. (c):
7. in an ecosystem, which one shows one-way passage
(a) free energy (b) carbon (c) nitrogen (d) potassium
8.Green house effect is warming due to
(a) infra-red rays reaching earth (b) moisture layer in atmosphere (c) increase
in temperature due to increase in carbon dioxide concentration of atmosphere (d)
ozone layer of atmosphere
8.C
9. Soil conservation is
(a) conversion of sterile soil into fertile one (b) aeration of soil (c) erosion
of soil (d) protection against loss
9.D
10.The relation between algae and fungi in lichen is
(a) symbiosis (b) parasitism (c) commenalism (d) protocooperation
10.A
11.Major aerosol pollutant in jet plane emission is
(a) sulphur dioxide (b) carbon monoxide (c) methane (d) fluorocarbon
11.D
12.Gas released during Bhopal tragedy was
(a) methyl isocyanate (b) potassium isothiocyanate (c) sodium isothiocyanate (d)
ethyl isothiocyante
12.A
13.Deforestation will decrease
(a) soil erosion (c) soil fertility (b) land slides (d) rainfall
13.D
14.Pyramid of numbers in a grassland/tree ecosystem
(a) always inverted (b) always upright (c) both (a) and (b) (d) spindle-shaped
14.B
15.Domestic waste constitutes
(a) nonbiodegradable pollution (b) biodegradable pollution (c) effluents (d) air
pollution
15.A

16.. Acid rain is due to increase in atmospheric concentration of

(a) ozone and dust (b) CO2 and CO
(c) SO2 And CO (d) SO2 and NO2
16.D
17.A non-renewable resource is
(a) nonrenewable nonconventional energy source (b) nonrenewable conventional en
ergy source
(c) renewable nonconventional energy source (d) renewable conventional energy so
urce
17.B
18.Renewable source of energy is
(a) biomass (b) coal (c) petroleum (d) kerosene
18.A
19.Homeostasis is
(a) tendency of biological systems to change with change in environment (b) tend
ency of biological systems to resist change
(c) disturbance of self regulatory system and natural controls (d) biotic materi
als used in homeopathic medicines
19.B
20.Deep black soil is productive due to high proportion of
(a) sand and zinc (b) gravel and calcium (c) clay and humus (d) silt and earthw
orm
20.C
21. Soil water available to roots is
(a) surface water (b) hygroscopic water
(c) gravitational water (d) capillary water
21.D
22.Which one is true?
(a) commensalism when none of the interacting populations affect each other (b)
symbiosis when the interaction is useful to both the populations
(c) symbiosis when neither populations affects each other (d) commensalism when
the interaction is useful to both the populations
22.B
23.Food chain in which microorganisms breakdown the food formed by primary produ
cers is
(a) parasitic food chain (b) detritus food chain (c) consumer food chain (d) pre
dator food chain
23.B
24.Pick up the correct food chain
(a) grass > chamelion > insect > bird
(b) grass > fox > rabbit bird
(c) phytoplankton > zooplankton > fish
(d) fallen leaves > bacteria > insect larvae
24.C
25.Most hazardous metal pollutant of automobile exhausts is
(a) mercury (b) cadmium (c) lead (d) copper
25.C
26.Fertility of soil is measured by its ability to
(a) retain nutrients (b) hold organic materials (c)hold water (d) support life
26.D
27.Petroleum is a
(a) synthetic product (b) renewable resource (c) nonrenewable resource (d) incon
venient resource
27.C
28. Minerals and metals are
(a) biodegradable resources (b) renewable (c) non-renewable (d) renewable and no
nrenewable resources
28.D
29.Soil fertility is reduced by
(a) crop rotation (b) nitrogen fixing bacteria (c) decaying organic matter (d) i
ntensive agriculture
29.D
30.Soil fertility is reduced by
(a) crop rotation (b) nitrogen fixing bacteria (c) decaying organic matter (d) i
ntensive agriculture
30.C
31.River water deposits
(a) loamy soil (b) alluvial soil (c) laterite soil (d) sandy soil
31.B
32.A fertile agricultural soil appears deep coloured at the surface as compared
to soil one metre down. The reason for colour of top soil is
(a) more moisture (b) rich in organic matter (c) rich in iron, calcium and magne
sium (d) recent formation
32.B
33.Soil particles determine its
(a) texture (b) field capacity (c) water holding capacity (d) soil flora
33.A
34.Ultraviolet radiations from sunlight causes a reaction that produces
(a) fluorides (b) carbon monoxide (c) sulphur dioxide (d) ozone
34.D
35.American water plant that has become a troublesome water weed in India
(a) Cyperus rotundus (b) Eichhornia crassipes (c) Typha latifolia (d)Trapa bisp
inosa
35.B
36.Study of inter-relationships between organisms and their environment is
(a) ecology (b) ecosystem (c) phytogeography (d) ethology
36.A
37.The sum total of the populations of the same kind of organisms constitute
(a) colony (b) genus (c) community (d) species
37.D
38.Soil best suited for plant growth is
 (a) clay (b) loam (c) sandy (d) gravel
38.B
39.Association of animals when both partners are benefitted
(a) colony (b) mutualism (c) commensalism (d) ammensalism
39.B
40.Pyramid of numbers deals with number of
(a) species in an area (b) individuals in a community (c) individuals in a trop
ic-level (d) subspecies in a community
40.C
41.Pyramid of numbers in a pond ecosystem is
(a) irregular (b) inverted (c) upright (d) spindle shaped
41.C
42.Which among the following is likely to have the highest levels of D.D.T. depo
sitions in its body?
(a) sea gull (b) phytoplankton (c) eel (d) crab
42.A

