ELEMOS, FELICIANO, TUMBAGA, ZAMORA

Often used interchangeably but technically, they

are different.
 One form of violence against women that is
specific to the family. It is the physical, sexual
and psychological violence occurring in the family.
 Connotes a description of its venue, and may
pertain to husband and wife, and parent and
child. This, it pertains not only to spousal abuse
but also to incest cases, and abuse of non-
relatives living in ones home.
 Physical Violence
Psychological/Emotional Violence
Sexual Abuse
Economic Abuse
 may be a single act or a series of different acts,
or a combination of assaults with the use of
weapons.
 involves threat or intimidation or verbal
abuse.
 demanding sex regardless of the partners
condition.
 Denial or withdrawal of financial support.
Honeymoon Tension
Phase phase

Violence
Outburst
Phase
 Tension Phase characterized by the increasing stress
in the relationship as the abuser wields control or
domination over his partners and their situations. The
women is filled with fear and may try to ignore the
problem.
Violent Outburst Phase extreme physical violence or
sexual or emotional harm occurs with the batterer
justifying his behaviour as a way of teaching the woman a
lesson. The woman may then deny the abuse and appease
the batterer.
 Honeymoon Phase batterer seeks forgiveness from
the victim.
 Abusers individual adequacies or defects such as lack of
skills for non-violent expression of anger, poor
communication skills, insecurity and jealousy.
Personal history of the abuser
Abusers use of alcohol and drugs
External pressure
HOWEVER, ALL OF THIS DO NOT JUSTIFY THEIR ACTIONS
 Anyone can be a victim of domestic violence but
more often, women are the victims. At average, 6
of 10 women are victims of domestic violence.
Survivors are not limited to the lower class of
economy.
 They are afraid of the general reaction of the community.
For the sake of the children
Love for the husband and hope that that he will stop
abusing her
Lack of confidence to make decisions for herself due to
long years of abuse
Lack of external support
Firm adherence to the cultural norm and church teaching
on the sanctity of marriage
 Help from non-government associations NGOs provides support
services to the victim ranging from temporary shelter, food, medical
care, police protection and legal assistance
Counseling
It means counsel, commitment and confidentiality
The helper must have:
Knowledge understanding of what domestic violence is
Attitude awareness of ones values
Skills communication and counselling skills
Habits awareness of the skills that one does everyday
 The relationship between the helper/counsellor and the victim
may be viewed in this paradigm:
Relationship Building
Helper: Attitude
Victim: Worthy of Assistance
Exploration Phase
Helper: Non-judgemental, Freedom, Responsibility
Victim: Warmth
Problem Solving Phase
Helper: Knowledge, Attitude, Skills and Habits
Victim: Choices, Unique
 We have no law directly addressing the sanctions of domestic
violence.
Only recourse is the Revised Penal Code.
The Anti-Rape Law of 1997
Family Code
DESPITE THE ENACTMENT OF SEVERAL GENDER-SENSITIVE LAWS, THEIR
IMPLEMENTATION IS STILL REPLETE WITH ANTI-WOMEN BIASES
Victim-blaming
Presumption of consent
Classic-rape-victim theory
The Good/Bad Woman theory
No injury-no-rape myth
THAT IN ALL THINGS, GOD MAY BE GLORIFIED