42. Which among the following is likely to have the highest levels of D.D.T. dep
ositions in its body?
(a) sea gull (b) phytoplankton (c) eel (d) crab.
42. (a):
Biomagnifications is the increase in concentration of a compound in the tissue
of organism as the compound passes up a food chain usually as a result of food i
ntake. This results from the accumulation of the compo
und at each trophic level prior to its consumption ?by organisms at the
next trophic level. Most chlorinated hydrocarbon like DDT shows biomagnification
s. Level of concentration of compound increases in higher trophic level as shown
in the following chain. Water
> phytoplanktons
> zooplanktons
> insects
> fish
> large fish Higher the trophic level higher will be the accumulation of organic
 compound. Hence sea gull is likely to have the highest level of DDT deposition
in its body.

43. Which one of the following gases contributes maximum to the green house
effect?on the earth?
(a) carbon dioxide (b) chlorofluoro carbon (c) Freon (d) methane.
43. (a):
44. The dominant second trophic level, in a lake ecosystem, is
(a) phytoplankton (b) zooplankton (c) benthos (d) plankton.
44. (b):
45. Sounds above what level are considered hazardous noise pollution?
(a) above 80 dB (b) above 30 dB (c) above 150 dB (d) above 120 dB.
45. (d):
46 A disease caused by eating fish contaminated by industrial waste, containing
mercury compounds, is called
(a) osteosclerosis
(b) Hashimoto s oxidase
(c) Bright s disease
(d) minimata disease.
46. (d):
47. When huge amount of sewage is dumped into a river, its B.O.D. will
(a) slightly decrease (b) remain unchanged (c) increase (d) decrease.
47. (c):
48. If we completely remove the decomposers from an ecosystem, its functioning w
ill be adversely affected, because
(a) mineral movement will be blocked (b) the rate of decomposition will be very
high
c) energy flow will be blocked (d) herbivores will not receive solar energy.
48. (a):
49. In a biotic community, the primary consumers are
(a) detritivores (b) herbivores (c) carnivores (d) omnivores.
49. (b):
50. The abundance of a species population, within its habitat, is called
(a) relative density (b) regional density (c) absolute density (d) niche density
.
50. (d):
51. The Taj Mahal is threatened due to the effect of
(a) oxygen (b) hydrogen (c) chlorine (d) sulphur-dioxide.
51. (d):
143. (d):
Eutrophication in the phenomenon of nutrient enrichment of a water body that in
itially supports a dense growth of plants and animals. It is caused by runoff fr
om fertilized fields, suburban lawns, detergent rich sewage; Eutrophication is c
aused by the increase in an ecosystem of chemical nutrients, typically compounds
containing nitrogen and phosphorus. It may occur on land or in water, although
traditionally thought of as enrichment of Aquatic systems by addition of fertili
zers into lakes, bays or other semi-enclosed waters terrestrial ecosystems are s
ubject to similarly adverse impacts, eg cause of algal blooms. Increased content
of nitrates in soil frequently leads to undesirable changes in vegetation compo
sition and many plant species are endangered as a result of eutrophication in te
rrestrial ecosystems, e.g., majority of orchid species in Europe.
144. If the mean and the median pertaining to a certain character of a populatio
n are of the same value, the following is most likely to occur
(a) a bi-modal distribution (b) a T-shaped curve (c) a skewed curve (d) a norma
l distribution.
144. (d):
145. A high density of elephant population in an area can result in
(a) intra specific competition (b) inter specific competition (c) predation on o
ne another (d) mutualism.
145. (d):
146. Which one of the following ecosystem types has the highest annual net prima
ry productivity?
(a) tropical deciduous forest (b) temperate evergreen forest (c) temperate deci
duous forest (d)tropical rain forest.
146. (d):
147. Which one of the following pairs of organisms are exotic species introduced
in India?
(a) Lantana camara, water hyacinth (b) water hyacinth, Prosopis cinereria (c) n
ile perch, Ficus religiosa (d) Ficus religiosa, Lantana camara.
147. (a)
148. Which one of the following is not a bioindicator of water pollution?
(a) blood-worms (b) stone flies (c) sewage fungus (d) sludge-worms.